JPWO2013141121A1 - Columnar body sorting method and columnar body sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Columnar body sorting method and columnar body sorting apparatus Download PDF

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JPWO2013141121A1
JPWO2013141121A1 JP2013514460A JP2013514460A JPWO2013141121A1 JP WO2013141121 A1 JPWO2013141121 A1 JP WO2013141121A1 JP 2013514460 A JP2013514460 A JP 2013514460A JP 2013514460 A JP2013514460 A JP 2013514460A JP WO2013141121 A1 JPWO2013141121 A1 JP WO2013141121A1
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columnar body
rotation axis
sieve
opening
opening hole
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JP6086063B2 (en
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田中　伸吾
伸吾 田中
田中　茂穂
茂穂 田中
友基 福井
友基 福井
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18—Drum screens
    • B07B1/22—Revolving drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B07B1/469—Perforated sheet-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B07B1/522—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B07B1/522—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with brushes
    • B07B1/524—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with brushes the brushes being rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/54—Cleaning with beating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness

Abstract

長さおよび太さが互いに異なる２種の円柱体同士、特に、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体同士を充分に分別できる柱状体分別方法および柱状体分別装置を提供する。本発明の柱状体分別方法および柱状体分別装置１は、特定の形状の開口孔Ｈが形成された篩１０によって、第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する。Provided are a columnar body separation method and a columnar body separation apparatus capable of sufficiently separating two types of cylinders having different lengths and thicknesses, particularly, two types of cylinders having a slight difference in length and diameter. The columnar body sorting method and the columnar body sorting apparatus 1 of the present invention have a first columnar body and a length and thickness that are larger than those of the first columnar body by the sieve 10 in which the opening H of a specific shape is formed. A large second columnar body is separated.

Description

本発明は、長さおよび太さが互いに異なる２種の柱状体を分別する柱状体分別方法および柱状体分別装置に関する。
本願は、２０１２年３月１９日に、日本に出願された特願２０１２−０６２１１４号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。The present invention relates to a columnar body sorting method and a columnar body sorting apparatus for sorting two types of columnar bodies having different lengths and thicknesses.
This application claims priority on March 19, 2012 based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-062114 for which it applied to Japan, and uses the content for it here.

固体触媒を用いた反応においては、通常、反応器の内部に、固体触媒の柱状体と、反応を調整するための希釈用の柱状体とが充填されることがある。反応活性が低下した固体触媒は、交換のために反応器から取り出され、近年では廃棄処分されずに再生されてリサイクルされる。しかし、使用済みの固体触媒をリサイクルするためには、希釈用の柱状体と分別する必要がある。
２種の柱状体同士を分別する装置としては、例えば、円筒状の篩と、その篩を回転させる駆動手段と、前記篩の内周面側に２種の柱状体を供給する供給手段とを備えるものが知られている（特許文献１）。
また、柱状体を分別する篩としては、その開口孔が丸孔のものが一般的であるが、特許文献２には、六角孔、三角孔、四角孔等の開口孔が開示されている（特許文献２）。In a reaction using a solid catalyst, a solid catalyst columnar body and a diluting columnar body for adjusting the reaction are usually filled in the reactor. The solid catalyst having a reduced reaction activity is taken out of the reactor for exchange, and in recent years, it is regenerated and recycled without being disposed of. However, in order to recycle the used solid catalyst, it is necessary to separate it from the columnar body for dilution.
As an apparatus for separating two kinds of columnar bodies, for example, a cylindrical sieve, a driving means for rotating the sieve, and a supply means for supplying two kinds of columnar bodies to the inner peripheral surface side of the sieve are provided. What is provided is known (patent document 1).
In addition, as a sieve for separating columnar bodies, those having round holes are generally used, but Patent Document 2 discloses opening holes such as hexagonal holes, triangular holes, and square holes ( Patent Document 2).

特開平９−１２３１６５号公報JP-A-9-123165 特開平１０−８４８０５号公報JP-A-10-84805

ところで、上記固体触媒の柱状体と希釈用の柱状体とは、長さおよび太さの違いが僅かでほぼ同じ形状になっている場合がある。そのような場合、特許文献１に記載の分別装置では、２種の柱状体同士を分別することは困難であった。また、長さおよび太さの違いが僅かな２種の柱状体同士の分別に特許文献２に記載の篩を用いても、充分に分別できなかった。
本発明は、長さおよび太さが互いに異なる２種の柱状体同士、特に、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体同士を充分に分別できる柱状体分別方法および柱状体分別装置を提供することを目的とする。By the way, the columnar body of the solid catalyst and the columnar body for dilution may have almost the same shape with a slight difference in length and thickness. In such a case, it is difficult for the sorting device described in Patent Document 1 to sort the two types of columnar bodies. Moreover, even if the sieve described in Patent Document 2 was used to separate the two types of columnar bodies having a slight difference in length and thickness, it could not be sufficiently separated.
The present invention relates to a columnar body separation method and a columnar body separation apparatus capable of sufficiently separating two types of columnar bodies having different lengths and thicknesses, in particular, two types of columnar bodies having a slight difference in length and diameter. The purpose is to provide.

本発明は、以下の態様を有する。
［１］ 第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行な第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを、下記（Ｉ）および（ＩＩ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を用いて分別する柱状体分別方法。
（Ｉ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の第１の端面および第２の端面に平行な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＩ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。
［２］ 第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行ではない第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを、下記（ＩＩＩ）および（ＩＶ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を用いて分別する柱状体分別方法。
（ＩＩＩ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の側面において第１の端面と第２の端面との距離が最も長い直線に対して垂直な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＶ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。
［３］ 開口孔が六角形である、［１］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［４］ 開口孔が六角形である、［２］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［５］ 開口孔が長穴形である、［１］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［６］ 開口孔が長穴形である、［２］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［７］ 開口孔が、下記条件（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす、［３］または［４］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
（ａ）開口孔の、互いに対向する一対の辺が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔のいずれかの辺Ｓ１と該辺Ｓ１に平行な辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、第１の柱状体の直径および長さよりも大きく、且つ、第２の柱状体の直径よりも小さくなっている。
（ｃ）前記Ｗの方向をＸ方向、前記辺Ｓ１と平行な方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とした際に、前記辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、第１の柱状体が、その軸方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔に挿入され、軸方向の中央に回転軸が設けられたときに、第１の柱状体の軸がＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
（ｄ）前記ＬＡおよび前記ＬＢは、第２の柱状体を、その軸方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔上に配置した際に、開口孔を通過不能な長さになっている。
［８］ 第１の柱状体および第２の柱状体がそれぞれ円柱体である、［７］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［９］ 前記篩が円筒状の篩であり、該円筒状の篩の内周面側に前記２種の柱状体を供給し、前記円筒状の篩を回転させる、［１］から［８］のいずれか１項に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［１０］ 前記第１の柱状体および前記第２の柱状体の少なくとも一方から生じて前記円筒状の篩の内周面に付着したスケールを除去する、［９］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［１１］ 前記円筒状の篩の内周面にブラシを接触させてスケールを除去する、［１０］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［１２］ 前記円筒状の篩をハンマーで叩いてスケールを除去する、［１０］に記載の柱状体分別方法。
［１３］ 下記（Ｉ）および（ＩＩ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を備えて、第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行な第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する柱状体分別装置。
（Ｉ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の第１の端面および第２の端面に平行な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＩ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。
［１４］ 下記（ＩＩＩ）および（ＩＶ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を備えて、第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行ではない第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する柱状体分別装置。
（ＩＩＩ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の側面において第１の端面と第２の端面との距離が最も長い直線に対して垂直な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＶ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において該第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。
［１５］ 開口孔が六角形状であり、下記条件（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす、［１３］または［１４］に記載の柱状体分別装置。
（ａ）開口孔の、互いに対向する一対の辺が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔のいずれかの辺Ｓ１と該辺Ｓ１に平行な辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、第１の柱状体の直径および長さよりも大きく、且つ、第２の柱状体の直径よりも小さくなっている。
（ｃ）前記Ｗの方向をＸ方向、前記辺Ｓ１と平行な方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とした際に、前記辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、第１の柱状体が、その軸方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔に挿入され、軸方向の中央に回転軸が設けられたときに、第１の柱状体の軸がＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
（ｄ）前記ＬＡおよび前記ＬＢは、第２の柱状体を、その軸方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔上に配置した際に、開口孔を通過不能な長さになっている。The present invention has the following aspects.
[1] A first columnar body in which the first end surface and the second end surface are parallel to each other, and a second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body, the following (I) and A columnar body separation method in which separation is performed using a sieve in which opening holes satisfying (II) are formed.
(I) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening face of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A passing through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and parallel to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, When the first columnar body is rotated around the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body 360 does not contact the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. ° Opening hole with a shape that can rotate.
(II) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body rotated 360 ° around the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness.
[2] A first columnar body in which the first end surface and the second end surface are not parallel to each other, and a second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body are represented by the following (III) And a columnar body separation method in which separation is performed using a sieve in which opening holes satisfying (IV) are formed.
(III) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening surface of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
An imaginary rotation axis A that passes through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and is perpendicular to the straight line having the longest distance between the first end surface and the second end surface on the side surface of the first columnar body is defined as an XY plane. When the first columnar body is rotated about the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body does not depend on the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. The columnar body is an opening having a shape that can rotate 360 ° without contacting the sieve.
(IV) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body when rotated 360 ° about the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness.
[3] The columnar body separation method according to [1], wherein the opening holes are hexagonal.
[4] The columnar body separation method according to [2], wherein the opening holes are hexagonal.
[5] The columnar body separation method according to [1], wherein the opening hole has a long hole shape.
[6] The columnar body separation method according to [2], wherein the opening hole has a long hole shape.
[7] The columnar body separation method according to [3] or [4], wherein the opening holes satisfy all of the following conditions (a) to (d).
(A) A pair of opposite sides of the opening hole are parallel and have the same length.
(B) the distance W between the side S 2 parallel to any side S 1 and該辺S 1 of the opening hole is larger than the diameter and length of the first columnar body, and, in the second columnar body It is smaller than the diameter.
(C) When the direction of W is the X direction, the direction parallel to the side S 1 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the length L A of the side S 1 , maximum length L B and the hexagonal Y-direction, first columnar body, its axial direction is inserted into the opening hole so as to be parallel to the Z-direction, the rotation axis is provided at the center in the axial direction Sometimes, the axis of the first columnar body has a length that can be rotated along the YZ plane.
(D) The L A and the L B have such a length that the second columnar body cannot pass through the opening hole when the second columnar body is disposed on the opening hole so that the axial direction thereof is along the X direction. .
[8] The columnar body sorting method according to [7], wherein each of the first columnar body and the second columnar body is a cylindrical body.
[9] The sieve is a cylindrical sieve, the two types of columnar bodies are supplied to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical sieve, and the cylindrical sieve is rotated. [1] to [8] The columnar body separation method according to any one of the above.
[10] The columnar body sorting method according to [9], wherein scales generated from at least one of the first columnar body and the second columnar body and attached to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve are removed.
[11] The columnar body separation method according to [10], wherein the scale is removed by bringing a brush into contact with an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve.
[12] The columnar body separation method according to [10], wherein the scale is removed by hitting the cylindrical sieve with a hammer.
[13] A first columnar body having a sieve in which an opening satisfying the following (I) and (II) is formed, the first end face and the second end face being parallel to each other, and the length and thickness A columnar body sorting device that separates a second columnar body that is larger than the first columnar body.
(I) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening face of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A passing through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and parallel to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, When the first columnar body is rotated around the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body 360 does not contact the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. ° Opening hole with a shape that can rotate.
(II) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body rotated 360 ° around the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness.
[14] A first columnar body including a sieve in which an opening hole satisfying the following (III) and (IV) is formed, the first end face and the second end face being not parallel to each other, and the length and thickness A columnar body sorting apparatus that separates a second columnar body that is larger than the first columnar body.
(III) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening surface of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
An imaginary rotation axis A that passes through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and is perpendicular to the straight line having the longest distance between the first end surface and the second end surface on the side surface of the first columnar body is defined as an XY plane. When the first columnar body is rotated about the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body does not depend on the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. The columnar body is an opening having a shape that can rotate 360 ° without contacting the sieve.
(IV) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body when rotated 360 ° about the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the aperture holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is defined as D, the minimum value of D is the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than length and thickness.
[15] The columnar body separation device according to [13] or [14], wherein the opening hole has a hexagonal shape and satisfies all of the following conditions (a) to (d).
(A) A pair of opposite sides of the opening hole are parallel and have the same length.
(B) the distance W between the side S 2 parallel to any side S 1 and該辺S 1 of the opening hole is larger than the diameter and length of the first columnar body, and, in the second columnar body It is smaller than the diameter.
(C) When the direction of W is the X direction, the direction parallel to the side S 1 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the length L A of the side S 1 , maximum length L B and the hexagonal Y-direction, first columnar body, its axial direction is inserted into the opening hole so as to be parallel to the Z-direction, the rotation axis is provided at the center in the axial direction Sometimes, the axis of the first columnar body has a length that can be rotated along the YZ plane.
(D) The L A and the L B have such a length that the second columnar body cannot pass through the opening hole when the second columnar body is disposed on the opening hole so that the axial direction thereof is along the X direction. .

本発明の柱状体分別方法および柱状体分別装置によれば、長さおよび太さが互いに異なる２種の柱状体同士、特に、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体同士を充分に分別できる。   According to the columnar body separation method and the columnar body separation device of the present invention, two types of columnar bodies having different lengths and thicknesses, particularly, two types of columnar bodies having a slight difference in length and diameter are sufficiently obtained. Can be separated.

本発明の柱状体分別装置の一実施形態を示す模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram showing one embodiment of a columnar object separation device of the present invention. 図１のＩ−Ｉ’断面図である。It is I-I 'sectional drawing of FIG. 図１に示す柱状体分別装置を構成する円筒篩の開口孔を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the opening hole of the cylindrical sieve which comprises the columnar body sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する斜視図である。It is a perspective view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図９のII−II’断面図である。It is II-II 'sectional drawing of FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図１１のIII−III’断面図である。FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III ′ of FIG. 11. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図１３のIV−IV’断面図である。It is IV-IV 'sectional drawing of FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 図３に示す開口孔について説明する平面図である。It is a top view explaining the opening hole shown in FIG. 開口孔の他の例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the other example of an opening hole. 実施例１の開口孔の配置を示す平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the arrangement of aperture holes in Example 1. 実施例３の開口孔の配置を示す平面図である。6 is a plan view showing the arrangement of aperture holes in Example 3. FIG. 比較例１の開口孔の配置を示す平面図である。6 is a plan view showing the arrangement of aperture holes in Comparative Example 1. FIG.

＜柱状体分別装置＞
本発明の柱状体分別装置の一実施形態について説明する。
図１および図２に、本実施形態の柱状体分別装置を示す。本実施形態の柱状体分別装置１は、第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する装置であって、円筒篩１０と駆動手段２０と柱状体供給手段３０と目詰まり除去手段４０とスケール除去手段５０とを備える。<Columnar body separation device>
An embodiment of the columnar body sorting apparatus of the present invention will be described.
1 and 2 show a columnar body sorting apparatus according to this embodiment. The columnar body sorting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is a device that sorts a first columnar body and a second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body, and a cylindrical sieve 10 and The driving unit 20, the columnar body supplying unit 30, the clogging removing unit 40, and the scale removing unit 50 are provided.

円筒篩１０は、周面１１に六角形状の開口孔Ｈ１（図３参照）が形成された円筒体である。なお、図１においては、開口孔Ｈ１を拡大して記載している。
円筒篩１０の材質としては特に制限されず、金属であってもよいし、樹脂であってもよい。
また、本実施形態における円筒篩１０には、駆動手段２０の駆動力を受ける歯車１２が周面１１に設けられている。The cylindrical sieve 10 is a cylindrical body in which a hexagonal opening hole H 1 (see FIG. 3) is formed on the peripheral surface 11. Incidentally, in FIG. 1 describes an enlarged opening hole H 1.
The material of the cylindrical sieve 10 is not particularly limited, and may be a metal or a resin.
Further, the cylindrical screen 10 in the present embodiment is provided with a gear 12 that receives the driving force of the driving means 20 on the peripheral surface 11.

第１の柱状体が、第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行な柱状体である場合には、下記（Ｉ）および（ＩＩ）を満たす開口孔Ｈ１が形成された円筒篩１０を用いて、第１の柱状体と第２の柱状体とを分別すればよい。
（Ｉ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の第１の端面および第２の端面に平行な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＩ）図４，５に示すように、仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体Ｃ１を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域Ｇとし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域Ｇを挟んで対向する、開口孔Ｈ１の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。
なお、第１の柱状体の第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行なものとは、第１の端面と第２の端面との角度が１８０°のものに限らず、１８０°±５°以内のものを含む。First columnar body, when the first and second end faces are parallel columnar body to each other, a cylindrical sieve 10 in which the opening hole H 1 is formed to satisfy the following (I) and (II) And the first columnar body and the second columnar body may be separated.
(I) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening face of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A passing through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and parallel to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, When the first columnar body is rotated around the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body 360 does not contact the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. ° Opening hole with a shape that can rotate.
(II) As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by projecting the first columnar body C 1 rotated 360 ° around the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A the area formed by the first columnar body passage region G, when opposite to each other across the first columnar body passage region G in the direction of the virtual rotation axis a, the distance edge between the opening hole H 1 is represented by D In addition, the minimum value of D is an opening hole shorter than the length and thickness of the second columnar body.
The first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body are parallel to each other, not only the angle between the first end surface and the second end surface is 180 °, but 180 ° ± 5. Including those within °.

第１の柱状体が、第１の端面と第２の端面が互い平行ではない柱状体である場合には、下記（ＩＩＩ）および（ＩＶ）を満たす開口孔Ｈ１が形成された円筒篩１０を用いて、第１の柱状体と第２の柱状体とを分別すればよい。
（ＩＩＩ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の側面の最も長い部分に垂直な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＶ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、該第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで相対する開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。First columnar body, when the first and second end faces are columnar body are not parallel to each other, the cylindrical sieve 10 the openings H 1 satisfying the following (III) and (IV) is formed And the first columnar body and the second columnar body may be separated.
(III) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening surface of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A that passes through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and is perpendicular to the longest portion of the side surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, and the virtual rotation axis When the first columnar body is rotated around A, the first columnar body can rotate 360 ° without contacting the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. It is an opening hole of a shape.
(IV) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body when rotated 360 ° about the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage area is D, the minimum value of D is shorter than the length and thickness of the second columnar body. It is.

開口孔Ｈ１は下記（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす六角形状の孔が好ましい。
（ａ）開口孔Ｈ１の、互いに対向する一対の辺（辺Ｓ１と辺Ｓ２、辺Ｓ３と辺Ｓ４、辺Ｓ５と辺Ｓ６）が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔Ｈ１のいずれかの辺Ｓ１と該辺Ｓ１に平行な辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、第１の柱状体Ｃ１の太さＤＣ１および長さＬＣ１よりも大きくなっている（図６、７参照）。また、距離Ｗは、第２の柱状体Ｃ２の太さＤＣ２よりも小さくなっている（図８参照）。
（ｃ）前記Ｗの方向をＸ方向、前記辺Ｓ１と平行な方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とした際に、前記辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、第１の柱状体Ｃ１が、図９、１０に示すように、その軸Ｑの方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔Ｈ１に挿入され、軸Ｑの方向の中央に回転軸Ｐが設けられたときに、図１１、１２および図１３、１４に示すように、第１の柱状体Ｃ１の軸ＱがＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
なお、図１１、１２は、図９、１０の第１の柱状体Ｃ１を、傾くように回転させた状態であり、図１３、１４は、図９、１０の第１の柱状体Ｃ１を９０°回転させた状態である。
（ｄ）前記ＬＡおよび前記ＬＢは、第２の柱状体Ｃ２を、その軸Ｑの方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔Ｈ１上に配置した際に、開口孔Ｈ１を通過不能な長さになっている。図１５に示すように、第２の柱状体Ｃ２の太さＤＣ２が前記ＬＡよりも短く且つ第２の柱状体Ｃ２の長さＬＣ２が前記Ｗよりも長ければ、第２の柱状体Ｃ２は開口孔Ｈ１を通過不能になる。また、図１６に示すように、第２の柱状体Ｃ２の太さＤＣ２が前記ＬＡと同等以上で且つ第２の柱状体Ｃ２の長さＬＣ２が前記Ｗよりも短い場合でも、ＬＡおよびＬＢによっては第２の柱状体Ｃ２の両端部側が開口孔Ｈ１の縁に引っ掛かるため、第２の柱状体Ｃ２が通過不能になることがある。
上記（ａ）〜（ｄ）の少なくとも１つの条件を満たさない場合には、第１の柱状体Ｃ１と第２の柱状体Ｃ２との分別が困難になる。
また、本実施形態においては、辺Ｓ１が円筒篩１０の周方向に沿うように開口孔Ｈ１が形成されている。Openings H 1 is hexagonal hole satisfying all the following conditions (a) ~ (d) are preferred.
(A) A pair of opposite sides (side S 1 and side S 2 , side S 3 and side S 4 , side S 5 and side S 6 ) of the opening hole H 1 are parallel and have the same length. ing.
(B) the distance W between one side S 1 and該辺S side S 2 parallel to the first opening hole H 1 is than the first columnar body C 1 Thickness D C1 and a length L C1 It is larger (see FIGS. 6 and 7). The distance W is smaller than the thickness D C2 of the second columnar body C 2 (see FIG. 8).
(C) When the direction of W is the X direction, the direction parallel to the side S 1 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the length L A of the side S 1 , and the maximum length L B in the hexagonal Y-direction, the first columnar body C 1, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the opening hole H 1 so that the direction is parallel to the Z direction of the axis Q is inserted into, when the rotation axis P is provided at the center in the direction of axis Q, as shown in FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 and 14, the first axis Q of the columnar body C 1 is Y-Z plane It is a length that can be rotated along
Incidentally, 11 and 12, the first columnar body C 1 in FIG. 9 and 10, a state of being rotated to tilt, 13 and 14, the first columnar body C 1 9 and 10 Is rotated 90 degrees.
(D) The L A and the L B pass through the opening hole H 1 when the second columnar body C 2 is arranged on the opening hole H 1 so that the direction of the axis Q is along the X direction. The length is impossible. As shown in FIG. 15, the longer than the second columnar body C 2 of thickness D C2 is the L shorter than the A and the second length L C2 is the W of the columnar body C 2, of the second columnar body C 2 will not pass through the opening hole H 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, even if the second columnar body C of thickness D C2 is the 2 L A and a length L C2 of and at equal or higher than the second columnar body C 2 is shorter than the W , by the L a and L B for both end sides of the second columnar body C 2 is caught by the edge of the opening hole H 1, may be the second columnar body C 2 becomes not pass through.
If not satisfied at least one of the above conditions (a) ~ (d) it is separated in the first columnar body C 1 and the second columnar body C 2 becomes difficult.
In the present embodiment, the opening hole H 1 is formed so that the side S 1 is along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical sieve 10.

駆動手段２０は、円筒篩１０を回転させるためのものであり、通常は、モータを駆動源としたものが使用される。駆動手段２０の駆動力は、歯車２１を介して円筒篩１０に伝達される。
柱状体供給手段３０は、円筒篩１０の内周面側に２種の柱状体をタンク３１から供給するものである。本実施形態における柱状体供給手段３０は、タンク３１から２種の柱状体を定量フィーダ３２で円筒篩１０に供給するものである。
目詰まり除去手段４０は、回転可能な複数の円盤４１が、各々、円筒篩１０の回転方向と平行に配置され、周面が円筒篩１０に接触するように軸４２に設けられたものである。
本実施形態では、目詰まり除去手段４０は、円筒篩１０の上部に接触するように設けられている。なお、図１においては、円盤４１を拡大して記載している。円盤４１の材質としては特に限定はされず、金属であってもよいし、樹脂およびゴム製であってもよい。
スケール除去手段５０は、円筒篩１０の内周面に接触するブラシである。本実施形態では、スケール除去手段５０が、円筒篩１０の内周面の、回転時に上昇するように移動する部分に接触している。The drive means 20 is for rotating the cylindrical sieve 10, and normally a motor is used as the drive source. The driving force of the driving means 20 is transmitted to the cylindrical sieve 10 via the gear 21.
The columnar body supply means 30 supplies two types of columnar bodies from the tank 31 to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical sieve 10. The columnar body supplying means 30 in the present embodiment supplies two types of columnar bodies from the tank 31 to the cylindrical sieve 10 by the quantitative feeder 32.
The clogging removing means 40 is provided on the shaft 42 such that a plurality of rotatable disks 41 are arranged in parallel with the rotation direction of the cylindrical sieve 10 and the peripheral surface is in contact with the cylindrical sieve 10. .
In this embodiment, the clogging removing means 40 is provided so as to contact the upper part of the cylindrical sieve 10. In addition, in FIG. 1, the disk 41 is expanded and described. The material of the disk 41 is not particularly limited, and may be a metal, resin, or rubber.
The scale removing means 50 is a brush that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve 10. In the present embodiment, the scale removing means 50 is in contact with the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve 10 that moves so as to rise during rotation.

＜柱状体分別方法＞
上記柱状体分別装置１を用いて、第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する方法について説明する。
本実施形態の柱状体分別装置では、まず、柱状体供給手段３０を用いて、円筒篩１０の内周面側に２種の柱状体を供給し、駆動手段２０を駆動させ、歯車２１，１２を介して円筒篩１０を回転させる。これにより、回転する円筒篩１０の内周面側の下部で２種の柱状体を篩って、第１の柱状体を選択的に開口孔Ｈ１に通過させる。開口孔Ｈ１を通過した第１の柱状体は例えば容器で受け取って回収し、開口孔Ｈ１を通過しなかった第２の柱状体は、円筒篩１０の回転を停止させた後、取り出して回収する。もしくは、円筒篩１０の回転を停止させずに、円筒篩１０の柱状体供給側の反対側の開口から連続的に、第２の柱状体を排出させて回収してもよい。そのとき、第２の柱状体の排出を促すために、装置全体を０．１〜２０°程度、柱状体供給側が高くなるように傾けてもよい。
円筒篩１０を回転させて２種の柱状体を篩っている際には、開口孔Ｈ１に柱状体が目詰まりすることがあるが、本実施形態では、目詰まり除去手段４０の回転する円盤４１によって、目詰まりした柱状体を円筒篩１０の内周面側に押し込んで戻すことにより、目詰まりを解消する。
また、円筒篩１０を回転させて２種の柱状体を篩っている際には、前記第１の柱状体および前記第２の柱状体の少なくとも一方から生じたスケールが円筒篩１０の内周面に付着することがあるが、本実施形態では、ブラシからなるスケール除去手段５０が、円筒篩１０の内周面に付着したスケールを掻き取って除去する。また、適宜、ハンマーを用いて円筒篩１０を叩いてスケールを除去してもよい。<Columnar separation method>
A method for separating the first columnar body and the second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body using the columnar body sorting apparatus 1 will be described.
In the columnar body sorting apparatus of this embodiment, first, using the columnar body supply means 30, two types of columnar bodies are supplied to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical sieve 10, the driving means 20 is driven, and the gears 21 and 12 are driven. The cylindrical sieve 10 is rotated through Thus, sieved the two pillars at the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve 10 rotating, selectively passes the opening hole H 1 of the first columnar body. The first columnar body that has passed through the opening hole H 1 is received and collected by, for example, a container, and the second columnar body that has not passed through the opening hole H 1 is taken out after stopping the rotation of the cylindrical sieve 10. to recover. Alternatively, the second columnar body may be continuously discharged from the opening on the side opposite to the columnar body supply side of the cylindrical sieve 10 and recovered without stopping the rotation of the cylindrical sieve 10. At that time, in order to promote the discharge of the second columnar body, the entire apparatus may be tilted by about 0.1 to 20 ° so that the columnar body supply side becomes higher.
When a cylindrical sieve 10 is rotated and sieved to two pillars, columnar body openings H 1 is but sometimes clogged, in the present embodiment, the rotation of the clogging removal means 40 The clogged columnar body is pushed back to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical sieve 10 by the disk 41 to eliminate the clogging.
Further, when the two types of columnar bodies are sieved by rotating the cylindrical sieve 10, the scale generated from at least one of the first columnar body and the second columnar body is the inner circumference of the cylindrical sieve 10. In this embodiment, the scale removing unit 50 made of a brush scrapes off and removes the scale attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve 10. Further, the scale may be removed by hitting the cylindrical sieve 10 with a hammer as appropriate.

上記柱状体分別装置が適用される２種の柱状体としては、円柱体、四角柱体、三角柱体、五角柱体、六角柱体等が挙げられる。これらのなかでも、多く使用されるのは、円柱体である。
２種の円柱体としては、例えば、固体触媒の円柱体と希釈用の円柱体（例えば、セラミックス円柱体、金属円柱体等）とが挙げられる。
なお、本発明において、円柱体とは、バネ等の円筒体も含む。
第１の円柱体は、長さ／直径の比率が０．２〜５のものが好ましい。
第２の円柱体の直径と第１の円柱体の直径との比率（第２の円柱体の直径／第１の円柱体の直径）は、１．０５〜６．００であることが好ましい。
第２の円柱体の長さと第１の円柱体の直径との比率（第２の円柱体の長さ／第１の円柱体の直径）は、１．０５〜６．００であることが好ましい。
本発明において、柱状体が円柱体である場合、柱状体の太さとは、円柱体の直径のことである。柱状体が角柱体である場合、柱状体の太さとは、角柱体の長さ方向に対して垂直な断面であって最も面積が大きい面における外接円の直径のことである。Examples of the two columnar bodies to which the columnar body sorting apparatus is applied include a cylindrical body, a quadrangular columnar body, a triangular columnar body, a pentagonal columnar body, and a hexagonal columnar body. Among these, a cylinder is often used.
Examples of the two types of cylinders include a solid catalyst cylinder and a dilution cylinder (for example, a ceramic cylinder, a metal cylinder, etc.).
In the present invention, the column includes a cylinder such as a spring.
The first cylindrical body preferably has a length / diameter ratio of 0.2 to 5.
The ratio of the diameter of the second cylindrical body to the diameter of the first cylindrical body (the diameter of the second cylindrical body / the diameter of the first cylindrical body) is preferably 1.05 to 6.00.
The ratio between the length of the second cylindrical body and the diameter of the first cylindrical body (the length of the second cylindrical body / the diameter of the first cylindrical body) is preferably 1.05 to 6.00. .
In the present invention, when the columnar body is a columnar body, the thickness of the columnar body is the diameter of the columnar body. When the columnar body is a prismatic body, the thickness of the columnar body is a diameter of a circumscribed circle in a plane that is a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the prismatic body and has the largest area.

上記実施形態では、篩の開口孔Ｈ１の形状が上記（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす六角形であるため、長さおよび太さが異なる２種の柱状体同士、特に、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体同士を充分に分別できる。
また、上記実施形態では、篩が、回転する円筒篩１０であるため、容易に連続分別でき、しかも柱状体分別装置１をコンパクト化しやすい。In the above embodiment, since the shape of the opening hole H 1 of the sieve is a hexagonal satisfying all of the above conditions (a) ~ (d), 2 kinds of columnar bodies that length and thickness are different, in particular, the length Two types of cylinders having a slight difference in thickness and diameter can be sufficiently separated.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, since the sieve is the rotating cylindrical sieve 10, it can be easily separated continuously and it is easy to make the columnar body sorting apparatus 1 compact.

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されない。例えば、柱状体供給手段は、タンクの下部に取り付けたバルブを開けた際に２種の柱状体の自重でタンクから落下して円筒篩に供給するものであってもよい。目詰まり除去手段は、複数の突っつき棒が開口孔に対応するように櫛状に配置されたものであってもよい。
また、本発明の柱状体分別装置は、柱状体供給手段、目詰まり除去手段、スケール除去手段を備えていなくても構わない。柱状体供給手段を備えない場合には、作業者が円筒篩に２種の柱状体を供給すればよく、目詰まり除去手段を備えない場合には、一旦装置を停止して作業者が目詰まりを除去すればよく、スケール除去手段を備えない場合には、一旦装置を停止して作業者がスケールを除去すればよい。
また、上記柱状体分別装置は１個である必要はなく、２個以上を直列に接続しても構わない。
また、篩は必ずしも円筒状である必要はなく、平板状であってもよい。平板状の篩の場合には、該篩が傾斜し且つ振動することが好ましい。In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the columnar body supplying means may be one that drops from the tank due to the weight of two types of columnar bodies when the valve attached to the lower part of the tank is opened and supplies it to the cylindrical sieve. The clogging removing means may be arranged in a comb shape so that the plurality of bumping bars correspond to the opening holes.
Moreover, the columnar body sorting apparatus of the present invention may not include the columnar body supply unit, the clogging removal unit, and the scale removal unit. If the columnar body supply means is not provided, the operator only needs to supply two types of columnar bodies to the cylindrical sieve. If the columnar body supply means is not provided, the operator temporarily stops and the operator is clogged. If the scale removing means is not provided, the apparatus is temporarily stopped and the operator can remove the scale.
Moreover, the said columnar body separation apparatus does not need to be one, and may connect two or more in series.
Moreover, the sieve does not necessarily need to be cylindrical, and may be flat. In the case of a flat sieve, the sieve is preferably inclined and vibrated.

篩に形成される開口孔は、上記六角形のものに限定されず、図１７に示すような開口孔Ｈ２〜Ｈ１３であってもよい。
なお、開口孔が六角形でない場合は、Ｙ方向が開口孔における長手方向と平行な方向には限定されず、Ｓ１〜Ｓ４は開口孔が六角形であるときのＳ１〜Ｓ４とは無関係である。
開口孔Ｈ２は、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが共に直線状で、第３の辺Ｓ３に近接するにつれて互いの間隔が狭くなっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ３は矩形状であり、角が９０°で屈曲している孔である。
開口孔Ｈ４は八角形状の孔である。
開口孔Ｈ５は五角形状であって、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが互いに平行な直線状になっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ６は長穴形状の孔であって、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが互いに平行な直線状になっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ７は矩形状であるが、角が曲線状になっている。
開口孔Ｈ８は、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが互いに平行な直線状になっており、第３の辺Ｓ３が曲線状、第４の辺Ｓ４が直線状の孔である。なお、本発明における開口孔が六角形でない場合、第１の辺Ｓ１と第３辺Ｓ３または第４辺Ｓ４との境界、第２の辺Ｓ２と第３辺Ｓ３または第４辺Ｓ４との境界は、Ｘ−Ｙ平面において、辺の方向が変化する部分である。
開口孔Ｈ９は第１の辺Ｓ１および第２の辺Ｓ２が波状になっており、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２の間隔が一定になっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ１０は第１の辺Ｓ１および第２の辺Ｓ２がジグザグ状で、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２の間隔が周期的に変化する孔である。
開口孔Ｈ１１は第１の辺Ｓ１および第２の辺Ｓ２がジグザグ状になっており、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２の間隔が一定になっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ１２は五角形状であって、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが、第３の辺Ｓ３に近接するにつれて互いの間隔が狭くなっている孔である。
開口孔Ｈ１３は六角形状であるが、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とがやや外側に膨らんだような曲線状になっている孔である。
上記開口孔Ｈ１〜Ｈ１３は、Ｙ方向がＸ方向よりも長い孔である。開口孔Ｈ１〜Ｈ１３のＹ方向がＸ方向よりも長いと、長さおよび太さが僅かに異なる２種の柱状体同士をより分別しやすくなる。
また、長穴形状の開口孔は、六角形状の開口孔と同様に、分別性が高くなることから、好ましい。ただし、長穴形状とは、開口孔Ｈ６のような、第１の辺Ｓ１と第２の辺Ｓ２とが互いに平行な直線状になっている必要はなく、例えば、楕円形状も長穴形状に含まれる。The opening holes formed in the sieve are not limited to the hexagonal ones, but may be opening holes H 2 to H 13 as shown in FIG.
When the opening hole is not hexagonal, the Y direction is not limited to a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the opening hole, and S 1 to S 4 are S 1 to S 4 when the opening hole is hexagonal. Is irrelevant.
The opening hole H 2 is a hole in which the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 are both linear, and the interval between the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 becomes narrower as it approaches the third side S 3 .
Opening hole H 3 has a rectangular shape, a hole corners are bent at 90 °.
Openings H 4 is a hole of octagonal.
Opening hole H 5 is a pentagonal shape, a hole first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is in mutually parallel straight.
Opening hole H 6 is a hole in the elongated hole shape is a hole in which the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is in mutually parallel straight.
Opening hole H 7 is a rectangular shape, the corners becomes curved.
Opening hole H 8, the first side S 1 and has become a second side S 2 and are mutually parallel straight third side S 3 is curved, the fourth side S 4 is straight It is a hole. When the opening hole in the present invention is not hexagonal, the boundary between the first side S 1 and the third side S 3 or the fourth side S 4 , the second side S 2 and the third side S 3 or the fourth side. the boundary between the side S 4, in the X-Y plane, a portion where the direction of the edges are changed.
The opening hole H 9 is a hole in which the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 are wavy and the distance between the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is constant.
Opening hole H 10 is a hole in which the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is in a zigzag shape, the distance between the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is changed periodically.
Openings H 11 has become the first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is zigzag, is the hole first side S 1 and the second gap side S 2 is constant .
Opening hole H 12 is a pentagonal shape, a first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is a hole that the space becomes narrower as closer to the third side S 3.
Openings H 13 is a hexagonal shape, a hole first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is slightly turned bulging such curved outwardly.
The opening holes H 1 to H 13 are holes whose Y direction is longer than the X direction. When the Y direction of the opening holes H 1 to H 13 is longer than the X direction, it becomes easier to separate two types of columnar bodies having slightly different lengths and thicknesses.
In addition, the elongated hole-shaped opening hole is preferable because the separability is improved similarly to the hexagonal-shaped opening hole. However, the long hole shape, such as opening hole H 6, it is not necessary to first side S 1 and the second side S 2 is in mutually parallel straight example, elliptical shape long Included in hole shape.

（実施例１）
図１および図２に示す柱状体分別装置１であって、図３における開口孔Ｈ１のＷが５．５ｍｍ、ＬＡが４．５ｍｍ、ＬＢが１３．５ｍｍの六角形の円筒篩１０を用いて、触媒円柱体（直径５ｍｍ、長さ５ｍｍ）と、円柱体であるステンレス製バネ（直径（外径）６ｍｍ、長さ６ｍｍ）とを分別した。
なお、使用した円筒篩１０の前記寸法の開口孔Ｈ１は、（ａ）〜（ｄ）を満たすものである。すなわち、
（ａ）開口孔Ｈ１の、互いに対向する一対の辺（辺Ｓ１と辺Ｓ２、辺Ｓ３と辺Ｓ４、辺Ｓ５と辺Ｓ６）が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔Ｈ１の辺Ｓ１と辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、触媒円柱体の直径および長さよりも大きく、且つ、バネの直径よりも小さくなっている。
（ｃ）辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、触媒円柱体が、その軸方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔Ｈ１に挿入され、軸方向の中央に回転軸Ｐが設けられたときに、触媒円柱体の軸ＱがＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
（ｄ）ＬＡおよびＬＢは、バネを、その軸方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔Ｈ１上に配置した際に、開口孔Ｈ１を通過不能な長さになっている。
本例における開口孔Ｈ１は、図１８に示すように、Ｘ方向の配列およびＹ方向の配列が共に直列に配置されている。
円柱体の分別は、具体的には、駆動手段２０を用いて円筒篩１０を回転させながら、柱状体供給手段３０を用いて円筒篩１０の内周面側に２種の円柱体を供給し、バネが円筒篩１０内に残り、触媒円柱体が開口孔Ｈ１を通過するように分別した。
そして、円筒篩に供給した触媒円柱体のうち円筒篩を通過した触媒円柱体の質量をａ、円筒篩内に残留した触媒円柱体の質量をｂとして、
（円筒篩を通過した触媒円柱体の割合Ａ）＝ａ／（ａ＋ｂ）×１００［質量％］、
（円筒篩内に残留した触媒円柱体の割合Ｂ）＝ｂ／（ａ＋ｂ）×１００［質量％］、
と表し、
円筒篩に供給したバネのうち円筒篩を通過したバネの質量をｃ、円筒篩内に残留したバネの質量をｄとして、
（円筒篩を通過したバネの割合Ｃ）＝ｃ／（ｃ＋ｄ）×１００［質量％］、
（円筒篩内に残留したバネの割合Ｄ）＝ｄ／（ｃ＋ｄ）×１００［質量％］
と表し、以下の分別性指数Ｅで分別性を評価した。
（分別性指数Ｅ）＝（円筒篩を通過した触媒円柱体の割合Ａ）／１００×（円筒篩内に残留したバネの割合Ｄ）／１００
ここで、分別性指数Ｅは、通過させたい物（触媒円柱体）が通過した量（１００％に近いほど良い）×残したい物（バネ）が残った量（１００％に近いほど良い）であるため、１に近いほど良いことになる。０．９０以上ならば分別性良好と判断した。分別性指数Ｅは、０．９５以上であることがより好ましい。
また、円筒篩の全開口孔数に対する目詰まりした開口孔数の割合％も測定した。これらの結果を表１に示す。Example 1
A columnar body sorting apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, 5.5 mm is W of the opening hole H 1 in FIG. 3, L A is 4.5 mm, the cylindrical sieve 10 L B is hexagonal 13.5mm Was used to separate a catalyst cylinder (diameter 5 mm, length 5 mm) from a stainless steel spring (diameter (outer diameter) 6 mm, length 6 mm).
The opening hole H 1 of the dimensions of the cylindrical sieve 10 used are those satisfying the (a) ~ (d). That is,
(A) A pair of opposite sides (side S 1 and side S 2 , side S 3 and side S 4 , side S 5 and side S 6 ) of the opening hole H 1 are parallel and have the same length. ing.
Distance W between the side S 1 and the side S 2 of (b) opening hole H 1 is greater than the diameter and length of the catalyst cylinder and is smaller than the diameter of the spring.
(C) The length L A of the side S 1 and the maximum length L B of the hexagon in the Y direction are inserted into the opening hole H 1 so that the axial direction of the catalyst cylinder is parallel to the Z direction. When the rotation axis P is provided at the center in the axial direction, the length Q of the catalyst cylinder can be rotated along the YZ plane.
(D) L A and L B have such a length that they cannot pass through the opening hole H 1 when the spring is disposed on the opening hole H 1 so that the axial direction thereof is along the X direction.
Openings H 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the sequence and Y directions of the array of X-direction are both arranged in series.
Specifically, the cylinders are separated by supplying two types of cylinders to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical sieve 10 using the columnar body supplying means 30 while rotating the cylindrical sieve 10 using the driving means 20. spring remains in the cylindrical sieve 10, the catalyst cylinder was fractionated to pass through the opening hole H 1.
And, the mass of the catalyst cylinder passing through the cylindrical sieve among the catalyst cylinders supplied to the cylindrical sieve is a, and the mass of the catalyst cylinder remaining in the cylindrical sieve is b,
(Proportion A of the catalyst column that passed through the cylindrical sieve A) = a / (a + b) × 100 [% by mass]
(Proportion B of catalyst cylinder remaining in cylindrical sieve) = b / (a + b) × 100 [mass%]
And
Of the springs supplied to the cylindrical sieve, c is the mass of the spring that has passed through the cylindrical sieve, and d is the mass of the spring remaining in the cylindrical sieve.
(Proportion C of the spring that passed through the cylindrical sieve C) = c / (c + d) × 100 [mass%]
(Proportion D of spring remaining in cylindrical sieve D) = d / (c + d) × 100 [mass%]
The fractionation was evaluated with the following fractionation index E.
(Separability index E) = (ratio A of the catalyst column that has passed through the cylindrical sieve) / 100 × (ratio D of the spring remaining in the cylindrical sieve) / 100
Here, the separability index E is the amount that the object to be passed (catalyst cylinder) has passed (closer to 100% is better) × the amount that the object (spring) to be left is left (closer to 100% is better). Therefore, the closer to 1, the better. If it was 0.90 or more, it was judged that the separability was good. The separability index E is more preferably 0.95 or more.
Further, the ratio% of the number of clogged open holes to the total number of open holes in the cylindrical sieve was also measured. These results are shown in Table 1.

（実施例２）
実施例１と同様の開口孔が形成され、傾斜角度４°で傾斜した平板状の篩を用いて、触媒円柱体（直径５ｍｍ、長さ５ｍｍ）とステンレス製バネ（直径（外径）６ｍｍ、長さ６ｍｍ）とを分別した。分別の最中は、バイブレータを用いて篩を振動させた。そして、実施例１と同様にして、分別性を評価した。結果を表１に示す。
なお、本例では、平板状の篩を使用しているため、分別性指数Ｅは、「円筒篩内に残留した」を「篩上に残留した」に置き換えて求めた。(Example 2)
An opening hole similar to that in Example 1 was formed, and using a plate-shaped sieve inclined at an inclination angle of 4 °, a catalyst cylinder (diameter 5 mm, length 5 mm) and a stainless spring (diameter (outer diameter) 6 mm, 6 mm in length). During the fractionation, the sieve was vibrated using a vibrator. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the separability was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
In this example, since a flat sieve is used, the separability index E is obtained by replacing “residual in the cylindrical sieve” with “residual on the sieve”.

（実施例３）
円筒篩の開口孔を、図１７に示す略長穴形で長孔の開口孔Ｈ６（ＬＡ：５ｍｍ、ＬＢ：２８ｍｍ）にし、図１９に示すように、Ｘ方向の配列がジグザグになるように、Ｙ方向の配列が直列になるように配置したこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、２種の円柱体同士を分別した。そして、実施例１と同様にして、分別性を評価した。結果を表１に示す。(Example 3)
The opening hole of the cylindrical sieve is made into a substantially long hole shape opening hole H 6 (L A : 5 mm, L B : 28 mm) as shown in FIG. 17, and the arrangement in the X direction is zigzag as shown in FIG. In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the arrangement in the Y direction was arranged in series, the two types of cylinders were separated. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the separability was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

（比較例１）
円筒篩の開口孔を真円状の丸孔Ｈ２０（開口直径５ｍｍ）にし、図２０に示すように、Ｘ方向の配列およびＹ方向の配列が共に直列になるように配置したこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、２種の円柱体同士を分別した。そして、実施例１と同様にして、分別性を評価した。結果を表１に示す。(Comparative Example 1)
Implementation was performed except that the opening hole of the cylindrical sieve was a perfect circular hole H 20 (opening diameter 5 mm), and the arrangement in the X direction and the arrangement in the Y direction were both arranged in series as shown in FIG. In the same manner as in Example 1, two types of cylinders were separated. Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, the separability was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2013141121
Figure 2013141121

実施例１，２，３では、分別性指数Ｅが０．９９７、０．９８６、０．９０８であり、１に近かった。すなわち、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体（触媒円柱体、バネ）の分別性に優れていた。
開口孔が丸孔の篩を用いて２種の円柱体を篩った比較例１では、実施例に比較して分別性指数Ｅが０．０８４と小さく、長さおよび直径の違いが僅かな２種の円柱体の分別性が不充分であった。In Examples 1, 2, and 3, the separability index E was 0.997, 0.986, and 0.908, which were close to 1. That is, it was excellent in the separability of two types of cylinders (catalyst cylinders, springs) with a slight difference in length and diameter.
In Comparative Example 1 in which two types of cylindrical bodies were sieved using a sieve having a round hole, the separability index E was as small as 0.084 compared to the Examples, and the difference in length and diameter was slight. The sortability of the two types of cylinders was insufficient.

１ 柱状体分別装置
１０ 円筒篩
１１ 周面
１２ 歯車
２０ 駆動手段
２１ 歯車
３０ 柱状体供給手段
３１ タンク
３２ 定量フィーダ
４０ 目詰まり除去手段
４１ 円盤
４２ 軸
５０ スケール除去手段
Ｈ１〜Ｈ１３ 開口孔1 columnar body separation device 10 the cylindrical sieve 11 the circumferential surface 12 a gear 20 driving means 21 gear 30 columnar body supply unit 31 tank 32 quantitative feeder 40 clogging removal means 41 disk 42 axis 50 scale removing means H 1 to H 13 openings

Claims (15)

第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行な第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを、下記（Ｉ）および（ＩＩ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を用いて分別する柱状体分別方法。
（Ｉ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の第１の端面および第２の端面に平行な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＩ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。A first columnar body in which the first end surface and the second end surface are parallel to each other, and a second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body are represented by the following (I) and (II): The columnar body separation method which sorts using the sieve in which the opening hole which satisfy | fills was formed.
(I) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening face of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A passing through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and parallel to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, When the first columnar body is rotated around the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body 360 does not contact the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. ° Opening hole with a shape that can rotate.
(II) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body rotated 360 ° around the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness. 第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行ではない第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを、下記（ＩＩＩ）および（ＩＶ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を用いて分別する柱状体分別方法。
（ＩＩＩ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の側面において第１の端面と第２の端面との距離が最も長い直線に対して垂直な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＶ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。A first columnar body in which the first end surface and the second end surface are not parallel to each other, and a second columnar body having a length and thickness larger than those of the first columnar body are represented by the following (III) and (IV A columnar body separation method in which separation is performed using a sieve in which opening holes satisfying the above are formed.
(III) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening surface of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
An imaginary rotation axis A that passes through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and is perpendicular to the straight line having the longest distance between the first end surface and the second end surface on the side surface of the first columnar body is defined as an XY plane. When the first columnar body is rotated about the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body does not depend on the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. The columnar body is an opening having a shape that can rotate 360 ° without contacting the sieve.
(IV) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body when rotated 360 ° about the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness. 開口孔が六角形である、請求項１に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 1, wherein the opening holes are hexagonal. 開口孔が六角形である、請求項２に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 2, wherein the opening holes are hexagonal. 開口孔が長穴形である、請求項１に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 1, wherein the opening hole has a long hole shape. 開口孔が長穴形である、請求項２に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 2, wherein the opening hole has a long hole shape. 開口孔が、下記条件（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす、請求項３または４に記載の柱状体分別方法。
（ａ）開口孔の、互いに対向する一対の辺が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔のいずれかの辺Ｓ１と該辺Ｓ１に平行な辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、第１の柱状体の直径および長さよりも大きく、且つ、第２の柱状体の直径よりも小さくなっている。
（ｃ）前記Ｗの方向をＸ方向、前記辺Ｓ１と平行な方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とした際に、前記辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、第１の柱状体が、その軸方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔に挿入され、軸方向の中央に回転軸が設けられたときに、第１の柱状体の軸がＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
（ｄ）前記ＬＡおよび前記ＬＢは、第２の柱状体を、その軸方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔上に配置した際に、開口孔を通過不能な長さになっている。The columnar body separation method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the opening holes satisfy all of the following conditions (a) to (d).
(A) A pair of opposite sides of the opening hole are parallel and have the same length.
(B) the distance W between the side S 2 parallel to any side S 1 and該辺S 1 of the opening hole is larger than the diameter and length of the first columnar body, and, in the second columnar body It is smaller than the diameter.
(C) When the direction of W is the X direction, the direction parallel to the side S 1 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the length L A of the side S 1 , maximum length L B and the hexagonal Y-direction, first columnar body, its axial direction is inserted into the opening hole so as to be parallel to the Z-direction, the rotation axis is provided at the center in the axial direction Sometimes, the axis of the first columnar body has a length that can be rotated along the YZ plane.
(D) The L A and the L B have such a length that the second columnar body cannot pass through the opening hole when the second columnar body is disposed on the opening hole so that the axial direction thereof is along the X direction. . 第１の柱状体および第２の柱状体がそれぞれ円柱体である、請求項７に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body sorting method according to claim 7, wherein each of the first columnar body and the second columnar body is a cylindrical body. 前記篩が円筒状の篩であり、該円筒状の篩の内周面側に前記２種の柱状体を供給し、前記円筒状の篩を回転させる、請求項１から８のいずれか１項に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The said sieve is a cylindrical sieve, The said 2 types of columnar body is supplied to the inner peripheral surface side of this cylindrical sieve, and the said cylindrical sieve is rotated, The any one of Claim 1 to 8 Columnar body sorting method as described in 4. 前記第１の柱状体および前記第２の柱状体の少なくとも一方から生じて前記円筒状の篩の内周面に付着したスケールを除去する、請求項９に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body sorting method according to claim 9, wherein a scale that is generated from at least one of the first columnar body and the second columnar body and adheres to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve is removed. 前記円筒状の篩の内周面にブラシを接触させてスケールを除去する、請求項１０に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 10, wherein the scale is removed by bringing a brush into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical sieve. 前記円筒状の篩をハンマーで叩いてスケールを除去する、請求項１０に記載の柱状体分別方法。   The columnar body separation method according to claim 10, wherein the scale is removed by hitting the cylindrical sieve with a hammer. 下記（Ｉ）および（ＩＩ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を備えて、第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行な第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する柱状体分別装置。
（Ｉ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の第１の端面および第２の端面に平行な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＩ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。A first columnar body having a first end face and a second end face parallel to each other, the first end face and the second end face being parallel to each other; A columnar body sorting apparatus that separates a second columnar body that is larger than the columnar body.
(I) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening face of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
A virtual rotation axis A passing through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and parallel to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first columnar body is disposed in the opening hole along the XY plane, When the first columnar body is rotated around the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body 360 does not contact the sieve regardless of the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. ° Opening hole with a shape that can rotate.
(II) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body rotated 360 ° around the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the opening holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is D, the minimum value of D is the length of the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than thickness and thickness. 下記（ＩＩＩ）および（ＩＶ）を満たす開口孔が形成された篩を備えて、第１の端面と第２の端面が互いに平行ではない第１の柱状体と、長さおよび太さが第１の柱状体よりも大きい第２の柱状体とを分別する柱状体分別装置。
（ＩＩＩ）篩の開口面に沿う一方向をＹ方向とし、篩の開口面に沿うと共にＹ方向に垂直な方向をＸ方向とし、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向の両方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とし、
第１の柱状体の重心を通過すると共に第１の柱状体の側面において第１の端面と第２の端面との距離が最も長い直線に対して垂直な仮想回転軸Ａを、Ｘ−Ｙ平面に沿うように開口孔内に配置し、該仮想回転軸Ａを中心に第１の柱状体を回転させた際に、Ｘ−Ｙ平面内での仮想回転軸Ａの方向によらず、第１の柱状体が篩に接触することなく３６０°回転し得る形状の開口孔である。
（ＩＶ）仮想回転軸Ａを中心に３６０°回転させたときの第１の柱状体を、仮想回転軸Ａを含むＸ−Ｙ平面に投影させることにより形成される領域を第１の柱状体通過領域とし、仮想回転軸Ａの方向において該第１の柱状体通過領域を挟んで対向する、開口孔の縁同士の間隔をＤとした際に、Ｄの最小値が、第２の柱状体の長さおよび太さより短い開口孔である。A first columnar body having a first end face and a second end face that are not parallel to each other, the first end face and the second end face being provided with a sieve having an opening hole that satisfies the following (III) and (IV): A columnar body sorting apparatus that separates a second columnar body that is larger than the columnar body.
(III) One direction along the opening surface of the sieve is the Y direction, the direction along the opening surface of the sieve and perpendicular to the Y direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
An imaginary rotation axis A that passes through the center of gravity of the first columnar body and is perpendicular to the straight line having the longest distance between the first end surface and the second end surface on the side surface of the first columnar body is defined as an XY plane. When the first columnar body is rotated about the virtual rotation axis A, the first columnar body does not depend on the direction of the virtual rotation axis A in the XY plane. The columnar body is an opening having a shape that can rotate 360 ° without contacting the sieve.
(IV) The first columnar body passing through the first columnar body is formed by projecting the first columnar body when rotated 360 ° about the virtual rotation axis A onto the XY plane including the virtual rotation axis A. When the distance between the edges of the aperture holes facing each other across the first columnar body passage region in the direction of the virtual rotation axis A is defined as D, the minimum value of D is the second columnar body It is an opening hole shorter than length and thickness. 開口孔が六角形状であり、下記条件（ａ）〜（ｄ）の条件を全て満たす、請求項１３または１４に記載の柱状体分別装置。
（ａ）開口孔の、互いに対向する一対の辺が平行で且つ同一の長さになっている。
（ｂ）開口孔のいずれかの辺Ｓ１と該辺Ｓ１に平行な辺Ｓ２との距離Ｗは、第１の柱状体の直径および長さよりも大きく、且つ、第２の柱状体の直径よりも小さくなっている。
（ｃ）前記Ｗの方向をＸ方向、前記辺Ｓ１と平行な方向をＹ方向、Ｘ方向およびＹ方向に垂直な方向をＺ方向とした際に、前記辺Ｓ１の長さＬＡ、および六角形のＹ方向における最大長さＬＢは、第１の柱状体が、その軸方向がＺ方向と平行になるように開口孔に挿入され、軸方向の中央に回転軸が設けられたときに、第１の柱状体の軸がＹ−Ｚ平面に沿うように回転し得る長さになっている。
（ｄ）前記ＬＡおよび前記ＬＢは、第２の柱状体を、その軸方向がＸ方向に沿うように開口孔上に配置した際に、開口孔を通過不能な長さになっている。The columnar body separation device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the opening hole has a hexagonal shape and satisfies all of the following conditions (a) to (d).
(A) A pair of opposite sides of the opening hole are parallel and have the same length.
(B) the distance W between the side S 2 parallel to any side S 1 and該辺S 1 of the opening hole is larger than the diameter and length of the first columnar body, and, in the second columnar body It is smaller than the diameter.
(C) When the direction of W is the X direction, the direction parallel to the side S 1 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the length L A of the side S 1 , maximum length L B and the hexagonal Y-direction, first columnar body, its axial direction is inserted into the opening hole so as to be parallel to the Z-direction, the rotation axis is provided at the center in the axial direction Sometimes, the axis of the first columnar body has a length that can be rotated along the YZ plane.
(D) The L A and the L B have such a length that the second columnar body cannot pass through the opening hole when the second columnar body is disposed on the opening hole so that the axial direction thereof is along the X direction. .
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