JPWO2011036724A1 - Boiler group control method, program, controller, and boiler system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a control method, a program, a controller, and a boiler system for a boiler group capable of efficiently controlling increase / decrease in the amount of evaporation of the boilers constituting the boiler group using a control means having a simple configuration. A program for controlling a boiler group including boilers having a plurality of combustion positions in which the amount of combustion increases or decreases in stages, at least one of the boilers includes a combustion group configured by grouping combustion positions, and combustion It is configured to control each group.

Description

  The present invention relates to a control method, a program, a controller, and a boiler system for a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers.

As is well known, when steam is generated according to a required load, a boiler composed of a plurality of boilers capable of increasing or decreasing the combustion amount in stages in order to suppress wasteful combustion and reduce loss at the time of starting and stopping. Boilers to be burned in groups and techniques for controlling their combustion positions are widely used.
In this way, when configuring a boiler group using a plurality of boilers, each boiler has the same number of combustion positions, and a control signal corresponding to the number of combustion positions can be output from the control means to each boiler. A technique for controlling such a boiler group is generally disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-227402

  However, when a boiler group is configured using a plurality of boilers (for example, a four-position boiler), the characteristics may not be constant, such as the number of combustion positions, combustion efficiency, and responsiveness of any of the boilers may vary. However, there is a case where it is not always suitable to improve the combustion efficiency and responsiveness, and there is a technology that can efficiently improve the combustion efficiency and responsiveness. It has been demanded.

  Further, for example, when a boiler group is configured using a plurality of different types of boilers having different numbers of combustion positions, combustion efficiency, evaporation amount, and the like, more combustion than the number that can be controlled by the control means (for example, the control device) There is a possibility that a boiler with a position may be included. In such a case, the control means cannot control each combustion position individually, so that the operation of the boiler group becomes difficult. In addition, the control becomes complicated as the number of combustion positions increases, and the control means increases the load of the control means when each combustion position is individually controlled. Therefore, a technology for efficiently controlling many combustion positions while reducing the control load. Is required.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and a boiler capable of efficiently controlling increase / decrease in the amount of evaporation of boilers constituting a group of boilers using a control means having a simple configuration. An object is to provide a group control method, a program, a controller, and a boiler system.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The invention according to claim 1 is a program for controlling a boiler group including a boiler having a plurality of combustion positions in which the combustion amount increases or decreases in stages, and at least one of the boilers groups the combustion positions. It is characterized by comprising a combustion group configured to be configured and controlled for each combustion group.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is a controller, comprising the program according to any one of the first to sixth aspects.

  The invention described in claim 8 is a boiler system, comprising the controller described in claim 7.

  The invention according to claim 9 is a control method for a boiler group including a boiler having a plurality of combustion positions in which the combustion amount increases or decreases in stages, and groups the combustion positions into at least one of the boilers. A combustion group configured as described above is provided, and control is performed for each combustion group.

  According to the program, the controller, the boiler system, and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, at least one boiler in the boiler group constituted by boilers having a plurality of combustion positions in which the combustion amount increases or decreases in stages, At least one combustion group configured by grouping a plurality of combustion positions is provided, and increase / decrease in the amount of combustion in the boiler is controlled for each combustion group together with combustion positions that are not grouped.

  In this specification, to control for each combustion group means to control the grouped combustion positions constituting the combustion group for each combustion group, and when increasing the evaporation amount, When the lowest combustion position burns and shifts to the highest combustion position and the evaporation amount is insufficient even at the highest combustion position, the combustion position is shifted within the combustion group. The priority goes down to the highest combustion position of the combustion group and moves to the lowest combustion position, and the combustion position is transferred within the combustion group until the evaporation amount is excessive even at the lowest combustion position. This means that while moving between the lowest and highest combustion positions in the combustion group, there is no transition to other combustion groups or other combustion positions.

In addition, regarding the control of each combustion group,
(1) Controlling the combustion position individually when shifting each combustion position in the combustion group to the upper or lower order. (In this case, the object to be controlled is the number of combustion positions constituting the combustion group.)
(2) Controlling the transition to the combustion group with one instruction (for example, one control signal is output as the controller, and there is one control object).
There may be
When the combustion group is controlled by one instruction, it is classified into the following 1) and 2).
1) Sequential combustion from lower combustion position to upper combustion position (for example, when a low combustion position and a middle combustion position are grouped into a single combustion group by a four-position boiler, the combustion position is sequentially changed from the low combustion position to the middle combustion position. When the conditions for automatically shifting (for example, the time lag until the evaporation amount is supplied, pressure, temperature, etc.) are set in advance and the conditions are satisfied, instructions from the control means (for example, the controller) Automatically shifts to a higher combustion position regardless of
2) Combusting the combustion positions constituting the combustion group substantially simultaneously (for example, when the four combustion boilers are grouped into the low combustion position and the middle combustion position into the combustion group, the low combustion position and the middle combustion position start burning almost simultaneously. )

  In the control of the boiler group, 1) when controlling all combustion groups for each combustion position and controlling uncombusted combustion positions for each combustion position, 2) either (one or more) combustion When controlling the inside of a group for each combustion position and controlling the remaining combustion groups with one instruction and controlling the ungrouped combustion positions for each combustion position, 3) Controlling all the combustion groups with one instruction However, there is a case where non-grouped combustion positions are controlled for each combustion position. Also, all combustion positions may be grouped into any combustion group.

As a result, when the combustion in the combustion group is shifted to the upper or lower combustion position, for example, each boiler is set to the combustion group up to the superior combustion position in the characteristics, and the combustion positions constituting the combustion group are individually controlled. After being transferred to the dominant combustion position, the state can be maintained and the next boiler can be easily transferred to combustion.
Further, when the combustion position in the combustion group is shifted to the upper or lower order by one instruction, the boiler group can be easily and efficiently controlled by a smaller number of instructions than the combustion position. In addition, the burden on the controller can be reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a boiler group including at least one boiler having a combustion position of (N + 1) or more by a controller that controls a boiler having a combustion position of N (N is an integer of 2 or more). It is a program to control, It comprises the combustion group which grouped the said combustion position so that a control object may be N or less, It is comprised so that it may control for every said combustion group.

  The invention according to claim 10 is a boiler group including at least one boiler having a combustion position of (N + 1) or more by a controller that controls a boiler having a combustion position of N (N is an integer of 2 or more). A control method is characterized in that a combustion group in which the combustion positions are grouped so that a control target is N or less is provided, and control is performed for each combustion group.

  According to the program and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, a plurality of combustion positions are grouped and at least one combustion group is set for a boiler having (N + 1) or more combustion positions among the boilers constituting the boiler group. When setting this combustion group, the control target is set to N or less, and the increase or decrease in the amount of combustion in this boiler is controlled for each combustion group and ungrouped combustion position. As a result, the boiler group can be easily and efficiently controlled using a controller that outputs a signal corresponding to the N combustion position.

  Invention of Claim 3 is a program of Claim 1 or Claim 2, Comprising: It is comprised so that at least 1 of the said combustion group may be controlled for every combustion position which comprises this combustion group. It is characterized by being.

  Invention of Claim 11 is a control method of the boiler group of Claim 9 or Claim 10, Comprising: At least 1 of the said combustion group is controlled for every combustion position which comprises this combustion group It is characterized by.

  According to the program and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, at least one of the combustion groups constituted by a plurality of combustion positions is controlled for each combustion position constituting the combustion group. The corresponding amount of combustion can be increased or decreased.

  Invention of Claim 4 is a program of Claim 1 or Claim 2, Comprising: It is comprised so that at least 1 of the said combustion group may be controlled by one instruction | indication. .

  The invention according to claim 12 is the boiler group control method according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein at least one of the combustion groups is controlled by one instruction.

  According to the program and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, since at least one of the combustion groups composed of a plurality of combustion positions is controlled by one instruction, the combustion group can be controlled easily and efficiently. Can do.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a program of any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: Combustion efficiency and responsiveness when a plurality of combustion positions are grouped into the combustion group It is characterized by being comprised so that at least any one of these may improve.

  The invention according to claim 13 is the boiler group control method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a combustion is performed when a plurality of combustion positions are grouped into the combustion group. It is characterized in that at least one of efficiency and responsiveness is improved.

  According to the program and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, since grouping is performed so that at least one of combustion efficiency and responsiveness is improved, at least one improvement in combustion efficiency and responsiveness can be easily and efficiently performed. Can be done.

  Invention of Claim 6 is the program of Claim 5, Comprising: Combustion in this boiler among the boilers which grouped a plurality of combustion positions and constituted the combustion group in order to improve the combustion efficiency The target number of low combustion priority boilers is set from the boilers with the highest combustion efficiency in the lowest low combustion group of the group, and the combustion in the low combustion group of the low combustion priority boiler is preferentially controlled. It is comprised by these.

  Invention of Claim 14 is the control method of the boiler group of Claim 13, Comprising: Among the boilers which comprised the combustion group by grouping a plurality of combustion positions in order to improve the combustion efficiency, The target number of low-combustion priority boilers is set from among the boilers with the highest combustion efficiency in the lowest combustion group among the combustion groups in the boiler, and priority is given to combustion in the low-combustion group of the low-combustion priority boiler It is characterized by controlling.

  According to the program and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, the combustion group is configured by grouping a plurality of combustion positions, and the combustion amount of the boiler group is increased from the boilers having the highest combustion efficiency of the low combustion group. When the low combustion group moves to the highest combustion position among them, the state is maintained and the target number of low combustion priority boilers configured to shift the target of combustion control to another boiler is By setting and preferentially burning this low combustion priority boiler in the low combustion group, the combustion efficiency of the boiler group can be improved.

  According to the program, the controller, the boiler system, and the boiler group control method according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently control the increase / decrease in the evaporation amount of the boilers constituting the boiler group, using the control means with a simple configuration. it can.

It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a boiler system concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the schematic structure of the boiler group which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining an example of the characteristic of each boiler which constitutes the boiler group concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the combustion priority which concerns on the boiler group of 1st Embodiment, and the priority of combustion of a combustion group. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the operation | movement procedure of the program which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the program which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (A) is an example of the flowchart which shows an operation | movement procedure, (B) is the schematic which shows transfer of a combustion position. It is a figure explaining the program which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (A) is an example of the flowchart which shows an operation | movement procedure, (B) is the schematic which shows transfer of a combustion position. It is a figure explaining the program which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (A) is an example of the flowchart which shows an operation | movement procedure, (B) is the schematic which shows transfer of a combustion position. It is a figure explaining operation of the boiler system concerning a 1st embodiment.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a boiler system according to the present invention, and reference numeral 1 denotes a boiler system.

As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler system 1 includes a boiler group 2 composed of a plurality of boilers, a control unit (controller) 4, a steam header 6, and a steam pressure (evaporation amount) in the steam header 6. And a pressure sensor 7 for detecting a corresponding physical quantity, and the steam generated in the boiler group 2 is supplied to the steam using equipment 18.
In this embodiment, the required load is the amount of evaporation corresponding to the amount of steam consumed in the steam using facility 18, and the amount of evaporation of the boiler group 2 based on the pressure of the steam in the steam header 6 detected by the pressure sensor 7 described above. Is to control.

In this embodiment, the difference evaporation amount is an evaporation amount that increases when the boiler is moved to a higher combustion position, that is, an evaporation amount at the combustion position after the transition and a combustion stop position (or combustion before the transition). The difference between the position and the amount of evaporation.
Further, the amount of evaporation that increases by moving up one level and becoming the Nth combustion position (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1) is expressed as “the difference evaporation amount at the Nth combustion position” or “the Nth difference evaporation amount”. For example, the amount of evaporation that increases when shifting from the j−1th (j is a natural number) combustion position to the jth combustion position is defined as “the difference evaporation amount at the jth combustion position” or jth. The difference evaporation amount is assumed.
Further, the evaporation amount that increases when shifting from the combustion stop position to the first combustion position is referred to as “first differential evaporation amount”, and the evaporation amount that increases when shifting from the first combustion position to the second combustion position is referred to as “first difference evaporation amount”. “2 differential evaporation amount”, the evaporation amount that increases when the second combustion position shifts to the third combustion position is referred to as “third differential evaporation amount”.
Further, the evaporation amount when each boiler is burning at the highest combustion position may be referred to as “rated evaporation amount”.

The boiler group 2 includes, for example, four steam boilers, and includes a first boiler 21, a second boiler 22, a third boiler 23, and a fourth boiler 24.
The combustion positions of the boilers 21,..., 24 and the configuration of the combustion group are as shown in FIG. 2, and the square frame indicates the combustion positions of the boilers 21,. In the two boilers 22 and the third boiler 23, the portions where the two combustion positions are enclosed in parentheses indicate the combustion group set by grouping the two combustion positions. The numbers in the frame indicate the differential evaporation amount at each combustion position, and the <> indicates the rated evaporation amount.

  The first boiler 21 has four stages: a combustion stop state (combustion stop position), a low combustion state (first combustion position), a middle combustion state (second combustion position), and a high combustion state (third combustion position). It is a four-position boiler that can be controlled to a combustion state, the first differential evaporation amount is 600 (kg / h), the second differential evaporation amount is 600 (kg / h), and the third differential evaporation amount is 1800 (kg / h). h), and the rated evaporation amount is 3000 (kg / h).

  The second boiler 22 has four stages: a combustion stop state (combustion stop position), a low combustion state (first combustion position), a middle combustion state (second combustion position), and a high combustion state (third combustion position). It is a four-position boiler that can be controlled to a combustion state, the first differential evaporation amount is 600 (kg / h), the second differential evaporation amount is 600 (kg / h), and the third differential evaporation amount is 1800 (kg / h). h), and the rated evaporation amount is 3000 (kg / h).

  The third boiler 23 has four stages: a combustion stop state (combustion stop position), a low combustion state (first combustion position), a middle combustion state (second combustion position), and a high combustion state (third combustion position). It is a four-position boiler that can be controlled to a combustion state. The first differential evaporation amount is 750 (kg / h), the second differential evaporation amount is 750 (kg / h), and the third differential evaporation amount is 1500 (kg / h). h), and the rated evaporation amount is 3000 (kg / h).

  The fourth boiler 24 includes a three-position boiler that can be controlled in three stages of combustion states: a combustion stop state (combustion stop position), a low combustion state (first combustion position), and a high combustion state (second combustion position). The first differential evaporation amount is 1500 (kg / h), the second differential evaporation amount is 1500 (kg / h), and the rated evaporation amount is 3000 (kg / h).

  Moreover, each boiler 21, ..., 24 has a characteristic as shown, for example in FIG. In FIG. 3, “i” and “j” correspond to the j-th combustion position (j = 1,..., 4) of the i-th (= 1,..., 4) boiler, “J”, “η”, and “t” are “target evaporative amount at the jth combustion position”, “combustion efficiency when burning at the jth combustion position”, and “jth combustion position” for each boiler. The transition time (the time from the output of the signal to the jth combustion position to the completion of the transition to the target combustion position or the combustion stop position) t ”is shown.

The boiler group 2 includes three combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2), G3 (1,2) configured by grouping a plurality of combustion positions.
In this embodiment, for convenience, the combustion group of the i-th boiler is defined as a combustion group Gi (j1, j2) (where “j1” is the lowest combustion position in the grouped combustion group, and “j2 "Is the highest combustion position).

  The combustion group G1 (1, 2) is a combustion group configured by grouping the first combustion position and the second combustion position of the first boiler 21, and the first boiler 21 has the lowest evaporation amount. In addition to the combustion group, the priority of combustion in the boiler group 2 is the first.

  Hereinafter, an example of matters to be considered when setting combustion groups by grouping combustion positions will be described. In this embodiment, when a combustion group is configured by grouping combustion positions, for example, the target combustion position is examined based on the characteristics of each boiler shown in FIG. 3, and the combustion group is set manually.

The first combustion position (of the first boiler 21) constituting the combustion group G1 (1, 2) has an evaporation amount of 600 (kg / h), a combustion efficiency η of 96%, and a transition time t of 18 (sec. In the second combustion position, the evaporation amount is 600 (kg / h), the combustion efficiency η is 97%, the transition time t is 8 (sec), the evaporation amount is small, and the boiler group 2 is configured. The combustion efficiency η and the transition time t are superior to the corresponding combustion positions of the other boilers 22, 23, 24.
On the other hand, in the third combustion position, the evaporation amount is 1800 (kg / h), the combustion efficiency η is 93%, the transition time t is 12 (sec), and the evaporation amount compared to the first combustion position and the second combustion position. The combustion efficiency η and the transition time t are inferior to the second combustion position. Further, the combustion efficiency η and the transition time t at the third combustion position are inferior to the second combustion positions of the other boilers 22 and 23 having the low combustion group.

That is, with respect to the evaporation amount, the first combustion position and the second combustion position having a small evaporation amount of 600 (kg / h) are grouped to enable fine control of the evaporation amount, and superior in terms of combustion efficiency η and transition time t. It can be said that grouping the first combustion position and the second combustion position is an advantageous combustion group setting.
Further, the combustion group G1 (1, 2) is capable of finely controlling the evaporation amount by individually controlling the first combustion position and the second combustion position, and both the combustion efficiency η and the transition time t are boilers. Since it is the most dominant in group 2, the priority of combustion in boiler group 2 is the first.

  Note that the above considerations can be arbitrarily changed in the operation status of the boiler group 2 depending on, for example, which one of the combustion efficiency η and the transition time t is dominant or both are dominant. .

The combustion group G2 (1, 2) is a combustion group configured by grouping the first combustion position and the second combustion position of the second boiler 22, and the evaporation amount in the second boiler 22 is the lowest. In addition, the priority of combustion in the boiler group 2 is second.
Items to be considered when setting the combustion group G2 (1,2) are the same as those for the combustion group G1 (1,2).

  Further, the combustion group G2 (1, 2) receives the second signal from the first combustion position of the second boiler 22 constituting the combustion group G2 (1, 2) by one signal (instruction) from the control unit 4. When shifting to the combustion position, for example, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 7 becomes a predetermined pressure and the first differential evaporation amount is supplied, the shift to the second combustion position automatically (sequentially). It is supposed to be.

  This is because, for example, the steam supply by the combustion group G2 (1, 2) does not require fine adjustment as in the case of the combustion group G1 (1, 2), and the first combustion position to the second combustion position. This is suitable for reducing the load on the control unit 4 in the stable combustion position transition while satisfying the conditions.

The combustion group G3 (1, 2) is a combustion group configured by grouping the first combustion position and the second combustion position of the third boiler 23, and the evaporation amount is lowest in the third boiler 23. And the priority of combustion in the boiler group 2 is third.
Items to be considered when setting the combustion group G3 (1,2) are the same as those for the combustion group G1 (1,2) and the combustion group G2 (1,2).

Further, when the combustion group G3 (1, 2) shifts the combustion position from the first combustion position to the second combustion position by one signal from the control unit 4, for example, the purge is completed and the combustion is performed. As a result, for example, an increase in the amount of blown air, a start of combustion of the burner, etc. are performed almost simultaneously with respect to the transition to the first combustion position and the transition to the second combustion position. Yes.
This is because the steam supply by the combustion group G3 (1, 2), for example, has an evaporation amount of 2400 (kg / h) secured by the first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22, and the combustion group G3 (1, 2). ) To increase the evaporation amount of 1500 (kg / h), it is difficult to cause a large effect, the control is simplified to reduce the load on the control unit 4, and the evaporation amount is increased in a short time. It is suitable for.

  In this embodiment, the fourth boiler 24 is a boiler that does not have a combustion group in which neither the first combustion position nor the second combustion position is grouped into combustion groups, and each combustion position is individually set. To be controlled.

  The combustion positions of the boilers 21,..., 24 of the boiler group 2 and the priority order of the combustion groups are as shown in FIG. 4, and the numbers in <> indicate the combustion positions and combustion groups that constitute the boiler group 2. The priority in control or the number in the frame representing each combustion position indicates the priority of the combustion positions not grouped and the combustion positions grouped in the combustion group.

In the first boilers 21,..., 24, the combustion in the low combustion position or the low combustion group is set to be more efficient than the combustion in the other combustion positions or the combustion group. The first boiler 21, the second boiler 22, and the third boiler 23 are set to have high combustion efficiency in the low combustion group, and the fourth boiler 24 is set to have high combustion efficiency in the low combustion position.
Of these boilers 21,..., 24, the first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22 are low-combustion priority boilers that preferentially burn low combustion groups (in this embodiment, low-combustion priority boilers). The number of units is set in the control unit 4.
In this embodiment, the target number of low-combustion priority boilers is set so that the combustion efficiency η and the transition time t (responsiveness) are dominant, and the priority of the combustion group to be burned and the combustion position corresponds to it. It is set to be.

That is, the combustion position in the boiler group 2 and the combustion of the combustion group are the low combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2) of the two first boilers 21 and the second boiler 22 that are the targets of the low combustion priority boilers. 2) is combusted, the combustion of the low combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2) is maintained, and the amount of evaporation exceeding the low combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2) When it is required, it shifts to the low combustion group G3 (1, 2) of the next third boiler 23, and then shifts to the high combustion position of the first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22. Yes.
With this configuration, the required load is the amount of evaporation of the low combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2), G3 (1,2) of the first boiler 21, the second boiler 22, and the third boiler 23. When in the vicinity, the boiler group 2 can perform high-efficiency combustion.

  The control unit 4 includes an input unit 41, a memory 42, a calculation unit 43, a hard disk 44, an output unit 46, and a communication line 47, and includes an input unit 41, a memory 42, a calculation unit 43, a hard disk 44, and an output. The units 46 are connected to each other via a communication line 47 so that data and the like can be communicated with each other, and a database 45 is stored in the hard disk 44.

  The input unit 41 includes, for example, a data input device such as a keyboard (not shown) and can output settings and the like to the calculation unit 43, and the pressure sensor 7, the first boiler 21,. The pressure signal input from the pressure sensor 7 and the signal input from the first boilers 21,..., 24 (for example, information such as the combustion position) are output to the calculation unit 43. It is supposed to be.

The output unit 46 is connected to the first boilers 21,..., 24 by the signal line 14, and outputs the control signal output from the calculation unit 43 to the first boilers 21,. Yes.
In this embodiment, the control unit 4 is configured to be able to output control signals for, for example, three four-position boilers and one three-position boiler.

  The calculation unit 43 reads and executes a program stored in a storage medium (for example, ROM) of the memory 42 to calculate the evaporation amount corresponding to the required load, the combination of the boilers to be burned in the boiler group 2 and their combustion positions. Based on the result, a control signal is output to the first boilers 21,..., 24 via the output unit 46.

The database 45 includes a first database 45A and a second database 45B.
In the first database 45A, a data table indicating the relationship between the pressure signal (mV) and the pressure P (t) (Pa) is stored as numerical data, and based on the pressure signal (mV) from the pressure sensor 7. The pressure P (t) in the steam header 6 is calculated.
Further, the second database 45B includes, for example, the configuration of the combustion position of each boiler, the differential evaporation amount of each combustion position, the rated evaporation amount, the correspondence between each combustion group and the combustion position (combustion group bundling in FIG. 2), Priorities of each combustion position (numbers in the frame in FIG. 3), combustion positions in the boiler group 2 and priority levels of the combustion groups (numbers in <> in FIG. 4), control forms for controlling each combustion group, Stored are a set pressure of a control pressure zone when shifting the combustion position, and a set pressure P such as the lowest combustion position when shifting the combustion group.

Moreover, the control form in the case of controlling for every combustion group is
1) Individual control for each combustion position (first control mode)
2) Control that automatically automatically shifts from the lower combustion position to the upper combustion position (second control mode)
3) Control for shifting the combustion position in the combustion group substantially simultaneously (third control mode)
It is classified and stored.

  The program according to the first embodiment includes a main routine, a first subroutine, a second subroutine, and a third subroutine. The first subroutine is an individual control for each combustion position according to the first control mode. In addition, the second subroutine corresponds to the control that automatically shifts sequentially according to the second control mode, and the third subroutine corresponds to the control that shifts the combustion position in the combustion group according to the third control mode substantially simultaneously. ing.

  The main routine acquires the pressure P (t) in the steam header 6, compares the pressure P (t) with the set pressure corresponding to the evaporation amount (required load), and controls the pressure P (t) to a predetermined level. The combustion position or the combustion group is controlled so as to be in the range of the pressure zone.

In the control of the boiler group 2, the execution of the main routine includes setting the pressure P (t) in the steam header 6 within a predetermined range. However, for convenience, the pressure P (t) is not considered here. Next, the operation of the main routine in the case of shifting while increasing the evaporation amount with the combustion position of the priority order K (K is 1 to 11 in this embodiment) as a target will be described.
When the combustion group is controlled, the combustion group that sequentially shifts the combustion group according to the second control mode and the combustion group that simultaneously shifts the combustion position according to the third control mode are the highest level of the combustion group. It cannot be set as a target for a combustion position with a priority K other than the combustion position.

1) First, an initial value (= 1) is set by assigning a priority k and a variable k (k is a natural number) to combustion positions that are not grouped in the boiler group and combustion positions that constitute the combustion group. At the same time, a target of variable k (priority order of target combustion position) K is set (S101).
2) It is determined whether the boiler group 2 is in operation (S102).
When the boiler group 2 is operating, the process proceeds to S103, and when the operation is stopped, the program is terminated.
3) With respect to the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 7, the pressure P (t) in the steam header 6 is acquired with reference to the first database 45A (S103).
4) Compare k with K (S104).
If k <K, the process proceeds to S105, and if k <K, the process proceeds to S102.
5) It is determined whether or not the target to be moved up by one stage is an ungrouped combustion position (S105). If the target is a combustion position that is not grouped, the process proceeds to S106, and if the target is a combustion group, the process proceeds to S108.
6) A signal for shifting the combustion position to one higher level is output (S106).
If a signal is output, it will transfer to S107.
7) 1 is added to k (S107).
When 1 is added to k, the process proceeds to S102.
8) It is determined whether the control mode of the combustion group is the first control mode (S108).
When the control form is the first control form, the process proceeds to S110, and when the control form is other than the first control form, the process proceeds to S111.
9) The first subroutine is executed to shift to the highest combustion position of the combustion group to be controlled (S110). When the first subroutine ends, the process proceeds to S107.
10) It is determined whether the control mode of the combustion group is the second control mode (S111).
When the control form is the second control form, the process proceeds to S120, and when the control form is other than the second control form, the process proceeds to S130.
11) The second subroutine is executed to shift to the highest combustion position of the combustion group to be controlled (S120). When the second subroutine ends, the process proceeds to S107.
12) The third subroutine is executed to shift to the highest combustion position of the combustion group to be controlled (S130). When the third subroutine ends, the process proceeds to S107.
The above 2) to 12) are repeatedly executed.

In the first subroutine, when the combustion group is controlled, a control signal for shifting the combustion position to the upper or lower order is individually output corresponding to each combustion position. For example, FIG. 6 (A) It is comprised based on a flowchart as shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the first subroutine will be described with reference to FIG.

1) A variable j (j is a natural number) corresponding to the priority order is assigned to the combustion position in the combustion group, and the priority order j1 of the lowest combustion position in the combustion group to be controlled is set as an initial value (S11). .
2) The pressure P (t) is compared with the set value P (j) corresponding to the control pressure zone related to the combustion position j stored in the database 45B, and it is determined whether or not to shift to a higher combustion position. (S12).
If the pressure P (t) is smaller than the set value P (j) and should be shifted to a higher level, the process proceeds to S13. If the pressure P (t) is equal to or greater than the set value P (j), the process proceeds to S12.
3) A control signal for shifting to the combustion position one level higher is output (S13).
4) Add 1 to j (S14).
5) It is determined whether j is j2 corresponding to the highest combustion position (S15).
If j is not j2 but j has reached j2, the process proceeds to S16. If j <j2 and j has not reached j2, the process proceeds to S12. If the determination in S15 is j <j2, Steps S12 to S14 are repeated until no more j reaches j2.
6) Add (j2-j1) (a number smaller by 1 than the number of transition of the combustion position in the combustion group) to k and end the first subroutine (S16).

As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, each time a pressure P (t) less than the set value P (j) corresponding to each combustion position is detected, a control signal for shifting the combustion position is output. Move to the upper combustion position.
In FIG. 6B, (1) to (4) indicate the combustion states of the combustion positions constituting the combustion group (combustion positions where the colored portions are combusting), and the arrow A is indicated by the control unit 4 in S13. This indicates that a control signal has been output.

  In the second subroutine, when the target combustion group is controlled, when the control unit 4 outputs one control signal, the control unit 4 shifts to the combustion group to be controlled, and the highest combustion from the lowest combustion position of the combustion group. Each time the setting condition relating to each combustion position is satisfied, the position is automatically and sequentially shifted to the combustion position. For example, the position is configured based on a flow chart as shown in FIG. .

The setting conditions for each combustion position are, for example, physical quantities such as the pressure of the steam header 6 and the temperature of the combustion gas, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 7, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, etc. ..., 24, or input to a control device or the like provided in the boiler group 2 and automatically shift to a higher combustion position by a signal output when the set value is satisfied by these control devices or the like Thus, no control signal is output from the control unit 4, and the second subroutine is terminated after the transition of the combustion group to the highest combustion position is completed.
Hereinafter, the second subroutine will be described with reference to FIG.

1) A variable j (j is a natural number) corresponding to the priority order is assigned to the combustion position in the combustion group, and the priority order j1 of the lowest combustion position in the combustion group to be controlled is set as an initial value (S21). .
2) A signal for shifting to the combustion position one level higher is output (S22).
3) Add 1 to j (S23).
4) It is determined whether j is j2 corresponding to the highest combustion position (S24).
If j is not j2 but j has reached j2, the process proceeds to S26, and if j <j2 and j has not reached j2, the process proceeds to S25.
5) If there is a signal input indicating that a predetermined set condition is satisfied at the shifted combustion position, the process proceeds to S23 (S25).
S25 and S23 are repeatedly executed until the determination in S24 is not j <j2 and j reaches j2.
6) Add (j2-j1) (number smaller than the number of transition of the combustion position in the combustion group) to k and finish the second subroutine (S26).

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7B, after the lowest combustion position (j1) shifts to the combustion state, it shifts to the higher combustion position after satisfying a predetermined set condition.
In FIG. 7B, (1) to (4) indicate the combustion states (combustion positions where the colored portion is combusting) of the combustion positions constituting the combustion group, and the arrow A indicates the combustion group to be controlled. The colored arrow B indicates that the control unit 4 has output a control signal to shift to the above, and a predetermined condition is satisfied at the combustion position, and the transition is automatically performed sequentially to the upper combustion position.

In the third subroutine, when the target combustion group is controlled, the control unit 4 outputs one control signal so that the control unit 4 shifts to the control target combustion group and starts from the lowest combustion position of the control target combustion group. The combustion position is shifted to the upper combustion position substantially simultaneously, and is configured based on, for example, a flowchart as shown in FIG.
Hereinafter, the third subroutine will be described with reference to FIG.

1) A variable j (j is a natural number) corresponding to the priority order is assigned to the combustion position in the combustion group, and the priority order j1 of the lowest combustion position in the combustion group to be controlled is set as an initial value (S31). .
2) A signal for shifting to the uppermost combustion position is output (S32).
3) Add 1 to j (S33).
4) It is determined whether j is j2 corresponding to the highest combustion position (S34).
If j is not j2 but j has reached j2, the process proceeds to S35, and if j <j2 and j has not reached j2, the process proceeds to S33. If the determination in S34 is j <j2, S33 is repeated until no more j reaches j2.
5) Add (j2-j1) (a number smaller by 1 than the number of transition of the combustion position in the combustion group) to k, and terminate the third subroutine (S35).

As a result, as shown in FIG. 8B, after a signal for shifting to the highest combustion position in the combustion group is output in S32, the signal shifts to the highest combustion position in the combustion group. .
(1) and (2) shown in FIG. 8 (B) show the combustion state (combustion position where the colored portion is combusting) of the combustion positions constituting the combustion group, and the arrow A indicates the control target. This shows that the control unit 4 has output a control signal to shift to the combustion group.

Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the combustion procedure of the boiler system 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.
When increasing the evaporation amount, the boiler group 2 increases the evaporation amount while shifting the combustion position or the combustion group in accordance with the priorities indicated by <1> to <8> in FIG.

  Here, when the evaporation amount is increased, the combustion group G1 (1, 2) is in a first control form in which each combustion position can be individually controlled, and G2 (1, 2) The third combustion mode automatically shifts sequentially, and G3 (1,2) is the third control mode in which the lowest combustion position in the combustion group shifts from the lowest combustion position to the highest combustion position at the same time. It is a control form.

  The first boiler 21, the second boiler 22, and the third boiler 23 have the combustion efficiency of the low combustion groups G <b> 1 (1, 2), G <b> 2 (1, 2), and G <b> 3 (1, 2) located at the lowest position, respectively. Of these, the first boiler 21 and the second boiler 22 are given priority among the boilers having the highest combustion efficiency in the low combustion group. It is considered the target number of low-combustion priority boilers to be burned. In FIG. 9, the hatched portion is a portion that preferentially burns the low combustion group.

1) First, the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for burning the combustion group G1 (1,2) having the priority <1>, and the combustion group G1 (1,2) of the combustion group G1 (1,2) is output as shown in FIG. Of these, the first combustion position of the first boiler 21 is burned.
Here, the combustion group G1 (1, 2) and the combustion group G2 (1, 2) are the targets of the low combustion boiler as described above.
2) Next, in response to the increase in the evaporation amount, the control unit 4 burns the second combustion position of the first boiler 21 in the combustion group G1 (1, 2) as shown in FIG. 9B. .
3) Next, the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for burning the combustion group G2 (1, 2).
As a result, as shown in FIG. 9C, the combustion group G2 (1, 2) shifts to the combustion state.
In FIG. 9C, the transition of the combustion position is shown together, but the transition of the combustion state in the combustion group G2 (1, 2) indicates that the first combustion position of the second boiler 22 has shifted to the combustion state. In response, the combustion state is automatically and sequentially shifted to the second combustion position.
4) Next, the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for burning the combustion group G3 (1, 2) having the priority <3>.
As a result, for example, when the purge or the like is completed in the third boiler 23, the first combustion position and the second combustion position shift to the combustion state substantially simultaneously as shown in FIG. 9D.
5) Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (E), the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for shifting to the third combustion position of the first boiler 21 having the priority order <4>, so that the first boiler 21 3. Set the combustion position to the combustion state.
6) Next, as shown in FIG. 9F, the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for shifting to the first combustion position of the fourth boiler 24 with the priority order <5>, and the fourth boiler 24 One combustion position is set to a combustion state.
7) Next, as shown in FIG. 9G, the control unit 4 outputs a control signal for shifting to the third combustion position of the second boiler 22 with the priority order <6>, and the second boiler 22 3. Set the combustion position to the combustion state.
8) Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (H), the control unit 4 performs the third combustion position of the third boiler 23 having the priority order <7> and the second combustion of the fourth boiler 24 having the priority order <8>. The control signal which shifts to the position is output, and the third combustion position of the third boiler 23 and the second combustion position of the fourth boiler 24 are appropriately set to the combustion state. The broken arrows shown in FIG. 9H indicate that the combustion state shifts in the order of the arrows.

According to the boiler system 1, when the combustion positions are grouped to form a combustion group, the combustion efficiency η and the transition time t are grouped predominantly, so that the combustion efficiency and responsiveness can be improved easily and efficiently. it can.
Moreover, according to the boiler system 1, since the combustion position which comprises the combustion group G1 (1,2) is controllable separately, the evaporation amount of the combustion group G1 (1,2) can be increased or decreased finely. it can.

  Moreover, according to the boiler system 1, when the combustion position G2 (1,2) and the combustion group G3 (1,2) is shifted to the upper or lower position in the combustion group G2 (1,2), one control signal is sent from the control unit 4. It is possible to output and increase or decrease the evaporation amount, and the combustion at the combustion positions constituting the combustion group can be controlled easily and efficiently.

Further, as in the combustion group G2 (1, 2), one control signal is output from the control unit 4 in the second control mode, and when a predetermined condition such as pressure is satisfied, the higher order combustion is automatically performed sequentially. By shifting to the position, the combustion position that constitutes the combustion group can be easily and efficiently controlled by shifting the combustion position to one higher level (or lower level) based on a predetermined condition.
In addition, the combustion position can be stably shifted by performing the control according to the second control mode.

  Further, for example, as in the case of controlling the combustion group G3 (1, 2), one control signal is output from the control unit 4, and the combustion position in the combustion group is substantially simultaneously changed from the lowest to the highest ( (Or almost simultaneously), the combustion group can be controlled like a single combustion position, and a large evaporation amount can be secured easily and efficiently in a short time.

  Further, the number of control signals output from the control unit 4 can be reduced, and the combustion positions constituting the combustion group can be controlled easily and efficiently. As a result, for example, even when a boiler having more combustion positions than the number of outputs of the control unit 4 exists in the combustion group, it is possible to control the boiler group.

  According to the boiler system 1, after the combustion of the combustion group G1 (1, 2) and the combustion group G2 (1, 2) is started, the combustion of other boilers is performed within a range in which the combustion position in these combustion groups is shifted. Since it is not started, the start / stop as the boiler group 2 is suppressed, and responsiveness can be improved.

Moreover, according to the boiler system 1, when increasing the combustion amount of the boiler group 2, the low combustion group of the 1st boiler 21 and the 2nd boiler 22 which are low combustion priority boilers (two) are burned preferentially. Therefore, high combustion efficiency can be secured at an evaporation amount up to 2400 (kg / h). In addition, although it is not the target of the low combustion priority boiler, the low combustion group of the third boiler 23 is burned at the evaporation amount of 3900 (kg / h) after the low combustion group of the low combustion priority boiler. In addition, high combustion efficiency can be ensured.
As described above, since combustion positions are grouped to form a combustion group, a highly efficient combustion position can be easily and efficiently set.

  In addition, according to the program according to the first embodiment, since the first subroutine, the second subroutine, and the third subroutine are included, an appropriate driving operation can be easily performed according to the configuration of the boiler group 2 and the driving situation. Can be set.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
For example, in the said embodiment, although the boiler group 2 which comprises the boiler system 1 demonstrated the case where it comprised from three four position boilers and one three position boiler, the boiler group 2 was formed. The configuration of the boiler and the number of boilers can be arbitrarily set. In that case, it is needless to say that the configurations of the number of combustion positions and the evaporation amount of the boilers forming the boiler group 2 may all be the same.
Moreover, you may carry out combustion control for the one part boiler which can operate when some of the boilers which comprise the boiler group 2 are planned stop by failure, repair, etc. object.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the low combustion groups G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2), G3 (1,2) of the three four-position boilers 21, 22, 23 are from a plurality of combustion positions. Although the low combustion group G1 (1,2), G2 (1,2), G3 (1,2) is the combustion group having the highest combustion efficiency η as described above, for example, the lowest combustion When a plurality of middle combustion positions are set between the position and the top combustion position, the top combustion position and one or more middle combustion positions are grouped to form a high combustion group, or a plurality of The intermediate combustion group may be configured by grouping the higher combustion positions, or a plurality of intermediate combustion groups may be set when setting the intermediate combustion group.

Further, instead of the low combustion group, either the high combustion group or the middle combustion group may be set as the high efficiency combustion group, or the combustion efficiency at the combustion positions that are not grouped may be set as the highest efficiency.
Further, when configuring the boiler group, for example, a boiler having a low combustion group, a middle combustion group, and a high combustion group may be arbitrarily combined. In such a case, the low combustion group, the middle combustion group, and the high combustion group may be combined. Any combustion efficiency of the group may be the highest efficiency, and the combustion group or the combustion position where the combustion efficiency is the highest in each boiler is set to the low combustion group, the middle combustion group, the high combustion group, or the group. It is also possible to arbitrarily select from non-combusted combustion positions.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the control part 4 demonstrated the case where the control signal with respect to the four position boiler with most combustion positions in the boiler group 2 could be output, for example, a controller is N combustion. If there is a boiler that has only an output for the position and has a combustion position of (N + 1) or more in the boiler group 2, the combustion positions of (N + 1) or more are grouped together, By setting the total number of combustion groups to N or less, the above controller may be used to control a boiler having a combustion position of (N + 1) or more.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the evaporation amount is controlled using the vapor pressure P (t) in the steam header 6 as the physical quantity corresponding to the evaporation amount has been described, but instead of the pressure P (t). The evaporation amount may be controlled by using the evaporation amount or other physical quantity corresponding to the evaporation amount, such as the amount of steam used in the steam use facility 18.

In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which combustion positions are grouped and combustion groups are set so that both combustion efficiency η and transition time t are dominant, but either combustion efficiency η or transition time t A combustion group that predominates only one of them may be configured, or a combustion group may be set so that other characteristics predominate.
Needless to say, when setting the combustion group, neither the combustion efficiency η nor the transition time t is improved.

  An example of the schematic configuration of the program according to the present invention is shown as a flow diagram in FIGS. 5 to 8, but it goes without saying that the program may be configured using a method (algorithm) other than the above-described flow diagram. Nor.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the program includes the main routine, the first subroutine, the second subroutine, and the third subroutine has been described. However, the program may include only a part of these subroutines. Good.

In the above embodiment, the case where the combustion group is manually set in advance has been described. However, the combustion group may be automatically set using software such as a program.
In the above embodiment, the case where the predefined combustion group is controlled by executing the program has been described. For example, the combustion group is configured by using hardware means such as a relay and wiring. Also good.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the control according to the present invention is performed by a program has been described. However, it is natural that the control may be performed by analog control using an operational amplifier or the like regardless of the program. In such a case, the combustion group may be grouped when changing the evaporation amount, the priority order, etc. in consideration of the operation state of the boiler group 2 and the like.
In executing the boiler group control method, for example, mechanical means such as a pressure regulator may be used in part or in whole.

In addition, with regard to the conditions for shifting the combustion position to the higher order in the second subroutine, for example, a time lag until a preset evaporation amount is supplied, pressure (including pressure other than the steam header), temperature (other than steam temperature) And the like, the temperature of the combustion gas, etc.) may be configured to shift to a higher combustion position based on the evaporation amount or various instructions other than those described above that can correspond to the evaporation amount.
Further, in the second subroutine, the output at the time of shifting the combustion position to the upper level may be performed by the boiler group 2 or a controller provided in the boiler.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the storage medium for storing the program is the ROM has been described. However, in addition to the ROM, for example, EP-ROM, hard disk, flexible disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, CD A ROM, CD-R, magnetic tape, nonvolatile memory card, or the like may be used. Further, not only the operation of the above-described embodiment is realized by executing the program read out by the arithmetic unit, but an OS (operating system) operating in the arithmetic unit based on an instruction of the program performs actual processing. This includes a case where the operation of the above embodiment is realized by performing part or all of the above. Furthermore, after the program read from the storage medium is written to the memory provided in the function expansion board inserted in the operation unit or the function expansion unit connected to the operation unit, the function expansion is performed based on the instructions of the program. It goes without saying that the case where the CPU or the like provided in the board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing and the operation of the above-described embodiment is realized by the processing.

  Since the increase / decrease of the evaporation amount of the boilers constituting the boiler group can be efficiently controlled using the control means with a simple configuration, it is industrially applicable.

1 Boiler system 2 Boiler group 4 Controller (controller)
21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Boiler

Claims (14)

A program for controlling a boiler group including a boiler having a plurality of combustion positions in which the combustion amount increases or decreases in stages,
At least one of the boilers includes a combustion group configured by grouping combustion positions,
A program configured to control each combustion group. A program for controlling a boiler group including one or more boilers having a combustion position of (N + 1) or more by a controller that controls a boiler having a combustion position of N (N is an integer of 2 or more),
The boiler having the combustion position equal to or greater than (N + 1) includes a combustion group in which the combustion positions are grouped so that the control target is N or less.
A program configured to control each combustion group. The program according to claim 1 or 2,
A program configured to control at least one of the combustion groups for each combustion position constituting the combustion group. The program according to claim 1 or 2,
A program configured to control at least one of the combustion groups with one instruction. A program according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
A program configured to improve at least one of combustion efficiency and responsiveness when a plurality of combustion positions are grouped into the combustion group. The program according to claim 5,
Among the boilers that constitute the combustion group by grouping a plurality of combustion positions in order to improve the combustion efficiency, among the boilers with the highest combustion efficiency of the lowest low combustion group among the combustion groups in the boiler Set the target number of low combustion priority boilers,
A program configured to preferentially control combustion in the low combustion group of the low combustion priority boiler.   A controller comprising the program according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   A boiler system comprising the controller according to claim 7. A method for controlling a boiler group including a boiler having a plurality of combustion positions in which the amount of combustion gradually increases or decreases,
At least one of the boilers is provided with a combustion group configured by grouping combustion positions;
A control method for a boiler group, wherein the control is performed for each combustion group. A control method of a boiler group including one or more boilers having a combustion position of (N + 1) or more by a controller that controls a boiler having a combustion position of N (N is an integer of 2 or more),
A boiler having a combustion position equal to or greater than (N + 1) is provided with a combustion group in which the combustion positions are grouped so that the control target is N or less.
A control method for a boiler group, wherein the control is performed for each combustion group. A boiler group control method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein
A control method for a boiler group, wherein at least one of the combustion groups is controlled for each combustion position constituting the combustion group. A boiler group control method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein
A control method for a boiler group, wherein at least one of the combustion groups is controlled by one instruction. The boiler group control method according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
A boiler group control method characterized in that when a plurality of combustion positions are grouped into the combustion group, at least one of combustion efficiency and responsiveness is improved. The boiler group control method according to claim 13,
Among the boilers that constitute the combustion group by grouping a plurality of combustion positions in order to improve the combustion efficiency, among the boilers with the highest combustion efficiency of the lowest low combustion group among the combustion groups in the boiler Set the target number of low combustion priority boilers,
A boiler group control method characterized by preferentially controlling combustion in the low combustion group of the low combustion priority boiler.

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