JPWO2009104618A1 - High efficiency generator - Google Patents

Abstract

In a generator using electromagnetic induction, a significant improvement in power generation efficiency is realized by enabling suppression of anti-rotational force on the armature. In a generator with one of the armature and permanent magnet as the stator and the other as the rotor, the armature that crosses the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet is configured as a helically coiled conductor, and the load current is helical in the armature By deflecting the magnetic field lines generated when flowing through the coiled conductor in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet, interference between the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet and the magnetic field lines of the load current is suppressed, and the rotation deterrent force due to the load current is suppressed. Suppress the occurrence of

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator having high power generation efficiency using electromagnetic induction.

  Conventionally, as a power generation method of a generator using electromagnetic induction, a method in which a permanent magnet is generally used for either a rotor or a stator and an electromagnet is used for the other, and a method in which both the rotor and the stator are made of electromagnets However, the former method, in which one is a permanent magnet and the other is an electromagnet, is fundamental, as in, for example, a known document (see Patent Document 1). In other words, the latter method is equivalent to the former method by replacing the permanent magnet in the former method with an electromagnet and constantly supplying power to the electromagnet so as to perform the same operation as the permanent magnet. Therefore, in the following description, a generator using electromagnetic induction will be described on the assumption that either the rotor or the stator is a permanent magnet.

  In the case of a configuration in which a conventional generator using electromagnetic induction uses a permanent magnet as a stator and a conductive wire (armature) that generates electromotive force as a rotor, the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet (stator) are used as the rotor. It is utilized that an electromotive force is generated in the armature conductor in accordance with Fleming's right-hand rule when the lead wire (armature) moves.

  The generation of the electromotive force in the conductor by Fleming's right-hand rule is due to the relative motion between the external magnetic field lines by the permanent magnet and the conductor (armature) placed in it. Even if the generator is configured such that the stator is the stator and the permanent magnet is the rotor, the effect is exactly the same, and an electromotive force is generated in the conductor of the armature (in this case, the stator). Therefore, for the sake of simplicity, the following description will be made with a configuration in which a permanent magnet is used as a stator and an electromotive force (armature) that generates an electromotive force is used as a rotor, unless otherwise specified.

  When an electromotive force generated in the conducting wire (armature) is applied to a load connected to the outside, a load current is generated, and the load current inevitably flows through the conducting wire (armature). This load current generates a magnetic field line around the conductor (armature), and this magnetic field line interferes with the magnetic field line created by the permanent magnet. As a result, the force in accordance with Fleming's left-hand rule is applied to the conductor line (armature). As a counter-rotating force against the power, it is applied in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation for power generation.

  Therefore, in order to continue power generation in the conventional generator, the conductor (armature) must be forcibly rotated by constantly applying force from the outside against this anti-rotational force. . At this time, the larger the power generation output from the generator, the more inevitably a large counter-rotation force is generated. Therefore, a large power source that can overcome this counter-rotation force continuously is required.

  The generation principle of the anti-rotation force that cannot be avoided in the conventional generator and hinders the improvement in power generation efficiency will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1A shows an electric machine in which an electromotive force is generated between a terminal 104 and a terminal 105 by an armature (rotor) conducting wire 103 that rotates around a rotating shaft 102 in an external magnetic force line formed by a permanent magnet (stator) 101. It is a principle figure of a child rotation type generator. When a load (not shown) is connected between the terminal 104 and the terminal 105, a load current also flows through the armature conductor 103. In FIG. 1 (2), when the armature conductor 103 is in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, the external magnetic field lines between the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet (stator) 101 and the armature (rotor) conductor 103 are The relationship of magnetic field lines to be created is shown.

  In the portion on the left side of the armature lead wire 103 in the figure, a current flows from the front side to the back side of the drawing, so that a right-handed magnetic field line is generated according to Ampere's right-handed screw law. Similarly, in the portion on the right side of the armature conducting wire 103, a current flows from the back side to the front side of the page, so that a left-handed magnetic field line is generated. A circular magnetic field line (indicated by a circular arrow in the figure) formed around the armature conductor 103 and an external magnetic field line (indicated by a linear arrow in the figure) between the north and south poles of the stator 101 are on the same plane, Interfere with each other. In a place where “demagnetizing action occurs” in the same figure, the magnetic field lines formed by the armature conductors oppose the external magnetic field lines between the N pole and S pole of the stator 101. On the other hand, in a place where “magnetizing action is generated” in the same figure, the magnetic lines of force generated by the armature lead wire strengthen the external magnetic field lines between the N pole and S pole of the stator 101.

  As a result, the resultant magnetic field lines are forcibly distorted in the moving direction of the armature conductor as indicated by the curved arrows in FIG. This phenomenon becomes stronger as the load current increases. The magnetic lines of force have the effect of correcting this distortion, and a force for that purpose (the arrow marked with the anti-rotation force 107 in the figure) is applied to the conductor. This is the force generated according to Fleming's left-hand rule.

In the conventional generator, an electromotive force is continuously generated by moving the armature lead wire by continuously applying a large force from the outside against this force to correct the distortion of the magnetic field lines. As described above, the conventional generator requires a large generator driving energy for power generation.
JP 2007-336783 A

  As described above, the conventional generator inevitably requires a large external driving force in order to overcome the counter-rotating force generated by the load current flowing in the armature conductor and to rotate the armature. The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in a generator using electromagnetic induction, it is possible to suppress the anti-rotation force, which has been conventionally considered impossible by a novel structure, and thus, it is possible to increase the problem with a small driving force. It is to obtain an electromotive force, that is, to realize a significant improvement in power generation efficiency.

  As a first means for solving this problem, a high-efficiency generator according to the first aspect of the present invention is an electromagnetic induction generator in which one of an armature and a permanent magnet is a stator and the other is a rotor. The armature that crosses the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet is configured as a conducting part coiled in a spiral, and the magnetic lines generated when the load current flows through the coiled part of the armature in a spiral form are orthogonal to the magnetic lines of force generated by the permanent magnet. By deflecting in such a direction, the interference between the magnetic lines of force due to the permanent magnet and the magnetic lines of force due to the load current is suppressed, and the generation of the rotation deterring force due to the load current is suppressed.

  As a second means for solving this problem, a high-efficiency generator according to the second aspect of the present invention is an electromagnetic induction generator in which one of an armature and a permanent magnet is a stator and the other is a rotor. The armature that crosses the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet is configured as a concentric coil that combines a right-handed helically coiled conductor part and a left-handed spirally coiled conductor part. When the load current flows through the concentric coil, it turns right By minimizing the magnetic field lines generated by the helically coiled conductor and the magnetic lines generated by the left-handed spiral coil, the magnetic field generated outside the concentric coil is minimized when the load current flows through the concentric coil. In order to suppress the interference with the magnetic field lines by the permanent magnets and suppress the generation of rotation deterrence due to the load current, each coil has The power taken out by minimizing the internal impedance of the armature by causing counteracted by the action of the mutual inductance between the right-handed and left-handed coils himself inductance, characterized in that to allow maximized.

  According to the first or second means of the present invention, in an electromagnetic induction generator in which one of an armature and a permanent magnet is a stator and the other is a rotor, magnetic field lines and load current for generating an electromotive force by the permanent magnet are used. Since the interference between the magnetic field lines can be minimized, the generation of the rotation deterring force due to the load current can be suppressed, and as a result, a larger electromotive force can be obtained with a small driving force.

It is a figure explaining the generation | occurrence | production principle of the conventional anti-rotation force, The figure (1) is a principle figure of an armature rotary type generator, The figure (2) is the relationship between the magnetic force line which an external magnetic force line and an armature lead wire, Figure (3) shows the resultant magnetic field lines. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement principle of the generator by the 1st means of this invention, the figure (1) is Ampere's right-handed screw rule, the figure (2) is the magnetic field of a right-handed coil, and the figure (3) Indicates the magnetic field of the left-handed coil. It is a figure explaining the 1st means of this invention, The figure (1) is the structure of the conventional generator, The figure (2) is the figure seen from the axial direction of conducting wire, The figure (3) is a synthetic magnetic field. FIG. 4 (4) shows the structure of the generator according to the first means of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 (6) and 6 (6) show a view of the coiled conductor portion viewed from the axial direction. It is a figure explaining the coil used as an armature, The figure (1) shows a double reverse winding coil, and the figure (2) shows a 2n double reverse winding coil. It is a 1st Example of the generator of this invention, The figure (1) is a top view, The figure (2) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the mutual connection method of the armature of FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the equivalent circuit, the total electromotive force, and the load current. FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit, and FIG. 2B shows the relationship between the total electromotive force and the load current. The figure (1) is an armature connection diagram when a double counter-wound coil is used, and the figure (2) is a diagram showing a generator equivalent circuit of the figure (1). It is a 2nd Example of this invention, The figure (1) is a top view, The figure (2) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic force line to two sets of armatures of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a connection method for each armature layer arranged in a circle in FIG. 9, in which FIG. (1) shows a connection method of an upper armature, and FIG. (2) shows a connection method of a lower armature. . FIG. 2 is a series connection diagram of electromotive units by layer, in which FIG. 1A is a connection diagram of an upper electromotive unit, and FIG. 2B is a connection diagram of a lower electromotive unit. It is explanatory drawing of the taking-out method of an electric power generation output, The figure (1) shows serial connection and the figure (2) shows parallel connection. It is a figure which shows the evaluation experiment of the electromotive force characteristic of a double reverse winding coil, The figure (1) is an experimental apparatus front view, The figure (2) is an experimental apparatus side view, The figure (3) is an electromotive force characteristic measurement system FIG. 4 shows the measurement result of electromotive force characteristics.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Permanent magnet 102 Rotating shaft 103 Armature conducting wire 104,105 Terminal 106 Rotating force 107 Anti-rotating force 201 Conductor 202 Right-handed coil 203 Left-handed coil 204 Generated magnetic field line 205 Generated magnetic field line 301 Stator (permanent magnet)
302 External Magnetic Field Line 303 Conductor Wire 304 Load Current 305 Magnetic Field Line Generated by Load Current 306 Conductor Movement Direction 307 Magnetic Field Line Distortion 308 Force to Correct Magnetic Field Line Distortion 309 Stator (Permanent Magnet)
310 External Magnetic Field Line 311 Coiled Conductor Line 312 Magnetic Field Line Generated by Load Current 313 Movement Direction of Coiled Conductor Line 401 Right-handed Coiled Conductor Section 402 Left-handed Coiled Conductor Section 403 Armature (Double Reverse Coil)
404 Bobbin 405 Bobbin air core 406 First double-turn coil 407 Right-hand turn 408 Left-hand turn 409 Second double-turn coil 410 Right-hand turn 411 Left turn 412 Third double turn turn coil 413 Right turn 414 Left turn 415 Rotating disk 501 to 508 Permanent magnet 511 to 518 Armature 519 Rotating shaft 601 and 602 Connection portion 603 Rotating disk outer peripheral direction terminal of armature 518 604 Rotating disk outer peripheral terminal of armature 517 605 Between terminals Voltage (V)
606 Switch 607 Load impedance 608 Load current I _L
900 Rotating disk 901 Rotating shaft 1001 Rod-shaped permanent magnet 1002, 1003 Armature 1006 Magnetic field lines from rod-shaped permanent magnet 1101 Outer terminal S _{U of} armature _U 1
1102 Outer terminal E _U of armature _U 2
1103 Outer terminal S _L of armature _L 1
1104 Armature _L 2 outer terminal E _L
1201 Upper electromotive unit 1 by layer (winding layer 1: left-handed)
1202 Upper electromotive unit 2 by layer (winding layer 2: right-handed)
1203 Upper electromotive unit 3 by layer (winding layer 3: left-handed)
1204 Upper electromotive unit 4 by layer (winding layer 4: right-handed)
1211 Lower electromotive unit 1 by layer (winding layer 1: left-handed)
1212 Layered lower electromotive unit 2 (winding layer 2: right-handed)
1213 Lower electromotive unit 3 by layer (winding layer 3: left-handed)
1214 Lower electromotive unit 4 by layer (winding layer 4: right-handed)
1401 Permanent (bar) magnet 1402 Measurement armature 1403 Inner right-handed coil 1404 Outer left-handed coil 1405 Magnetic field linkage direction 1406 Reference single wire

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the generator according to the first means of the present invention. The figure (1) is a well-known figure of Ampere's right-hand screw law, showing that when a current is passed through a single linear conductor 201, magnetic lines of force are generated around the conductor in the direction of the arrow. This corresponds to the case where a load current flows through the armature conductor of the conventional generator as shown in FIG.

  When a current is passed through the right-handed coil 202 as shown in FIG. 2 (2) instead of this single linear conducting wire, a magnetic force line 204 in the direction of the arrow in the figure passing through the coil cross section is generated. If this right-handed coil is considered as one bar magnet, it shows magnetism such that the end where the current flows is the S pole and the end where the current flows out is the N pole.

  Similarly, FIG. 2 (3) shows a case where a current is passed through the left-handed coil 203. The generated magnetic field line 205 passes through the coil cross section, and the direction thereof is the direction of the arrow in the figure. That is, when the coil is considered as one bar magnet, it exhibits magnetism such that the end where the current flows is the N pole and the end where the current flows out is the S pole.

When the diameter of the coil in FIG. 2 (2) or (3) is sufficiently smaller than the coil length, the magnetic line density B [wb / m ² ] generated from the coil is the number of turns N [turns] and the coil It is proportional to the flowing current i [A] and is given by the following equation.
B = μ · N · i [wb / m ² ] (1)
Here, μ is a constant called magnetic permeability, and is 1.257 × 10 ^−6, which is equal to the vacuum magnetic permeability when the coil is an air core.

In the conventional generator, the lines of magnetic force generated by the load current flowing through the armature conductors are as shown in FIG. 2 (1). Therefore, as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the armature conductor is coiled in a spiral shape as shown in FIG. 2 (2) or FIG. 2 (3), so that in FIG. 2 (2) 204 and FIG. 2 (3) 205 As shown, the magnetic field lines generated by the load current are confined inside the coil in the coil portion, and the direction of the magnetic field lines is along the central axis of the coil. This spiral coiled conductor is shown in Fig. 1 (2
) Of the armature lead wire 103 instead of the armature lead wire portion 103, the magnetic field lines generated by the load current flowing through the armature lead wire portion are orthogonal to the external magnetic force lines for power generation. Does not occur.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the first means of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 3 (1) shows the structure of a conventional generator. One armature (rotor) placed in an external magnetic field line 302 by a stator (permanent magnet) 301 having N and S poles. A load current i304 is flowing through the conductor 303, and a magnetic field line 305 is generated around the conductor in accordance with Ampere's right-handed screw law. If the same phenomenon is seen from the axial direction of this conducting wire, it will become like FIG. 3 (2). The conductive wire 303 is perpendicular to the back side from the front side of the paper surface, and the load current i304 flows from the front side to the back side of the paper surface. Magnetic field lines 305 generated by the load current i304 flowing through the conductive wire 303 are clockwise. The circular magnetic field lines 305 and the external magnetic field lines 302 between the north and south poles of the stator 301 interact with each other.

  That is, in the region where “demagnetization occurs” in FIG. 3B, the magnetic field lines 305 formed by the conducting wire 303 resist the external magnetic field lines. On the other hand, in the region where “magnetization occurs”, the magnetic lines 305 formed by the conducting wire 303 strengthen the external magnetic lines 302. Here, as shown in FIG. 3 (3), when a force (rotational force for power generation) is applied to the conducting wire 303 from the outside and moved in the direction shown in FIG. 306, the resultant combined magnetic field line is shown in FIG. 307. As shown, the lead wire 303 is forcibly bent and distorted in the moving direction (direction 306). Since the magnetic field lines have a function to correct this distortion, a force (force shown in FIG. 308) due to this function is applied to the conductive wire 303. This is the force applied to the conductor when a current is passed through the conductor in a magnetic field known as Fleming's left-hand rule. In the conventional generator, the conductor 303 is moved in the direction of FIG. 306 with a large external force (rotation force for power generation) against the force (anti-rotation force 308) for correcting the distortion of the magnetic field lines. By continuously moving it, it keeps generating electromotive force. 3 (1) to FIG. 3 (3) show only a portion where current flows from the front side to the back side of the paper surface as the conductive wire 303, and the left half in FIG. 1 (2) and FIG. 1 (3) respectively. Explains the operation. Since the operations in the right half of FIGS. 1 (2) and 1 (3) are exactly the same, they are omitted here.

  On the other hand, FIG. 3 (4) shows the structure of the high-efficiency generator according to the first means of the present invention. The external magnetic field lines 310 generated by the permanent magnet 309 (being a stator) having N and S poles are shown. The armature configured as the conductive wire portion 311 that is coiled in a spiral shape is configured to cross the rotor. With this configuration, the magnetic field lines 312 that are generated when the load current i flows in the direction shown in the figure through the spirally coiled conductor portion 311 pass through the inside of the spirally coiled conductor portion 311 and spirally. It is deflected in the direction along the central axis of the coiled conductor 311, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the external magnetic field lines 310 by the permanent magnet 309 for generating an electromotive force.

  When the same phenomenon is seen from the axial direction of the conducting wire portion 311 that is coiled in a spiral shape, the result is as shown in FIG. That is, the magnetic lines of force generated by the load current i pass through the inside of the conductive wire portion 311 that is spirally coiled, and the direction thereof is perpendicular to the back side from the front side of the paper. (I.e., orthogonal), and no interaction (demagnetization or magnetization) occurs between the lines of magnetic force.

  3 (4) to 3 (6) show the state of the magnetic lines of force when the coil is wound clockwise, but when using the coil wound counterclockwise, the direction of the lines of magnetic force changes from the back side to the front side of the page. Since the direction is reversed by 180 ° in the perpendicular direction and is also orthogonal to the external magnetic field lines, there is no interaction between the two magnetic field lines.

The load current i in FIG. 3 (4) is obtained by applying a force (rotational force from the outside for power generation) to the conducting wire portion 311 that is coiled in a spiral shape at 313 in FIG. 3 (5) and FIG. 3 (6). The electromotive force e generated by moving in the direction shown is inevitably generated by being applied to an externally connected load (not shown). The state in which the magnetic force lines generated inside the conductive wire portion 311 spirally coiled by the load current i are perpendicular to the external magnetic force lines is the direction indicated by reference numeral 313 in FIGS. 3 (5) and (6). Therefore, no interaction (demagnetizing action or magnetizing action) occurs between the lines of magnetic force. Therefore, the magnetic field lines are not distorted. As a result, no force is generated to correct the distortion of the magnetic field lines in accordance with Fleming's left-hand rule, so that the rotational force applied from the outside does not receive a large counter-rotating force as in FIG. That is, since the interference between the magnetic field lines due to the load current and the magnetic field lines due to the permanent magnet is suppressed, the generation of the rotation deterring force due to the load current is suppressed. Can continue to generate.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (2) and 3 (3), the electromotive force e [V] generated in the conducting wire portion by moving the linear conducting wire 303 across the external magnetic force line is substantially equal to the conductive wire crossing the external magnetic force line 302. The length is l [m], and the magnetic line density of the magnetic field lines crossed by the conducting wire is B [wb / m ^2].
], And the relative movement speed between the conductor and the magnetic field line is v [m / s].
e = B · l · v [wb / m ² ] (2)
3 (5) and FIG. 3 (6), in the case of the generator of the present invention in which the conductor portion 312 spirally coiled instead of the linear conductor is used as the armature, By setting the length of the coil in the cylinder direction instead of the total length of the wound conducting wire to l [m], an electromotive force having a value obtained by applying the above formula as it is can be obtained. Even in the case where the coiled conductor portion crosses the magnetic field lines, it is possible to obtain an electromotive force equivalent to a linear conductor equal to the length of the coil in the cylinder direction by an experiment described later shown in FIG. Has also been confirmed.

  When the spirally coiled conductive wire portion 311 is moved (rotated) in the direction shown in FIGS. 3 (5) and 3 (6) 313 by a rotational force from the outside, the electromotive force e is as shown in FIG. 3 (6) occurs in the direction from the front surface to the back surface of the paper (the direction along the central axis of the coil). As a result, when an external load (not shown) is connected to both ends of the conducting wire portion 311, the load A current i flows through the conductor portion 311 in the direction shown in FIG. The direction of the electromotive force e does not change even if the spirally coiled conductor 311 is wound clockwise as shown in FIG. 3 (4) or conversely counterclockwise. This has also been confirmed by the later-described experiment shown in FIG. In order to reverse the direction of the electromotive force e, that is, the direction in which the load current flows, by 180 °, the rotational force applied to the conducting wire portion 311 from the outside is 180 ° to the direction shown in FIGS. 3 (5) and 3 (6) 313. The conductive wire portion 311 that is reversed, that is, spirally coiled, may be rotated in the opposite direction.

  FIG. 14 shows that the electromotive force generated when the coil crosses the magnetic field lines is equal to the electromotive force generated by a single conductor equal to the length of the coil in the cylinder direction, that is, the electromotive force is determined by the length of the conductor perpendicular to the magnetic field lines crossing the magnetic field lines. Moreover, the direction (polarity) of the electromotive force shows an experimental apparatus configuration and experimental results for demonstrating that the winding method of the coil does not change whether the winding is right-handed or left-handed.

  FIG. 14 (1) is a front view of the experimental apparatus, and FIG. 14 (b) is a side view thereof. On the circumference of the rotating disk, 32 bar magnets are arranged at equal intervals, and adjacent magnets are arranged to have opposite polarities, and this disk is rotated at a constant speed. An armature for measurement 1402 was arranged in the nearest vicinity not in contact with the disk, and an electromotive force waveform generated by magnetic lines crossing the armature 1402 was observed with an oscilloscope. FIG. 14 (3) shows the relative positional relationship between the bar magnet and the armature, but the bar magnet and the armature coil are arranged at right angles. In this armature coil, a right-handed coil 1403 and a left-handed coil 1404 are concentrically overlapped, and a single straight conductor (reference single wire 1406) is inserted into the hollow portion. The reference single wire 1406, the right-handed coil 1403, and the left-handed coil 1404 all have the same length (about 80 mm).

  When the bar magnet moves from the front side to the back side in FIG. 14 (3), the direction of the lines of magnetic force crossing the armature at right angles alternately changes as indicated by the thick arrows 1405 in the figure. At this time, assuming that the electromotive force waveform induced in the outer left-handed coil 1404 is waveform 1, the electromotive force waveform induced in the inner right-handed coil 1403 is waveform 2, and the electromotive force waveform induced in the reference single wire 1406 is waveform 3, each waveform. As shown in FIG. 14 (4), it was confirmed by actual measurement that the phase and voltage were almost equal. This indicates that the precondition of the present invention that the same electromotive force as that of a single wire equal to the coil length can be obtained in both the right-handed coil and the left-handed coil is technically correct.

  The high-efficiency generator according to the second means of the present invention is a generator using electromagnetic induction composed of a stator and a rotor, and a conductor portion obtained by coiling an armature that crosses magnetic lines of force by a permanent magnet into a right-handed spiral shape. Constructed as a concentric coil that combines left-hand spiral coiled conductors, and when the load current flows through the concentric coil, the magnetic field generated by the right-hand spiral coil and the left-hand spiral coil By canceling out the magnetic lines of force generated by the parts, the magnetic lines generated outside the concentric coil when the load current flows through the concentric coil are minimized to suppress interference with the magnetic lines of force by the permanent magnet, and the rotation deterring force is generated by the load current. Repress.

  FIG. 4 (1) shows a concentric coil which is a combination of a right-handed spiral coiled conductor 401 and a left-handed spiral coil used in a high efficiency generator according to the second means of the present invention. An example of the structure of the armature 403 is shown. On a single bobbin 404 having high electrical insulation, a conductive wire made of a highly conductive conductor (for example, copper or copper alloy) is turned left-handed and right-handed. These are concentric coils each of which is tightly wound to form two coils, and will be referred to as a double counter-winding coil for convenience. In addition, since these conducting wires contact each other when being wound in a coil shape, in order to prevent direct current from flowing between each other by this contact, each conducting wire is covered with a highly insulating jacket, so-called Use enameled coated wire. The bobbins 404 of these coils are preferably air-centered as shown in FIG.

  In the armature (concentric coil as a double counter-winding coil) 403 in FIG. 4A, when the same load current flows through the conducting wire portion 401 coiled in a right-handed spiral and the conducting wire portion 402 coiled in a left-handed spiral. The magnetic lines of force generated in are concentrated inside the bobbin 404 (that is, the air core part 405 of the bobbin 404) and are opposite to each other. For this reason, these magnetic field lines are substantially canceled out and minimized. As a result, the line of magnetic force that goes out of the concentric coil 403 when the load current flows through the conducting wire portion 401 coiled in a right-handed spiral and the conducting wire portion 402 coiled in a left-handed spiral shape is also minimized. Interference with the magnetic field lines is suppressed, and the generation of rotation deterrence due to the load current is suppressed.

  FIG. 4 (1) shows a configuration example in which the lead wire portion coiled in a left-handed spiral is wound inside the lead wire portion 401 coiled in a right-handed spiral shape, but even if this order is reversed, It will be apparent from the above description that the effect of minimizing the interference between the magnetic field lines caused by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field lines caused by the load current does not change.

  In order to allow the same load current to flow through the right-handed spiral coiled conductor 401 and the left-handed spiraled coil 402 of the double reverse wound coil 403, these two coils may be connected in series. Normally, multiple (even) armatures are used to increase the total electromotive force as a generator. In this case, first connect the right-handed coils of all the armatures to be used in series, It is good also as a structure of connecting the left-handed coil of an armature in series, and connecting both in series on it.

  In the conventional generator, as a means for increasing the electromotive force per one armature, in order to effectively lengthen the length l of the conductor crossing the external magnetic field lines shown in FIG. The conductive wire is wound n times in a coil shape so as to cross the same magnetic field line n times, and the effective conductive wire length is set to n × l [m].

  On the other hand, in the generator using the second means of the present invention, as a means for increasing the electromotive force per one armature, as shown in FIG. The length of the effective conductor part for power generation can be increased to 2n × l [m] by the method of concentrically overlapping the 2n double-turn coil structure. FIG. 4 (2) shows an example in the case of n = 3, and a second double-winding coil 406 composed of a right-handed portion 407 and a left-handed portion 408, and a second 2 composed of a right-handed portion 410 and a left-handed portion 411. A structure is shown in which a six-fold reverse-winding coil 415 is formed by concentrating three double-back-winding coils 409 including a double-back-winding coil 409 and a third double-back-winding coil 412 including a right-handed portion 413 and a left-handed portion 414.

  FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention in which a permanent magnet is used as a rotor and an armature is used as a stator. FIG. 5 (1) is a top view thereof, FIG. ) Is a side view. The generator of the present embodiment includes a rotating disk 500 that rotates around a bearing, eight permanent magnets 501 to 508 that are attached at equal intervals along the circumferential portion of the rotating disk, and an equiangular angle from the center of the rotating disk 500. The eight armatures 511 to 518 are fixed so as to be positioned in the gaps between the end faces of the north and south poles of the permanent magnets 501 to 508 along the radiation extending in the eight directions. In order to simplify the configuration, all the eight permanent magnets have the same shape and the same characteristics, and all the eight armatures have the same shape and the same characteristics. In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, the case of eight armatures and eight permanent magnets is illustrated. However, the number is not limited to this, and generally 2 m of permanent magnets (m is an arbitrary natural number). And armature s (s is an arbitrary natural number of 2 m or less).

  The rotating disk 500 is made so that it receives a rotating shaft 519 attached to its center by a roller bearing or the like and rotates with as little frictional resistance as possible, and is given a rotational force through an external drive mechanism (not shown). . As shown in the side view of FIG. 5B, the shape of the permanent magnets 501 to 508 is such that each of the armatures 511 to 518 maintains an appropriate margin between the end faces of the N and S poles of each permanent magnet. Is configured to sandwich. Further, the permanent magnets 501 to 508 arranged along the circumferential portion of the rotating disk 500 are arranged so that the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are different from each other, as shown in the top view of FIG.

  When the first embodiment of the present invention is implemented by the first means of the present invention, the right-handed coil shown in FIG. 2 (2) or the left-handed winding shown in FIG. 2 (3) is used as the armatures 511 to 518 in FIG. Use a coil. At this time, the magnetic lines of force between the N and S poles of each of the permanent magnets 501 to 508 and the magnetic lines of force generated inside each armature (coil) by rotation of each permanent magnet are orthogonal to each other. Thus, the anti-rotation force which prevents rotation of the rotary disk 500 which attached each permanent magnet does not arise.

  Now, consider the case in FIG. 5 where the rotating disk 500 rotates clockwise and the permanent magnet 501 crosses the armature 511. At this time, when viewed from the armature 511 relatively, the armature 511 crosses the magnetic field lines from the N pole to the S pole of the permanent magnet 501 in the counterclockwise direction. An electromotive force e that causes a current to flow toward the center of the disk is generated. The direction of the electromotive force is indicated by an arrow near the armature 511 in FIG. At this time, the permanent magnet 502 crosses the armature 512 at the same time. However, since the direction of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 502 is opposite, an electromotive force e is generated in the armature 512 toward the outer side of the rotating disk. In the same manner, the armature 513 is the inner direction of the rotating disk, the armature 514 is the outer direction of the rotating disk, the armature 515 is the inner direction of the rotating disk, the armature 516 is the outer direction of the rotating disk, the armature 517 is the inner direction of the rotating disk, In the child 518, an electromotive force e having the same magnitude is generated toward the outer side of the rotating disk.

  Therefore, by connecting these eight armatures 511 to 518 as shown in FIG. 6, all the electromotive forces e generated by these eight armatures are added in the same direction, so that the maximum power generation An output (8e in the case of the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) is obtained.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the connecting portion connecting the armatures crosses the magnetic field lines between the north and south poles of each rotating permanent magnet, the connecting portion is obtained. However, since an electromotive force is generated and the electromotive force in each armature may be offset, in order to prevent such an electromotive force from being generated, the connection between the armature coils is performed at connection portions 601 and 602 in FIG. As described above, wiring is performed in a shape that is concentric with the rotating disk 500.

  In principle, the output power can be taken anywhere in the circuit. However, as mentioned above, it is better to use a wiring that is less affected by the permanent magnets on the rotating disk. Is preferable. In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, the rotary disk outer peripheral direction terminal 603 of the armature 518 and the rotary disk outer peripheral direction terminal 604 of the armature 517 are taken out.

The peak value e of the electromotive force generated in each armature is basically represented by the formula (2), and by arranging the armatures as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, all the electromotive forces are directed in the same direction. The total electromotive force E (peak value) is expressed as E = 8e. The inter-terminal voltage V (605) between the terminals 603 and 604 in FIG. 6 is equal to the total electromotive force E when the switch 606 is open (no load). When switch 606 is closed, load current I _L
Flows. An equivalent circuit at this time is shown in FIG. If the internal impedance of each armature is only a pure resistance and the load impedance is also a pure resistance, the load current will be in phase with the voltage, but in reality each armature is coiled and has an inductance and the internal impedance is Inductive reactance is included as well as pure resistance, and load current I _{L with} respect to total electromotive force E for both pure resistance load and inductive reactance load
The phase becomes a delay angle, and the relationship between them is as shown in FIG. If the load is a capacitive reactance, the current vector of FIG. 7 (2) is lifted upward, and if the capacitive reactance is so large as to cancel the inductive reactance of the armature internal impedance, the current vector of FIG. 7 (2). Comes on the x-axis (horizontal axis).

When the first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention having the configuration shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is implemented by the first means of the present invention, the maximum power that can be extracted outside is the internal impedance value of the eight armature coils. And the sum of the resistance values of the wiring portions connecting the armature coils, the conductor portion of each armature coil is a conductor with a large wire diameter made of copper or copper alloy having high conductivity, and the conductor diameter is It should be as thick as possible.
In this case, it is more preferable to use a superconducting coil for the conductor part because the internal resistance is extremely small.

  When the first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention is implemented by the second means of the present invention, as the armatures 511 to 518 in FIG. 5, the double counter-wound coil shown in FIG. 4 (1) or FIG. The concentric coil by the 2n double reverse winding coil shown in FIG. At this time, the magnetic lines of force between the north and south poles of the permanent magnets 501 to 508 and the lines of magnetic force generated inside the armatures (concentric coils) by rotation of the permanent magnets are orthogonal to each other. Since the armature is a double counter-winding coil or 2n double counter-winding coil, the directions of the magnetic lines generated by the right-handed coil and the left-handed coil are opposite to each other and cancel each other, so that the magnetic field lines generated inside each armature (concentric coil) itself Will be very small from the beginning. For this reason, the counter-rotating force with respect to the rotating disk 500 can be minimized as in the case of using the first means of the present invention or more, and a highly efficient generator can be configured.

A further important feature of the generator according to the second means of the present invention is that the inductance generated by coiling the conductor can be suppressed as a result, the internal impedance of the generator can be minimized, and the output power can be maximized.
Since the right-handed coil and the left-handed coil are wound concentrically, mutual induction by electromagnetic coupling occurs between the two coils as taught by electromagnetics. The inductance due to this mutual induction is the mutual inductance, and the mutual inductance is added to the self-inductance of each coil to obtain the overall inductance.

で表わされる。ここにｋは二つのコイルの結合状態によって決まる定数で、電磁的結合度が最も高い場合に１、電磁的結合度が皆無の場合に０となる。
コイル１とコイル２が直列接続される場合の総合インダクタンスＬ［ヘンリー］は、二つのコイルが発生する磁力線が同一方向を向くか、逆方向を向くかにより、それぞれ
Ｌ＝Ｌ₁ ＋Ｌ₂ ＋２Ｍ
または
Ｌ＝Ｌ₁ ＋Ｌ₂ −２Ｍ
となる。前者はコイルの和動接続の場合、後者はコイルの差動接続の場合の合成インダクタンスを表わす式である。According to the basic theory of electromagnetism, the mutual inductance M [Henry] indicates that the self-inductance of the coil 1 is L ₁ [Henry] and the self-inductance of the coil 2 is L _2.
[Henry]

It is represented by Here, k is a constant determined by the coupling state of the two coils, and is 1 when the electromagnetic coupling degree is the highest, and 0 when there is no electromagnetic coupling degree.
When the coil 1 and the coil 2 are connected in series, the total inductance L [Henry] is L = L ₁ + L ₂ + 2M, depending on whether the magnetic field lines generated by the two coils are directed in the same direction or in opposite directions, respectively.
Or L = L ₁ + L ₂ −2M
It becomes. The former is a formula representing the combined inductance in the case of the coil connection, and the latter is the combined inductance in the case of the differential connection of the coil.

Since the double counter-wound coil used in the present invention (the same applies to the 2n double counter-winding coil) is used to reverse the directions of the magnetic lines of force, the combined inductance is expressed by a differential connection equation.
Here, when looking at the 2n double-reverse coil shown in FIG. 4 again, since both the coil 1 and the coil 2 have the same length and have a concentric structure, L ₁ ≈L ₂
And k≈1.
As a result, L = L ₁ + L ₂ −2M
≒ L ₁ + L ₁ -2L ₁ = 0
Thus, the combined inductance of the electromotive circuit can be suppressed to a value close to 0.

  Therefore, the armature connection diagram that should be applied when the second means of the present invention is applied to the first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention is as shown in FIG. This is a case where n = 1, but the case where n is plural can be easily expanded. After the armature first layer and second layer coils are separately connected as described with reference to FIG. 6, the output from the first layer coil of the armature 8 is used as the input of the second layer coil of the armature 1. And the electromotive force doubled is obtained by connecting a load between the input of the first layer coil of the armature 1 and the output of the second layer coil of the armature 8.

  In addition, as described above, the first layer and the second layer are reversely wound, but the same load current flows therethrough, so that the magnetic field lines generated by the respective coils cancel each other, and almost no magnetic field lines are generated from the armature coil. It will not come out. Furthermore, an inductor is not generated despite the use of a coil. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8B, the equivalent circuit of this generator can be assumed to have substantially no internal inductance. The electromotive force can be increased almost proportionally when the number of layers used in the armature is increased. Although the internal inductance can be made substantially zero as described above, the internal resistance of the generator due to the resistance value of the conducting wire increases more than the proportionality of the number of layers because the length of the conducting wire used becomes longer as the outer coil is used. For this reason, it becomes a big subject on the implementation | achievement of the generator by this invention to suppress the resistance value per unit length of conducting wire as small as possible.

In order to increase the electromotive force (output voltage) when implementing the first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention by the first means of the present invention,
(1) Increase the magnetic force (magnetic line density B) of the permanent magnet,
(2) Increasing the effective coil length (l) of the armature that crosses the magnetic field lines,
(3) Increase the speed (v) that crosses the magnetic field lines,
(4) Increase the number of magnetic poles that pass when the rotating disk makes one revolution,
(1) selection of appropriate permanent magnet material, (2) increase in armature coil length and permanent magnet size, (3) increase in rotation speed and diameter of rotating disk, etc. Design item.

Further, when the first embodiment of the generator according to the present invention is implemented by the second means of the present invention, the effect of the above (2) is further improved by increasing the number of multiplexed 2n double-turn coils per armature coil bobbin. Can be increased.
In any case, the optimum design can be performed by comprehensively examining the advantages and disadvantages from the engineering viewpoint including the item (4).
If superconducting materials are used, the internal resistance of the armature winding can be made extremely small, or if superconducting electromagnets are used instead of permanent magnets, there is a possibility that a very large magnetic force will be obtained. It is an examination subject.

Since each armature in the first embodiment of the generator of the present invention crosses the permanent magnet magnetic field lines that are opposite to each other alternately as the rotating disk rotates, the generated voltage output becomes an AC voltage, and its frequency is the rotating disk. And the number of permanent magnet poles through which one armature passes when the rotating disk rotates once. If the rotational speed is N [times / second] and the number of poles of the permanent magnet through which one armature passes when the rotating disk makes one rotation is P, the frequency F [Hz] of the output voltage is

F = NP / 2 [Hz] (3)

Given in.
For example, if the rotational speed of the disk is 600 rpm and the number of magnets around the disk is 32, the output frequency will be about 160 Hz.

  In the first embodiment of the generator of the present invention, when a design method for increasing the rotational speed of the rotating disk is employed in order to increase the power generation output, the frequency of the output voltage also increases according to the above equation. If the frequency becomes too high, causing inconvenience in application, an external inverter can be added and converted to an appropriate output frequency.

Rotating force from an external drive system is required to rotate the rotating disk for power generation. The load torque that the external drive system needs to apply to this rotating disk is generally (a) torque T _f that opposes frictional resistance, and (b) torque T _j that opposes inertia of the rotating disk.
(C) It can be classified into three types of torque T _w that opposes the counter-rotating force during operation of the generator.

In the generator of the present invention, the generation of the anti-rotation force due to the load current, which was unavoidable with the conventional generator, is suppressed, and therefore the torque T _{w in} (c) can be regarded as almost zero. On the other hand, in the generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a large number of permanent magnets are arranged and attached on the circumference of the rotating disk, so that the torque T _{j in} (b) is considerably larger than that of the conventional generator. However, this torque is a force required for starting or increasing / decreasing the rotation speed, and since it becomes almost zero when the rotating disk once reaches the steady rotation speed and continues to rotate, it does not cause a large practical problem. .

  Furthermore, the fact that a large external torque is required at startup and acceleration / deceleration means that the moment of inertia of the rotating disk is large, and that a large moment of inertia is effective for maintaining a stable rotation of the generator. It is rather desirable.

Accordingly, the torque T _{f in} (a) is a driving torque necessary for the generator of the present invention to perform steady rotation for power generation, and the magnitude thereof is the frictional resistance of the bearing portion and the driving force transmission mechanism, and the rotating disk. It depends on the air resistance. In particular, how to suppress the air resistance is a problem in designing the generator of the present invention.
In order to reduce the air resistance, it is desirable that the environment in which the disk rotates is in a vacuum state or a reduced pressure state close to a vacuum state.
In order to reduce the frictional resistance of the bearing portion, it is desirable to use a magnetic levitation type non-contact bearing. In this case, the possibility of using the superconducting type is also considered.

In the first embodiment of the generator of the present invention, since the shape of the permanent magnet is a horseshoe shape as shown in FIG. 5 (2), there is a problem that the air resistance tends to increase. Moment of inertia T _j tends to increase weight
May increase more than necessary, and a large driving force may be required at startup. Further, such specially shaped permanent magnets increase the manufacturing cost.

  As one method for solving the above-mentioned difficulty in the first embodiment of the generator of the present invention, FIG. 9 shows the power generation according to the present invention when a permanent magnet is used as a rotor and an armature is used as a stator. 2 shows a second embodiment of the machine.

In a second embodiment of the generator according to the present invention, a rotating disk rotating around a rotating shaft, and an outer edge of the rotating disk are attached at equal intervals using a permanent magnet holder. Arbitrary even number (2m) of rod-shaped permanent magnets arranged so that the polarities of the upper and lower magnetic poles are opposite to each other and the rotating disk are attached at positions close to the upper magnetic pole end face of each rod-shaped permanent magnet S (s is an arbitrary natural number of 2 m or less) upper armatures (for example, the armature _{U in} FIG. 9B)
3, _U 7) and s number of lower armatures (for example, armature _{L in} FIG. 9 (2)) attached to positions close to the lower magnetic pole end face of each rod-like permanent magnet so as not to contact the rotating disk
3, _L 7).

  FIG. 9 (1) is a top view of a second embodiment of the generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 (2) is a side view of the second embodiment of the generator according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9 (1) and FIG. 9 (2), the shape of each permanent magnet attached to the rotating disk 900 is a simple bar (not limited to a round bar, the cross section may be a rectangle). Arbitrary even numbers (2m, 8 in the example of FIG. 9) of rod-like permanent magnets are provided on the outer edge of the rotating disk 900 that rotates about the rotating shaft 901 by a driving force from an external driving system (not shown). Attach them at regular intervals using a permanent magnet holder. For simplicity, the shape and characteristics of these rod-shaped permanent magnets are all the same.

At this time, the rod-shaped permanent magnets adjacent to each other (for example, the magnet 1 and the magnet 2 in FIG. 9) are arranged so that the upper and lower magnetic pole polarities are opposite to each other. The armature _U is positioned at a position close to the top pole end face of each rod-like permanent magnet so as not to contact the rotating disk 900.
1, armature _U 2, armature _U 3, armature and ... armature _U 8, at a position close to the lower pole end faces of the rod-shaped permanent magnets _L
1, armature _L 2, armature _L 3,... Armature _L 8 are attached. For simplicity, these armatures have the same shape and characteristics.

FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the generator according to the present invention, in which the magnetic lines generated by each bar-shaped permanent magnet cross each armature (relatively each armature crosses the magnetic field lines generated by each bar-shaped permanent magnet. 9 is a diagram for explaining how the electromotive force is generated, and the rod-like permanent magnet 3 (1101 in FIG. 10) on the rotating disk 900 in the side view of FIG. 2 armatures _U
3 (1002 in FIG. 10) and the state of the magnetic field lines 1006 at the moment of passing through the position of the armature _L3 (1003 in FIG. 10). In FIG. 9, the rotating disk 900 is rotated by an external drive system (not shown), and this rotation causes the rod-like permanent magnet 1001 to move in the direction from the back to the front in FIG. Is equivalent to the fact that each armature (1002, 1003) is moving from the front to the back of the page, and in accordance with Fleming's right-hand rule, each of these two armatures is denoted by e in FIG. An electromotive force in the direction of the arrow is generated.

  As the rotating disk rotates, at the next moment, the rod-shaped permanent magnets (permanent magnet 6 in FIG. 9 (1)) having opposite magnetic pole directions pass through the positions of the two armatures 1002 and 1003. Sometimes, an opposite electromotive force is generated in each armature. As described above, the bar-shaped permanent magnets whose polarities are alternately reversed with the rotation of the rotating disk pass through the positions of the two armatures, and the AC electromotive force having the same orientation can be obtained in each of the two armatures. become.

  In the second embodiment of the present invention, by using a simple rod-shaped magnet as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 as the permanent magnet, not only the cost can be reduced but also the air resistance can be reduced. Furthermore, by covering all the rod-like permanent magnets on the rotating disk with a cover made of a thin non-magnetic material such as plastic, the air resistance during rotation can be further reduced without affecting the lines of magnetic force.

  When trying to implement the second embodiment of the present invention by the first means of the present invention, the right-handed coil shown in FIG. 2 (2) or the left-handed coil shown in FIG. 2 (3) is used as each armature of FIG. Will be used. In this case, when the load current flows through the coils of the armatures 1002 and 1003 in FIG. 10, the magnetic lines of force (not shown) that go out of the coils, and the lines of magnetic force from the rod-like permanent magnets on the rotating disk (FIG. 10). 1006), a portion that is not perpendicular to the surface is generated, and interaction occurs. Therefore, an attractive force or a repulsive force acts between each rod-like permanent magnet and each armature, and smooth rotation of the rotating disk may be hindered. . Therefore, in implementing the second embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to suppress the generation of magnetic field lines from each armature as much as possible, and for this purpose, the second means of the present invention is useful.

  When the second embodiment of the present invention is implemented by the second means of the present invention, the double counter-winding coil shown in FIG. 4 (1) or the 2n-fold shown in FIG. 4 (2) is used as each armature of FIG. A concentric coil by a reverse winding coil (any even number of reverse winding coils) is used. The electromotive force per armature can be increased by setting each armature coil to 2n-fold. In the following description, the number of concentric coils is assumed to be 4 (n = 2) for simplicity, but in general, the value of n can be arbitrarily increased to further increase the electromotive force of each armature.

  When the second embodiment of the present invention of FIG. 9 is implemented by the second means of the present invention, in order to take out the maximum electromotive force as the whole generator by adding the electromotive force of each armature, Connections as shown in FIGS. 11 (1) and 11 (2) are made for each layer of multi-layer (2n layers) concentric coils wound on the same bobbin.

  That is, in the second embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 9, the pole-shaped permanent magnets mounted on the rotating disk are opposite in polarity to each other, so that the adjacent armatures are opposite to each other. The directions of the electromotive forces are opposite to each other. Therefore, for each set of 2m upper armatures and each set of 2m lower armatures, as shown in FIG. 11, the concentric coil jth layer (j = 1, 2, 3, 4 [ = 2n]) is connected to the rotating disk rotating shaft side (inside) terminal of the concentric coil jth layer of the adjacent armature, and then the concentric coil jth layer of the armature. The electromotive force is added by connecting each layer terminal of the concentric coil of each armature in series in order of connecting the outer terminal of each armature to the outer terminal of the jth layer of the concentric coil of the adjacent armature. Let At this time, the connection line between the concentric coil terminals of each armature is wired along a concentric circle centering on the rotation axis of the rotating disk, as in the first embodiment, and between the concentric coil terminals of each armature. The connection line prevents the counter electromotive force from being generated across the magnetic field lines of the rod-shaped permanent magnet.

FIG. 11 (1) is an example in which this additive connection is made for the upper armature with 2m = 8, and FIG. 11 (2) is an example in which this additive connection is made for the lower armature with 2m = 8. . The additive electromotive force for each layer is obtained as a voltage across both ends of the ring-shaped connection. Armature _U is a set of upper armature for example in FIG. 11 (1)
1 between the outer terminal S _U (1101) of the armature 1 and the outer terminal E _U (1102) of the armature _U 2, the armature _L in the lower armature set in FIG.
The output is taken out as a voltage between one outer terminal S _L (1103) and the outer terminal E _L (1104) of the armature _L 2.

For each set of 2m upper armatures and 2m lower armatures, concentric coils of armatures connected in series are named “electromotive units by layer” for convenience. Layered electromotive unit R _U
For convenience, the open terminals of j will be referred to as “start point side terminal” S _U j and “end point side terminal” E _U j. In the second embodiment of the present invention, since the number of concentric coils is 4, j = 1, 2, 3 or 4.

The layered electromotive units obtained in this way are connected in series to obtain a large electromotive voltage. That is, j layer-by-layer electromotive units R _U 1 and layer-by-layer electromotive units R _U by a set of upper armatures
2,... J layered electromotive units R _L by a set of an upper electromotive unit and a lower armature in which layered electromotive units R _U j are connected in series in this order
1. Layered electromotive units R _L 2,... A lower outer electromotive unit in which layer electromotive units R _L j are connected in series in this order is obtained.

FIG. 12A is a connection diagram for obtaining an output as an upper electromotive unit composed of a set of upper armatures (eight in the second embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 9). Fig. 2 Layered electromotive unit R _U
1 (winding layer 1: left-handed) 1201 is an electromotive unit formed by a first layer of concentric coils (wound in a left-handed manner) of the upper armature set, and its input terminal is S _U 1 and its output terminal is E _U
1. Similarly, the layered electromotive unit R _U 2 (winding layer 2: right-handed) 1202 in the figure is an electromotive unit based on the second layer of the concentric coil (wound in the right-handed) of the upper armature set, Its input terminal is S _U 2 and its output terminal is E _U
2. Similarly, the layered electromotive unit R _U 3 (winding layer 3: left-handed) 1203 in the figure is an electromotive unit formed by the third layer of concentric coils (winded in the left-handed winding) of the upper armature set. The input terminal is S _U 3 and the output terminal is E _U
3. Similarly, the layered electromotive unit R _U 4 (winding layer 4: right-handed) 1204 in the figure is an electromotive unit based on the fourth layer of concentric coils (winded in the right-handed winding) of the upper armature set, Its input terminal is S _U 4 and its output terminal is E _U
4.

  Similarly, FIG. 12 (2) is a connection diagram for obtaining an output as a lower electromotive unit composed of a set of lower armatures. FIG. 12 exemplifies a case where each armature is a concentric coil having a total of four layers of two left-handed layers and two right-handed layers. However, as described above, it is better to increase the number of layers in order to increase the electromotive force. It is not limited to four layers.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the final power generation output is obtained by connecting each electromotive unit in series or in parallel. When it is desired to obtain a high output voltage, the respective electromotive units are connected in series as shown in FIG. 13 (1), and when the output voltage is not increased but the internal impedance of the generator is reduced, each of the units as shown in FIG. 13 (2). Connect the electromotive units in parallel.

  In the generator of the present invention, the portion that contributes to the generation of electromotive force is relatively smaller than the conventional generator with respect to the total length of the conductors constituting the armature. Therefore, when trying to obtain a desired high voltage, the armature The internal impedance tends to increase. When using a generator as a voltage source, it is generally desirable that the internal impedance be small. To that end, it is configured as shown in FIG. 13 (1) and the electromotive force of the generator is increased, and then the voltage is reduced to a desired voltage with a transformer, or as shown in FIG. 13 (2), the transformer is You should get almost the same effect without using it.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the structure in which the armature is the stator and the permanent magnet is the rotor has been described. However, the structure in which the permanent magnet is the stator and the armature is the rotor is described. By implementing the first means or the second means of the present invention while being used, a generator having an equivalent effect can be configured.

Further, in the first and second embodiments described above, an external magnetic field for generating power is generated by a permanent magnet, but an external magnetic field equivalent to that of a permanent magnet is generated instead of the permanent magnet. An electromagnet may be used.
Although an example of a single-phase generator has been shown as the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can be easily extended to a three-phase generator. That is, the armature coils are grouped for one phase, two phases, and three phases, and after the armature group for one phase crosses the magnet, the armature group for two phases, and then the armature group for three phases By arranging the armature groups so as to cross the magnets and performing the wiring described in the first and second embodiments for each of these groups, three single-phase powers whose phases are shifted by 120 degrees can be obtained. It is done. A three-phase alternating current can be obtained by delta connection or Y connection. Since such a single-phase to three-phase conversion technology has been established as an existing power generation technology, it will not be described again with reference to the drawings, but it is obvious that the present invention can also be applied to a three-phase AC generator. Let's go.

  As described above in detail, the first means of the present invention or the second means of the present invention can suppress the generation of the anti-rotation force due to the load current, which was unavoidable with the conventional generator. Even when it flows, power can be generated with a small driving force that is almost the same as when there is no load, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved compared to conventional generators.

Conventional power generators for power generators are mainly hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power, etc., but hydropower generation is insufficient for water sources and location conditions to cover all power demand. Power generation using a turbine as a power source is the mainstay. By applying the present invention to a generator that uses thermal power or nuclear power as a driving force, the power generation efficiency is greatly improved, and it can greatly contribute to energy saving and prevention of environmental destruction, so that industrial applicability is great. Moreover, if the present invention is applied to hydroelectric power generation, a larger power generation output than before can be obtained with a small force, so that it can be used even with a water pressure source that has been considered to be inefficient for conventional power generation and can be used for hydropower generation. The dependency rate of can be increased. This leads to lower reliance on fossil fuels, and is significant from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment.
In addition, the generator of the present invention can be applied to generators used in all industrial machinery such as automobiles and other transportation machines, and contributes to reducing the size and weight of the equipment and saving resources by increasing the efficiency of power generation. is there.

Claims (19)

  In an electromagnetic induction generator in which one of the armature and the permanent magnet is the stator and the other is the rotor, the armature that crosses the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet is configured as a spirally coiled conductor, and the load current is By deflecting the magnetic field lines generated when flowing through the coiled conductor of the armature in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnets, interference between the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnets and the magnetic field lines generated by the load current is suppressed. A high-efficiency generator characterized by suppressing the generation of rotational deterrence due to electric current.   2. The high efficiency generator according to claim 1, wherein the armature is a stator and the permanent magnet is a rotor.   3. The high efficiency generator according to claim 2, wherein a rotating disk rotating around a bearing, any even number (2m) of permanent magnets mounted at equal intervals along a circumferential portion of the rotating disk, and the rotating disk A high-efficiency power generation comprising an armature that is provided on radiation extending at an equal angle from the center of each of the permanent magnets and is fixed so as to be positioned in a gap portion between the end faces of each N pole and S pole of each permanent magnet Machine.   4. The high efficiency generator according to claim 3, wherein the two adjacent permanent magnets are arranged so that the polarities thereof are different from each other.   4. The high efficiency generator according to claim 3, wherein a right-handed coil or a left-handed coil is used as an armature.   6. The high-efficiency generator according to claim 5, wherein an even (2n) heavy counter-wound coil is used as an armature.   7. The high efficiency generator according to claim 5, wherein the armature coils are connected so that all electromotive forces generated in the armature are added in the same direction.   8. The high efficiency generator according to claim 7, wherein the connection between the armature coils is arranged concentrically with the rotating disk.   In an electromagnetic induction generator with one of the armature and permanent magnet as the stator and the other as the rotor, the armature that crosses the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet is formed into a right-handed spiral coil and a left-handed spiral. Constructed as a concentric coil that combines coiled conductors, and when the load current flows through the concentric coil, it is generated by the lines of magnetic force generated by the spirally coiled conductor and the conductors coiled in a left-handed spiral. By canceling the magnetic field lines to each other, the magnetic field lines generated outside the concentric coils when the load current flows through the concentric coils are minimized, so that interference with the magnetic field lines by the permanent magnets is suppressed, and the generation of rotation deterrence due to the load currents is suppressed. In addition, a double counter-wound coil (including a 2n double counter-winding coil) is used as the armature, and each coil has its own self. High efficiency power generator, characterized in that to allow maximizing the power taken out by minimizing the internal impedance of the armature by causing counteracted by the action of the mutual inductance between the right-handed and left-handed coils inductance.   10. The high efficiency generator according to claim 9, wherein the armature is a stator and the permanent magnet is a rotor.   The high-efficiency generator according to claim 10, wherein a rotating disk rotating about a rotating shaft and rod-shaped permanent magnets are attached to the outer circumferential portion of the rotating disk at equal intervals using a permanent magnet holder, The upper magnetic pole end face of each bar-shaped permanent magnet so that any even number (2m) of bar-shaped permanent magnets arranged so that the magnetic pole polarities of the upper and lower poles are opposite to each other and the rotating disk are not in contact with each other. The upper armature provided on the upper side of the rotating disk at a position close to the rotating disk and the lower armature provided on the lower side of the rotating disk at a position close to the lower magnetic pole end face of each rod-like permanent magnet so as not to contact the rotating disk. High-efficiency generator characterized by   The high-efficiency generator according to claim 11, wherein all rod-like permanent magnets on the rotating disk are covered with a cover made of a non-magnetic material such as plastic.   The high-efficiency generator according to claim 11, wherein a concentric coil formed by any even-numbered (2n-fold) reverse winding coil is used as each armature.   14. The high-efficiency generator according to claim 13, wherein a concentric coil j-th layer (j = 1) of each armature is set for each set of even (2m) upper armatures and even (2m) lower armatures. , 2, 3,..., 2n) is connected to the rotating disk rotating shaft side (inside) terminal of the concentric coil j layer of the adjacent armature, and then the armature is connected. By connecting each outer layer terminal of the concentric coil of each armature in series in order of connecting the outer terminal of the jth layer of the concentric coil to the outer terminal of the jth layer of the concentric coil of the adjacent armature. A high-efficiency generator characterized in that j-layered electromotive units (Rj) obtained by adding electromotive forces are obtained.   15. The high efficiency generator according to claim 14, wherein the connection between the concentric coil terminals of the armature is arranged concentrically with the rotating disk. 15. The high efficiency generator according to claim 14, wherein j layers of electromotive units (R _U 1) and layers of electromotive units (R _U ) by a set of upper armatures.
2),... J layered electromotive units (R _L ) by a set of an upper electromotive unit in series of layered electromotive units (R _U j) and a lower armature
1), stratified electromotive unit (R _L 2), high-efficiency power generator, characterized in that ... stratification photovoltaic units (R _L j) and to obtain a lower electromotive unit connected in series.   The high efficiency generator according to claim 16, wherein the upper electromotive unit and the lower electromotive unit are connected in series.   The high efficiency generator according to claim 16, wherein the upper electromotive unit and the lower electromotive unit are connected in parallel.   10. The high efficiency generator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is replaced with an electromagnet.

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