JPWO2009054234A1 - Dehumidifier - Google Patents

Abstract

[Issue] It is an object to put to practical use a dehumidifying device that is superior in terms of energy saving, low cost, durability, versatility, maintainability, space saving, etc. by eliminating these disadvantages that conventional dehumidifying devices have did. [Means] A dehumidifier is disposed in the dehumidified space, a concentrator is disposed outside the dehumidified space, and these are connected by a pipe. In a wet dehumidifier that dehumidifies by circulating a material aqueous solution, the dehumidifier has a configuration in which the dehumidifier aqueous solution and the dehumidified gas are separated from each other by a semipermeable membrane, compared with the dehumidifying capacity and the amount of air flow. Even with a small dehumidifier, it is possible to prevent the aqueous solution of the dehumidifying agent from being scattered and to manufacture a dehumidifying device having a large capacity.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dehumidifying device used for dehumidification such as a desiccant air conditioner, and relates to a technique using a semipermeable membrane that allows moisture to permeate through a dehumidifier and a concentrator but does not permeate a dehumidifier.

There are many cases where it is necessary to control the humidity by dehumidifying water vapor in the gas. Currently, a dehumidifier using a refrigerator or a dehumidifier using a dry or wet type moisture absorbent is used. The dehumidifiers of these facilities have various drawbacks such as energy efficiency, cost, durability, versatility, maintainability, and space saving. There has been a strong demand for an excellent dehumidifying device that improves these disadvantages, particularly a dehumidifying device that realizes energy saving of the entire facility.
That is, the dehumidifying device using the wet type hygroscopic aqueous solution is a method that can minimize the energy consumption as compared with the heat pump type dehumidifying device using the refrigerator and the drum type dehumidifying device using the hygroscopic agent. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). However, this type of dehumidifying device has problems in space saving, corrosiveness, solution scattering, etc., and cannot be used for general purposes. In order to solve this problem, the dehumidifier aqueous solution of the wet dehumidifier and the gas to be dehumidified are separated by a semipermeable membrane, connected to the hygroscopic agent aqueous solution concentrating part with a pipe, etc. The moisture absorbing agent aqueous solution is shut off from the outside in the vessel, and a compact, versatile and non-corrosive dehumidifying device can be realized. At that time, if the hygroscopic aqueous solution concentration part is also separated from the dehumidifying outside air by a semipermeable membrane, it prevents dust and sulfurous acid gas in the air from entering the dehumidifying aqueous solution and reduces the capacity of the dehumidifying aqueous solution. Can be prevented. Durability, reliability, controllability, energy saving, space saving, and the like can be improved by completing the dehumidified closed cycle and continuously operating it.

JP 2005-233435 A

A heat pump type dehumidifier using a refrigerator that is often used conventionally consumes a lot of energy. In addition, drum-type dry dehumidifiers using hygroscopic agents have problems in energy efficiency, cost, durability, etc., and hygroscopic spray dehumidifiers such as aqueous solution of lithium chloride are versatile, space-saving, corrosive, solution There was a problem with the scattering of. It is an object of the present invention to put to practical use a dehumidifying device that is superior in terms of energy saving, low cost, durability, versatility, maintainability, space saving, etc. by eliminating these disadvantages that a conventional dehumidifying device has. It was.

  That is, in the dehumidifying device according to claim 1, a dehumidifier is disposed in the dehumidified space, a concentrator is disposed outside the dehumidified space, these are connected by a pipe, and the aqueous solution of lithium bromide is provided in the pipe. In a wet dehumidification device that performs dehumidification by circulating a hygroscopic aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution of sodium chloride or lithium chloride, the dehumidifier has a configuration in which the dehumidifier aqueous solution and the dehumidified gas are separated by a semipermeable membrane. It consists of

  Further, the dehumidifying device according to claim 2 includes a dehumidifier disposed in the dehumidified space, a concentrator disposed outside the dehumidified space, and these are connected by a pipe, and the aqueous solution of lithium bromide in the pipe In the wet dehumidification apparatus that performs dehumidification by circulating a hygroscopic aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution of sodium chloride or lithium chloride, the concentrator has a configuration in which the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and the concentration air are separated by a semipermeable membrane. It consists of features.

  Furthermore, the dehumidifying apparatus according to claim 3 is provided with a dehumidifier disposed in the dehumidified space, a concentrator disposed outside the dehumidified space, and connected to each other by a pipe line. In a wet dehumidifier that performs dehumidification by circulating a moisture absorbent material aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution or an aqueous solution of lithium chloride, the dehumidifier has a configuration in which the dehumidifier aqueous solution and the dehumidified gas are separated by a semipermeable membrane, and The concentrator has a configuration in which the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and the concentration air are separated from each other by a semipermeable membrane, and the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is configured to be a closed cycle. Is a characteristic.

Furthermore, in addition to the above requirements, the dehumidifying device according to claim 4 is characterized in that a hollow fiber membrane is applied to the semipermeable membrane.
The above-described problems can be solved by using the requirements described in these claims as means.

The disadvantage of the conventional wet dehumidifier is that it is corrosive to lithium chloride, lithium bromide, calcium chloride, etc. used as a dehumidifier aqueous solution, and depending on the structure and air volume of the dehumidifier, the droplets may scatter and the dehumidifier itself Of course, there was a risk of corroding surrounding objects. In addition, dust in the air, sulfurous acid gas, and the like are mixed in the dehumidifier aqueous solution and dissolved to change the performance of the dehumidifier aqueous solution, thereby deteriorating the performance. In order to prevent them, the dehumidifying device itself became large, and the attached equipment was installed, resulting in expensive specifications.
If a hollow fiber-like semipermeable membrane or the like is used for the dehumidifier, it is possible to prevent the dehumidifier aqueous solution from being scattered even with a small dehumidifier and to produce a dehumidifier with a large capacity compared to the size of the dehumidifying capacity and air volume. it can. In addition, if the concentrator is made of a hollow fiber-like semipermeable membrane and the entire cycle is closed, the solution can be prevented from being scattered and impurities can be prevented, and there is no concern about the decrease or deterioration of the dehumidifier aqueous solution. It becomes a device and dehumidification control can be performed reliably and easily. As a result, a dehumidifier excellent in energy efficiency, low cost, durability, versatility, easy maintenance, and space saving can be manufactured.

As an example of controlling the humidity to save energy of the entire facility, by keeping the humidity low in the desiccant air conditioning, a comfortable state can be realized even if the room temperature is kept at a relatively high temperature. By setting the room temperature to a high temperature and a low humidity, it is possible to set the evaporation temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerator high and to keep the cooling load low, thereby realizing great energy saving.
Furthermore, by reducing the humidity of the air supplied to the blast furnace of the ironworks, the fuel can be greatly reduced and the product quality can be stabilized.
In addition, it is used to control the humidity of the environmental air in pharmaceutical factories, ensuring stable product quality and realizing energy and resource savings. It is effective for energy saving etc. of the whole device.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the dehumidification apparatus of this invention, and shows the Example using the heat pump cycle while making the flow path of dehumidifier aqueous solution into a closed cycle. It is a circuit diagram which shows the dehumidification apparatus of this invention, and makes the flow path of dehumidifier aqueous solution into a closed cycle, and uses the heat exchanger. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the dehumidifying device of the present invention in which the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is opened in the concentrator. It is a dehumidifier of the present invention, and is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment in which a flow path of a dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is opened in a dehumidifier.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dehumidifier 11 Dehumidifier 11a Case 11b Semipermeable membrane tube 11c Fan 11d Nozzle 11e Cooling tube 12 Concentrator 12a Housing 12b Semipermeable membrane tube 12c Fan 12d Nozzle 12e Heating tube 13 Pump 14 Condenser (heater)
15 Evaporator (cooler)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 Heater 17 Heat exchanger 18 Buffer tank 2 Heat pump cycle 21 Compressor 22 Expansion valve 3 Cooling device 31 Air cooler 32 Condenser 33 Compressor 34 Expansion valve A Concentration air A1 Hygroscopic air D Hygroscopic aqueous solution D1 High concentration Hygroscopic aqueous solution D2 Low-concentration hygroscopic aqueous solution G Indoor atmosphere G1 Dehumidified gas G2 Dehumidified gas G3 Cooled gas G4 Cooled gas P Pipe line S Dehumidified space

  The dehumidifying apparatus of the present invention is the best mode described in the following examples, but includes those in which these examples are appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the dehumidifying apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment.
In the dehumidifying apparatus 1 of the present invention, the dehumidifier 11 is disposed in the dehumidified space S, and on the other hand, the concentrator 12 is disposed outside the dehumidified space S, and these are connected by a pipe P to form a circulation path. Then, a moisture absorbing material aqueous solution D such as an aqueous bromide solution or an aqueous solution of chloride chloride is circulated in the pipe P, and the moisture in the dehumidified gas G1 in the dehumidified space S is moved to the external space. It is a wet device.
Hereinafter, description will be made for each example in which the configuration of the dehumidifying device 1 is varied.

[Example in which the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is a closed cycle and a heat pump cycle is used]
First, the dehumidifier 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The dehumidifier 11 and the concentrator 12 shown in this embodiment are configured to remove the moisture absorbent material solution D from the dehumidified gas G1 or the concentration air through a semipermeable membrane, respectively. It is a device that moves moisture by bringing it into contact with A.
Specifically, the dehumidifier 11 is provided with a semipermeable membrane tube 11b in a housing 11a, and the dehumidified gas G1 in the dehumidified space S is supplied to the semipermeable membrane tube 11b by a fan 11c. It is configured to spray.

  The concentrator 12 is configured such that a semipermeable membrane tube 12b is disposed in a housing 12a, and the concentration air A is blown into the semipermeable membrane tube 12b by a fan 12c.

  The semipermeable membrane tube 11b and the semipermeable membrane tube 12b are formed by forming a semipermeable membrane into a tube shape. Here, the semipermeable membrane is made of a hollow fiber separation membrane, ceramic or the like. Thus, only water permeates and the hygroscopic agent in the hygroscopic aqueous solution D cannot penetrate.

Further, a pump 13 and a condenser 14 are provided in the flow path from the dehumidifier 11 to the concentrator 12. Further, an evaporator 15 is provided in the flow path from the concentrator 12 to the dehumidifier 11.
As described above, in this embodiment, the flow path of the hygroscopic aqueous solution D is a closed cycle by the semipermeable membrane tubes 11b and 12b and the pipe P.
Incidentally, as an example, a branch path is connected to the pipe line P between the dehumidifier 11 and the pump 13, and a buffer tank 18 of the moisture absorbent aqueous solution D is connected to this, and this part is open. However, even in this case, the main flow path of the above-described moisture absorbent aqueous solution D is closed.

  Further, the dehumidifying apparatus 1 shown in this embodiment is provided with a heat pump cycle 2, and heat transfer between the condenser 14 and the evaporator 15 is achieved by the heat pump cycle 2. Specifically, a heat medium circulation path is formed between the condenser 14 and the evaporator 15, and a compressor 21 is disposed on the inflow side of the condenser 14 to supply a high-temperature heat medium to the condenser 14. On the other hand, the expansion valve 22 is arranged on the inflow side of the evaporator 15 so that a low-temperature heat medium is supplied to the evaporator 15.

  In addition, the cooling device 3 for cooling the to-be-cooled gas G3 in the to-be-dehumidified space S is provided, and an air cooler 31 is arranged in the to-be-dehumidified space S, while condensing outside the to-be-dehumidified space S. A heat medium circulation path is formed between them, and a compressor 33 is disposed on the inflow side of the condenser 32 to supply a high-temperature heat medium to the condenser 32, while an air cooler is provided. An expansion valve 34 is arranged on the inflow side of 31 to supply a low-temperature heat medium to the air cooler 31.

The dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured as described above, and the operation mode of this device will be described below.
First, the pump 13 is activated to circulate the moisture absorbent aqueous solution D, and the compressor 21 is activated to operate the heat pump cycle 2.
In the dehumidifier 11, the high-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution in which the dehumidified air G1 in the dehumidified space S is blown to the semipermeable membrane tube 11b by the fan 11c and the water vapor in the dehumidified gas G1 flows in the semipermeable membrane tube 11b. The dehumidified gas G2 taken in and absorbed in D1 and dehumidified is returned to the dehumidified space S.
On the other hand, the low-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D2 having a reduced concentration by absorbing water vapor is sucked and discharged to the pump 13, reaches the condenser 14, is heated here, and then reaches the concentrator 12.
In the concentrator 12, the moisture in the low-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D2 passes through the semipermeable membrane tube 12b and is released into the dehumidifying air A, so that the concentration of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D increases, It is regenerated as a dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D1. On the other hand, the moisture-absorbed air A1 that has absorbed moisture is exhausted to the outside.
The high-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D1 is cooled by the evaporator 15 and then supplied again to the dehumidifier 11 to be dehumidified by the dehumidified gas G1.
Such a series of operations is repeated, and the humidity in the dehumidified space S is maintained at a target low humidity.

  At this time, the cooling device 3 for controlling the indoor temperature does not need to be dehumidified when the cooled gas G3 is used as the cooled gas G4. Therefore, it is not necessary to lower the evaporation temperature below the dew point temperature of the indoor air. Even if the room temperature is set to a relatively high temperature of about 29 ° C by cooling at an evaporation temperature of about 0 ° C, a comfortable air-conditioning state can be achieved, and the sensible heat load can be naturally reduced by setting the room temperature high. Become.

  As a modification of the present embodiment, an apparatus configuration in which the condenser 12 and the condenser 14 are integrated, or an apparatus configuration in which the dehumidifier 11 and the evaporator 15 are integrated can be adopted.

[Example in which the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is a closed cycle and a heat exchanger is used]
Next, the dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The dehumidifying device 11 and the concentrator 12 shown in this embodiment are similar to the device shown in FIG. This is a device for moving moisture by contacting the dehumidified gas G1 or the concentration air A, and different parts of the configuration will be described below.

That is, a heat exchanger 17, a pump 13, and a heater 16 are provided in the flow path from the dehumidifier 11 to the concentrator 12, and the heat exchanger is further provided in the flow path from the concentrator 12 to the dehumidifier 11. 17 is located.
As described above, in this embodiment, the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D is a closed cycle by the semipermeable membrane tubes 11b and 12b and the pipe P.

The dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 2 is configured as described above, and the operation mode of this device will be described below.
First, the pump 13 is activated to circulate the hygroscopic aqueous solution D, and the heater 16 is energized.
In the dehumidifier 11, the high-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution in which the dehumidified air G1 in the dehumidified space S is blown to the semipermeable membrane tube 11b by the fan 11c and the water vapor in the dehumidified gas G1 flows in the semipermeable membrane tube 11b. The dehumidified gas G2 taken in and absorbed in D1 and dehumidified is returned to the dehumidified space S.
On the other hand, the low-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D2 having a reduced concentration by absorbing water vapor is sucked into the pump 13, heated by the heat exchanger 17, discharged from the pump 13, and further heated by the heater 16. After that, it reaches the concentrator 12.
In the concentrator 12, the moisture in the low-concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D2 passes through the semipermeable membrane tube 12b and is released into the dehumidifying air A, so that the concentration of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D increases, It is regenerated as a dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D1. On the other hand, the moisture-absorbed air A1 that has absorbed moisture is exhausted to the outside.
After the high concentration dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D1 is cooled by the heat exchanger 17, it is supplied to the dehumidifier 11 again, and is used for dehumidification of the dehumidified gas G1.
By repeating such a series of operations, the humidity in the dehumidified space S is maintained at a target low humidity.

  At this time, the cooling device 3 for controlling the indoor temperature does not need to be dehumidified when the cooled gas G3 is used as the cooled gas G4. Therefore, it is not necessary to lower the evaporation temperature below the dew point temperature of the indoor air. Even if the room temperature is set to a relatively high temperature of about 29 ° C by cooling at an evaporation temperature of about 0 ° C, a comfortable air-conditioning state can be achieved, and the sensible heat load can be naturally reduced by setting the room temperature high. Become.

  As a modified example of this embodiment, an apparatus configuration in which the concentrator 12 and the heater 16 are integrated can be employed.

In the above-described two embodiments, the dehumidifying device 1 configured so that the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D is defined as closed cycle as defined in claim 3 has been described. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that makes a part open.
[Example in which the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is open in the concentrator]
The dehumidifying apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 3 is configured such that the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D is open in the concentrator 12, and the dehumidifying device 11 shown in this embodiment is configured to remove the hygroscopic aqueous solution D by half. The concentrator 12 is for bringing the moisture absorbent material aqueous solution D into direct contact with the dehumidifying air A through a permeable membrane.
The dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 3 is different from the dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 only in the configuration of the concentrator 12, and the other configurations are the same. Here, only the concentrator 12 will be described in detail.

Specifically, in the concentrator 12, a plurality of heating tubes 12e are disposed in the housing 12a, and a plurality of nozzles 12d are disposed above the heating tubes 12e, and the low concentration sprayed from the nozzles 12d. While the moisture absorbent aqueous solution D2 is heated and the dehumidifying air A taken into the housing 12a is brought into direct contact with the low concentration absorbent aqueous solution D2, the moisture in the low concentration absorbent aqueous solution D2 is dehumidified. While being taken in, the moisture-absorbed air A1 that has absorbed moisture is exhausted to the outside.
As in the above embodiment, a cooling device 3 for cooling the dehumidified space S is provided.

[Example in which the flow path of the dehumidifier aqueous solution is open in the dehumidifier]
The dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 4 is configured such that the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D is open in the dehumidifying device 11, and the dehumidifying device 11 shown in this embodiment directly applies the hygroscopic material aqueous solution D to the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution D. The dehumidifier gas G1 is brought into contact with the dehumidified gas G1, and the concentrator 12 is brought into contact with the dehumidifying outside air G2 through a semipermeable membrane.
The dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 4 is different from the dehumidifying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 only in the configuration of the dehumidifier 11, and the same configuration is adopted for the other configurations. Here, only the dehumidifier 11 will be described in detail.

Specifically, the dehumidifier 11 is provided with a plurality of cooling pipes 11e in a casing 11a, and a plurality of nozzles 11d are arranged above the cooling pipes 11e, and the high concentration sprayed from the nozzles 11d. While the moisture absorbent aqueous solution D1 is cooled, the moisture to be dehumidified gas G1 taken into the housing 11a and the high concentration moisture absorbent aqueous solution D1 are brought into direct contact with each other, whereby the moisture in the moisture to be dehumidified gas G1 is converted to the highly concentrated moisture absorbent aqueous solution D1. Is configured to be captured.
As in the above embodiment, a cooling device 3 for cooling the dehumidified space S is provided.

Claims (4)

A dehumidifier is arranged in the dehumidified space, and a concentrator is arranged outside the dehumidified space, and these are connected by a pipe, and a hygroscopic aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution of lithium bromide or an aqueous solution of lithium chloride is placed in the pipe. In the wet dehumidifying apparatus for performing dehumidification by circulation, the dehumidifier has a configuration in which a dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and a dehumidified gas are separated by a semipermeable membrane. A dehumidifier is arranged in the dehumidified space, and a concentrator is arranged outside the dehumidified space, and these are connected by a pipe, and a hygroscopic aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution of lithium bromide or an aqueous solution of lithium chloride is placed in the pipe. In the wet dehumidifying apparatus for performing dehumidification by circulation, the concentrator has a configuration in which the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and the concentration air are separated by a semipermeable membrane. A dehumidifier is arranged in the dehumidified space, and a concentrator is arranged outside the dehumidified space, and these are connected by a pipe, and a hygroscopic aqueous solution such as an aqueous solution of lithium bromide or an aqueous solution of lithium chloride is placed in the pipe. In the wet dehumidifying apparatus for performing dehumidification by circulation, the dehumidifier has a configuration in which the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and the dehumidified gas are separated by a semipermeable membrane, and the concentrator is provided with the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution and the concentration agent. A dehumidifying device having a structure that separates air from a semipermeable membrane, and the flow path of the dehumidifying agent aqueous solution is configured to be in a closed cycle. The dehumidifying device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the semipermeable membrane is a hollow fiber membrane.

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