JPWO2008066016A1 - Developer transport device and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The toner T stored in the hopper 11 is conveyed by the traveling wave electric field via the conveying plates 13, 14, and 15 to the conveying plate 12 that conveys the toner T to the portion facing the photosensitive drum 5 by the traveling wave electric field. . Since the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 transport the toner T from different portions of the hopper 11, the toner T transported to the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 joins on the transport plate 12, so that the toner T Unevenness of conveyance is suppressed. For this reason, the toner T can be uniformly conveyed to the portion facing the photosensitive drum 5.

Description

  The present invention relates to a developer conveying device that conveys a charged developer by a traveling wave electric field, and an image forming apparatus including the developer conveying device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various developer transport devices that transport a charged developer using a transport body provided with linear electrodes that form a traveling wave electric field by sequentially applying a voltage have been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-69903, the developer discharged from the developing container according to the rotation of the agitator is transported to the surface of the developing sleeve by linear electrodes arranged at predetermined intervals in the developer transporting direction. It has been proposed.

  However, in this type of developer transport device, if there is unevenness in the developer accumulation state at the upstream end of the transport body in the developer transport direction, the developer is transported while maintaining the unevenness. There is a case. For this reason, in the apparatus described in the above publication, a member for regulating the developer to a constant layer thickness by providing a uniform developer at the end of the transport body downstream in the developer transport direction is provided. However, when such a member is provided, there is a case where the developer is accelerated by deterioration due to friction when the developer is leveled.

  Therefore, the present invention enables a developer to be transported uniformly to a portion facing a developer supply target without providing a member for smoothing the developer in a developer transport device that transports a charged developer by a traveling wave electric field. It was made for the purpose of doing.

  In order to achieve the above object, the developer transport device of the present invention forms a traveling wave electric field by sequentially applying a developer transport means for transporting the developer to a portion facing the developer supply target. And a plurality of first conveying bodies each having a linear electrode for conveying the charged developer to the developer conveying means.

  In the developer transport device of the present invention configured as above, a traveling wave electric field is formed in each of the plurality of first transport bodies by sequentially applying voltages to the linear electrodes, and the charged developer is respectively It is transported to the developer transport means. Then, the developer transport unit transports the developer transported by the plurality of first transport bodies to a portion facing the developer supply target. Thus, in the present invention, the developer conveyed by the plurality of first conveying members having the linear electrodes merges on the developer conveying means, so that the developer can be provided without providing a member for leveling the developer. The developer can be uniformly conveyed to the portion facing the supply target.

  For this reason, in this invention, since it does not receive a friction when a developer is leveled, durability of a developer can be improved.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the following configuration, but further includes a developer reservoir that stores the charged developer, and the plurality of first transport bodies are provided in the developer reservoir. The developer may be transported from different places to the developer transport means.

  In this case, since the developer is transported to the developer transport unit from different locations of the developer storage unit, unevenness of the developer on the developer transport unit is further suppressed, and the portion facing the developer supply target The developer can be conveyed more uniformly.

  The developer conveying means may be a developing roller or the like that conveys the developer while carrying the developer on the circumferential surface, and the developer conveying means is sequentially applied with a voltage. May be configured by a second transport body having a linear electrode that forms a traveling wave electric field and transports the charged developer to a portion facing the developer supply target. In this case, the second transport body may be a separate body from the first transport body, but the linear electrode provided in the second transport body is the first transport body. It may be configured as a linear electrode provided in any one of the above and a series of electrode groups. In the latter case, the configuration of the apparatus can be further simplified.

  Further, the end of each first transport body on the developer storage section side (that is, the end on the upstream side in the developer transport direction) may be disposed non-parallel to each other in plan view. In this case, even if the accumulation state of the developer stored in the developer storage portion is a state in which striped unevenness is formed on the surface, the end portion of each first transport body is Are arranged at different angles (in plan view). Therefore, in this case, the unevenness of the developer on the developer conveying means can be suppressed more satisfactorily, and the developer can be more uniformly conveyed to the portion facing the developer supply target.

  Further, the developer is transported at the end portion (that is, the end portion on the downstream side in the developer transport direction) of at least one of the first transport bodies when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the developer path by the developer transport means. The direction may be non-parallel to the developer conveying direction by the developer conveying means. In this case, even if the developer conveyed by the one first conveyance body has uneven conveyance, when the developer moves from the end portion of the first conveyance body to the developer conveyance means, the conveyance is performed. Unevenness is dispersed. Therefore, in this case, the unevenness of the developer on the developer conveying means can be suppressed more satisfactorily, and the developer can be more uniformly conveyed to the portion facing the developer supply target.

  In addition, an agitator that stirs the toner stored in the developer storage portion with a stirring member is provided, and a linear electrode provided in the first transport body is disposed inside the stirring width of the stirring member. Also good. In this case, since the developer is transported by the first transport body from the portion where the developer has been leveled by the stirring of the agitator, unevenness of the developer on the developer transport means is further suppressed, and the developer is supplied. The developer can be conveyed more uniformly to the portion facing the target.

  The developer transport means returns the developer that has not been supplied to the developer supply target even if transported to the facing portion to the developer storage portion, and the first transport body stores the developer storage. The developer may be transported from the side of the portion opposite to the side where the developer is returned by the developer transport means.

  In this case, even if the developer conveying means returns the developer to the developer storing portion and the developer is accumulated in the portion where the developer is returned, the first conveying body is moved to the position. Transports the developer from the opposite side. For this reason, it is suppressed that the unevenness of the accumulation state becomes uneven transport of the developer to the facing portion. Therefore, in this case, the unevenness of the developer on the developer conveying means can be suppressed more satisfactorily, and the developer can be more uniformly conveyed to the portion facing the developer supply target.

  The first transport body may transport the developer along the lower surface of the first transport body or in the vertical direction. In this case, since the developer in an amount exceeding the original transport capability of the first transport body falls due to gravity, uneven transport of the developer by the first transport body can be suppressed. Accordingly, in this case, the unevenness of the developer on the developer transporting unit can be further suppressed in a similar manner, and the developer can be transported more uniformly to the portion facing the developer supply target.

  Further, in such a developer transport apparatus, the plurality of first transport bodies may be configured such that the developer that merges on the developer transport unit is perpendicular to the transport direction of the developer by the developer transport unit after merging. The developer may be transported to the developer transport means so that the amount is substantially uniform. In this case, the developer transport means can transport the developer with less unevenness to a portion facing the developer supply target.

  In such a developer transport apparatus, the positions at which the plurality of first transport bodies supply the developer to the developer transport means may be different positions in the developer transport direction by the developer transport means. .

  The image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes an electrostatic latent image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, and any one of the developer transports that uses the electrostatic latent image carrier as the developer supply target. And a transfer means for transferring the developer supplied to the electrostatic latent image carrier by the developer transport device onto a recording medium.

  In the image forming apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier, and any one of the developer conveying devices described above forms the electrostatic latent image carrier. The developer is transported as the developer supply target. For this reason, the electrostatic latent image is uniformly developed by the developer uniformly transported as described above by any one of the developer transport devices, and the developer is transferred to the recording medium by the transfer unit. . For this reason, in the present invention, it is possible to form a good image without density unevenness on the recording medium.

It is explanatory drawing which represents roughly the structure of the principal part of the laser printer to which this invention was applied. FIG. 3 is an internal side view schematically showing an internal configuration of a developing unit of the laser printer. It is a perspective view showing the structure of the agitator of the developing unit. It is a top view which represents typically arrangement | positioning of each conveyance board of the image development unit. It is an internal side view which represents typically the structure inside the developing unit of other embodiment. FIG. 10 is an internal side view schematically showing an internal configuration of a developing unit according to still another embodiment. It is a figure which illustrates the voltage applied to each electrode of an electrode group.

[Overall configuration of laser printer]
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the configuration of the main part of a laser printer 1 to which the present invention is applied. The laser printer 1 according to the present embodiment conveys the paper P stored in a paper feed tray (not shown) one by one, and forms an image with toner T (see FIG. 2) on the surface of the paper P. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the laser printer 1 includes registration rollers 2 and 3 for appropriately locking the leading ends of the paper P supplied from the paper feed tray. P is conveyed between the photosensitive drum 5 and the transfer roller 6 at a predetermined timing.

  The photosensitive drum 5 is grounded, and a positively chargeable photosensitive layer made of an organic photosensitive material, such as polycarbonate, is formed on the surface thereof. Is supported so as to be able to rotate counterclockwise.

  A charger 8, a laser scanner unit 9, and a developing unit 10 are disposed on the outer periphery of the photosensitive drum 5 from the upstream side in the rotation direction. The charger 8 is a positively charged scorotron charger that generates corona discharge from a charging wire such as tungsten, and is configured to uniformly charge the surface of the photosensitive drum 5 to a positive polarity. The laser scanner unit 9 emits a laser beam corresponding to image data input from the outside from a light source, scans the laser beam with a mirror surface of a polygon mirror that is rotationally driven by a polygon motor, and the like. It is a well-known thing to irradiate.

  The developing unit 10 is disposed below the photosensitive drum 5 and supplies positively charged toner T to the surface of the photosensitive drum 5. In the present embodiment, a positively chargeable non-magnetic one-component polymerized toner is used as the toner T.

  For this reason, the surface of the photosensitive drum 5 is first positively charged uniformly by the charger 8 as the photosensitive drum 5 rotates, and then exposed by high-speed scanning of the laser light from the laser scanner unit 9. Then, an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image data is formed.

  Next, when the positively charged toner T is supplied from the developing unit 10 to the photosensitive drum 5, the toner T is an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 5, that is, a uniform toner. The surface of the photosensitive drum 5 that is positively charged is supplied to an exposed portion that is exposed to a laser beam and the potential is lowered, and is selectively carried to be visualized, whereby a toner image is formed. Achieved.

  The transfer roller 6 is supported by the laser printer 1 so as to be rotatable in the clockwise direction in FIG. The transfer roller 6 has a metal roller shaft covered with a roller made of an ion conductive rubber material. During transfer, a transfer bias (transfer forward bias) is applied from a transfer bias application power source (not shown). It is configured. Therefore, the toner image carried on the surface of the photosensitive drum 5 is transferred to the paper P while the paper P passes between the photosensitive drum 5 and the transfer roller 6. Although not shown, the paper P after the toner image has been transferred is conveyed to a fixing device having a heating roller and a pressure roller, and after the toner image has been thermally fixed, the paper P is discharged to a discharge tray. The

[Development unit configuration]
Next, FIG. 2 is an internal side view showing an internal configuration of the developing unit 10 to which the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 2, the developing unit 10 includes a hopper 11 that stores toner T therein. The hopper 11 opens upward, and the opening faces the photosensitive drum 5 from below. Further, the hopper 11 is configured such that the bottom surface is inclined so as to gradually become deeper from one end side toward the other end side.

  A transport plate 12 that transports the toner T to a portion facing the photosensitive drum 5 is provided at a position facing the opening of the hopper 11. In the hopper 11, a plurality of transport plates 13, 14, and 15 are provided for transporting the toner T stored in the hopper 11 to the transport plate 12.

  The conveying plate 12 includes a long inclined plate portion 12a that extends obliquely from the approximate center of the hopper 11 toward the vicinity of the portion facing the photoconductor drum 5, and a portion facing the photoconductor drum 5 connected to the long inclined plate portion 12a. The horizontal plate portion 12b extends horizontally through the long plate portion 12b and the short inclined plate portion 12c is connected to the opposite side of the long inclined plate portion 12a of the horizontal plate portion 12b and is inclined downward. A plurality of linear electrodes 22 are provided on the surface of the transport plate 12. Each of the linear electrodes 22 has a length over substantially the entire width direction of the transport plate 12 (a direction intersecting the developer transport direction and perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2). Are provided at equal intervals over substantially the entire length direction (the direction in which the developer is conveyed). Further, the length of the linear electrode 22 in the width direction of the transport plate 12 is formed to be the same as or slightly longer than the maximum width capable of forming an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 5.

  The conveying plates 13, 14, and 15 are all long-inclined connected to the long-inclined plate portions 13 a, 14 a, and 15 a that extend obliquely upward from the vicinity of the other end of the hopper 11 and the long-inclined plate portions 13 a, 14 a, and 15 a. It comprises horizontal plate portions 13b, 14b, 15b that extend horizontally to the vicinity of the surface of the plate portion 12a. A plurality of linear electrodes 23, 24, 25 are provided on the surfaces of the transport plates 13, 14, 15. Each of the linear electrodes 23, 24, 25 has a length that extends over substantially the entire width direction of the transport plates 13, 14, 15, and covers almost the entire length of the transport plates 13, 14, 15. At regular intervals.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, each of these linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 has a pulsed voltage whose phase is shifted by 90 ° between adjacent electrodes. The voltage supply unit 27 sequentially applies the voltage. Thereby, a traveling wave electric field is formed on the surfaces of the transport plates 13, 14, 15. For this reason, the toner T stored on the other end side of the hopper 11 is transported on the transport plates 13, 14, 15 by the traveling wave electric field formed by the linear electrodes 23, 24, 25, and the length of the transport plate 12 is increased. It falls on the surface of the inclined plate portion 12a. Note that the positions where the toner T falls from the respective conveying plates 13, 14, 15 onto the long inclined plate portion 12a are different in the conveying direction of the toner T in the long inclined plate portion 12a.

  Further, similarly to the linear electrode 23 and the like, a pulsed voltage whose phase is shifted by 90 ° between adjacent electrodes is sequentially applied to each linear electrode 22 by the voltage supply unit 28. Thereby, a traveling wave electric field is formed on the surface of the transport plate 12. For this reason, the toner T supplied to the long inclined plate portion 12 a by the linear electrodes 23, 24, 25 is conveyed on the conveying plate 12 by the traveling wave electric field formed by the linear electrodes 22, and is contacted with the photosensitive drum 5. Supplied to the facing part. Here, a part of the toner T is supplied to the photosensitive drum 5 in accordance with the electrostatic latent image, and the toner T that is not supplied to the photosensitive drum 5 passes through the short inclined plate portion 12 c and the one end of the hopper 11. Fall into. Further, the dropped toner T flows in the direction of the other end due to the above-described inclination of the bottom surface of the hopper 11.

  Further, an agitator 30 that stirs the toner T stored in the hopper 11 and frictionally charges the toner T stored in the hopper 11 is provided at the deepest portion on the other end side of the hopper 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the agitator 30 has a known structure in which two plate-like blades 32 are attached to a shaft 31 that is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown).

  As schematically shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, the width w <b> 2 of the linear electrode 23 provided on the transport plate 13 is smaller than the width w <b> 1 of the blade 32 in the direction of the axis 31 of the agitator 30. As a result, the linear electrode 23 of the transport plate 13 transports the toner T within the range of the stirring width where the blades 32 have spread the toner T over at least the width of w2, so that there is little unevenness in the accumulated state of the toner T. The toner T can be transported from there.

  Further, the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 disposed at the end portions 13d, 14d, and 15d on the upstream side in the toner transport direction of the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 are all disposed non-parallel in plan view. Yes. Further, the end portions 13d, 14d, and 15d are arranged at different locations on the hopper 11. In FIG. 4, for the sake of convenience, a wavy line is drawn on the horizontal plate portion 12 b, and a configuration downstream of the wavy line (such as the short inclined plate portion 12 c) is not shown. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of the invention. The lengths of the respective transport plates 12, 13, 14, 15 in FIG. 4 and their dimensional relationships are different from those in FIG. Yes. Further, although the width of the transport plates 12, 13, 14, and 15 (width in the direction intersecting the transport direction of the toner T) is shown to be substantially the same in FIG. . That is, the transport width of the toner T transported on the transport plates 13, 14, 15 (that is, the width of the linear electrodes 23, 24, 25, for example, the width w2 of the linear electrode 23) is the transport plate. 12 is preferably larger than or equal to the conveyance width of the toner T in 12 (that is, the width of the linear electrode 22) w3. When the transport width of the toner T on the transport plates 13, 14, 15 is smaller than the transport width w 3 of the toner T on the transport plate 12, the toner T does not fall on the end of the linear electrode 22 (that is, the linear electrode 22 This is because the toner T falls only in the vicinity of the center), and unevenness is formed in the width direction. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the width w3 of the linear electrode 22 is desirably wider than the effective width w4 of development on the photosensitive drum 5.

[Effects of the present embodiment]
In the developing unit 10 configured as described above, the toner T is transported by the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 from a portion where the toner T is leveled by the agitator 30. Moreover, the conveyance is performed from different parts of the hopper 11, and the angles seen from above the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 (see FIG. 2) for conveyance are also different at the end portions 13d, 14d, and 15d. . For this reason, even if there is unevenness in the accumulation state of the toner T in the hopper 11, the unevenness is suppressed by the toner T transported from each part joining on the transport plate 12. The toner T that has been transported from the transport plates 13, 14, 15 and merged on the transport plate 12 is on the transport plate 12 in a direction perpendicular to the toner transport direction on the transport plate 12 (width direction of the linear electrode 22). The layer thickness is substantially constant.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the transport direction of the toner T by the transport plates 14 and 15 is not parallel to the transport direction of the toner T by the transport plate 12 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the long inclined plate portion 12a. For this reason, even if the toner T transported on the surface of the transport plate 14 or 15 has uneven transport, the transport unevenness is dispersed when the toner T moves to the transport plate 12. Further, as described above, a part of the toner T is returned to the one end side of the hopper 11, but the end portions 13 d, 14 d, 15 d of the transport plates 13, 14, 15 are arranged on the other end side of the hopper 11. Has been. For this reason, even if unevenness occurs in the accumulation state of the toner T due to the returned toner T, the unevenness in the accumulation state is suppressed from becoming uneven conveyance of the toner T. In the above description, an example in which all of the end portions 13d, 14d, and 15d of the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 are disposed on the other end side of the hopper 11 has been described. Even if the two ends are configured in this way, there is an effect corresponding to that.

  Therefore, in the developing unit 10 of the present embodiment, the toner T can be transported extremely uniformly to the horizontal plate portion 12b of the transport plate 12 (that is, the portion facing the photosensitive drum 5). Therefore, in the laser printer 1 of the present embodiment, the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 5 can be developed without unevenness, and a good image without unevenness in density can be formed on the paper P. .

[Other Embodiments of the Invention]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment at all, It can implement with a various form in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 may be configured in a curved belt shape.

  In the above-described embodiment, the transport plate 12 is disposed above the toner T stored in the hopper 11, but is separated from the toner T. As shown in FIG. As shown in the development unit 110 illustrated in the internal side view schematically illustrated, the long inclined plate portion 12 a of the transport plate 12 may be extended and inserted into the toner T stored in the hopper 11. In this case, the toner T stored in the hopper 11 can be directly conveyed by the conveying plate 12. In this case, only one of the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 may be provided. In this case, unevenness can be suppressed by the merge of the toner T.

  Further, like the developing unit 210 illustrated in FIG. 6 (similar to FIG. 2, an internal side view schematically illustrating the internal configuration of the developing unit 10), the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 are formed on the transport plate 13, You may provide in the lower surface of 14,15. In this case, since the toner T is transported along the lower surfaces of the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25, the transport efficiency of the toner T is lowered. However, the toner T exceeding the original transport capability by the traveling wave electric field is caused by gravity. Since the ink drops, unevenness in the transportation of the toner T by the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 can be more effectively suppressed. Therefore, the toner T can be conveyed to the photosensitive drum 5 more uniformly. The same effect can be obtained when the linear electrodes 23, 24, and 25 convey the toner T in the vertical direction. In the above description, all of the linear electrodes 23, 24, 25 are provided on the lower surface of the transport plates 13, 14, 15, or each linear electrode 23, 24, 25 transports the toner T in the vertical direction. Although the example which does this was demonstrated, even if at least any one linear electrode is comprised in this way, there is an effect by that much.

  Further, the developer transport means for transporting the toner T transported by the first transport body such as the transport plates 13, 14, 15 to the portion facing the developer supply target such as the photosensitive drum 5 is a linear electrode 22. Instead of this, a developing roller or the like that conveys the toner T by carrying and rotating the toner T on the surface may be employed, or the linear electrode 22 may convey the toner T to the developing roller or the like. Further, the first transport body such as the transport plates 13, 14, and 15 is not limited to the one that transports the toner T from the developer storage section such as the hopper 11, but transports the toner T from other transport means or the like. It may be. Further, the electrostatic latent image carrier may be configured in a belt shape, or may be one on which an electrostatic latent image is formed by a method other than exposure.

  Further, in FIG. 4, an example in which the width w2 of the linear electrode 23 provided on the transport plate 13 is smaller than the width w1 of the blade 32 of the agitator 30 has been described, but there is a demerit that the apparatus is enlarged, If an agitator having a large agitation width is provided so that the linear electrodes 24 and 25 provided on the conveyance plates 14 and 15 are also included in the agitation width of the blades 32, unevenness in conveyance is further suppressed.

Claims (12)

Developer transport means for transporting the developer to a portion facing the developer supply target;
A plurality of first transport bodies each having a linear electrode for forming a traveling wave electric field by sequentially applying a voltage, and transporting each charged developer to the developer transport means;
A developer conveying device comprising: A developer storage section for storing the charged developer;
In addition,
The developer conveying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first conveying members convey the developer from different portions of the developer storing unit to the developer conveying unit.   The developer conveying means forms a traveling wave electric field by sequentially applying a voltage, and a second conveying body having a linear electrode that conveys the charged developer to a portion facing the developer supply target. 3. The developer conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the developer conveying device is configured.   The linear electrode provided in the second transport body and the linear electrode provided in any one of the first transport bodies are configured as a series of electrode groups. Developer transport device.   5. The linear electrode disposed at the end of the first transport body on the developer storage section side is disposed non-parallel in plan view. The developer conveying device according to 1.   When viewed from the direction perpendicular to the developer path by the developer conveying means, the developer conveying direction at the end in the developer conveying direction by at least one of the first conveying bodies is determined by the developer conveying means. The developer conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the developer conveying device is non-parallel to the developer conveying direction. An agitator that stirs the toner stored in the developer storage section with a stirring member;
In addition,
The developer conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the linear electrode provided in the first conveying member is disposed inside the stirring width of the stirring member. The developer transport means returns the developer that has not been supplied to the developer supply target even if transported to the facing portion to the developer reservoir.
The said 1st conveyance body conveys the said developer from the opposite side to the side where the said developer returns by the said developer conveyance means of the said developer storage part. The developer conveying apparatus in any one.   The developer transport according to claim 2, wherein the first transport body transports the developer along a lower surface of the first transport body or in a vertical direction. apparatus.   The plurality of first transport bodies have a substantially uniform amount of developer joining on the developer transport means in a direction orthogonal to the developer transport direction by the developer transport means after joining. The developer conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the developer is conveyed to the developer conveying means.   11. The position at which the plurality of first transport bodies supply the developer to the developer transport means is a position that is different in the developer transport direction by the developer transport means. The developer conveying apparatus in any one. An electrostatic latent image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed;
The developer transport device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the electrostatic latent image carrier is the developer supply target.
Transfer means for transferring the developer supplied to the electrostatic latent image carrier by the developer conveying device to a recording medium;
An image forming apparatus comprising:

Images