JPWO2008015879A1 - 光学フィルム、光学フィルムの製造方法、それを用いた偏光板、及び液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
光学フィルム、光学フィルムの製造方法、それを用いた偏光板、及び液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2008015879A1 JPWO2008015879A1 JP2008527692A JP2008527692A JPWO2008015879A1 JP WO2008015879 A1 JPWO2008015879 A1 JP WO2008015879A1 JP 2008527692 A JP2008527692 A JP 2008527692A JP 2008527692 A JP2008527692 A JP 2008527692A JP WO2008015879 A1 JPWO2008015879 A1 JP WO2008015879A1
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- MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tamibarotene Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWVDJXOSYAAPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclohexyl benzene-1,2,3,5-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C=1C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)=C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)=CC=1C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 TWVDJXOSYAAPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPCFMITFBVJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1 WUPCFMITFBVJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- CTJJGIVJOBVMEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraoctyl benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC CTJJGIVJOBVMEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- KQTIIICEAUMSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricarballylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KQTIIICEAUMSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOJYXHVSPGIQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclopentyl benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C=1C(C(=O)OC2CCCC2)=CC(C(=O)OC2CCCC2)=CC=1C(=O)OC1CCCC1 JOJYXHVSPGIQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGVAHHCHMECJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclopentyl phosphate Chemical compound C1CCCC1OP(OC1CCCC1)(=O)OC1CCCC1 QJGVAHHCHMECJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUURXEIEPASPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclopropyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C1CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC1)(O)CC(=O)OC1CC1 UUURXEIEPASPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPYFCVVBZUCVKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC)=C1 CPYFCVVBZUCVKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMLWFCUAXGSMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical class COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1OC)OC)C1=C(OC)C=CC=C1OC CMLWFCUAXGSMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRSPWQHUHVRNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3,5-di(nonyl)phenyl] phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC(OP(OC=2C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=2)OC=2C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=2)=C1 WRSPWQHUHVRNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F20/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/303—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and one or more carboxylic moieties in the chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/031—Polarizer or dye
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2.前記重合性基が、不飽和エチレン系重合性基であることを特徴とする前記1に記載の光学フィルム。
2 フィルター
3 スタチックミキサー
4 流延ダイ
5 回転支持体(第1冷却ロール)
6 挟圧回転体(タッチロール)
7 回転支持体(第2冷却ロール)
8 回転支持体(第3冷却ロール)
9、11、13、14、15 搬送ロール
10 セルロースアシレートフィルム
16 巻取り装置
21a、21b 保護フィルム
22a、22b 位相差フィルム
23a、23b フィルムの遅相軸方向
24a、24b 偏光子の透過軸方向
25a、25b 偏光子
26a、26b 偏光板
27 液晶セル
29 液晶表示装置
31 ダイ本体
32 スリット
41 金属スリーブ
42 弾性ローラ
43 金属製の内筒
44 ゴム
45 冷却水
51 外筒
52 内筒
53 空間
54 冷却液
55a、55b 回転軸
56a、56b 外筒支持フランジ
60 流体軸筒
61a、61b 内筒支持フランジ
62a、62b 中間通路
110 巻芯本体
117 支え板
118 架台
120 セルロースエステルフィルム原反
次に、詳細に本発明の一般式(1)の化合物(モノマーとも称する)について説明する。
次に、詳細に本発明の一般式(1)で表される化合物から誘導される高分子化合物(ポリマーとも称する)について説明する。
装置 :HLC−8220(東ソー(株)製)
カラム :TSKgel SuperHM−M(東ソー(株)製)
カラム温度:40℃
試料濃度 :0.1質量%
注入量 :10μl
流量 :0.6ml/min
校正曲線 :標準ポリスチレン:PS−1(Polymer Laboratories社製)Mw=2,560,000〜580迄の9サンプルによる校正曲線を使用した。
以下、本発明に係る前記一般式(1)で表される化合物とそれから誘導される高分子化合物の合成法を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより限定されるものではない。
(例示化合物1の合成)
(例示化合物18の合成)
(例示高分子化合物Aの合成)
50mlのテトラヒドロフランに、上記合成例1で合成した3.5gの例示化合物1と5.0gのメタクリル酸メチル及び1.5gのメタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルを加え、次いで、1.14gのアゾイソブチロニトリルを加えた。窒素雰囲気下で8時間加熱還流した。テトラヒドロフランを減圧留去した後、20mlのテトラヒドロフランに再溶解し、大過剰のメタノール中に滴下した。析出した沈殿物を濾取し、40℃で真空乾燥して、9.0gの白色粉末状のである例示高分子化合物Aを得た。この共重合体は、標準ポリスチレンを基準とするGPC分析により、重量平均分子量は14000であることを確認した。また、NMRより上記共重合体が例示化合物1:メタクリル酸メチル:メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルの組成比が略35:50:15の共重合体であることを確認した。
(例示高分子化合物Bの合成)
上記合成例3において、アゾイソブチロニトリルの使用量を2.28gにした以外は合成例3と全く同様にして合成し、例示高分子化合物Bを得た。この共重合体は、標準ポリスチレンを基準とするGPC分析により、重量平均分子量は10000であることを確認した。また、NMRより上記共重合体が例示化合物1:メタクリル酸メチル:メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルの組成比が略35:50:15の共重合体であることを確認した。
(例示高分子化合物Cの合成)
50mlのトルエンに、上記合成例1で合成した3.5gの例示化合物1と5.0gのメタクリル酸メチル及び1.5gのメタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルを加え、次いで、2.85gのアゾイソブチロニトリルを加えた。窒素雰囲気下で8時間、70℃で加熱した。トルエンを減圧留去した後、20mlのトルエンに再溶解し、大過剰のn−ヘキサン中に滴下した。析出した沈殿物を濾取し、40℃で真空乾燥して、9.5gの白色粉末状のである例示高分子化合物Aを得た。この共重合体は、標準ポリスチレンを基準とするGPC分析により、重量平均分子量は5000であることを確認した。また、NMRより上記共重合体が例示化合物1:メタクリル酸メチル:メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルの組成比が略35:50:15の共重合体であることを確認した。
(例示高分子化合物Eの合成)
50mlのトルエンに、上記合成例1で合成した1.0gの例示化合物1と8.0gのメタクリル酸メチル及び1.0gのメタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルを加え、次いで、1.14gのアゾイソブチロニトリルを加えた。窒素雰囲気下で8時間、70℃で加熱した。トルエンを減圧留去した後、20mlのトルエンに再溶解し、大過剰のn−ヘキサン中に滴下した。析出した沈殿物を濾取し、40℃で真空乾燥して、9.2gの白色粉末状のである例示高分子化合物Aを得た。この共重合体は、標準ポリスチレンを基準とするGPC分析により、重量平均分子量は10300であることを確認した。また、NMRより上記共重合体が例示化合物1:メタクリル酸メチル:メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチルの組成比が略10:80:10の共重合体であることを確認した。
次に、本発明の光学フィルムの詳細について説明する。
次に、本発明の好ましい態様であるセルロースエステル及びセルロースエステルを有してなる光学フィルム(以下、単にセルロースエステルフィルムとも称する。)について、詳述する。
式(II) 0≦X≦2.4
式(III) 0.5≦Y≦2.9
この内、特にセルロースアセテートプロピオネートが好ましく用いられ、中でも1.2≦X≦2.1であり、0.6≦Y≦1.4であることが好ましい。アシル基の置換度の異なるセルロースエステルをブレンドして、セルロースエステルフィルム全体として上記範囲に入っていてもよい。上記アシル基で置換されていない部分は通常水酸基として存在しているものである。これらは公知の方法で合成することができる。
装置 :HLC−8220(東ソー(株)製)
カラム :TSKgel SuperHM−M(東ソー(株)製)
カラム温度:40℃
試料濃度 :0.1質量%
注入量 :10μl
流量 :0.6ml/min
校正曲線 :標準ポリスチレン:PS−1(Polymer Laboratories社製)Mw=2,560,000〜580までの9サンプルによる校正曲線を使用した。
本発明の光学フィルムの基材となる樹脂は、熱だけでなく酸素によっても分解が促進されるため、本発明の光学フィルムにおいては安定化剤として酸化防止剤を含有することが好ましい。
フェノール系化合物は既知の化合物であり、例えば、米国特許第4,839,405号明細書の第12〜14欄に記載されており、2,6−ジアルキルフェノール誘導体化合物が含まれる。このような化合物のうち好ましい化合物として、下記一般式(A)で表される化合物が好ましい。
本発明において有用な酸化防止剤の一つとして、下記一般式(B)で表されるヒンダードアミン系化合物が好ましい。
本発明において有用な酸化防止剤の一つとして、下記一般式(C−1)、(C−2)、(C−3)、(C−4)、(C−5)で表される部分構造を分子内に有する化合物が好ましい。
本発明において有用な酸化防止剤の一つとして、下記一般式(D)で表されるイオウ系化合物が好ましい。
セルロースエステルは、溶融製膜が行われるような高温環境下では酸によっても分解が促進されるため、本発明の光学フィルムにおいては安定化剤として酸捕捉剤を含有することが好ましい。本発明において有用な酸捕捉剤としては、酸と反応して酸を不活性化する化合物であれば制限なく用いることができるが、中でも米国特許第4,137,201号明細書に記載されているような、エポキシ基を有する化合物が好ましい。このような酸捕捉剤としてのエポキシ化合物は当該技術分野において既知であり、種々のポリグリコールのジグリシジルエーテル、特にポリグリコール1モル当たりに約8〜40モルのエチレンオキシド等の縮合によって誘導されるポリグリコール、グリセロールのジグリシジルエーテル等、金属エポキシ化合物(例えば、塩化ビニルポリマー組成物において、及び塩化ビニルポリマー組成物と共に、従来から利用されているもの)、エポキシ化エーテル縮合生成物、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル(即ち、4,4′−ジヒドロキシジフェニルジメチルメタン)、エポキシ化不飽和脂肪酸エステル(特に、2〜22個の炭素原子の脂肪酸の4〜2個程度の炭素原子のアルキルのエステル(例えば、ブチルエポキシステアレート)等)、及び種々のエポキシ化長鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド等(例えば、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化亜麻仁油等)の組成物によって代表され例示され得るエポキシ化植物油及び他の不飽和天然油(これらはときとしてエポキシ化天然グリセリドまたは不飽和脂肪酸と称され、これらの脂肪酸は一般に12〜22個の炭素原子を含有している)が含まれる。また、市販のエポキシ基含有エポキシド樹脂化合物として、EPON 815C、及び下記一般式(E)の他のエポキシ化エーテルオリゴマー縮合生成物も好ましく用いることができる。
紫外線吸収剤は、偏光子や表示装置の紫外線に対する劣化防止の観点から、波長370nm以下の紫外線の吸収能に優れており、かつ液晶表示性の観点から、波長400nm以上の可視光の吸収が少ないものが好ましい。本発明に用いられる紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、オキシベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、サリチル酸エステル系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物、ニッケル錯塩系化合物、トリアジン系化合物等を挙げることができるが、ベンゾフェノン系化合物や着色の少ないベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、トリアジン系化合物が好ましい。また、特開平10−182621号、同8−337574号公報記載の紫外線吸収剤、特開平6−148430号、特開2003−113317号公報記載の高分子紫外線吸収剤を用いてもよい。
本発明に係る光学フィルムの製造においては、フィルム成形材料中に少なくとも1種の可塑剤を添加することが好ましい。
これらの化合物の一例を下記に挙げるが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
モノペットSOA:第一工業製薬社製
ポリマー可塑剤としては、具体的には、脂肪族炭化水素系ポリマー、脂環式炭化水素系ポリマー、ポリアクリル酸エチル、ポリメタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸メチルとメタクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチルとの共重合体(例えば、共重合比1:99〜99:1の間の任意の比率)等のアクリル系ポリマー、ポリビニルイソブチルエーテル、ポリN−ビニルピロリドン等のビニル系ポリマー、ポリスチレン、ポリ4−ヒドロキシスチレン等のスチレン系ポリマー、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド等のポリエーテル、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、ポリウレア等が挙げられる。数平均分子量は1000〜500000程度が好ましく、特に好ましくは、5000〜200000である。1000以下では揮発性に問題が生じ、500000を超えると可塑化能力が低下し、セルロースエステルフィルムの機械的性質に悪影響を及ぼす。これらポリマー可塑剤は1種の繰り返し単位からなる単独重合体でも、複数の繰り返し構造体を有する共重合体でもよい。また、上記ポリマーを2種以上併用して用いてもよい。
本発明に係る光学フィルムは、滑り性や光学的、機械的機能を付与するためにマット剤を添加することができる。マット剤としては、無機化合物の微粒子または有機化合物の微粒子が挙げられる。
本発明の好ましい態様であるセルロースエステルを有してなる光学フィルムは、前述のように溶融流延によって製造することが好ましい。溶液流延法において用いられる溶媒(例えば塩化メチレン等)を用いずに、加熱溶融する溶融流延による成形法は、更に詳細には、溶融押出成形法、プレス成形法、インフレーション法、射出成形法、ブロー成形法、延伸成形法等に分類できる。これらの中で、機械的強度及び表面精度等に優れる偏光板保護フィルムを得るためには、溶融押し出し法が優れている。
式(ii) Rt=((nx+ny)/2−nz)×d
(式中、nxはフィルム面内の遅相軸方向の屈折率、nyはフィルム面内の進相軸方向の屈折率、nzはフィルムの厚み方向の屈折率(屈折率は23℃、55%RHの環境下、波長590nmで測定)、dはフィルムの厚さ(nm)を表す。)
光学フィルムの屈折率は、アッベ屈折率計(4T)を用いて、フィルムの厚さは市販のマイクロメーターを用いて、リタデーション値は、自動複屈折計KOBRA−21ADH(王子計測機器(株)製)等を用いて、各々測定することが出来る。
式、(幅方向の延伸倍率)>(流延方向の延伸倍率)
の条件を満たすことが必要である。
本発明に係る光学フィルムを偏光板保護フィルムとして用いる場合、偏光板の作製方法は特に限定されず、一般的な方法で作製することができる。本発明の光学フィルムの裏面側をアルカリ鹸化処理し、処理した光学フィルムを、ヨウ素溶液中に浸漬延伸して作製した偏光膜の少なくとも一方の面に、完全鹸化型ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を用いて貼り合わせることが好ましい。もう一方の面にも本発明の光学フィルムを用いても、別の偏光板保護フィルムを用いてもよい。本発明の光学フィルムに対して、もう一方の面に用いられる偏光板保護フィルムは市販のセルロースエステルフィルムを用いることが出来る。例えば、市販のセルロースエステルフィルムとして、KC8UX2M、KC4UX、KC5UX、KC4UY、KC8UY、KC12UR、KC8UCR−3、KC8UCR−4、KC4FR−1、KC8UY−HA、KC8UX−RHA(以上、コニカミノルタオプト(株)製)等が好ましく用いられる。或いは更にディスコチック液晶、棒状液晶、コレステリック液晶などの液晶化合物を配向させて形成した光学異方層を有している光学補償フィルムを兼ねる偏光板保護フィルムを用いることも好ましい。例えば、特開2003−98348記載の方法で光学異方性層を形成することが出来る。本発明の光学フィルムと組み合わせて使用することによって、平面性に優れ、安定した視野角拡大効果を有する偏光板を得ることが出来る。或いは、セルロースエステルフィルム以外の環状オレフィン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート等のフィルムをもう一方の面の偏光板保護フィルムとして用いてもよい。
本発明の光学フィルムを用いた偏光板保護フィルム(位相差フィルムを兼ねる場合も含む)を含む偏光板は、通常の偏光板と比較して高い表示品質を発現させることができ、特にマルチドメイン型の液晶表示装置、より好ましくは複屈折モードによってマルチドメイン型の液晶表示装置への使用に適している。
〔セルロースエステルを有してなる光学フィルム(以下、単にセルロースエステルフィルムと称する)1の作製〕
下記のように、セルロースエステルと各種添加剤を用いて溶融流延によりセルロースエステルフィルム1を作製した。
TMPTB(後述参照) 10質量部
IRGANOX−1010(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製) 0.5質量部
テトラキス(2,4−ジ−tert−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)[1,1−ビフェニル]−4,4′−ジイルビスホスホナイト 0.25質量部
例示高分子化合物A 0.9質量部
Tinuvin928(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製) 1.8質量部
セルロースエステルを70℃、3時間減圧下で乾燥を行い室温まで冷却した後、添加剤を混合した。
セルロースエステルフィルム1の作製において、セルロースエステルの種類、或いは例示高分子化合物Aに代わる添加剤を表2のように変更した以外は同様にして、セルロースエステルフィルム2〜24を作製した。なお、使用したセルロースエステルC−1に代わるセルロースエステルの添加量は、セルロースエステルC−1と同じ質量部とし、また、使用した例示高分子化合物Aに代わる添加剤の添加量は、セルロースエステルフィルム2〜15、24に関しては例示高分子化合物Aと同じ質量部とし、セルロースエステルフィルム16〜23に関しては0.3質量部とした。
C−2:セルロースアセテートプロピオネート(アセチル基置換度1.3、プロピオニル基置換度1.2、分子量Mn=66,000、Mw/Mn=3.0)
C−3:セルロースアセテートプロピオネート(アセチル基置換度1.7、プロピオニル基置換度1.0、分子量Mn=73,000、Mw/Mn=2.9)
C−4:セルロースアセテートプロピオネート(アセチル基置換度2.0、プロピオニル基置換度0.7、分子量Mn=91,000、Mw/Mn=2.4)
巻き取ったセルロースエステルフィルム原反試料をポリエチレンシートで2重に包み、図8(a)、(b)、(c)に示すような保存方法で、25℃、50%の条件下で30日間保存した。その後、箱から取り出し、ポリエチレンシートを開け、フィルム原反試料表面に点灯している蛍光灯の管を反射させて映し、その歪み或いは細かい乱れを観察し、馬の背故障を下記レベルにランク分けした。
B:蛍光灯が部分的に曲がって見える
C:蛍光灯がまだらに映って見える
また、保存後のフィルム原反試料を巻き返して、50μm以上の点状の変形、または幅手方向の帯状の変形がはっきり見える巻芯転写が、巻芯部分より何mまで発生しているかを測定し、下記レベルにランク分けを行った。
B:巻芯部分より15〜30m未満
C:巻芯部分より30〜50m未満
D:巻芯部分より50m以上
(巻始めシワ)
巻芯に原反フィルムを巻き取る作業を行い、巻始めでシワが発生して不良となった場合は巻芯から原反フィルムを取り外して、再度巻き取る作業を行った。この時の不良回数をカウントした。この作業を10回行平均値を求め、下記レベルにランク分けを行った。
B:1回以上3回未満
C:3回以上5回未満
D:5回以上
(ブリードアウト)
セルロースエステルフィルムを、80℃、90%RHの高温高湿雰囲気下で1000時間放置後、セルロースエステルフィルム表面のブリードアウト(結晶析出)の有無を目視観察を行い、下記基準に従って評価を行った。
B:表面で、部分的なブリードアウトが僅かに認められる
C:表面で、全面に亘りブリードアウトが僅かに認められる
D:表面で、全面に亘り明確なブリードアウトが認められる
(ヘイズ)
ヘイズ計(1001DP型、日本電色工業(株)製)を用いて測定した結果から、試料の厚さが80μmの場合のヘイズの値に換算し、下記基準に従って評価を行った。
B:ヘイズが0.5〜1.0%未満表
C:ヘイズが1.0〜1.5%未満
D:ヘイズが1.5%以上
下記の組成物を調製した。
ポリメチルメタアクリレート(重量平均分子量55万、Tg:90℃) 0.5部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル 60部
メチルエチルケトン 16部
乳酸エチル 5部
メタノール 8部
導電性ポリマー樹脂P−1(0.1〜0.3μm粒子) 0.5部
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート単量体 60部
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート2量体 20部
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート3量体以上の成分 20部
ジエトキシベンゾフェノン光反応開始剤 6部
シリコーン系界面活性剤 1部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル 75部
メチルエチルケトン 75部
(カール防止層塗布組成物(3))
アセトン 35部
酢酸エチル 45部
イソプロピルアルコール 5部
ジアセチルセルロース 0.5部
超微粒子シリカ2%アセトン分散液(アエロジル:200V、日本アエロジル(株)製) 0.1部
下記に従って、機能付与した偏光板保護フィルムを作製した。
実施例1で作製した本発明のセルロースエステルフィルム原反試料1をポリエチレンシートで2重に包み、図8に示すような保存方法で25℃、50%RHの条件下で30日間、この後、40℃、80%RHの条件下で保存した。その後、それぞれポリエチレンシートを外して、それぞれの原反試料から巻き出したセルロースエステルフィルムの片面に、カール防止層塗布組成物(3)をウェット膜厚13μmとなるようにグラビアコートし、乾燥温度80±5℃にて乾燥させた。これを試料1Aとする。
厚さ120μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムを沃素1質量部、沃化カリウム2質量部、ホウ酸4質量部を含む水溶液に浸漬し50℃で4倍に延伸し偏光子を作製した。
VA型液晶表示装置である、富士通製15型液晶ディスプレイVL−1530Sの偏光板を剥がし、上記で作製した各々の偏光板を液晶セルのサイズに合わせて断裁した。液晶セルを挟むようにして、前記作製した偏光板2枚を偏光板の偏光軸が元と変わらないように互いに直交するように貼り付け、15型VA型カラー液晶ディスプレイを作製し、セルロースエステルフィルムの偏光板としての特性を評価したところ、本発明の偏光板1〜18を用いた液晶表示装置は、比較の偏光板19を用いた液晶表示装置に対してコントラストも高く、優れた表示性を示した。これにより、液晶ディスプレイ等の画像表示装置用の偏光板として優れていることが確認された。
Claims (7)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物から誘導される高分子化合物を少なくとも1つ含有することを特徴とする光学フィルム。
[式中、R1〜R6は水素原子または置換基を表し、R1及びR2は一緒になって二重結合によって結合されている置換基を表しても良い。但し、R1〜R6で表される基の少なくとも1つは重合性基を部分構造として有する基を表す。なお、R1〜R6が置換基を表す時、該置換基は、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アシルアミノ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アルケニル基、ハロゲン原子、アルキニル基、複素環基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、アルキルスルフィニル基、アリールスルフィニル基、ホスホノ基、アシル基、カルバモイル基、スルファモイル基、スルホンアミド基、シアノ基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、複素環オキシ基、シロキシ基、アシルオキシ基、スルホン酸基、スルホン酸の塩、アミノカルボニルオキシ基、アミノ基、アニリノ基、イミド基、ウレイド基、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、複素環チオ基、チオウレイド基、カルボキシル基、カルボン酸の塩、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、またはニトロ基を表す。] - 前記重合性基が、不飽和エチレン系重合性基であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の光学フィルム。
- 前記重合性基が、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基、及びスチリル基からなる群より選択される基を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項に記載の光学フィルム。
- セルロースエステルを有してなることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項〜第3項のいずれか1項に記載の光学フィルム。
- 請求の範囲第1項〜第4項のいずれか1項に記載の光学フィルムが、溶融流延法によって製造されることを特徴とする光学フィルムの製造方法。
- 請求の範囲第1項〜第4項のいずれか1項に記載の光学フィルムを偏光子の少なくとも一方の面に有することを特徴とする偏光板。
- 請求の範囲第6項に記載の偏光板を液晶セルの少なくとも一方の面に用いることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
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WO2008120596A1 (ja) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. | セルロースエステル光学フィルム、該セルロースエステル光学フィルムを用いた偏光板及び液晶表示装置、セルロースエステル光学フィルムの製造方法、及び共重合ポリマー |
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JP2002121399A (ja) * | 2000-10-17 | 2002-04-23 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 樹脂組成物及びフィルム |
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