JPWO2007010606A1 - Network system using 3-state address - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method of merging a MAC address system (M-) given to equipment such as a computer and a socket address system (P-) assigned to a fixed telephone such as ISDN. As an example of an address, a 4-digit bit string created by “1 · 0 · Z” following M, P, Q, and T is shown. M is a ternary address given to the equipment, and P is a binary address given to the socket. When the user connects the equipment to the socket, the calculation of Q = [M choice P] is performed, and a binary new node address Q is created. By accessing the ternary destination address T-0ZZ1, 31 determines sign = [Q mask T], and processes “pass when equipment is not connected”, “match” and “non-match”.

Description

  The present invention relates to a network system that enables access by a digital address composed of 3 states and n digits.

  In a human network where users are involved, in order to distinguish between connected nodes and users, location-dependent numbers attached to network media such as public telephone numbers and IP addresses, object dependencies such as mail addresses and IDs assigned to users, etc. There is a model number. These addresses are a unique system within a single network. However, even if one PC (personal computer) is used as one node, currently different networks are constructed with different ID systems for each application. That is, it is understood that any one node has the same number of different addresses as the number of networks to which it belongs.

  In a mechanical system network in which industrial machines are involved, the same machine is not allowed to belong to a plurality of networks in order to prevent access from a plurality of control systems. Therefore, the freedom in the mechanical network must be increased unless a plurality of nodes can be accessed with one destination address. If it can be realized, the freedom of transmitting the intention of the user who creates the destination address to the equipment is guaranteed.

  Finally, as a condition of the network that can use the present invention, it is necessary to have a data conflict avoidance mechanism even if there are many nodes having the same address. As an example, in addition to IEEE 802.3, International Patent Publication WO01 / 11829 “Computer Network with Arbitration Circuit Using Token (Japan Patent 3610559)” can be cited.

  The present invention relates to an address system in a network having a mechanism that does not affect the data contention avoidance mechanism even if a large number of nodes having the same address exist or the physical address of the node changes. The invention that forms the core of the present invention is access by a digital address composed of 3 states and n digits.

  Generally, in software, a 1-bit state is indicated by a binary value “1 · 0”. However, in hardware, it is general to grasp as a three-value “H level / L level / Z level” as a 1-bit output value.

  The 1-bit state of the participating address needs to distinguish between the three values “1 · 0 · Z” or the binary value “1 · 0”. However, the distinction between serial and parallel is unnecessary.

  The present invention is an access by a digital address composed of 3 states and n digits, and will be described in the first stage and the second stage.

  In the invention of the first stage, if the user inserts an information plug to which a device such as a household appliance or a household equipment is connected into a wall socket, the device number indicating the type and nature of the device and the location of the wall socket This is a method of automatically generating a node having a new address by combining place numbers indicating

  The information plug is an accessory of the user equipment unit and has an n-digit equipment number composed of three values “1 · 0 · Z”.

  The wall socket is an accessory of the data transfer unit and has an n-digit location number consisting of binary “1 · 0”.

  If the information plug is inserted into the wall socket, a new node is created by combining the user equipment unit and the data transfer unit. Therefore, the message issued by the user equipment unit is carried by the network via the data transfer unit and delivered to any user equipment unit constituting the new node.

  The address of the new node is composed of binary “1 · 0” by 1-bit operation of the same digit of the equipment number of ternary “1 · 0 · Z” and location number of binary “1 · 0” Digits are created. Next, an operation related to 1 bit is shown.

If the equipment number is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number is “0”, set it to “0”
If the equipment number is “Z” and the location number is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number is “Z” and the location number is “0”, it is set to “0”.

  Hereinafter, a supplementary explanation will be given regarding the relationship with the conventional address.

  If the n-digit equipment number composed of ternary values “1 · 0 · Z” is composed only of “Z”, the new node is the same as the location number. The basis of this idea is that there is only a port number without assigning a number to the equipment. As an example, a fixed telephone is a device composed only of “Z” and belongs to the socket address system.

  Also, if the n-digit equipment number composed of three values “1 · 0 · Z” is composed of only “1 · 0”, the new node is the same as the equipment number. That is, an address is given to the LAN card but no address is given to the socket belonging to the hub, and an existing MAC (medium access control) address system is formed.

  The invention of the second stage relates to message transfer processing performed by a node. The data transfer unit determines whether the destination address and the receiving node address match, and if it matches, transmits a message to the user equipment unit through the wall socket and the information plug.

  The destination address of the present invention is n digits composed of the ternary value “1 · 0 · Z”, and the receiving node address is n digits composed of the binary value “1 · 0” created in the first stage. .

  In the address match determination, a match determination is made for one bit of each digit of the destination address and the receiving node address, and when all n digits match, the receiving node receives a message. A match criterion for 1 bit is shown.

If the destination address is “1” and the receiving node address is “1”, it matches,
If the destination address is “0” and the receiving node address is “0”, it matches,
If the destination address is “Z”, it matches.

  Hereinafter, a supplementary explanation will be given regarding the relationship between the conventional destination address and message reception.

  If “Z” is not included in the destination address, it is a conventional unicast communication, and a single destination address accesses a single node. Note that multicast is a form in which a plurality of single destination addresses are described to access the corresponding node, and it is clarified that there are a plurality of destination address descriptions.

  If the destination address does not include “1 · 0” and is only “Z”, all nodes are broadcast channels that receive messages. In this case, the network medium transmits the message to the equipment, but the equipment itself determines whether or not to transmit the message to the user by making a match with the ID number designated by the user.

  The greatest effect of the present invention is a socket address system based on a location classification in which an address is assigned to an ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) transmission path, and a MAC address system that gives a specific address to a specific device such as a PC. It can be expressed by one address system. Therefore, a node address that can be freely weighted according to the characteristics of both the property and the location is created, and control and information collection are simplified.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a 3-state digital synthesis circuit in a parallel format. FIG. 2 shows an example of 3-state digital signal transmission in the serial format. FIG. 3 shows an example of local area network construction. FIG. 4 shows an example of wide area network construction. 10: Damper resistance 11: Parallel circuit 21: User equipment unit 22: 21 plug 31: Data transfer unit 32: 31 wall socket 41: 31 interconnection transmission path 51: 22 and 32 connection path 61: Upper layer LAN 71 , 72: Middle layer LAN 81: Lower layer LAN Q-****: New node address T-0ZZ1: Example of destination address

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the first stage of the present invention, which is a parallel address synthesizing circuit in hardware.

  A triangle in FIG. 1 is a symbol diagram of the signal buffer circuit. An implementation circuit will be described with i as a representative of 0, 1,..., and a processing operation for address synthesis will be described.

  Mi indicates the i-th equipment number of each household electrical appliance or household equipment, and the 1-bit output value is one of three values “H level, L level, and Z level”. Pi indicates the i-th place number indicating the location of the data transfer unit. The 1-bit output value of Pi is a binary “H level / L level”, but a “C” terminal is provided to control connection or disconnection of the output of Pi to the electric circuit 11. Qi indicates the i-th new address obtained by synthesis.

The outputs of Mi and Pi are connected to each other by a parallel electric circuit 11 via a damper resistor 10, and the voltage of the electric circuit 11 is recognized by Qi.
The timing for obtaining the value of the new composite address appearing as a voltage in the electric circuit 11 is that the output of Pi is sent to the electric circuit 11 by “C” and becomes a stable state, and then the output of Pi is changed to the high impedance state by “C” Recognize by Qi.

  Explain in detail.

  If Mi is a low impedance output of “H level” or “L level” and Pi is “H level” or “L level”, the output of all Pi is set to “Z level” by “C”. By making the impedance high, the electric circuit 11 is pulled to the low impedance of the Mi output, and “H level” or “L level” is transmitted to Qi.

  When Mi is “Z level”, if Pi is connected to “H level” or “L level”, parallel circuit 11 is filled to “H level” or “L level”. Here, if the output of all Pi is set to “Z level” which is not connected by “C”, the electric circuit 11 becomes high impedance, and “H level” or “L level” depends on the time constant of the electric circuit 11. Hold for a while. Therefore, if Mi is “Z level”, the output value of Pi, “H level” or “L level”, is detected by Qi.

As described above, in the parallel circuit of FIG. 1, if “H level / L level / Z level” corresponds to “1 · 0 · Z”, the binary “1 · 0” which is the first stage of the present invention is obtained. A configured n-digit new node address is created.

  FIG. 2 is an example of 3-state digital transmission in the serial format. The horizontal axis of 3-state coding is the time axis. If the vertical axis is a positive or negative transferable quantity of electricity such as voltage or current, the positive quantity is “1”, the negative quantity is “0”, and the neutral quantity is By comparing with “Z”, 3-state digital transmission becomes possible.

In addition to amplitude modulation as shown in FIG. 2, frequency modulation, phase modulation, and the like are known as digital transmission in a serial format. In the case of frequency modulation, three-state digital transmission is possible if modulation is performed using three frequencies corresponding to “1 · 0 · Z”. In the case of phase modulation, three-state digital transmission is possible by setting the three phases corresponding to “1 · 0 · Z” to 0, 120, and 240 degrees. Of course, if QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) combining amplitude modulation and phase modulation is used, the conventional technique is effective in increasing the baud rate.

  The above is a method for creating a three-state digital transmission in physical serial form. If only two-state digital transmission in the serial format is physically allowed, follow the conventional 8-bit character code creation and use 2 bits as a method of transmitting 1-bit “1 · 0 · Z”. It may be “11, 00, 10” or “11, 00, 01”.

  Therefore, even for the transmission of the binary “1 · 0”, a method of considering the transmission of the ternary “1 · 0 · Z” by using a PU (processing unit) is an easy technique.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a conventional LAN (local aria network). The basic LAN uses a network having a data contention avoidance mechanism in which data transfer units 31 are connected by a transmission path 41. Therefore, even if there are a plurality of nodes and data transfer units 31 having the same address, this can be realized.

The main part of the invention of the first stage is a synthesis operation.

If the equipment number M is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number M is “0”, set it to “0”
If the equipment number M is “Z” and the location number P is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number M is “Z” and the location number P is “0”, it is set to “0”.

  By letting the above calculation be expressed as Q = [M choice P], the following explanation is simplified. The operation [M choice P] is defined as selecting the value of M if M is “1” or “0” and selecting the value of P if M is “Z” for bits in the same digit.

  In order to construct a network in which user equipment units 21 such as home appliances and household equipment are connected, an information plug 22 attached to 21 is inserted into a wall socket 32 attached to 31, and a connection path 51 is secured.

  The number of digits of the unit numbers 21 and 31 is not limited as long as they are the same number. For the sake of simplicity, the number of digits is set to n = 4.

  The unique number of unit 31 is P-1001, P-1100, P-1011, P-1101, and the unique number of unit 21 is M-0ZZZ, M-0Z11, M-00Z0, M-0ZZ1. .

  The connection between 22 and 32 in FIG. 3 will be described in order from the right side.

  The rightmost is the connection between M-0ZZ1 and P-1101, the new node address is Q-0101, and the notation is Q-0101 = [M-0ZZ1 choice P-1101].

  Similarly, the second is Q-0010 = [M-00Z0 choice P-1011].

  Similarly, the third is Q-0111 = [M-0Z11 choice P-1100].

  The leftmost is the state where M-0ZZZ and P-1001 are not connected. That is, this state is a state in which all the electric circuit 11 is disconnected in FIG. Even if M-0ZZZ and P-1001 are connected, since Mi is manufactured with a 3-state buffer, Q-1001 = [M-ZZZZ choice P-1001].

  That is, if the number of the unit 21 is M-ZZZZ in which all digits are “Z”, the new node address is always the same as that of the data transfer unit 31 regardless of whether 21 and 31 are connected. Therefore, a connection determination bit for informing whether or not 21 and 31 are connected is provided in an arbitrary digit constituting the address. In FIG. 3, the connection determination bit is set to the most significant digit.

  For the leftmost 21, the most significant digit was fixed to “0” to M-0ZZZ, and for the leftmost 31, the same digit as 21 was fixed to “1” to P-1001. By using the connection determination bit in this way, Q-0001 = [M-0ZZZ choice P-1001], so it is possible to determine whether the units 21 and 31 are connected due to the difference between Q-0001 and Q-1001. Become.

  The main part of the invention of the second stage is a match criterion for 1 bit.

If the destination address T is “1” and the receiving node address Q is “1”, it matches,
If the destination address T is “0” and the receiving node address Q is “0”, it matches,
If the destination address T is “Z”, it matches.

  The above judgment is expressed by sign = [Q mask T], and the subsequent explanation is simplified.

  [Q mask T] gives three types of judgment results: “Pass when equipment is not connected”, “Match” and “Match”, and sign is expressed as “PASS”, “EQU” and “NEQ” respectively.

  “PASS” is a case where the value of the connection determination bit in the receiving node address Q is “1”. When the value of the connection determination bit at the receiving node address Q is “0”, the digit where the “Z” of the destination address T is described is masked against the receiving node address Q, and all the digits match the destination address T. If it is, set it to “EQU”, and if some digits do not match, set it to “NEQ”. An example will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the destination address T-0ZZ1 accesses the data transfer unit P-1001, the P-1001 determines “PASS” because the value of the connection determination bit of Q-1001 is “1”.

  When destination address T-0ZZ1 accesses data transfer unit P-1100, P-1100 creates Q-0ZZ1 by masking Q-0111 with “Z” of T-0ZZ1, and then all of T-0ZZ1 and T-0ZZ1. Check digit match and determine "EQU". Note that the P-1100 determined to be “EQU” transfers the message of the destination address T-0ZZ1 to the M-0Z11.

  When destination address T-0ZZ1 accesses data transfer unit P-1011, P-1011 creates Q-0ZZ0 by masking Q-0010 with “Z” of T-0ZZ1, and then all of T-0ZZ1 and T-0ZZ1. Check the digit match and determine "NEQ".

  When destination address T-0ZZ1 accesses data transfer unit P-1101, P-1101 creates Q-0ZZ1 by masking Q-0101 with “Z” of T-0ZZ1, and then all of T-0ZZ1 and T-0ZZ1. Check digit match and determine "EQU". Note that P-1101 determined to be “EQU” transfers the message at the destination address T-0ZZ1 to M-0ZZ1.

  The advantages of the home network system incorporating the present invention will be described.

  In a home consisting of four rooms: living room, kitchen, bedroom, and bath, the representative location number of the data transfer unit 31 to be installed is assigned with the first digit “1” such as 001, 011, 101, 111, respectively. . If more wall sockets 32 are required, the first digit such as 000, 010, 100, 110 is set to “0”. If there are 3 wall sockets in the bedroom, the most significant digit is used as the connection discrimination bit, so “P-1” is added to make it 4 digits, P-1101, P-1100, P-1100, and 2 types. Set to data transfer unit address.

  Electric equipment number ZZ1 and electric fan number ZZ0 are listed as equipment such as home appliances and housing equipment. Manufacturers of electric appliances and electric fans use M-0ZZ1 and M-0ZZ0 as product addresses for sale, using the most significant digit as the connection identification bit, adding “M-0” to 4 digits.

  If a user with the above four rooms purchases a lighting fixture and inserts it into the wall socket of each room, the node address in the living room / kitchen / bedroom / bath is Q-by Q = [M choice P]. 0001, Q-0011, Q-0101, and Q-0111, and the node addresses in each room of the fan are Q-0000, Q-0010, Q-0100, and Q-0110, respectively.

  In other words, Q-0101 can be obtained by inserting the electric lamp M-0ZZ1 into any place of the three wall sockets P-1101, P-1100, P-1100 in the bedroom, and Q if the electric fan M-0ZZ1 is inserted. -0100 is obtained. Thus, even if the manufacturer manufactures the same product, a useful address is automatically given by inserting it into a wall socket at a required place in each house.

  The greatest effect of the present invention is that the MAC address system given to equipment such as computers and the socket address system in which telephone numbers are assigned to terminal connection lines such as ISDN can be consolidated into one address system. is there.

  IEEE 802.3 described in the background art is used for a basic network of a MAC address system. Therefore, it is assumed that the international publication patent WO01 / 11829 “computer network having arbitration circuit using tokens (Japan Patent 3610559)” is used as the network using the three-state address of the present invention.

  WO03 / 092221 “Network security mechanism” is not only based on WO01 / 11829, but also has an upper limit on the number of addresses. WO96 / 31968 “Computer network with transfer identification and arbitration mechanism” It is used as a basis. The present invention will be described with reference to the wide area network shown in FIG. 4 as an example of the influence of the conventional usage on the network address.

  In FIG. 4, LAN 61 surrounded by a broken line is the local area network of FIG. 3, and the address directly recognized by the data transfer unit is described. Further, the LAN 71, LAN 72, and LAN 81 surrounded by a broken line are constructed by data transfer units and nodes to which appropriate addresses are given.

  According to the above-mentioned published patent, the connection between LANs is completed by connecting the unit having the maximum address value in the lower layer LAN to an arbitrary unit belonging to the upper layer LAN. These connecting units are nodes having unique addresses whose first digit is “1” for eliminating the presence of the same address in the LAN. That is, the connection between P-1111 and 61 P-1001 of LAN71, the connection of P-1111 and 61 P-1011 of LAN72, and the connection of P-1111 and P-1001 of LAN81.

  According to the aforementioned published patent, the first transmitted message is contained in the next frame.

    [Code, LAN exit, ..., LAN exit, destination, sender] [Data section]

  Each address of the frame is rotated every time the LAN moves.

  It will be described that the present invention can be used even if the present invention is applied to the existing network.

  In FIG. 4, an example in which the user equipment unit Q-0110 in 71 transmits a message to Q-0100 in 72 will be described.

If the route to which the message is transferred is enclosed in parentheses within one LAN,
[Q-0110⇒P-1010⇒P-1111] ⇒ [P-1001⇒P-1011] ⇒ [P-1111⇒P-1110⇒Q-0100]
It is. When applied to the traditional message frame creation method,
The exit for 71 is P-1111, the exit for 61 is P-1011, and the destination for 72 is Q-0100.

  In the present invention, the destination is T-0100 instead of Q-0100. This is because a three-state destination including “Z” as the destination can be designated. A method of clearly distinguishing whether the destination address is using the conventional Q-0100 or the T-0100 of the present invention is to provide a judgment bit in the code.

Therefore, Q-0110 of 71 uses the exit address of each LAN for code T,
[Code T, P-1111, P-1011, T-0100, Q-0110] [Data part] is passed to P-1010.

  P-1010 is sent to P-1111 because the next code is P-1111, which is different from the one addressed to itself.

  Since P-1111 of 71 is the same as P-1111 after the code, it is sent to the WAN transmission line.

61 P-1001 was received from the WAN transmission line, so it was rotated.
[Code T, P-1011, T-0100, P-1001, Q-0110] Send [Data part] to P-1011.

  Since P-1011 is the same as P-1011 after the code, it is sent to the WAN transmission line.

72 P-1111 was received from the WAN transmission line, so it was rotated
[Code T, T-0100, P-1111, P-1001, Q-0110] [Data part] is sent to the LAN.

  The 72 data transfer units P-1111 determine that [Q-1111 mask T-0100] = PASS.

  The 72 data transfer units P-1001 judges that [Q-0001 mask T-0100] = NEQ.

  The data transfer unit P-1110 72 determines that [Q-0100 mask T-0100] = EQU and transfers the message to the user equipment unit.

  In the above message frame transition, the network using the new node address is the LAN 71 where the transmission source Q-0110 created the frame and the LAN 72 using the destination T-0100. In FIG. 3, which is the relay LAN 61, even if various user equipment units 21 are connected to the data transfer unit 31 and a new node address is created, if the LAN is responsible for the relay function, the message frame is not included at all. Means no effect.

In addition, when connecting LANs for building a WAN, in order to ensure uniqueness of addresses within the LAN, in the best mode for carrying out the invention, three wall sockets are provided in the bedroom. The addresses to be installed are P-1101, P-1100, P-1100, and the first digit is set to "1". In order to clarify this, short WAN transmission lines are described in 61 P-1101 and 81 P-1001 in FIG.

  Access to the transfer unit can be realized by setting the destination address T-1xxx. The determination method is “sign = [P mask T]” when [Q mask T] is “PASS”.

  Even if a plurality of data transfer units whose destination addresses include “Z” perform return processing, they are returned correctly. As an example, a case where the transmission source Q-0110 of 71 sets the destination address T-0Z0Z indicating a plurality of 72 devices will be described.

Q-0110 of 71 is the frame of destination T-0Z0Z as in the previous example
[Code T, P-1111, P-1011, T-0Z0Z, Q-0110] [Data part] is passed to P-1010.

  This frame passes through 71 and 61 and is transferred to 72 P-1111.

72 P-1111 was received from the WAN transmission line, so it was rotated
[Code T, T-0Z0Z, P-1111, P-1001, Q-0110] [Data part] is sent to the LAN.

  P-1111 of 72 judges that [Q-1111 mask T-0Z0Z] = PASS.

72 P-1001 judges that [Q-0001 mask T-0Z0Z] = EQU and sends a message to the user equipment unit to which it is connected. Q-0001 is a return frame in which all addresses written in the received frame are shifted to the left and the self address is entered.
[Code, P-1111, P-1001, Q-0110, Q-0001] [Return data section] is created. This frame has a format for transmission to a conventional specific destination.

Similarly, 72 Q-1101 is a return frame
[Code, P-1111, P-1001, Q-0110, Q-0100] Create [Return data section]. This frame has a format for transmission to a conventional specific destination.

Claims (3)

Regarding the address that distinguishes the node connected to the network,
An n-digit equipment number composed of three values “1 · 0 · Z”,
In an n-digit location number composed of binary “1 · 0”,
As a synthesis method for 1 bit of each number digit,
If the equipment number is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number is “0”, set it to “0”.
If the equipment number is “Z” and the location number is “1”, set it to “1”.
If the equipment number is “Z” and the location number is “0”, set it to “0”.
by doing,
A method of creating an n-digit node address composed of binary “1 · 0”. A device having an n-digit equipment number composed of three values "1 · 0 · Z", which is a constituent element of claim 1. Regarding message access to nodes:
In an n-digit destination address composed of ternary values “1 · 0 · Z” and an n-digit receiving node address composed of binary values “1 · 0”,
As a match judgment for 1 bit of the same digit of each address,
If the destination address is “1” and the receiving node address is “1”, it matches,
If the destination address is “0” and the receiving node address is “0”, it matches,
If the destination address is “Z”, it matches,
If all n digits match,
A method for determining that the destination address matches the receiving node address.

Images