JPWO2003097037A1 - Allergy symptom relief agent - Google Patents

Allergy symptom relief agent Download PDF

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JPWO2003097037A1
JPWO2003097037A1 JP2004505036A JP2004505036A JPWO2003097037A1 JP WO2003097037 A1 JPWO2003097037 A1 JP WO2003097037A1 JP 2004505036 A JP2004505036 A JP 2004505036A JP 2004505036 A JP2004505036 A JP 2004505036A JP WO2003097037 A1 JPWO2003097037 A1 JP WO2003097037A1
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isoflavones
ltb
release
daidzein
allergic
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JP4479505B2 (en
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美佳子 高杉
美佳子 高杉
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Fuji Oil Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/35Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/352Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
    • A61K31/3533,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/35Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/352Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/08Antiallergic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/22Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D311/26Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
    • C07D311/34Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 3 only
    • C07D311/36Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 3 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. isoflavones

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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

天然物由来であって合成医薬のような副作用の心配が少ない新規のアレルギー症状緩和剤を提供するものである。ダイゼイン、ゲニステイン等のイソフラボン類やエクオール等のイソフラボン類代謝産物を有効成分とすることにより、ケミカルメディエーターの放出抑制効果を有するアレルギー症状緩和剤を提供する。The present invention provides a novel allergic symptom-relieving agent that is derived from a natural product and has less worries about side effects, such as synthetic drugs. Provided is an allergic symptom alleviating agent having an inhibitory effect on the release of chemical mediators by using isoflavones such as daidzein and genistein and metabolites of isoflavones such as equol as active ingredients.

Description

技 術 分 野
本発明はアレルギー症状緩和剤に関する。
背 景 技 術
花粉症や食物アレルギーの罹患率が増加傾向にあり、その対応が急務となっている。花粉症や食物アレルギーはI型アレルギーに分類される。I型アレルギーは、アレルゲン特異的IgE抗体二分子が肥満細胞表面上の高親和性IgE受容体に結合し、新たに侵入したアレルゲンにより架橋され、ヒスタミンやロイコトリエンなどのケミカルメディエーターが放出されることにより発症する。ケミカルメディエーターとは、炎症反応に含まれる細胞間の情報伝達物質であり、もともと細胞内に保持されており刺激に応じて細胞外へ遊離してくるもの(ヒスタミン、ヘパリン等)と、刺激に応じて新しく産性されるもの(ロイコトリエン、プロスタグランジン等)が存在する。
このケミカルメディエーターのうち、ロイコトリエン(LT)はアラキドン酸のようなエイコサポリエン酸から動物組織で合成される一群の生理活性物質をいい、A〜Fの6つの型がある。アラキドン酸の5位の炭素原子にリポキシゲナーゼの作用で酸素分子が添加し、5−ヒドロペルオキシドを生じ、続いて、5,6−エポキシドを含むLTAとなる。さらにエポキシドが開裂し、二重結合が順次移動して12位の炭素原子に水からヒドロキシル基が入って、5,12−ジヒドリキシル体となったものがLTBである。一方、エポキシド開裂に伴って、6位の炭素原子にグルタチオンのシステイン部分がチオエーテル結合すると、LTCを生じ、これからグルタミン酸を失ってLTD、さらにグリシンを遊離してLTE、そこへ再びグルタミン酸が取込まれてLTFとなる。LTBは白血球を活性化し、LTCとLTDは気管支に緩除で持続性の収縮を起こし、小腸の運動を促進させ、また血管透過性を亢進させる作用がある(「生化学辞典 第3版」,東京化学同人,1529−1530)。
近年、アレルギー発症の一連の過程のいずれかを阻害することによりアレルギー症状を緩和する薬剤が種々開発されており、コルチコステロイド、エピネフリン、ヒスタミン拮抗剤、ロイコトリエン合成阻害剤などがアレルギーの治療において利用されている。
一方食品中にも種々の生体機能調節因子が存在しており、これらの因子を含む食品の摂取は生体機能の維持、疾病予防、体質改善をもたらすのに役立つとともに薬剤のような副作用の心配も少ないため、アレルギー症状の緩和作用を有する食品中の有効成分を見出すことが課題となっている。
このような課題に鑑み、緑茶、紅茶、甜茶等の茶類やイチョウ葉、プロポリス等の種々の天然素材に含まれるエピガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、エピカテキン等のポリフェノール類や、ケンフェロール、ケルセチン、ミリセチン、ルテオリン等のフラボノイド類がケミカルメディエーター放出抑制活性を有することが見出されているが、近年のアレルギー症状を訴える患者数の増加傾向からも、さらに多くの有効成分の開発が求められている。
かかる問題に鑑み、本発明はアレルギー症状緩和剤を提供するものである。
発 明 の 開 示
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、大豆や葛根等に含まれるイソフラボン類がケミカルメディエーター放出抑制活性を有し、アレルギー症状の緩和に適用できる知見を得、本発明を完成した。
即ち本発明は、
(1)イソフラボン類を有効成分とするアレルギー症状緩和剤、
(2)イソフラボン類がダイゼイン、ゲニステイン、ダイジン、ゲニスチン、並びにダイジン及びゲニスチンのマロニル体及びアセチル体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種以上である上記(1)に記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤、
(3)イソフラボン類の代謝産物単独又は該代謝産物及びイソフラボン類を有効成分とするアレルギー症状緩和剤。
(4)イソフラボン類の代謝産物がエクオールである上記(3)に記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤、
(5)アレルギー症状緩和作用がケミカルメディエーターの放出抑制を起因とするものであって、ケミカルメディエーターがロイコトリエンである上記(1)〜(4)に何れか記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤、
を提供するものである。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明のアレルギー症状緩和剤はイソフラボン類やそれらの代謝産物を有効成分とすることが特徴である。本発明の有効成分であるイソフラボン類としては、イソフラボン配糖体(ダイジンもしくはゲニスチン又はそれらのアセチル体もしくはマロニル体等)やイソフラボンアグリコン(ダイゼイン、ゲニステイン等)が含まれる。生体内においては直接的に作用するイソフラボンアグリコンを使用することが好ましい。
またイソフラボンの代謝産物としては、エクオール、デヒドロエクオール、O−デスメチルアンゴレンシン、2−デヒドロ−O−デスメチルアンゴレンシン、6−ヒドロキシ−O−デスメチルアンゴレンシン、ジヒドロダイゼイン、ジヒドロゲニステイン、テトラヒドロダイゼイン等を使用することができる。より好ましくはダイゼインの代謝産物であるエクオールを使用することが適当である。
一方、イソフラボン配糖体も、生体内においてはイソフラボンアグリコンやエクオールまで代謝されるため、アレルギー症状緩和剤として使用することができる。
本発明の効果であるアレルギー症状の緩和作用としてはヒスタミン、ロイコトリエン、血小板活性化因子(PAF)、プロスタグランジン、トロンボキサン等のケミカルメディエーターの放出抑制活性によるものであるが、特にロイコトリエン(LTA,LTB等)に対する放出抑制活性が強い。
本発明の有効成分は大豆類その他クローバー等のイソフラボン含有植物から公知の方法により抽出して高濃度の抽出液として得ることができる。その方法については特に限定されないが、例えば以下の態様にて調製することができる。
本発明の有効成分を調製するための原料である大豆類としては、例えば丸大豆、脱皮大豆、脱皮脱胚軸大豆、大豆胚軸、脱脂大豆、分離大豆たん白、濃縮大豆たん白、豆乳、オカラ、大豆ホエー等が挙げられる。効率良く有効成分を得るには、イソフラボン類の含有率が高く、ダイジン並びそのマロニル体及びアセチル体の比率が高い大豆胚軸を選択することがより好ましい。
上記大豆類をそのまま、または粉砕してから水、メタノール、エタノールもしくはプロパノール等の極性溶媒により抽出し、大豆抽出液を得る。この抽出液をそのまま有効成分としても良いし、微量の摂取でアレルギー症状緩和作用を得るために、抽出液をさらに精製することも可能である。精製方法としては、陰イオン交換樹脂や合成吸着樹脂等を用いたカラムクロマトグラフィー法による精製や、ブタノールなどの有機溶媒による液液分配法による精製などが用いられる。
また天然の大豆中に含まれるイソフラボン類はアグリコンよりも、配糖体の存在割合が高いため、アグリコンの存在割合を高めたい場合には、大豆抽出液にβ−グリコシダーゼまたはβ−グリコシダーゼを含有する各種酵素剤もしくは微生物菌体(納豆菌、乳酸菌、麹菌等)を作用させ、ダイジンおよびゲニスチンをダイゼインおよびゲニステインに分解させることによりアグリコンリッチな画分が得られる。この画分はさらにカラムクロマトグラフィー等でダイゼインおよびゲニステインの純品を得ることもできる。
これらの有効成分を含む大豆抽出液は、ダイゼイン、ゲニステイン含有画分としてそのまま適用しても良いし、濃縮液または乾燥粉末に加工しても良い。
またエクオールなどのイソフラボン類の代謝産物は、上記大豆抽出液やダイゼイン、ゲニステインを基質として、化学合成的・酵素的に水素化する還元反応により得ることができる(例えば国際公開WO00/49009号公報)し、イソフラボン類の資化性微生物を用いた発酵法によっても得ることができる(例えば国際公開WO99/07392号公報)。
以上に示した本発明の有効成分は、ヒスタミンやロイコトリエン等のアレルギー症状を発生する原因物質であるケミカルメディエーターの体内への放出を抑制する作用を有し、優れたアレルギー症状緩和効果を奏するものであるので、医薬または特定保健用食品等の健康食品用途として有用である。
本発明の有効成分を薬剤に適用する場合には、原液、濃縮液又は粉末化したものをそのままアレルギー症状緩和剤として使用することも可能であるし、薬理的に許容しうる担体を混合し、適宜、投与に適した単位服用形態の組成物を調製してもよい。例えば経口投与に好適な剤形として、錠剤、丸剤、カプセル剤、もしくは顆粒剤等の固形製剤を常法に従い製剤化すればよく、コーティングを施すことも可能である。さらに、乳濁剤、溶液剤、懸濁剤、シロップ剤といった液体製剤を常法に従って製造し、液体製剤として使用してもよい。
本発明の有効成分を健康食品などの可食性組成物に添加として用いる場合の形態としては、例えば、飲料(液体、粉末)、菓子、加工食品、調味料などに適した種々の形態とすることが可能であり、特に限定されるものではない。可食性組成物とするために通常使用される甘味料、調味料、腑形剤、乳化剤、着色料、香料、安定化剤等を必要に応じて配合し、製造すればよい。
さらに、本発明の薬剤や可食性組成物にはアレルギー症状の緩和に有効であるとされているエピガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、エピカテキン等のポリフェノール類や、ケンフェロール、ケルセチン、ミリセチン、ルテオリン等のフラボノイド類その他の有効成分を含有させ、相乗効果を得ることももちろん可能である。
本発明におけるアレルギー症状緩和剤の投与量は、摂取対象者の症状や年齢、体重等や投与方法により異なるが、通常、有効成分として1日あたり10mg〜1000mg摂取すればよい。摂取は1日1回、または必要に応じて複数回に分けて、所要量を摂取すればよい。
(実施例)
以下、この発明の実施例を示すが、本発明がこれらによってその技術範囲が限定される物ではない。
<実施例1>
・実験材料および試薬
イソフラボン類として、ゲニスチン、ダイジン、ゲニステインおよびダイゼインをフジッコ(株)より、エクオールをApin Chemicals社より購入した。カルシウムイオノフォアA23187およびLTBはSigma社より、プロスタグランジンB2(PGB)はCayman Chemical Companyより購入した。タイロード緩衝液(pH7.4)は137mM NaCl、2.7mM KCl、1.8mM CaCl、1.0mM MgCl、12mM NaHCO、0.4mM NaHPOとなるように調製した。
・ラット腹腔内滲出細胞(PEC)の調製
Sprague−Dawley系雄ラット(8−9週齢)の腹腔内に0.1% D−グルコース、0.1% 魚ゼラチン(Sigma社製)および0.1% ウシ血清アルブミンを含むタイロード緩衝液を注入した。腹部を2分間穏やかにマッサージした後、開腹してPECを含むタイロード緩衝液を回収した。このタイロード緩衝液を4℃、200Gで5分間遠心分離した後に上清を除去し、細胞ペレットを得た。細胞ペレットをm−ACT(150mM NHCl、10mM KHCO、10mM EDTA−2Na、pH7.4)に再懸濁して4℃で 5分間保持し、赤血球を溶血させた。さらにこの細胞懸濁液を4℃、200Gで5分間遠心分離して上清を除去し、細胞数が2×10cells/mlとなるようにタイロード緩衝液に再懸濁して実験に用いた。
・LTB放出量の測定
2×10cellsのPECに1mM CaCl、5μMカルシウムイオノフォアA23187、1〜100μMの大豆イソフラボン(ゲニスチンは1〜10μM)を含むタイロード緩衝液50μlを加え、37℃で20分間インキュベートし、反応させた。内部標準となるPGB(250ng)を含むアセトニトリル−メタノール混合液(6:5,vol/vol)50μlを加えて反応を停止させ、−30℃で30分間保持した。0℃、10,000Gで10分間遠心分離した上清をフィルターでろ過し、上清中のLTB量を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析した。試料溶液20μlをODS−Aカラム(150×6.0mm,5μl,particle size 5μm,YMC)に供し、移動相はアセトニトリル:メタノール:5mM CHCOONH(pH5.6)(30:25:45,vol/vol/vol)を用い、流速は1.1ml/mln.とした。LTBおよび内部標準のPGBは280nmの吸光度(SPD−10AVP,島津)で検出した。既知量のLTBのピーク面積から検量線をあらかじめ作成し、LTB放出量を求めた。
・結果および考察
大豆イソフラボンを種々の濃度でPECに添加し、カルシウムイオノフォアA23187で刺激した時に細胞外に放出されたLTB濃度を表1に示した。

Figure 2003097037
大豆イソフラボンの配糖体であるゲニスチンとダイジンはいずれの濃度においてもPECからのLTB放出に影響を及ぼさなかった。また、これらのアグリコンであるゲニステインを終濃度100μMでPECに添加した場合、LTB放出を33%に抑制し、ダイゼインを添加した場合にはLTB放出を79%に抑制した。すなわち抑制効果はダイゼインよりもゲニステインの方が高かった。
<実施例2>
次に、大豆イソフラボンの代謝産物であるエクオールを終濃度1〜100μMでPECに添加し、カルシウムイオノフォアA23187で刺激した場合、エクオールは添加濃度依存的にLTB放出を抑制し、終濃度100μMではLTB放出を完全に抑制した(表2)。
Figure 2003097037
以上の結果は、本発明の有効成分であるダイゼインおよびゲニステインおよびその代謝産物であるエクオールがLTB放出抑制作用を通じてアレルギー症状の抑制作用をもたらす可能性を示唆するものである。特にダイゼインの代謝産物であるエクオールの抑制効果はダイジン、ダイゼイン、ゲニスチン、ゲニステインと比べて極めて高かった。LTBは、細胞膜リン脂質のアラキドン酸から5−リポキシゲナーゼ(5−LOX)の作用により生成されるものであるが、5−LOXによる反応は、その過程でラジカルを発生し、ヒドロペルオキシドを生成する。詳細のメカニズムについては不明であるが、イソフラボン類にはフリーラジカル捕捉作用を含む抗酸化作用が以前より報告されており、抗酸化活性を通じて本発明の有効成分は特にLTB放出抑制作用を発現している可能性が考えられる。また、5−LOXは非ヘム鉄を含む酵素であることから、イソフラボン類の金属キレート作用による抑制作用である可能性も考えられる。表1の結果より、本実施例の細胞に直接作用させる試験であったため、配糖体であるダイジンおよびゲニスチンに関して明確なLTB放出抑制作用は見られなかったが、これらの配糖体は生体内で大部分が代謝によりアグリコン、そして代謝産物にまで分解されるため、これらもアグリコンと同等の効果を有すると考えられる。
産業上の利用可能性
本願発明により天然の大豆等から抽出または精製された副作用の少ないイソフラボン類を有効成分とする新規のアレルギー症状の緩和剤が提供できる。また大豆成分であるイソフラボンの新規の有効利用方法も提供することができ、アレルギー関連産業や大豆関連産業にも貢献しうるものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an allergy symptom alleviating agent.
Background Technology <br/> The prevalence of hay fever and food allergies is on the rise, and there is an urgent need to respond. Hay fever and food allergies are classified as type I allergies. Type I allergy is caused by the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and leukotriene by binding of allergen-specific IgE antibodies to high affinity IgE receptors on the surface of mast cells, cross-linking with newly invaded allergens. Develops. Chemical mediators are intercellular communication substances contained in inflammatory reactions, which are originally retained in cells and released to the outside in response to stimuli (histamine, heparin, etc.) and in response to stimuli. There are some newly produced products (leukotrienes, prostaglandins, etc.).
Among these chemical mediators, leukotriene (LT) refers to a group of physiologically active substances synthesized in animal tissues from eicosapolyenoic acid such as arachidonic acid, and there are six types A to F. An oxygen molecule is added to the carbon atom at the 5-position of arachidonic acid by the action of lipoxygenase to produce 5-hydroperoxide, followed by LTA 4 containing 5,6-epoxide. Further, LTB 4 is a product in which the epoxide is cleaved, the double bond is moved sequentially, and a hydroxyl group enters from the water to the carbon atom at the 12-position to form a 5,12-dihydroxyl body. On the other hand, when the cysteine moiety of glutathione is thioether-bonded to the carbon atom at the 6-position along with epoxide cleavage, LTC 4 is generated, from which glutamic acid is lost, LTD 4 is further released, and glycine is further released to LTE 4 . It is taken to become LTF 4 . LTB 4 activates leukocytes, and LTC 4 and LTD 4 cause sustained contraction in the bronchus, promote the movement of the small intestine, and enhance vascular permeability (“Biochemical Dictionary 3rd” Edition ", Tokyo Chemical Doujin, 1529-1530).
In recent years, various drugs have been developed to relieve allergic symptoms by inhibiting any of the allergic processes, and corticosteroids, epinephrine, histamine antagonists, leukotriene synthesis inhibitors, etc. are used in the treatment of allergies Has been.
On the other hand, there are various biological function regulators in foods. Ingestion of foods containing these factors helps to maintain biological functions, prevent disease, improve physical condition, and cause side effects such as drugs. Since there are few, it has become a subject to find the active ingredient in the foodstuff which has the relief effect of allergic symptoms.
In view of these problems, polyphenols such as epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epicatechin and the like contained in various natural materials such as green tea, black tea, strawberry tea, etc. and ginkgo leaves, propolis, etc. Flavonoids such as kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, luteolin, etc. have been found to have chemical mediator release inhibitory activity, but due to the increasing number of patients complaining of allergic symptoms in recent years, more active ingredients Development is required.
In view of such problems, the present invention provides an allergic symptom alleviating agent.
Inventions of disclosure <br/> present inventor has conducted extensive research to solve the above problems, isoflavones contained in soybeans and kudzu root or the like has a chemical mediator release suppressive activity, alleviation of allergic symptoms The present invention was completed by obtaining knowledge applicable to the above.
That is, the present invention
(1) an allergy symptom alleviating agent comprising isoflavones as active ingredients,
(2) The allergic symptom-relieving agent according to (1), wherein the isoflavones are at least one selected from the group consisting of daidzein, genistein, daidzin, genistin, and malonyl and acetylated forms of daidzin and genistin,
(3) An allergic symptom alleviating agent containing isoflavones metabolites alone or the metabolites and isoflavones as active ingredients.
(4) The allergic symptom-relieving agent according to (3) above, wherein the metabolite of isoflavones is equol,
(5) The allergic symptom alleviating agent according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the allergic symptom alleviating action is caused by suppression of chemical mediator release, and the chemical mediator is leukotriene.
Is to provide.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The allergic symptom alleviating agent of the present invention is characterized by having isoflavones and their metabolites as active ingredients. Examples of the isoflavones that are active ingredients of the present invention include isoflavone glycosides (daidin or genistin or acetyl or malonyl thereof) and isoflavone aglycones (daidzein, genistein, etc.). It is preferable to use isoflavone aglycone that acts directly in vivo.
Further, as isoflavone metabolites, equol, dehydroequol, O-desmethylangolensin, 2-dehydro-O-desmethylangolensin, 6-hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin, dihydrodaidzein, dihydrogengenine, tetrahydrodaidzein Etc. can be used. More preferably, equol, which is a metabolite of daidzein, is used.
On the other hand, isoflavone glycosides are also metabolized to isoflavone aglycone and equol in vivo, and therefore can be used as an allergy symptom reducing agent.
The allergic symptom mitigating action which is the effect of the present invention is due to the release inhibitory activity of chemical mediators such as histamine, leukotriene, platelet activating factor (PAF), prostaglandin, thromboxane, etc., and in particular, leukotriene (LTA 4 , LTB 4 etc.) has a strong release inhibitory activity.
The active ingredient of the present invention can be extracted from soybeans and other isoflavone-containing plants such as clover by a known method to obtain a high concentration extract. Although it does not specifically limit about the method, For example, it can prepare in the following aspects.
Examples of soybeans that are raw materials for preparing the active ingredient of the present invention include, for example, whole soybeans, moulted soybeans, moulted and detached hypocotyl soybeans, soybean hypocotyls, defatted soybeans, separated soybean protein, concentrated soybean protein, soy milk, Examples include okara and soybean whey. In order to obtain an effective ingredient efficiently, it is more preferable to select a soybean hypocotyl having a high content of isoflavones and a high ratio of daidin and its malonyl and acetyl bodies.
The soybeans are directly or ground and then extracted with a polar solvent such as water, methanol, ethanol or propanol to obtain a soybean extract. This extract may be used as an active ingredient as it is, or the extract may be further purified in order to obtain allergic symptom mitigating action with a small amount of intake. As a purification method, purification by a column chromatography method using an anion exchange resin or a synthetic adsorption resin, a purification by a liquid-liquid partition method using an organic solvent such as butanol, or the like is used.
In addition, since isoflavones contained in natural soybeans have a higher proportion of glycosides than aglycone, soy extract contains β-glycosidase or β-glycosidase when it is desired to increase the proportion of aglycone. Various enzyme agents or microbial cells (natto, lactic acid bacteria, gonococci, etc.) are allowed to act to decompose daidzin and genistin into daidzein and genistein, thereby obtaining an aglycon-rich fraction. From this fraction, pure daidzein and genistein can also be obtained by column chromatography or the like.
The soybean extract containing these active ingredients may be applied as it is as a fraction containing daidzein or genistein, or may be processed into a concentrated solution or a dry powder.
Metabolites of isoflavones such as equol can be obtained by a reduction reaction that chemically and enzymatically hydrogenates the soybean extract, daidzein, and genistein as a substrate (for example, International Publication No. WO00 / 49009). However, it can also be obtained by a fermentation method using an assimilating microorganism of isoflavones (for example, International Publication No. WO99 / 07392).
The active ingredient of the present invention described above has an action of suppressing the release of chemical mediators, which are causative substances that cause allergic symptoms such as histamine and leukotriene, into the body, and has an excellent allergic symptom mitigating effect. Therefore, it is useful for health food applications such as pharmaceuticals or foods for specified health use.
When the active ingredient of the present invention is applied to a drug, it can be used as an allergy symptom-reducing agent as it is as a stock solution, concentrated solution or powdered, and a pharmacologically acceptable carrier is mixed, Where appropriate, compositions in dosage unit form suitable for administration may be prepared. For example, as a dosage form suitable for oral administration, a solid preparation such as a tablet, pill, capsule or granule may be formulated according to a conventional method, and coating may be applied. Furthermore, liquid preparations such as emulsions, solutions, suspensions, and syrups may be produced according to conventional methods and used as liquid preparations.
As a form when using the active ingredient of the present invention as an additive to an edible composition such as a health food, for example, various forms suitable for beverages (liquid, powder), confectionery, processed foods, seasonings, etc. Is possible, and is not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to mix | blend and manufacture the sweetener, a seasoning, a glaze agent, an emulsifier, a coloring agent, a fragrance | flavor, a stabilizer, etc. which are normally used in order to make an edible composition.
Furthermore, polyphenols such as epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epicatechin and the like, kaempferol, quercetin and the like, which are said to be effective for allergic symptoms in the drug and edible composition of the present invention Of course, flavonoids such as myricetin and luteolin and other active ingredients can be contained to obtain a synergistic effect.
The dose of the allergic symptom alleviating agent in the present invention varies depending on the symptoms, age, body weight, etc. of the ingestion subject and the administration method, but it is usually sufficient to take 10 mg to 1000 mg per day as an active ingredient. The intake may be taken once a day or divided into a plurality of times as necessary to take the required amount.
(Example)
Examples of the present invention will be shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
<Example 1>
-As experimental materials and reagents isoflavones, genistin, daidzin, genistein and daidzein were purchased from Fujikko Co., and equol was purchased from Apin Chemicals. Calcium ionophore A23187 and LTB 4 were purchased from Sigma, and prostaglandin B2 (PGB 2 ) was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company. Tyrode buffer (pH 7.4) was prepared to be 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 1.8 mM CaCl 2 , 1.0 mM MgCl 2 , 12 mM NaHCO 3 , 0.4 mM NaH 2 PO 4 .
Preparation of rat intraperitoneal exudate cells (PEC) 0.1% D-glucose, 0.1% fish gelatin (manufactured by Sigma) and 0. 0% in the abdominal cavity of Sprague-Dawley male rats (8-9 weeks old). Tyrode buffer containing 1% bovine serum albumin was injected. After gently massaging the abdomen for 2 minutes, the abdomen was opened and Tyrode buffer containing PEC was collected. The Tyrode buffer was centrifuged at 4 ° C. and 200 G for 5 minutes, and then the supernatant was removed to obtain a cell pellet. The cell pellet was resuspended in m-ACT (150 mM NH 4 Cl, 10 mM KHCO 3 , 10 mM EDTA-2Na, pH 7.4) and kept at 4 ° C. for 5 minutes to lyse the red blood cells. Furthermore, this cell suspension was centrifuged at 4 ° C. and 200 G for 5 minutes to remove the supernatant, and resuspended in Tyrode's buffer so that the number of cells became 2 × 10 6 cells / ml. It was.
・ Measurement of LTB 4 release amount 50 μl of Tyrode's buffer containing 1 mM CaCl 2 , 5 μM calcium ionophore A23187, 1-100 μM soy isoflavone (genistin is 1-10 μM) is added to 2 × 10 6 cells PEC at 37 ° C. The reaction was incubated for 20 minutes. The reaction was stopped by adding 50 μl of an acetonitrile-methanol mixed solution (6: 5, vol / vol) containing PGB 2 (250 ng) as an internal standard, and kept at −30 ° C. for 30 minutes. The supernatant centrifuged at 10,000 G for 10 minutes at 0 ° C. was filtered through a filter, and the amount of LTB 4 in the supernatant was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. 20 μl of the sample solution was applied to an ODS-A column (150 × 6.0 mm, 5 μl, particle size 5 μm, YMC), and the mobile phase was acetonitrile: methanol: 5 mM CH 3 COONH 4 (pH 5.6) (30:25:45, vol / vol / vol) and the flow rate is 1.1 ml / mln. It was. LTB 4 and the internal standard PGB 2 were detected by absorbance at 280 nm (SPD-10AVP, Shimadzu). Advance a calibration curve from the peak area of LTB 4 of known amount, determine the LTB 4 emissions.
Results and Discussion Table 1 shows the concentration of LTB 4 released extracellularly when soybean isoflavone was added to PEC at various concentrations and stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187.
Figure 2003097037
The soy isoflavone glycosides genistin and daidzin did not affect LTB 4 release from PEC at any concentration. When genistein, which is an aglycon, was added to PEC at a final concentration of 100 μM, LTB 4 release was suppressed to 33%, and when daidzein was added, LTB 4 release was suppressed to 79%. That is, genistein had a higher inhibitory effect than daidzein.
<Example 2>
Next, when equol, which is a metabolite of soybean isoflavone, was added to PEC at a final concentration of 1 to 100 μM and stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187, equol suppressed LTB 4 release in an additive concentration-dependent manner, and at a final concentration of 100 μM, LTB 4 was suppressed. 4 release was completely suppressed (Table 2).
Figure 2003097037
The above results suggest that daidzein and genistein, which are the active ingredients of the present invention, and equol, which is a metabolite thereof, may bring about an allergic symptom-inhibiting action through an LTB 4 release-inhibiting action. In particular, the inhibitory effect of equol, a metabolite of daidzein, was much higher than daidzin, daidzein, genistin, and genistein. LTB 4 is produced by the action of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) from arachidonic acid, a cell membrane phospholipid, and the reaction by 5-LOX generates radicals in the process to produce hydroperoxide. . Although the detailed mechanism is unknown, isoflavones have been reported to have antioxidant activity including free radical scavenging activity, and the active ingredient of the present invention particularly exhibits LTB 4 release inhibitory activity through antioxidant activity. There is a possibility that. Moreover, since 5-LOX is an enzyme containing non-heme iron, there is a possibility that it may be an inhibitory action by the metal chelate action of isoflavones. From the results shown in Table 1, since the test was made to act directly on the cells of this example, no clear LTB 4 release inhibitory action was observed with respect to the glycosides daidin and genistin. Since most of the body is decomposed into aglycone and metabolites by metabolism, these are considered to have the same effect as aglycone.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a novel allergic symptom alleviating agent containing, as an active ingredient, isoflavones extracted or purified from natural soybean or the like and having few side effects can be provided. Moreover, a new effective utilization method of isoflavone which is a soybean component can be provided, which can contribute to allergy related industries and soybean related industries.

Claims (5)

イソフラボン類を有効成分とするアレルギー症状緩和剤。An allergy symptom alleviating agent containing isoflavones as active ingredients. イソフラボン類がダイゼイン、ゲニステイン、ダイジン、ゲニスチン、並びにダイジン及びゲニスチンのマロニル体及びアセチル体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種以上である請求の範囲1に記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤。The allergic symptom alleviating agent according to claim 1, wherein the isoflavones are at least one selected from the group consisting of daidzein, genistein, daidzin, genistin, and malonyl and acetylated forms of daidzin and genistin. イソフラボン類の代謝産物単独又は該代謝産物及びイソフラボン類を有効成分とするアレルギー症状緩和剤。An allergic symptom alleviating agent comprising a metabolite of isoflavones alone or the metabolite and isoflavones as active ingredients. イソフラボン類の代謝産物がエクオールである請求の範囲3に記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤。The allergy symptom alleviating agent according to claim 3, wherein the metabolite of isoflavones is equol. アレルギー症状緩和作用がケミカルメディエーターの放出抑制を起因とするものであって、ケミカルメディエーターがロイコトリエンである請求の範囲1〜4に何れか記載のアレルギー症状緩和剤。The allergic symptom alleviating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the allergic symptom alleviation action is caused by suppression of release of the chemical mediator, and the chemical mediator is leukotriene.
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