JPS6470B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing foam that effectively extinguishes petroleum and polar organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, esters, and aldehydes. Fluorine-containing surfactants and protein foam fire extinguishers have been known as fire extinguishing foams. Fire extinguishing foam based on a fluorine-containing surfactant is effective in extinguishing fires caused by nonpolar oils such as petroleum, but it is effective against fires caused by polar organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, and esters. However, the foam was extremely unstable and it was impossible to extinguish the fire. Protein foam fire extinguishers also cannot exhibit an effective extinguishing effect on fires caused by polar organic solvents, so protein foam fire extinguishers containing metal soap have been developed, but they have a service life of 2 to 3 years. However, it has shortcomings such as a decrease in foaming properties when seawater is used for dilution. The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a fire extinguishing foam that can be used both for extinguishing oil fires and polar organic solvent fires. The fire extinguishing foam for petroleum and polar organic solvents of the present invention contains (a) 10 to 90% by weight of a hydrolyzate of a long-chain alkenyl succinic anhydride having an alkenyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms or a salt thereof; (b) 1 to 10% by weight of at least two or more selected from water-soluble inorganic and organic salts of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, iron, and aluminum; (c) fluorine-containing surfactant neutralized with alkali or amine; The composition consists of 1 to 10% by weight of at least one type of agent. In the above composition, the alkenyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms refers to C ₃ H ₆ (propylene), C ₄ H ₈ (butene),
C ₅ H ₁₀ (pentene), C ₆ H ₁₂ (hexene), C ₇ H ₁₄ (heptene), C ₈ H ₁₆ (octene), C ₉ H ₁₈ (nonene),
C ₁₀ H ₂₀ (decene), C ₁₁ H ₂₂ , C ₁₂ H ₂₄ , C ₁₃ H ₂₆ ,
C ₁₄ H ₂₈ , C ₁₅ H ₃₀ , C ₁₆ H ₃₂ , C ₁₇ H ₃₄ and C ₁₈ H ₃₆ , with C ₁₂ H ₂₄ and C ₁₄ H ₂₈ being particularly preferred. Alkali metals are hydrochlorides, sulfates, carbonates, and organic acid salts of alkali metals such as potassium, sodium, and lithium, and alkaline earth metals are hydrochlorides, nitrates, and organic acid salts of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, etc. It is. Iron and aluminum salts are hydrochlorides, sulfates, nitrates, and organic acid salts. Fluorine-containing surfactants are: (1) C ₈ F ₁₇ COOH (2) C ₈ F ₁₇ SO ₃ H (3) C ₈ F ₁₇ SO ₂ N＜CH ₃ CH ₂ COOH (4)

【formula】 (Five)

[Formula] (6) C ₉ F ₁₉ COOH (7) C ₈ F ₁₇ SO ₂ N (C ₂ H ₅ ) CH ₂ COOH, where H in formulas (1) to (7) is an alkali or amine It was neutralized with. The hydrolyzate of long-chain alkenyl succinic anhydride or its salt used in this invention has been known as a dispersant for pigments, dyes, agricultural chemicals, synthetic resins, etc., but when used alone, it has poor foaming properties and When extinguishing a fire, there were problems such as poor thermal stability of the foam, so we tried to stabilize the foam by adding inorganic and organic metal salts, and then added a fluorine-containing surfactant. Therefore, the fire extinguishing effect is further enhanced. According to the composition of the fire extinguishing foam of the present invention as described above, the foaming properties of the foam are improved, and the thermal stability of the foam is also improved, resulting in excellent effectiveness in extinguishing both oil fires and polar organic solvent fires. It has the excellent characteristics as a fire extinguishing foam that it can be used effectively without forming a precipitate even when stored for a long period of time, and can be diluted with either freshwater or seawater. Next, examples of the fire extinguishing foam of this invention will be shown. Example 1

【table】 Example 2

【table】 Example 3

【table】 Example 4

【table】 Example 5

【table】 Example 6

【table】 \
CH ₂ COONa
Water 70〃
Comparative example 1 (Conventional petroleum fire extinguishing foam) Lauryl alcohol sulfate ester ammonium salt
15% by weight Lauryl alcohol sulfate triethanolamine salt 15 〃 Butyl glycol ether 15 〃 Lauryl alcohol 3 〃 Water 52 〃 Comparative example 2 (Conventional alcohol-resistant surfactant foam fire extinguisher) Lauryl dimethyl betaine 28% by weight Ethylene glycol 13 〃 Butyl alcohol 12 〃 Lauryl alcohol 5 〃 Coconut oil fatty acid aluminum soap 20 〃 Water 22 〃 Each of the extinguishing agents of Examples 1 to 6 above and Comparative Example 1,
Each of the extinguishing agents in No. 2 was tested by the following method. (1) Foamability and foam stability test The foam nozzle used in this test was
The standard foaming nozzle for synthetic surfactant foam fire extinguishing agent tests described in the above issue was used at a discharge pressure of 7.0 (Kg/cm ² ) and a discharge rate of 10 (/min). The mixing method was a premix method with a mixing ratio of 6%, and the foaming ratio and 25% water flow time were measured. The foaming ratio refers to how many times the mixed liquid foams, and is 25
% water flow time refers to the time required for the water in the foam to dehydrate and for 25% of the foam to flow down. (2) Fire extinguishing test The combustion tank has an area of 1.415m x 1.415m = 2m ² and a depth of
A 0.3 m long one was used, and 200 ml of combustion liquid was added. The extinguishing test was conducted with a preheating time of 2 minutes and a foam water spraying time of 5 minutes, and a rekindling test was conducted 15 minutes after the foam was released. The reburn test is a 15 cm x 15
Insert a rectangular tube with a height of 40 cm, remove the bubbles inside, expose the burning liquid level, and ignite. After burning for 30 seconds, remove the square cylinder and measure the burning area after 5 minutes. If the measurement result is ^900cm2 or less, it is considered good. The results are shown in the table below.

【table】

[Table] Note that in the reburning tests after extinguishing the fire in Examples 1 to 6, the surrounding foam covered the combustion surface in all cases, and no reburning occurred. As is clear from the above results, the fire extinguishing foam for petroleum and polar organic solvents of the present invention exhibits excellent foaming properties and foam stability even when diluted with fresh water and seawater, and is suitable for petroleum and polar organic solvents. All of them have excellent extinguishing ability when extinguishing organic solvent fires.
In addition, the results of the re-flame test showed that the foam quickly covered the burning surface and extinguished the fire, indicating that the foam was stable on the solvent for a long time. In particular, while conventional alcohol-resistant foam fire extinguishers cannot extinguish fires caused by isobutanol or acetone, the foam fire extinguisher of this invention has the ability to extinguish any type of solvent. Can extinguish fires caused by sexual liquids,
As a fire extinguishing foam, it has an unprecedented effect.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) 10 to 90% by weight of a hydrolyzate of a long-chain alkenyl succinic anhydride having an alkenyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms or a salt thereof; (b) water-soluble inorganic and organic (c) 1 to 10% by weight of at least two or more selected from salts of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, iron, and aluminum; (c) 1 to 10% by weight of at least one fluorine-containing surfactant neutralized with an alkali or amine; ~10% by weight, a fire extinguishing foam for petroleum and polar organic solvents, characterized by comprising the compositions (a) to (c) above.