JPS6434B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing foods, and more particularly to an electroplasmorizer for processing plant materials.

The present invention can be used in production lines for the primary processing of fruits, vegetables, and root vegetables to produce sap, pulp, or separated waste.

USSR inventor's certificate known in the prior art
An electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to No. 428737 (International Classification A23N1/00, 1972) comprises a rectangular housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening. A plate-shaped electrode with two holes housed within the housing is mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis. A narrow space is formed between the side wall of the housing and the perforated electrode, in which the liquid fluid flows under the action of gravity and collects in this space.

This prior art electroplasmic separation device does not necessarily process the plant material completely and uniformly after comminution, nor can each phase of the power supply be uniformly loaded.

From a technical point of view, the device that is closest to the electrolyte separation device of the present invention is the Soviet inventor's certificate.
This is a multi-electrode type electrical separation device according to No. 100094 (International Classification 53K1/01). This plasma separation device has a rectangular housing made of a dielectric material, and rod-shaped electrodes are arranged evenly on the top and bottom walls of the housing so as to be at the same height as the wall surfaces, and the electrodes are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the housing. It forms a right angle to. The housing has an inlet opening for introducing the vegetable pulp and an outlet opening for discharging the material after electrical processing.

Such equipment allows each phase of the power supply to be uniformly loaded, the current density across the electrodes to be uniform, and the electrical separation process to proceed without overheating the product to be processed. do.

Since no pulp extrusion means are provided in the device, the mass of raw material moves through the inclined grooves of the electrodes under the action of gravity. Therefore, the plant material moves in the groove of the electrode in a pulsating manner, but since the contact surface of the electrode formed along the generatrix of the round rod is narrow, the pulverized mass of material can be processed reliably and uniformly. Therefore, the yield of sap is low. moreover,
Since the advancing speed of the raw material mass is determined by the inclination angle of the housing of the electroplasmic separation device, the advancing speed does not correspond to the current density at both ends of the electrode.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electroplasmic separation device that can reliably and uniformly electrically process pulverized plant materials, improve the cell permeability of the plant materials, and increase the yield of sap. It's about doing.

According to the invention, there is provided an electroplasmic processing device for processing plant material, comprising a housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening and accommodating an electrode connected to a power source, the device comprising: The aforementioned purpose is achieved by arranging that electrodes having flat surfaces in contact with the is achieved.

One electrode with a flat surface in contact with the plant material to be processed is provided on two opposite walls of the housing over its entire width, with a flat contact surface of the same shape and an inlet opening of the housing. The other electrode, which has a chamfered end on the side, is placed between the two electrodes, which are provided over the entire width of the walls of the housing mentioned above, and one electrode from the other on the other two walls of the housing. From 0.2 times the width of
A gap is formed between the end faces of the electrodes of the same shape, which are spaced apart by a distance equal to 0.4 times, and the width of this gap is 1 of the width of one of the electrodes provided over the entire width of the wall surface of the housing. It is convenient to equal /5 to 2/5.

Square electrodes with flat surfaces in contact with the plant material to be processed are arranged on three walls of the housing, other electrodes with flat contact surfaces of the same shape are placed on the fourth wall, and one square electrode on the other. It is also possible to chamfer the ends on the inlet opening side of the housing of identically shaped electrodes spaced apart by a distance equal to 1/5 to 2/5 of the width.

Let d be the width of the wall to which electrodes of the same shape are attached, let △ be the distance between electrodes of the same shape, let the total number of electrodes be N, let the voltage of the power supply be V, and let Emin be the minimum value of the electric field strength. And when the maximum value is Emax, the distance between the electrodes is expressed by the inequality EminV/△
It is convenient to select based on the relationship d/Δ=N-2 under the condition that Emax is satisfied.

Further, the width of the wall surface on which the electrodes of the same shape are attached is d, the distance between the electrodes of the same shape is △, the total number of electrodes is N, the voltage of the power supply is V,
The minimum value of the electric field strength is Emin, and the maximum value is
When Emax is defined as the distance between the electrodes, the inequality
d/ under conditions satisfying EminV/△Emax
It is desirable to select based on the relationship Δ=N-1.

The ends of the identically shaped electrodes are located at a distance of 30° to the longitudinal axis of the housing on the side of the inlet opening of the housing.
Conveniently, the outlet opening of the housing is beveled at an angle of 60° to 60° and is provided with a regulating valve.

Electrodes with a flat surface in contact with the plant material to be processed are arranged evenly over the inner surface of a housing having a movable casing and comprising at least three parts, the cross-sectional area of these parts increasing successively. a number of electrodes with flat contact surfaces provided in each of the three parts of the housing are arranged on two opposite walls of the housing at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the housing; The number of electrodes is divisible by 3, and the electrodes with other flat contact surfaces provided on each of the three parts of the housing are parallel to the other two walls of the housing, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing. and the number of these electrodes can be a number divisible by three. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide two rows of jet injectors between the electrodes located in the two parts with the smaller cross-sectional area.

Jet injectors can be connected to different phases of the power supply. Jet injector 17
A liquid is injected into the shavings through the swarf to moisten the shavings. The injected liquid brings the plant material into better contact with the electrode. The jet injector also contributes to generating a continuous flow of plant material and performs the function of a supplementary electrode.

Sector-shaped electrodes with flat surfaces in contact with the plant material to be processed are placed 120 mm apart from each other on the inner surface of the housing.
The other electrodes with flat contact surfaces are mounted equidistantly between the sector-shaped electrodes and at an angle of 120 degrees to each other, and the housing has a cylindrical shape. and the ends of the electrodes on the inlet and outlet opening sides of the housing are beveled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the width of the gap between the end faces of the electrodes with flat contact surfaces is sector-shaped and the ends of the electrodes have flat contact surfaces. Conveniently, it is equal to the distance between the electrodes.

When such an electroplasmic separation device is used to primarily process apples to produce apple juice, the cytoplasm of cells is destroyed to the maximum extent possible. Since the raw material is mechanically crushed, the cells are not damaged in any way. Furthermore, the efficiency of the batch-operated crushing equipment is improved and the yield of apple juice is increased by up to 5%. When processing black berries and tomatoes picked by machines, the yield of youth can be increased by up to 10%.

If the yield of juice increases, the water content in the apple pomace will be reduced, so drying the pomace will require 90% less fuel and speed up the drying process. In the electroplasmic separator, the plant pulp is processed in a very short time, so that the sugars, acids and vitamins contained in the original raw material are hardly lost even when the pulp is reused.

Grape pulp and sugar beet shavings are more effectively treated electrically. In the traditional method, Isabella grapes are pretreated with fermentation material or heat treated for 12 to 48 hours after pressing, after which the grape juice is drained. This method is labor intensive, requires the use of a large number of containers, and requires a large working space.
In contrast, when grapes are treated electrically, the grape juice yield in terms of weight can be increased by up to 6% and the grape juice extraction process can be carried out continuously.

By electrically processing sugar beet shavings, the amount of sap diffused is increased, thermal energy consumption is reduced, and sucrose yield is increased by 5%.

The electroplasmic separation device of the present invention does not require constant monitoring and is reliable in operation. Electricity consumption is less than 2kW/h per ton of plant material.

The small overall size of both the electroplasmic separator for fruit processing and its power supply allows it to be easily transported by air over considerable distances.

Reference will now be made to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. The rectangular housing 1 of the electroplasmic separation device of the invention is made of dielectric material and has an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3. Inside the housing 1, several electrodes 4 and a plurality of other electrodes 5 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1, and these electrodes are arranged on a flat surface (not shown in the figure) in contact with the plant material to be processed. (not shown)
has. Two electrodes 4 are attached to a wall surface 6 over its entire width, and electrodes 5 of the same shape are attached to two other opposing wall surfaces 7.

The minimum value of the electric field strength is Emin, the maximum value of the electric field strength is Emax, the width of the wall surface 7 to which the electrodes 5 are attached is d, the distance between the electrodes 5 is △,
When the total number of electrodes 4 and 5 is N and the voltage is V, the electrode 5 will be
They are uniformly arranged inside the housing 1 of the electroplasmic separation device.

The V/Δ ratio indicates a characteristic value of electric field strength. Therefore, it is observed that when this value is below 50 V/cm, the time required to electrically process the plant material becomes very long. On the other hand, 400V/cm
Values in excess of 0.055 can only be obtained with special transformer means to increase the voltage applied to the electroseparator.

The minimum electric field strength for flow treatment of plant material is Emin=50V/cm. The maximum electric field strength Emax = 400 V/cm can be obtained from the commercial frequency AC power supply without using any transformation means.

Decreasing the distance between the electrodes 5 to a value below 20 mm results in vegetable chunks being deposited between the electrodes 5. Moreover, if this distance Δ exceeds 40 mm, the electric field must be made stronger. The only way to increase the electric field is to use special transformer means that increase the voltage applied to the electroplasma separator.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the housing 1 of the electroplasma separation device. The end 9 on the side of the inlet opening 2 of the electrode 5, which is attached to two opposite walls 7 and forming a gap 8, is at an angle of 30 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1.
It is chamfered to form an angle of 60 degrees. If the angle of the chamfer of the chamfered end portion 9 is less than 30 degrees, foreign matter such as particles of leaves and stems will remain attached to the end surface of the electrode 5. Also, the chamfer angle is 60
If the temperature is exceeded, the surface area of the electrode 5 of the electroplasmic separation device will decrease rapidly. The width of the gap 8 between the two rows of electrodes 5 is from 0.2 times the width of one of the electrodes 4.
Equal to 0.4 times. Since the outlet opening 3 is provided with a regulating valve 10 having a spring 11, the delivery pressure is ensured and the pulp (not shown) and the electrodes 4, 5 are
and are kept in good contact.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the electroplasmic separation device together with a connection circuit diagram of the electrodes 4 and 5. Housing 1
Electrodes 4 are attached to one wall surface 6, and two rows of electrodes 5 having the same shape are arranged on the other two opposing wall surfaces 7. In the center of the housing 1 between the rows of electrodes 5 a gap 8 is formed which is equal to 1/5 to 2/5 of the width of one of the electrodes 4. Each of the opposing electrodes 5 is
Since they are connected to different phases A, B and C of the AC power supply 12, the plant material is electrically processed between the opposite end faces of the electrodes 5. If the gap 8 between the electrodes 5 is narrower than 1/5 of the width of the electrodes 4, the mass of plant material will be electrically crushed, resulting in uneven processing. Furthermore, if the width of the gap 8 is wider than 2/5 of the width of the electrode 4, the electrical treatment of plants will be incomplete.

One of the electrodes 4 is connected to phase A, the first row of adjacent electrodes 5 are connected to phases B and C, the second row is connected to phases A and C, and the third row is connected to phases A and B. The fourth column is connected to phases B and C, the fifth column is connected to phases A and C, and the other electrode 4 is connected to phase B. In this way, electrodes 4 and 5 are equally connected to all three phases A, B and C.

From the above, the electrode 4 of the electroplasmic separation device
The numbers of and 5 are selected to be divisible by 3. Each pair of adjacent electrodes 5 is connected to a different phase A, B, C. Accordingly, twelve electrodes 4, 5 are shown in FIG. 3, ten of which are electrodes 5.

FIG. 4 shows an electroplasmic separation device in which only one row of electrodes 5 is provided (side view). Housing 1
has an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3 with a regulating valve 10 and a spring 11.

On opposite walls 6 of the housing 1 and on one of the walls 7 a square electrode 4 having a flat contact surface is provided. The electrode 5 is mounted on the other wall 7, the end 9 of the electrode 5 on the side of the inlet opening 2 being beveled at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1. By chamfering the ends 9 of the electrodes 5, it is possible to prevent fibrous foreign matter from accumulating on the side end surfaces of these electrodes 5, and also to reduce the gap formed between the row of electrodes 5 and the square electrodes 4. It becomes easier to send such foreign matter into the 8. The width of this gap 8 is 0.2 times the width of the square electrode 4.
Equal to 0.4 times.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an electroplasma separation device in which a row of electrodes 5 is attached to the wall surface 7b.
In this configuration, a gap 8 is formed between the end face of the electrode 5 and the square electrode 4, and the width of the gap 8 is equal to 1/5 to 2/5 of the width of the square electrode 4. The electrode 4 has a square shape and is arranged in contact with three wall surfaces 6a, 7a, and 6b.

The width of the wall surface on which the electrodes 5 are attached is d, the distance between the electrodes 5 is △, the total number of electrodes 4 and 5 is N, the voltage of the power source 12 is V, Emin = 50V/cm
and Emax=400V/cm, electrode 5
are uniformly arranged inside the housing 1 of the electroplasmic separation device based on the relationship d/Δ=N-1 under the condition that the inequality EminV/ΔEmax is satisfied.

After being crushed, the plant material is continuously sent from the press to the housing 1 of the electroplasmic separator,
Processing occurs between electrodes 4 and 5 and within gap 8.

According to the connection diagram, the power supplies 4 and 5 are connected in three phases. Adjacent electrodes 5 are connected alternately to phase A and phase C of power supply 12, and square electrode 4 is connected to phase B. If you connect like this,
Adjacent electrodes 4 and 5 each form a pair of power sources 1 and 5.
Because they are connected to two different phases A, B, C, the plant material can be treated uniformly and more completely between the electrodes 4 and 5. As in the case of the electroplasmic separator shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, there must be no deviations in the chamfer angle of the end 9 of the electrode 5 and the specific values of the gap 8.

FIG. 6 has an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3 and has at least three parts 13, 14 and 15.
1 is an overall view of an electroplasma separation device comprising a rectangular housing 1 including a movable casing 16 and a movable casing 16; FIG.

On the wall 6 of each of the sections 13, 14 and 15 an electrode 4 is disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1 of the electroplasma separator, and on the wall 7 an electrode 4 is disposed along the longitudinal axis of the housing 1. Electrodes 5 are arranged parallel to the axis. Electrodes 4 and 5 have flat surfaces in contact with the plant material to be treated. The cross-sectional area of portion 14 is larger than that of portion 13, and the cross-sectional area of portion 15 is even larger than that of portion 14. The reason why the cross-sectional area of the electroplasma separator gradually increases toward the bottom is to prevent the electrodes from becoming entangled, easily forming clumps, or becoming clogged in the narrow passage between the electrodes. This is to create conditions for feeding pulverized plant material in the form of shavings without any hindrance.

When the shavings are discharged from the housing 1 of the electroplasma separator through the outlet opening 3, they spread into the wide hopper of a diffuser (not shown). In order to adjust the extent of the surface over which this shavings spread, a movable casing 16 is used, the movable casing 16 being displaced along the longitudinal axis of the part 15.

Furthermore, two rows of jet injectors 17 are arranged between the electrodes 5 on the wall 7 of the parts 13 and 14 of the electroplasmic separator. The jet injector 17 injects liquid into the shavings in order to bring the plant material into better contact with the electrodes 4 and 5. The number of electrodes 4, 5 provided in each of the portions 13, 14, 15 is divisible by three.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the electroplasmic separation device together with a connection circuit diagram of the electrodes 4 and 5. Assuming that the number of electrodes 4 and 5 is divisible by 3, electrodes 4 and 5 are connected alternately to the three phases A, B, and C of power supply 12, so that the loads on these phases are uniform. .

Part 1 of the housing 1 of the electroplasma separation device
3, 14, 15, the pair of electrodes 4 and 5 disposed on the wall surfaces 6 and 7, and the electrodes 5 disposed on the opposing wall surface 7, which are adjacent to each other, are connected to different phases A, B, Connected to C. The electrodes 5 on the wall 7 and the jet injector 17 (FIG. 6) are likewise connected to the different phases A, B and C of the power supply 12 (FIG. 7).

The movable casing 16 (Fig. 6) is the housing 1
along the longitudinal axis of the section 15 and is fixed in that position once it has been adjusted to the required height.

According to the circuit diagram in FIG. 7, electrodes 4 and 5 are
connected to two phases. Electrodes 5 with flat contact surfaces are arranged on opposite walls 7 of the housing 1 . The electrodes (bottom row) 5 are arranged so that when the drawing is viewed from left to right, the first electrode 5 is connected to phase A, the second electrode 5 is connected to phase B, and the third electrode 5 is connected to phase B. The fourth electrode 5 is connected to phase A, and the fourth electrode 5 is connected to phase A. Electrode 5 (upper row) is
such that the first electrode 5 is connected to phase C, the second electrode 5 is connected to phase A, the third electrode 5 is connected to phase B, and the fourth electrode 5 is connected to phase C. connected sequentially. Opposing electrodes 4 arranged on the wall surface 6 are similarly connected to different phases. For example, the left electrode 4 is connected to phase B, and the right electrode 4 is connected to phase A. In this way, electrodes 4 and 5 are equally connected to all three phases A, B and C. Jet injector 17 (6th
) are similarly connected alternately to different phases A, B, and C.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electroplasma separation device having a cylindrical housing 1. FIG.

The electroplasma separation device includes a dielectric housing 1 with an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3. Three sector-shaped electrodes 4 are arranged on the inner surface of the housing 1, and between the electrodes 4 there are provided three electrodes 5 having flat contact surfaces equidistant from each other. Electrode 5
The length of is equal to the length of the fan-shaped electrode 4. In this configuration, the ends 9 of the electrodes 4 and 5 are chamfered at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1, serving to reduce the hydraulic resistance to pulp movement. It forms a tapered part.

Connecting pipes 18 and 1 are connected to the inlet opening 2 and the outlet opening 3 of the housing 1 of the electroplasma separator.
9 is provided. The connecting pipes 18 and 19 are connected to the housing 1 by means of flange joints 20 and 21. Flange joints 20 and 21 are grounded. Connecting pipes 18 and 19 are for connecting the electroplasma separator to the pulp pump by means of flexible hoses. or by providing a welded joint in a portion of the metal pulp feed conduit between the pump and the press (not shown);
An electroplasmic separation device may be installed directly within this conduit.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of an electroplasmic separation device with a cylindrical housing 1 together with a connection circuit diagram of the electrodes 4 and 5 when the power source 12 is three-phase.

Sector-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 are arranged on the inner surface of the housing 1 of the electroplasma separator at equal intervals from each other.
They are arranged at a 120 degree angle. The width 8 of the gap between the edges of the electrodes 5 is equal to or smaller than the distance between the electrodes 5 and the sector-shaped electrodes 4. A flange 21 is attached to the housing 1.

According to the connection circuit diagram of the electrodes 4 and 5, the electrode 5 with a flat contact surface and the sector-shaped electrode 4 are 3
connected to two phases alternately. For example, the electrode 5 with a flat contact surface (top center) is connected to phase B, the sector-shaped electrode 4 placed next to this electrode 5 looking clockwise is connected to phase A, and the next electrode 5
is connected to phase C, the next sector electrode 4 is connected to phase B, and the next electrode 5 is connected to phase A. In this way, the six electrodes 4, 5 correspond to the three phases A,
Connected to all B and C equally.

The electroplasmic separation device according to the present invention operates as follows.

For example, the ground plant material in a disc press (not shown) is passed through the inlet opening 2 to the housing 1 of the electroplasmic separator (Figs. 1, 2, 3).
), and furthermore, the opposing walls 6 and 7
is supplied to electrodes 4 and 5 which are mounted at equal intervals from each other. During this time, the electrode 4 is connected to the three-phase AC power source 12.
A voltage is applied to and 5, and the continuously moving vegetable pulp is treated with an electric current. The electric current acts simultaneously on all of the plant cells left intact after mechanical grinding of the plant material. The translational oscillations of the ions cause proteins to aggregate within the cytoplasm, forming protoplasmic bundles and creating channels for the drainage of cell sap.

The foreign matter carried by the plant material moves beyond the chamfered end 9 of the electrode 5 and the two rows of electrodes 5
Through the gap 8 formed between them, the electrically treated pulp is delivered to the outlet opening 3 of the housing 1 and reaches the regulating valve 10. The opening angle of the regulating valve 10 is adjusted by a spring 11. Regulating valve 1
0 serves to help spread the pulp delivery pressure inside the housing 1 to avoid the formation of voids within the pulp and to ensure good contact between the pulp and the electrodes 4 and 5. .

Paired electrodes 5 and 4 as well as adjacent electrodes 5 are connected to different phases A, B, C, which allows a more complete and uniform treatment of the pulp and also increases the yield of sap. increase

The voltage of the power supply 12 applied to the electrodes 4 and 5 is adjusted depending on the type of raw material to be treated.
For example, summer apples are processed at low voltages, while fall apples are processed at higher voltages. By doing so, the efficiency of the electroplasma separation device is increased.

The process of plasma separation is similar in the electroplasmic separation apparatus (FIGS. 4 and 5) in which the arrangement of the electrodes 4, 5 in the housing 1 is somewhat different.

The raw material crushed by the disc press is sent to the housing 1 via the inlet opening 2. The pulp is distributed between square electrodes 4 and identically shaped electrodes 5 provided on the walls 6 and 7 of the housing 1. During this time, a voltage is applied from the power source 12 to the electrodes 4 and 5. The pulp is in contact with electrodes 4 and 5 and is subjected to the action of an electric current. As a result, the cell permeability of the pulp is increased and the yield of juice during compression is increased.

If it is possible that fibrous foreign matter may be introduced together with the raw material and adhere to the end face of the electrode 5, a chamfered end provided on the side of the inlet opening 2 of the electrode 5 is used. As the pulp moves, the foreign matter slides over the chamfered end 9 of the electrode 5 and falls into the gap 8 until it reaches the outlet opening 3. Therefore, the pulp to be treated between the electrodes 4 and 5 can be moved without any problem. The pulp delivery pressure inside the housing 1 is ensured by a regulating valve 10 equipped with a spring 11. During processing the pulp is compressed and a reliable electrical contact is obtained between the pulp and the electrodes 4 and 5. Therefore, effective electrical processing of the pulp can be reliably performed, and the yield of liquid juice can be increased. The magnitude of the pulp delivery pressure is determined by the spring 11.
Adjusted by.

The electrode 5 and the square electrode 4 have different phases A,
Since it is connected to B and C, all electrodes 4,
5 operate simultaneously, and the process of plasma separation of raw materials flows continuously. The electrodes 5 in the housing 1 are in contact with the plant material with a large contact surface without restricting the flow of the plant material to be treated. Therefore, the electroplasmic separation apparatus of the present invention operates efficiently and reliably.

In the case of an electroseparator (FIGS. 6 and 7), in which the housing 1 comprises three parts 13, 14, 15, the operation is slightly different. The raw material ground into shavings is conveyed to the housing 1 via the inlet opening 2 of the part 13. The shavings are in three parts13,
14 and 15 all fill the interior space of housing 1 and are delivered between electrodes 4 and 5 attached to walls 6 and 7. Next, the shavings fall due to gravity to the movable casing 16.
fill the inside. The movable casing 16 assists in the process of distributing swarf into the hopper of a diffuser (not shown) located in the production line.

Since the parts 13, 14 and 15 constituting the housing 1 are arranged so that their cross-sectional areas become larger in sequence, the shavings can move inside the housing 1 without any problem. Furthermore, the jet injector 1
7 serves to make the flow continuous and liquid is injected via jet injector 17 to moisten the swarf. During this time, electrodes 4 and 5
An alternating current voltage is applied to the plant material and the jet injector 17, and as a result, the cytoplasm within the cells of the plant material is destroyed. Therefore, it becomes easy to diffuse water at low temperatures, and it is possible to considerably suppress the mixing of non-sugars into the liquid juice.

Since the parts of the housing 1 are configured to become wider in sequence, the electroplasma separation apparatus can be installed at an angle of up to 45 degrees with respect to the vertical.
Therefore, the position of the manufacturing device can be changed, so that the device of the invention may be used in somewhat different manufacturing lines.

Adjacent electrodes 4 and 5 of sections 13, 14, 15 and opposing jet injectors 17 are connected to different phases A, B, C of power supply 12.
Furthermore, the electrode 5 and the jet injector 17 disposed on the same side also have different phases A, B,
Connected to C. The movable casing 16 is reliably grounded. As a result, the process of electrolytic separation of sugar beet shavings takes place in a continuous flow. The electroplasmic separator of the present invention is installed above the hopper of the diffuser and adjusts the delivery pressure of sugar beets in the hopper. Furthermore, electroplasmic separation devices have the advantage of significantly increasing cell permeability, lowering the sap diffusion temperature and improving the sap quality.

An electroplasmic separation device (FIGS. 8 and 9) having a cylindrical housing 1 is used in combination with a pulp pump (not shown). The pulverized plant material, such as pulp, is conveyed by means of a pump to the housing 1 through the inlet opening of a connecting pipe 18, which is connected to the housing 1 of the electroplasma separator by a flange fitting 20. The pulp is connected to the fan-shaped electrode 4
and around the chamfered end 9 of the electrode 5 to be evenly distributed between the electrodes 4,5. During this time, an alternating current voltage is applied from the power source 12 to the electrodes 4 and 5, and the continuously moving pulp undergoes electrical treatment. The pulp after characterization is discharged from the housing 1 under the effect of pressure via the outlet opening 3 of the connecting pipe 19 with a flange fitting 21;
It is sent via a pipeline to a drain or compressor (not shown). Since the pulp is processed in a sealed characterization chamber that does not allow atmospheric oxygen to enter, the plant material does not adhere to the electrodes 4, 5 and oxidation does not occur.

The number of electrodes 4 and 5 of the electroplasmic separator is 3.
It is a number that is divisible by
connected to three phases A, B, and C. Therefore, the pulp can be electrotreated directly in the stream and within a short period of time. The arrangement of the electrodes 5 between the sector-shaped electrodes 4 provides a large flow area within the housing 1 of the electroplasma separation device. the result,
The surface in contact with the plant material to be treated can be extended, increasing the capacity of the device. By electrically processing the raw material, the permeability of the cell tissue is improved and the yield of sap obtained from the cells is increased.

In the electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials of the present invention, the electrodes 4 and 5 are connected to the housing 1.
are rationally arranged on the inner surface of the Therefore, unless electrical processing is performed, a sufficient amount of liquid juice,
More complete processing of fruits, vegetables and root crops where other nutrients are not available and the pomace contains too much water and requires a large amount of liquid fuel to dry the pomace. I can do it. By using the electroplasmic separator of the present invention, fruit and vegetable juice yields can be increased by 5% to 10% with minimal power losses. The electroplasmic separator comprises a number of electrodes 4, 5 divisible by three, connected to a power supply 12 having three phases A, B and C.

The electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to the present invention has a small size and simple configuration, and is easy to manufacture. Furthermore, this device can be easily incorporated into a product manufacturing line and can ensure stable operation. Therefore, with this device, plant materials can be supplied and processed without any problems, greatly improving production efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a general view of an electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to the invention, having a rectangular housing with two rows of identically shaped electrodes;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an electrolytic separation device according to the invention with a regulating valve at the outlet opening of the housing; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma separation device and a circuit diagram of the connection between the electrodes and the power supply; FIG. 5 is a side view of an electroplasmic separator for processing plant materials according to the present invention, taken along line V-V in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an electroplasma separation device according to the invention and a connection circuit diagram between electrodes and a power source, according to the present invention, FIG. General diagram of an electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to the invention,
FIG. 7 shows a cross-section of the electroplasma separation device according to the invention and the connection circuit between the electrodes and the power source along the line of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 shows the cylindrical housing; FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electroplasmic separation device according to the invention, having a cross-section of the electroplasmic separation device according to the invention along the line of FIG. It is a diagram showing a connection circuit. (Symbols in the figure), 1... Housing, 2... Inlet opening, 3... Outlet opening, 4, 5... Electrode, 6, 7
... Wall surface, 8 ... Gap, 9 ... End of electrode, 10
...Adjusting valve, 11... Spring, 12... Power supply, 1
3, 14, 15... housing part, 16...
Movable casing, 17... Jet injector, 18, 19... Connection pipe, 20, 21...
flange fitting.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. An electroplasmic separation device for the processing of plant materials, comprising a housing 1 having an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3 and accommodating electrodes 4, 5 connected to a power source 12, comprising: Electrodes 4, 5 with flat surfaces in contact with the plant material to be treated are located in the housing 1.
An electric power source for processing plant raw materials, characterized in that the adjacent electrodes 4, 5 in each individual electrode pair are connected to different phases A, B, C of a power source 12. Trait separation device. 2 One electrode 4, which has a flat surface in contact with the plant material to be processed, is provided over the entire width of the housing 1 in contact with two opposing wall surfaces 6a, 6b, and has a flat surface of the same shape. The other electrode 5, which has a contact surface and is chamfered at the end on the side of the inlet opening 2 of the housing 1, is connected to the electrode 4.
The other two walls 7a, 7 of the housing 1 between
b, are spaced apart from each other by a distance (Δ) equal to 0.2 to 0.4 times the width of one electrode 4, and a gap 8 is formed between the end surfaces of the electrodes 5, and the width of the gap is equal to the width of one electrode 4. 4. The electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the width is equal to 0.2 to 0.4 times the width of 4. 3. one electrode 4 with a flat surface in contact with the plant material to be processed has a square shape;
Arranged in contact with three wall surfaces 6a, 7a, 6b,
A plurality of electrodes 5 with flat contact surfaces of the same shape
The electrodes 5 on the inlet opening 2 side of the housing 1 are spaced apart from each other by a distance (Δ) equal to 0.2 to 0.4 times the width of the electrode 4 and are arranged in contact with the fourth wall surface 7b.
2. The electroplasmic separation device for processing plant raw materials according to claim 1, wherein the end portion 9 of the device is chamfered. 4 The width of the wall surfaces 7a and 7b to which the electrodes 5 are attached is d, the distance between the electrodes 5 is Δ, and the electrodes 4 and 5
The distance (Δ) between the electrodes 5 is determined by the inequality The electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to claim 2, which is selected based on the relationship d/Δ=N−2 under conditions satisfying EminV/ΔEmax. . 5 The minimum value of the electric field strength is Emin, the maximum value of the electric field strength is Emax, the width of the wall surface 7b to which the electrode 5 is attached is d, the distance between the electrodes 5 is Δ, and the electrodes 4, 5 are When the total number of electrodes is N and the voltage of the power supply 12 is V, the distance (Δ) between the electrodes 5 is selected based on the relationship d/Δ=N-1 under the condition that the inequality EminV/ΔEmax is satisfied. 4. An electroplasmic separation apparatus for processing plant raw materials according to claim 3. 6 The end 9 of the electrode 5 is connected to the inlet opening 2 of the housing 1.
Claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the housing 1 is chamfered at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis, and the outlet opening 3 of the housing 1 is provided with a regulating valve 10. An electroplasmic separation device for processing plant materials according to any one of Item 5. 7. The electrode 4, which has a flat surface in contact with the plant material to be processed, is shaped like a sector and is connected to the housing 1.
The electrodes 5 having flat contact surfaces, which are evenly spaced at an angle of 120 degrees to each other on the inner surface of the housing 1, are mounted between the electrodes 4 at equal intervals at an angle of 120 degrees to each other, and the housing 1 is cylindrical. has the shape of a shape,
The side of the inlet opening 2 and the outlet opening 3 of the housing 1
The ends 9 of the electrodes 4, 5 on the side of the housing 1 are chamfered with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1, and the width of the gap 8 between the end faces of the electrodes 5 with a flat contact surface is such that the width of the gap 8 between the end faces of the electrodes 4, 5 with a sector-shaped electrode 4 and with a flat contact surface is The electroplasmic separation device for processing plant raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the electrode and the electrode is equal to the distance between the two electrodes.