JPS642273B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a video tape recorder (hereinafter referred to as
The present invention relates to a recording and reproducing method for stably reproducing the seams of screens recorded on a VTR (VTR, etc.).

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a conventional fixed head VTR. In the figure, 1 is a supply reel, 2 is a take-up reel, 3 and 4 are a capstan and a pinch roller as recording medium transport means for running the tape 11, which is a recording medium, from the supply reel 1 to the take-up reel 2, and 5 1 is a video head serving as an information recording/reproducing means for recording information on the tape 11 and reproducing the recorded information; 6 is a switch circuit for switching between recording and reproduction; 7 is a television camera; 8 is a recording signal circuit; 9 is a reproduction signal circuit, 12
is an output terminal of the reproduction signal circuit 9, and 10 is a television receiver.

Next, when this VTR is used to record two scenes (also called cuts), the operation is as follows.

a Tape running begins.

b The tape reaches constant speed and begins recording in the first case.

c Recording ends and the tape begins to slow down.

d The tape stops.

e Tape running begins again.

f The tape reaches constant speed and begins recording the second scene.

g Recording ends and the tape begins to slow down.

h The tape stops.

FIG. 2 shows a reproduction signal when a tape on which such recording has been performed is run continuously during reproduction. Here, 13 is a vertical synchronization signal. In the reproduced signal of FIG. 2, a normal video signal 14 is reproduced between b and c and between f and g of the above operation. However, between c and f, the tape speed was not normal during recording, so the image could not be reproduced correctly. In the television receiver 10, the vertical deflection system is synchronized with the video signal 14 in the period up to point c, but becomes free-running between c and f, and when the reproduced signal appears again at point f, the There is no fixed relationship between the phase of the vertical synchronization signal and the phase of the vertical deflection system, and it takes several seconds from point f until the television receiver 10 is synchronized. Vertical blanking appears, making it difficult to see.

This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional device as described above, and it controls the rotation of the capstan to match the video signal to be recorded during recording, and synchronizes the rotation of the capstan during playback. , and generates a pseudo vertical synchronization signal that is in phase with the vertical synchronization signal included in the reproduced signal, and uses this synchronization signal to complement the signal gap between two scenes, thereby eliminating vertical synchronization disturbance at the joint between scenes. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recording and reproducing method that solves this problem.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Figure 3 shows the configuration of a VTR to which this invention is applied; in the figure, 1 to 12 are the same as in Figure 1, 15 is a capstan, and the rotation speed in steady state is N rotations per second. . 16 and 17 are capstan motors and disks connected to the capstan 15 with a common rotation axis; 18 is a disk 17;
A plurality of holes are provided at positions away from the central axis of the lamp. The light beam of 19 is the light receiving element 2
Reach 0. Further, 21 is a shaping circuit that shapes the waveform of the output of the light receiving element 20, and its output A becomes a pulse signal as shown in FIG. 4A, and the signal A
The frequency is proportional to the rotation speed of the capstan 15. Hereinafter, this signal A will also be referred to as a capstan rotation detection signal.

22 is n whose counting input is the rotation detection signal A.
It is a forward counter, and one pulse appears at output B for every n pulses of signal A counted. In other words, as shown in FIG. 4B, the output signal B of the counter 22 is a signal obtained by dividing the rotation detection signal A by 1/n, and every time the capstan motor 16 is rotated by a certain amount (the tape 11 is (each time you drive a distance)
A pulse appears at output B. Disk 1 explained above
7, the hole 18, the lamp 19, the light receiving element 20, the shaping circuit 21, and the n-ary counter 22.
A synchronizing signal generating means for generating a synchronizing signal B in synchronization with the motion of No. 5 is constructed.

24 is the video signal output C of the television camera 7
This is a vertical synchronization signal separation circuit that separates and extracts the vertical synchronization signal from. As shown in FIG. 4C, during the operation of the television camera 7, the video signal C contains a vertical synchronization signal 13 of a constant period generated based on the reference oscillator of the camera 7, and the above-mentioned separation circuit 24 separates this vertical synchronizing signal 13 and outputs it as D in the same figure.
An output signal D (this is called a separated vertical synchronization signal) shown in FIG.

23 is a motor control circuit that controls the capstan motor 16. When the power switch 35 is turned on, an operating voltage is applied from the power supply 34 to operate the motor control circuit. Based on the rotation detection signal A during playback, the capstan motor 16 is rotated at N per second.
It is driven at a rotation speed of 100 times.

FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the motor control circuit 23. In FIG. 6, 61 is a frequency-voltage conversion circuit, 62 is a phase comparison circuit, 63 is a motor drive circuit, and 64 is a phase synchronization determination circuit. The rotation detection signal A from the shaping circuit 21 is converted into a voltage signal corresponding to the frequency by a frequency-voltage conversion circuit 61, and is inputted to a motor drive circuit 63 as a speed signal. Further, the phase of the synchronization signal B from the n-ary counter 22 and the vertical synchronization signal D from the separation circuit 24 is compared in a phase comparison circuit 62, and a voltage signal corresponding to the phase difference between the two signals is output from the phase comparison circuit 62. and is input to the motor drive circuit 63 as a phase difference signal. The motor drive circuit 63 outputs the output terminal 3 according to the speed signal and the phase difference signal.
The speed of the capstan motor 16 is controlled by variable control of the drive signal from 1, and finally the rotation speed of the capstan motor 16 becomes N, and the phase difference is zero (that is, the phase of the synchronization signal B is the vertical synchronization signal D
) is stable. The phase difference signal is also input to the phase synchronization determination circuit 64, which detects a stable state in which the phase difference between the two signals B and D becomes zero, and outputs "" to the output terminal 32 in the stable state. It outputs a "1" signal, and outputs a "0" signal in an unstable state. Note that the separation circuit 24
The vertical synchronization signal D is output from camera 7.
During recording when the phase difference signal D operates, this vertical synchronizing signal D is not generated during playback, and therefore, the phase difference signal from the phase comparison circuit 62 is also not generated, and the above-mentioned control based on this phase difference signal is not performed. do not have. Therefore, during reproduction, the capstan motor 16 is stabilized at the rotation speed N by control based only on the speed signal from the frequency-voltage conversion circuit 61. As is clear from the above, the motor control circuit 23, the vertical synchronization signal separation circuit 24, the system for generating the synchronization signal B, etc. constitute a transport means synchronization means for synchronizing the running of the tape 11 with the video signal C during recording. Ru.

Further, in FIG. 3, as mentioned above, when the phase difference between the vertical synchronization signal D and the synchronization signal B becomes zero and a "1" signal is output from the output terminal 32 of the motor control circuit 23, the switch is activated. The circuit 33 is turned on, and at this point power is supplied to the recording signal circuit 8. The recording signal circuit 8 is a circuit that performs FM modulation on the output C of the television camera 7 during recording, and applies the modulated signal E to the video head 5 via the switch circuit 6.

The reproduction signal circuit 9 is a circuit that performs FM demodulation on the reproduction signal F obtained from the video head 5 during reproduction, and outputs the demodulated signal G to the terminal 12.

27 is a vertical synchronization signal separation circuit, which extracts and separates the vertical synchronization signal contained in the reproduction signal G from the reproduction signal circuit 9. The vertical synchronization signal H detected by this separation circuit 27 becomes a reset input for the n-ary counter 22, and during reproduction, the phase of the synchronization signal B generated based on the rotational movement of the capstan 15 is changed to the vertical synchronization signal H in the reproduction signal G. It acts to match the phase of the synchronizing signal H.

25 is a carrier detection circuit which inputs the playback signal F obtained from the video head 5 during playback, and detects whether or not the playback signal F is a video signal in the above-mentioned predetermined FM modulated form. This circuit makes a determination based on the presence or absence of a carrier component.

When the carrier of the video signal is detected by the carrier detection circuit 25 during playback, the output signal I becomes "1", and in response to this, the switch circuit 26 is selected to the N side, and in this case, the playback signal circuit The video signal G from 9 becomes the input signal K of the television receiver 10 via the switch circuit 26.

Furthermore, when the carrier detection circuit 25 does not detect the carrier of the video signal, the output signal I becomes "0", and in response to this, the switch circuit 26
Switch to BL side. In this case, the n-ary counter 2
A signal J obtained by shaping the synchronizing signal B from 2 to a predetermined pulse width with a monostable multivibrator 28 is sent to the input signal K of the television receiver 10 via a switch circuit 26 instead of the output G of the reproduction signal circuit 9. Become.

Note that the power switch 35 does not turn on or off the operating power of the entire device, but the lamp 19, light receiving element 20, shaping circuit 21, n-ary counter 22, etc. are powered from a separate power supply system. Operating power is applied.

Next, the recording and playback operations of the VTR configured as described above will be explained in order.

First, at the beginning of shooting, when the switch circuit 6 is turned to the recording R side and the power switch 35 is turned on, power is applied to the motor control circuit 23, which operates, starting the capstan motor 16 and turning it on N times per second. Control is performed to maintain steady rotation. When the capstan motor 16 stabilizes at the rotational speed N and the vertical synchronization signal D and synchronization signal B match in phase, the output terminal 32 of the motor control circuit 23 becomes "1",
The switch circuit 33 is turned on, and the recording signal circuit 8
From this point on, the image signal E is recorded on the tape 11 by the video head 5.

FIG. 4 is a time chart of the signals of the main parts when recording is performed in two cases using the above-mentioned VTR. In the figure, the period from time t ₁ to t ₂ is a period during which the capstan motor 16 is rotating steadily and the first scene is being recorded. That is, during this period, the power switch 35 is on, the shaping circuit 21 outputs a rotation detection signal A of a constant frequency corresponding to the steady rotation speed N, and the output 32 of the motor control circuit 23 is "1". The switch circuit 33 is turned on. Also, n-ary counter 2
2 outputs a synchronizing signal B that generates one pulse for every n pulses of the rotation detection signal A (n=10 in the figure).
Due to the control operation, the phase of this synchronization signal B matches the phase of the vertical synchronization signal D from the separation circuit 24 (that is, the vertical synchronization signal 13 in the video signal C).

As is clear from the above explanation, the synchronizing signal B generates a pulse every time the capstan 15 rotates by a predetermined amount, that is, every time the tape 11 travels a predetermined length, and the synchronizing signal B generates a pulse every time the capstan 15 rotates by a predetermined amount, that is, every time the tape 11 travels a predetermined length. Since it is generated in synchronization with the synchronizing signal 13, the vertical synchronizing signal 13 is recorded on the tape 11 in an FM modulated form at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tape 11. The recording interval of this vertical synchronizing signal 13 on the tape 11 is expressed as l. This length l is the running distance of the tape 11 corresponding to 10 cycles of the rotation detection signal A (1 cycle of the synchronization signal B).

Now, when the shooting of the first scene is finished and the power switch 35 is turned off at time _t2 , the power to the recording signal circuit 8 and the motor control circuit 23 is cut off, and the recording signal to the video head 5 disappears. Since the drive signal for the capstan motor 16 is lost, the motor 16 decelerates and finally stops.

As shown in FIG. 4, since the capstan motor 16 decelerates from time _t2 , the pulse period of the rotation detection signal A gradually increases, and when the motor 16 completely stops, no pulses of the signal A are generated. It disappears.
The rotation detection signal A generated during the stop transition period from t ₂ to t ₃ also increments the n-ary counter 22 continuously from before t ₂ . Therefore, even after t ₂ , a pulse of the synchronizing signal B is generated every time the running distance of the tape 11 reaches a certain value l, continuing from before t ₂ , and a pulse of the synchronizing signal B is generated every time the running distance of the tape ₁₁ reaches a certain value l. The count value i of the counter 22 represents the length of the tape running distance that is less than the above-mentioned l, and the count value i is maintained as it is even after _t3 . On the other hand, since the recording signal E disappears after t ₂ , the running portion of the tape 11 between t ₂ and _{t 3} is in a no-signal recording state. On tape 11, time t ₂
The boundary point between the normal recording portion and the no-signal recording portion corresponding to is expressed as a. Note that after _t2 , the phase difference between the two signals D and B is not normally detected, so the output 32 of the motor control circuit 23 becomes "0" and the switch circuit 33 is turned off.

Next, in order to photograph the second scene, the power switch 35 is turned on at time _t4 , and in response to this, the capstan motor 16 is started as described above, and at time _t5 , the capstan motor 16 is in a steady state. It is assumed that the rotational speed N is reached and the phases of both signals D and B match. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, while the capstan motor 16 starts rotating and gradually accelerates, a pulse whose period gradually decreases is generated in the rotation detection signal A, which causes the n-ary counter to 22 is incremented. As described above, the n-ary counter 22 holds the count value i at time _t3 , and counting is restarted from this value i after _t4 . This means that the period ( _t1 to _t2 ) is steady running, the period ( _t2 to _t3 ) is deceleration,
Period (t ₃ - _{t 4} ) is stopped, period (t ₄ - _{t 5} ) is accelerated, t ₅
Thereafter, the steady running and the operation of the tape drive system change, but regardless of these changes, the synchronization signal B is continuously changed from time _t1 every time the traveling distance of the tape 11 reaches a predetermined value l. This means that a pulse is generated.

On the other hand, the output 32 of the motor control circuit 23 is “1”
Until this point, the switch circuit 33 is off and the recording signal circuit 8 does not operate, resulting in a no-signal recording state. Then, at time _t5 , the phases of both signals D and B match, the output signal 32 becomes "1", the switch circuit 33 is turned on, the recording signal circuit 8 is operated, and the video from the television camera 7 is output. signal C
An FM modulated signal E is recorded on tape 11.
On the tape 11, the boundary point between the no-signal recording portion and the normal recording portion corresponding to time _t5 is denoted by b.

After _t5 , the video signal C output from the television camera 7 includes the synchronization signal B output from the n-ary counter 22, as in the period ( _t1 to _t2 ).
It includes a vertical synchronization signal 13 synchronized with
It is recorded on the tape 11 in FM modulated form.
As mentioned above, the synchronization signal B is generated continuously at every fixed length l with respect to the tape running distance. Therefore, the recording point interval of the vertical synchronizing signal 13 in the normal recording portion before point a on the tape 11 is l, and the recording point interval of the vertical synchronizing signal 13 in the normal recording portion after point b is also l. It is l. Furthermore, the distance on the tape 11 between the recording point of the last vertical synchronizing signal 13 of the normal recording portion before point a and the recording point of the first vertical synchronizing signal 13 of the normal recording portion after point b is defined as m. Then (see Figure 4),
This distance m is an integral multiple of the normal recording point interval l of the vertical synchronization signal 13 (in the example of FIG. 4, m=
(expressed as 3l).

Now, as explained in Fig. 4, the interval (a~
When the tape 11 in which two scenes are photographed with the non-signal portion in b) is played back at a constant speed (number of revolutions N of the capstan 15), the signal waveforms of the main parts become as shown in FIG. For reproduction, first, the switch circuit 6 is moved to the reproduction side P, and the power switch 35 is turned on. Then, the capstan motor 16 begins to rotate and finally stabilizes at a constant rotation speed N. The waveforms of various parts during playback in Figure 5 do not show this acceleration process, and the steady rotation speed N
This is a stable waveform.

In FIG. 5, the rotation detection signal A has pulses with a constant period corresponding to the steady rotation speed N.
At the playback output F of the video head 5, the video signal (FM modulated) of the first scene appears during playback before point a, no signal appears during playback from point a to point b, and no signal appears at point b. During subsequent playback, the second
A video signal (FM modulated) of the scene appears. When this reproduced signal F is FM demodulated by the reproduced signal circuit 9, a video signal G as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5I, in response to the reproduction signal F, the output I of the carrier detection circuit 25 is "0" in the no-signal section between a and b, and "1" in the normal recording section on both sides.
becomes.

Further, as shown in FIG. H, the vertical synchronization signal separation circuit 27 outputs a signal H obtained by separating and extracting the vertical synchronization signal 13 from the reproduced video signal G. Therefore, naturally, no pulse is generated in the output signal H during the no-signal period (a to b).

The vertical synchronizing signal H separated from the video signal G is n
This serves as a reset input for the advance counter 22. Therefore, the synchronization signal B output from the n-ary counter 22
As shown in FIGS. 5H and 5B, the phase of the signal H is aligned with that of the signal H. However, even if the pulse of the output signal H does not occur in the no-signal period (a to b), the n-ary counter 22 detects the rotational displacement amount of the capstan motor 16 (transfer amount of the tape 11) in continuous phases. A corresponding synchronization signal B is output. Fig. 5 J shows the synchronization signal B
shows a signal J shaped into a pulse with a predetermined width by the monostable multivibrator 28.

In the normal recording portion where the output I of the carrier detection circuit 25 is "1", the switch circuit 2
6 is selected to the N side, the reproduced video signal G becomes the input signal K of the television receiver 10, and in the no-signal portion (a to b) where the output of the carrier detection circuit 25 is "0", the switch circuit 26 is switched to the BL side, and the output signal J of the monostable multivibrator 28 becomes the input signal K of the television receiver 10.
becomes.

As a result, the input signal K of the television receiver 10 has a waveform as shown in FIG. Synchronization signal 13
The phase-aligned pseudo vertical synchronizing signal 13' is complemented. Pseudo vertical synchronization signal 13'
The reason why the vertical synchronization signal 13 in the video signal G reproduced from before and after the no-signal period is complemented in a continuous phase by the synchronization signal B, which is the signal source of
As already explained, there are four points: In other words,
The recording point of the last vertical synchronization signal 13 before point a,
The distance m on the tape 11 from the recording point of the first vertical synchronization signal 13 after point b is an integral multiple of l, and the interval between recording points of the vertical synchronization signal 13 in the normal recording portion is l. , synchronization signal B is tape 11
During reproduction, the n-ary counter 22 is reset by the output H of the vertical synchronizing signal separation circuit 27, and the phases of the vertical synchronizing signal 13 and the synchronizing signal B in the video signal G are adjusted. This is because they are aligned.

As shown in FIG. 5K, the signal K obtained by supplementing the pseudo vertical synchronization signal 13' is input to the television receiver 10 during the no-signal period between two scenes, so that even during the no-signal period, the television receiver 10 There is no synchronization loss on the side, and the second scene is projected smoothly.

As explained in detail below, according to the recording and reproducing method according to the present invention, even if a section in which recording on the tape is temporarily interrupted is reproduced, the pseudo vertical synchronization signal is continuously generated depending on the tape running distance. Since the signal is supplied to the television receiver, synchronization does not occur on the playback screen, and a stable and easy-to-see screen can be played without blanking appearing as in the conventional case.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional VTR, Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram showing a reproduction signal of a conventional VTR, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a VTR to which the present invention is applied, and Fig. 4 is the same as that of Fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of each part of the VTR during recording, FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of each part during playback, and FIG. 6 is a detailed circuit diagram of the motor control circuit in FIG. 3. 5...Video head which is a main part of information recording and reproducing means, 7...Television camera, 10...Television receiver, 11...Tape as a recording medium, 15, 16...Essentials of recording medium transport means Capstan, capstan motor, 17,1
8, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23... Disk, hole, lamp, light receiving element, shaping circuit, counter, motor control circuit, which are the main parts of the synchronization signal generation means, 2
4, 27... Vertical synchronization signal separation circuit, 26... Switch circuit, 25... Carrier detection circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A capstan motor, a capstan, and a pinch roller for transporting a tape, which is a recording medium, from a supply reel to a take-up reel, and for recording information from a television camera on the tape, and a video head for reproducing information recorded on the tape to a television receiver, and a first steady running period (t ₁ to t ₂ ), tape deceleration period ( _t2 to _t3 ), tape stop period ( _t3 to _t4 ),
A period (t ₄ - _{t 5} ) in which the capstan motor is accelerated to photograph the second scene, and a second steady running period (t ₅ -) in which the tape is constantly running in order to photograph the second scene. 1. A recording and reproducing method for reproducing a recording that has been made through a process, characterized in that the following processes (A) to (E) are performed. Note (A) The rotation signal of the capstan motor is divided by 1/n, and a synchronizing signal B is generated every fixed traveling distance l of the tape via an n-ary counter, and a synchronizing signal B is generated from the video signal output C of the television camera. Driving and controlling the capstan motor so that the phase of the separated and extracted vertical synchronization signal D matches the phase of the synchronization signal B to keep the rotation of the capstan motor constant;
An FM modulated image signal is recorded on the tape via a video head, and the vertical synchronization signal D is
It is recorded in FM modulated form every fixed traveling distance l of the tape. (B) During the deceleration period (t ₂ to _{t 3} ) caused by power cut off to the capstan motor, a synchronization signal B is generated every time the tape traveling distance reaches a certain value l based on the rotation detection signal A of the capstan motor. At the same time, the coefficient value i of the n-ary counter is held at the tape stop time _t3 (less than the tape traveling distance l), and the switch circuit 33 is turned OFF due to the mismatch in phase between the synchronization signal B and the vertical synchronization signal D. Stop the rotation of the Pushtan motor. (C) When the power is turned on to photograph the second scene and the capstan motor accelerates (t ₄ to t ₅ ), the counting of the above coefficient value i of the n-ary counter is restarted, and the tape has traveled a certain distance. The switch circuit 33 is turned ON when the synchronizing signal B is generated every 1 time, the capstan motor reaches a steady rotation speed N ( _t5 ), and the phases of the synchronizing signal B and the vertical synchronizing signal D match. , operates the recording signal circuit 8 to FM-modulate the video signal C from the television camera and record the recording signal E on the tape, and the vertical synchronization signal D is recorded on the tape every fixed tape traveling distance l. be done. (D) Recording point a of the last vertical synchronization signal 13 of the first normal recording portion (t ₁ to _{t 2} ) and point a of the first vertical synchronization signal 13 of the second normal recording portion (t ₅ to) The recording point b is an integral multiple of the normal recording point interval l of this vertical synchronizing signal 13. (E) When reproducing information by the video head, extracting and separating the vertical synchronization signal H contained in the reproduction signal of the video head, and resetting the n-ary counter based on this vertical synchronization signal H; The n-ary counter outputs a synchronization signal B corresponding to the amount of tape travel in continuous phases corresponding to the distance of tape travel, and the phase of this synchronization signal B is made to match the phase of the vertical synchronization signal 13 to perform pseudo vertical synchronization. A signal 13' is formed, and this pseudo vertical synchronizing signal 13' is used as an input signal to the television receiver within the no-signal section on the tape.