JPS642180B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Application Field> The disclosed technology belongs to the field of alloy composition technology for baking porcelain in dental healing treatment. <Summary of the gist> The present invention is an alloy for baking dental porcelain, which is a base alloy consisting of a predetermined composition of palladium, antimony, indium, tin, and iridium, and which incorporates other trace elements. This invention relates to a palladium alloy for baking dental porcelain, and in particular, the composition of the base alloy is such that the composition of the base alloy is 50 to 90% palladium, 1 to 25% antimony, and 0.5 to 15% indium in terms of raw material elements and weight ratios. , tin,
It is a composition alloy with a compounding ratio of 0.5 to 15% iridium and 0.01 to 1% iridium, and the other elements blended with this are gallium in weight ratio.
A palladium alloy for baking dental porcelain containing 0.01 to 10% gold, 0.01 to less than 10% gold, and 0.1 to 5% iron, and containing at least one or more of these elements in the above weight ratios. This is such an invention. <Prior Art> As is well known, there are various healing methods and means in dental treatment, and various technical techniques have been used for a long time to attach dentures to replace missing teeth such as broken teeth. ing. Therefore, these seed dentures have recently undergone physical aspects that deal with functions during use, chemical aspects that deal with changes in properties during use, and aesthetic aspects that greatly affect hygiene and psychology. These three points are no longer being ignored as constraints on healing and techniques, and in order to basically satisfy these three points, porcelain has been baked onto the surface of metal bodies, mainly alloys, for a long time. A processing and integration technique is used, and the alloy used to bake this porcelain is known as a so-called porcelain baking alloy. As a matter of course, the basic conditions for porcelain baking alloys that affect the function of dentures include hardness, which is the mechanical property of the porcelain, in order to match the properties of the porcelain to which it is bonded. However, there are conditions to compensate for the downside of brittleness as much as possible by using alloys and metals, and conditions for strong chemical bonding that inherently integrates the two. The elastic modulus of the alloy is high with respect to the biting force applied during occlusal and mastication that is frequently repeated in the oral cavity, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the porcelain and the alloy match as much as possible during baking, and furthermore, The chemical properties of the alloy during firing are such that the melting point of the alloy is higher than the firing temperature of the porcelain, and the bonding strength between the metal molecules of the porcelain and the alloy after firing is strong. is considered a necessary condition. The conventional porcelain baking alloys that have been developed so far can be roughly divided into noble metal alloys containing gold as the main component, palladium and palladium-silver alloys containing silver as the main component, and nickel and chromium alloys. ,
It is classified as a non-precious metal alloy mainly composed of cobalt. <Problem to be solved by the invention> Therefore, in the above-mentioned conventional porcelain baking alloy,
Precious metal alloys containing gold as the main component naturally have the disadvantage of being high in cost, and also have low hardness values due to the fact that gold is the main component. Therefore, as an alloy for porcelain baking, it has the disadvantage that it is soft and cannot withstand the biting force applied during occlusion during mastication, and the porcelain that is bonded by repeated feeding becomes soft. There is a risk of peeling off from the porcelain, and due to the low strength against high temperatures, the alloy deforms during the porcelain firing process and does not meet basic requirements. Next, palladium-silver alloys, which have silver as their main component, have the advantage that they are cheaper in terms of cost and have higher hardness values because they do not contain gold compared to the above-mentioned noble metal alloys. In addition to the disadvantage that the ideal hardness value is insufficient to withstand the occlusal pressure during feeding, the porcelain may be colored during firing, causing the porcelain baking alloy to become hard. There is the inconvenience that the aesthetics, which is a major feature, is lost. In addition, non-precious metal alloys are the cheapest in terms of cost and are superior in terms of hardness and high-temperature strength, but they have poor castability due to the technical aspects of dental healing treatment, and they also have poor elemental content. Oxides of the main components are likely to form,
Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the porcelain becomes colored during firing and is inferior in aesthetics as an oral cavity material, and furthermore, the bonding force with the porcelain is insufficient. <Object of the invention> The object of the invention is to solve the problems of the porcelain baking alloy based on the above-mentioned prior art, and to
It has favorable mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and strength, and is also excellent in chemical properties such as high-temperature properties, castability, and melting point.It also has excellent bonding properties with porcelain, making it an alloy for porcelain baking. By selecting a base alloy that satisfies almost all of the properties required for porcelain baking and other trace elements that further improve its superiority as an alloy for porcelain baking through selective blending. The object of the present invention is to provide an excellent palladium alloy for use in baking dental porcelain, which is useful in the field of dental healing and treatment techniques in the medical industry by making it possible to obtain highly satisfactory dental materials. <Means/effects for solving the problems> In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the structure of the present invention, which is based on the scope of the above-mentioned claims, is as follows:
As a palladium alloy for porcelain firing used in dental healing and treatment, basically, the coefficient of thermal expansion matches that of the porcelain, and when fired with the porcelain, the melting point is higher than the firing temperature of the porcelain. The weight ratio of palladium was increased to 50% to improve bonding and compatibility of the materials, and to prevent discoloration and corrosion in the oral cavity.
~90%, and antimony is added not only to improve compatibility with porcelain but also to improve castability, so that it does not color the porcelain.
To avoid deteriorating the aesthetic and healthy color1
The weight ratio is ~25%, and the weight ratio of indium is 0.5~15 to form an oxide film on the alloy surface to strengthen the bonding strength with the alloy, and to improve castability and compatibility. %, and tin has a weight ratio of 0.5 to 15% to improve mechanical properties like indium, and iridium has a weight ratio of 0.01 to less than 1%, and , by increasing the bonding force with the porcelain material in order to improve the properties of the base alloys with these compositions in a supportive and selective manner, thereby reproducing an aesthetically healthy color in the gingival area in the oral cavity. , Gallium is added in an amount of 0.01 to 10% as another element that is added to provide a deoxidizing effect, improve mechanical properties, improve castability, refine crystals, and prevent brittleness of the alloy. , 0.01% to less than 10% for gold, 0.1% to 5% for iron, and,
Technical means have been taken to improve the characteristics by selecting at least one of these elements. <Background of the theoretical composition> Next, we will explain the qualitative composition of each component and its weight ratio in the palladium alloy for dental porcelain baking of this invention, as well as the theory of quantitative limitation and the experimental background for limiting the conditions. state That is, first of all, to explain the base alloy, palladium is used as a material for dental healing treatment by combining with porcelain,
It is used to sufficiently ensure compatibility and therefore has a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to that of the porcelain, and is necessary to raise the melting point of the alloy higher than the firing temperature of the porcelain. Furthermore, as mentioned above, it is a basic metal that is necessary to ensure that dentures do not discolor or elute in the oral cavity after being fitted, and that they have sufficient corrosion resistance. Experiments have shown that if the effect is reduced, and if more than 90% is added, the melting point becomes higher than necessary, which not only deteriorates castability and compatibility, but also deteriorates the bonding force with the porcelain. Since this was confirmed, this weight ratio was set at 50 to 90%. Next, antimony is added to improve castability and compatibility with porcelain materials, and when a denture is worn in the mouth, the exposed metal around the tongue is generally exposed. However, in order to aesthetically reproduce a healthy color in the gum area of the relevant area and to ensure that the design is not bad, furthermore,
It is necessary to prevent discoloration of the porcelain material, and if the amount added is less than 1% by weight, the effect cannot be expected. It has been experimentally confirmed that antimony is lost. Therefore, the weight ratio of the antimony is limited to 1 to 25% as the optimum addition range. Indium improves elasticity against the biting force applied during occlusion during chewing in the oral cavity, improving mechanical properties, while at the same time forming an appropriately thin oxide film on the alloy surface when bonding with porcelain. It acts to improve molding, castability, and compatibility, and experiments have shown that addition of a minimum weight ratio of 0.5% is necessary to fully exhibit these properties, while addition of more than 15% When added, high-temperature properties deteriorate,
It has also been confirmed that the alloy becomes brittle, so the addition weight ratio of indium is 0.5 to 15.
% and its range is limited. Furthermore, like indium mentioned above, tin is added to improve the mechanical properties against the applied force during occlusion during mastication, and like palladium, it is added to strengthen the bonding force with the porcelain material. According to the above, if it is less than 0.5%, the effect is weak, and if it exceeds 15%, it becomes brittle and undesirable, so the weight ratio is
It is limited to 0.5-15%. Next, iridium is added to increase mechanical properties and make crystals finer, and experiments have shown that a weight ratio of less than 0.01% does not provide the desired effect. It has been confirmed that addition of 1% or more causes the alloy to become brittle, and therefore, the optimum range of the addition weight ratio of iridium is set to 0.01 to less than 1%. Next, regarding gallium, it exerts the function of deoxidizing the alloy, and it not only forms an appropriate oxide film on the surface of the alloy to strengthen the bond with the porcelain material, but also allows the denture to be held in the oral cavity. When worn, it effectively reproduces a healthy color that does not impair aesthetics on the gingival area of the exposed metal around the tongue, and also to prevent discoloration of the porcelain material and reduce aesthetics. According to experiments, these effects are necessary and can be effectively expected within the range of 0.01% and 10%; below 0.01%, the above effects cannot be expected; on the other hand, above 10%, Since it was found that castability and compatibility deteriorated, the weight ratio was set at 0.01 to 10%. Next, gold has the function of matching the coefficient of thermal expansion with the porcelain material, improving the bonding properties with the porcelain material, and improving castability, and according to experiments, it has the function of less than 0.01%. On the other hand, 10
% or more, it was found that castability deteriorated. Therefore, the weight ratio of gold added is limited to an optimum range of 0.01 to less than 10%. Next, iron improves its mechanical properties due to its basic properties, but on the other hand, it forms a moderate oxide film on the alloy surface to increase the bonding strength with porcelain, and also improves the elasticity of the alloy. Experiments have shown that if it is added in excess of 5%, it will actually impair its properties. Based on the above results, the optimum weight ratio of addition was determined to be 0.1 to 5%. <Examples> Next, Examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1, and are shown together with known alloys for baking porcelain.

[Table] For sample numbers 1 to 12 of the comparative examples in Table 1 and known samples, each material element was melted for 30 minutes at a melting temperature of 1400°C in a well-known high frequency heating melting furnace. , t10×w50×l100 mm, and then rolled into a predetermined shape using a well-known rolling roll. Each sample of the example obtained as described above and the processed material of the known sample were formed into a desired number of plate-shaped test pieces of t1.0 x w10 x l15 mm by centrifugal casting. A hardness test was conducted. In addition, a rod-shaped test piece with a diameter of 2.0 mm and a length of 50 mm was prepared using the same manufacturing method, and a tensile test and an elongation measurement test were conducted on the rod-shaped test piece. The contents of each test are as follows. 1 Hardness test Using a Microvits hardness tester with a load of 200
g, and the load application time was 30 seconds. 2. Tensile strength test A tensile test piece with a gage length of 20 mm was measured using a Tensilon tensile tester at a tensile speed of 10 mm/min. 3. Elongation measurement test This test was conducted in the same manner as the above tensile strength test. 4 Discoloration observation test After polishing each test piece with No. 400 abrasive paper specified in JIS R 6253, one type of test piece was 37±2
Discoloration was observed after full immersion for 3 days in 0.1% sodium sulfide solution at .degree. For other types of test pieces, the temperature is 37±2℃.
The state of discoloration was observed after being completely immersed for 3 days in a mixed solution of equal amounts of 0.1% sodium sulfide and 1% lactic acid. 5 Porcelain discoloration observation test The presence or absence of discoloration of the porcelain after baking the porcelain on each test piece was observed. The results of each of the above-mentioned tests are shown in Table 2. In the discoloration test results shown in Table 2, the ◯ mark indicates that there was no change at all.

[Table] As can be seen from the test data shown in Table 2,
The palladium alloy for baking dental porcelain materials of this invention has significantly superior hardness and tensile strength compared to conventionally known alloys, has no inferiority in elongation, and is sufficient even under the special conditions for porcelain materials. Satisfactory data have been obtained. It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, equivalent elements having the same function and effect as each element of the constituent elements of the above-mentioned claims may be substituted. Various aspects can be adopted, such as being able to be used as <Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, basically the composition of the base alloy and the trace elements added thereto in the alloy for baking dental porcelain can be adjusted as described in the scope of the above-mentioned claims. By limiting the scope of the invention, it is possible to provide an alloy that is almost completely satisfactory in terms of physical, mechanical, chemical properties, as well as hygiene and aesthetics required for dentures and the like for oral healing treatment. Excellent effects can be achieved. Therefore, the state of bonding with the porcelain material is sufficiently maintained over time even when it is installed in the oral cavity, and it is also resistant to the mechanically repeated applied forces of occlusion caused by mastication during eating. It has the excellent effect of maintaining sufficient elastic modulus even when exposed to water, preventing the porcelain from peeling off, and maintaining the esthetically healthy color of the gingival area around the lingual area where the metal is exposed. Moreover, the effect of fully satisfying practicality is achieved. In addition, it not only has excellent properties as a denture, but also has good castability when placed in the oral cavity, has a good deoxidizing effect, and has excellent workability, making it easy to operate, providing the optimal denture. Excellent effects can be achieved. Furthermore, since the gold content is low, it is inexpensive and easily available, which is an excellent advantage for dental treatment. Therefore, trace elements for the base alloy mentioned above can also promote various properties of the base alloy and promote energization, so by selectively blending at least one of these elements, palladium for dental porcelain baking can be An excellent effect is achieved in that the excellent properties as an alloy can be further improved.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In palladium alloys for dental porcelain baking, in which other elements are blended with a base alloy consisting of palladium, antimony, indium, tin, and iridium, the base material contains 50% palladium by weight.
less than 90% than 1% antimony, less than 15% than 0.5% indium, 15% less than 0.5% tin
less than 1% from iridium 0.01%, and the weight ratio of the other elements mentioned above is 10% from gallium 0.01%
Less than 10% less than 0.01% gold, 5% less than 0.1% iron
A palladium alloy for baking dental porcelain consisting of at least one type of palladium alloy.