JPS639341B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS639341B2 JPS639341B2 JP20693081A JP20693081A JPS639341B2 JP S639341 B2 JPS639341 B2 JP S639341B2 JP 20693081 A JP20693081 A JP 20693081A JP 20693081 A JP20693081 A JP 20693081A JP S639341 B2 JPS639341 B2 JP S639341B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow electrode
- electrode
- discharge tube
- lamp
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/09—Hollow cathodes
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は各種分光測定に用いられるスペクト
ルランプ、特に高周波放電を利用したスペクトル
ランプに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spectral lamp used for various spectroscopic measurements, and particularly to a spectral lamp using high frequency discharge.
従来の中空電極ランプは発光させたい元素を含
む材料でできた中空形の電極を陰極とした直流放
電を利用していた。しかし、直流放電では、輝度
を増すために電流を増加させると、陰極物質のイ
オン衝撃によるスパツタ量が急激に増加し、スペ
クトル線の自己吸収が大きくなる欠点があつた。 Conventional hollow electrode lamps utilize direct current discharge using a hollow electrode made of a material containing the element desired to emit light as a cathode. However, direct current discharge has the drawback that when the current is increased to increase brightness, the amount of spatter due to ion bombardment of the cathode material increases rapidly, and self-absorption of spectral lines increases.
従つて、この発明の目的は上述の欠点を除去し
た高輝度中空電極ランプを提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a high-intensity hollow electrode lamp which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks.
この発明の目的を達成するため、この発明では
(1) 周波数を、電極間距離をｄ、電界による電
子の平均の移動速度をvdとする時、式＞
2vd／ｄを満たす高周波電源を使用し、
(2) 放電管内に、中空電極とこれに対向する電極
を持ち、
(3) 上記中空電極を水冷する手段を有し、
(4) 上記放電管を導電性の容器で包み、この容器
を接地し、
(5) 上記中空電極をコンデンサを介して上記高周
波電源に接続し、上記中空電極に対向する上記
電極を接地した構成からなるランプ構造とし
た。 In order to achieve the purpose of this invention, in this invention (1) the frequency is expressed as follows, where d is the distance between electrodes, and v d is the average moving speed of electrons due to the electric field.
A high frequency power supply satisfying 2v d / d is used, (2) the discharge tube has a hollow electrode and an electrode opposite thereto, (3) a means for cooling the hollow electrode with water, (4) the discharge tube is wrapped in a conductive container, the container is grounded, and (5) the hollow electrode is connected to the high frequency power source via a capacitor, and the electrode facing the hollow electrode is grounded. .
以下、この発明を図面を用いて詳細に説明す
る。 Hereinafter, this invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.
第１図は電気的接続を主にした、この発明の基
本的構成を示す。図において、中空電極１は円筒
状放電管３内の中心軸上の下部にあり、コンデン
サ５を介して周波数を発生する高周波電源６の
一端に接続されている。なお、高周波電源６の他
端は接地されている。中空電極６と距離ｄをおい
て対向電極２があり、その他端は接地されてい
る。また、光取り出し窓１１を有する放電管３を
導電性容器４が取り囲んでおり、その容器４は接
地されている。さらに、中空電極１を冷却するた
め、その電極１を取り巻くように冷却パイプ（第
１図には示していない。第２，３図の引出し番号
９，９′を参照）が設けられている。 FIG. 1 shows the basic configuration of the present invention, mainly the electrical connections. In the figure, a hollow electrode 1 is located at the lower part of the central axis of a cylindrical discharge tube 3, and is connected via a capacitor 5 to one end of a high frequency power source 6 that generates a frequency. Note that the other end of the high frequency power source 6 is grounded. There is a counter electrode 2 at a distance d from the hollow electrode 6, and the other end is grounded. Further, a conductive container 4 surrounds the discharge tube 3 having a light extraction window 11, and the container 4 is grounded. Further, in order to cool the hollow electrode 1, a cooling pipe (not shown in FIG. 1, see drawer numbers 9 and 9' in FIGS. 2 and 3) is provided so as to surround the electrode 1.
中空電極ランプを上述のような構成とすること
により、以下のような利点が得られる。 By configuring the hollow electrode lamp as described above, the following advantages can be obtained.
周波数が＞2vd／ｄを満すと、イオンは勿
論、電子も電場の半サイクルの間に電極間を走行
できず、電極間に捕捉される。とくに、質量の大
きいイオンはほとんど動けないので、電流のほと
んどが電子電流で、入力電力の大部分が電子の加
速に使われる。このため、発光効率がよい。さら
に、イオンが加速されないので入力を大きくして
も、スパツタ量はあまり大きくならず、輝度が高
く、かつ、自己吸収の少ない線幅の細いスペクト
ルが得られる。 When the frequency is >2v d /d, neither ions nor electrons can travel between the electrodes during a half cycle of the electric field and are trapped between the electrodes. In particular, since ions with large mass can hardly move, most of the current is electron current, and most of the input power is used to accelerate the electrons. Therefore, the luminous efficiency is good. Furthermore, since the ions are not accelerated, even if the input is increased, the amount of spatter does not increase so much, and a spectrum with high brightness and narrow linewidth with little self-absorption can be obtained.
中空電極１が水冷されているので、入力電力を
大きくしても、電極から不純ガスが放出されるこ
ともなく、低融点物質や蒸気圧の高い物質を中空
電極に使用できる。 Since the hollow electrode 1 is water-cooled, impurity gas will not be released from the electrode even if the input power is increased, and a substance with a low melting point or a substance with high vapor pressure can be used for the hollow electrode.
また、放電管の整流特性と中空電極１に接続さ
れたコンデンサ５の作用で、中空電極１が負の直
流電位となる。このため、中空電極が負の半サイ
クルの消費電力が増し、かつ、電力の大部分が中
空電極１の前面の電界強度の大きい部分で消費さ
れるので、中空電極１のみを水冷するだけで良
い。スペクトル線強度も上記のコンデンサ５が無
い場合より有る場合の方が大きくなる。 Further, due to the rectification characteristics of the discharge tube and the action of the capacitor 5 connected to the hollow electrode 1, the hollow electrode 1 has a negative DC potential. For this reason, the power consumption in the negative half cycle of the hollow electrode increases, and most of the power is consumed in the front part of the hollow electrode 1 where the electric field strength is high, so it is only necessary to water-cool the hollow electrode 1. . The spectral line intensity is also greater when the capacitor 5 is present than when it is absent.
放電管３を包んだ導電性容器４の作用で、放電
管の中空電極側が負となる極性の整流特性がより
顕著になる。 Due to the action of the conductive container 4 surrounding the discharge tube 3, the polarity rectification characteristic in which the hollow electrode side of the discharge tube is negative becomes more pronounced.
なお、高周波電源６の周波数、電界による電子
の平均移動速度，および電極間距離ｄの実際的な
値はそれぞれ20MHz以上（好しくは20〜100M
Hz）、約１×106cm／ｓ（諸条件により変化するた
めある幅を持ついるのが普通である）、２〜６mm
位である。 Note that the practical values of the frequency of the high-frequency power source 6, the average moving speed of electrons due to the electric field, and the inter-electrode distance d are each 20 MHz or more (preferably 20 to 100 M).
Hz), approximately 1 x 10 6 cm/s (it varies depending on various conditions, so it is normal to have a certain width), 2 to 6 mm
It is the rank.
実施例 １
第２図はこの発明による一実施例である。中空
電極１はリード線７を介して高周波入力用コネク
タ８に接続されている。対向電極２はリード線
７′を介して導電性容器４に接続されている。冷
却水用パイプ９，９′から水を出し入れして、中
空電極１を冷却する。放電管３の内部に発生する
不純ガスを取り除くため、ゲツター１０が設けら
れている。光取り出し窓１１は所望のスペクトル
に対して透明の物質を用いる。Embodiment 1 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. The hollow electrode 1 is connected to a high frequency input connector 8 via a lead wire 7. The counter electrode 2 is connected to the conductive container 4 via a lead wire 7'. The hollow electrode 1 is cooled by bringing water in and out from the cooling water pipes 9 and 9'. A getter 10 is provided to remove impurity gas generated inside the discharge tube 3. The light extraction window 11 uses a material that is transparent to a desired spectrum.
実施例 ２
第３図はこの発明による他の実施例であり、ラ
ンプの交換を容易にするため、ソケツト１２に差
し込むだけで、電気的接続、および水冷パイプの
接続を行なうもので、放電管３を金属ベース１３
に接着剤１４で固定し、中空電極１の電気的接続
用足１５と冷却水用パイプ９，９′をソケツト１
２に差し込む。冷却水用パイプ９，９′はＯリリ
ング１６，１６′によつて、水もれなくソケツト
１２中の冷却水供給、排出孔１７，１７′に接続
される。なお、リード線７′などの接地側の端子
も電気的接続用足を介してソケツト１２に接続す
るようにしてもよい。Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In order to facilitate lamp replacement, electrical connections and water cooling pipe connections are made by simply inserting the lamp into the socket 12. The metal base 13
The electrical connection leg 15 of the hollow electrode 1 and the cooling water pipes 9, 9' are fixed to the socket 1 with adhesive 14.
Insert into 2. The cooling water pipes 9, 9' are connected to cooling water supply and discharge holes 17, 17' in the socket 12 without water leakage by O-rings 16, 16'. Note that a ground terminal such as the lead wire 7' may also be connected to the socket 12 via the electrical connection leg.
実施例 ３
第４図はこの発明によるさらに他の実施例であ
り放電管３を形成する前のバルブを示す。実施例
１，２において述べた中空電極放電ランプの寿命
をさらにのばそうとするものである。すなわち、
第１，２図において、対向電極２のリード線７′
の封止位置と中空電極１の先端とが略水平面上に
位置しているため、長時間使用しているとスパツ
タにより導電路が形成され短絡に至ることがあ
る。この短絡を避けるため、第４図に示すよう
に、対向電極２のリード線７′の封止位置１８，
１８′と中空電極１の先端との間に軸方向の段差
を設けたものである。このような構造とすること
により、長時間点灯による短絡は発生しなくなつ
た。Embodiment 3 FIG. 4 is still another embodiment of the present invention, and shows a bulb before the discharge tube 3 is formed. This is an attempt to further extend the life of the hollow electrode discharge lamp described in Examples 1 and 2. That is,
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the lead wire 7' of the counter electrode 2
Since the sealed position and the tip of the hollow electrode 1 are located on a substantially horizontal plane, if used for a long time, spatter may form a conductive path, leading to a short circuit. In order to avoid this short circuit, as shown in FIG.
An axial step is provided between 18' and the tip of the hollow electrode 1. With this structure, short circuits due to long-time lighting are no longer caused.
以上述べたごとく、この発明により従来のもの
より10〜100倍もの高輝度を持つ長寿命の中空電
極ランプが得られる。 As described above, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a long-life hollow electrode lamp that has 10 to 100 times higher brightness than conventional lamps.
第１図はこの発明による中空電極ランプの基本
構成を示す図、第２図はこの発明の一実施例にな
るランプの断面図、第３図はこの発明の他の一実
施例になるランプの断面図、第４図はこの発明の
さらに他の一実施例になるランプの放電管部の断
面図である。
１……中空電極、２……対向電極、３……放電
管、４……導電性容器、５……コンデンサ、６…
…高周波電源、７，７′……リード線、９，９′…
…水冷パイプ、１０……ゲツター、１１……光取
り出し窓。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic structure of a hollow electrode lamp according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a lamp according to an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a lamp according to another embodiment of the invention. 4 is a sectional view of a discharge tube portion of a lamp according to still another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Hollow electrode, 2... Counter electrode, 3... Discharge tube, 4... Conductive container, 5... Capacitor, 6...
...High frequency power supply, 7,7'... Lead wire, 9,9'...
...Water cooling pipe, 10...Getter, 11...Light extraction window.
Claims (1)
子の平均移動速度をvdとした時、式＞2vd／ｄ
を満たす高周波電源と、 接地されている導電性円筒状容器に囲まれた円
筒状放電管内の中心軸上にあり、かつコンデンサ
を介して上記高周波電源に接続されている中空電
極と、 上記中空電極と対峙し、かつ接地されている対
向電極と、 上記中空電極を水冷する手段とからなる中空電
極ランプ。[Claims] 1. When the frequency is the distance between electrodes d and the average moving speed of electrons due to the electric field is v d , the formula > 2v d /d
a high-frequency power source that satisfies the above requirements; a hollow electrode located on the central axis of a cylindrical discharge tube surrounded by a grounded conductive cylindrical container and connected to the high-frequency power source via a capacitor; A hollow electrode lamp comprising: a counter electrode that faces the electrode and is grounded; and a means for cooling the hollow electrode with water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20693081A JPS57128445A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Hollow electrode lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20693081A JPS57128445A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Hollow electrode lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57128445A JPS57128445A (en) | 1982-08-10 |
| JPS639341B2 true JPS639341B2 (en) | 1988-02-27 |
Family
ID=16531402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20693081A Granted JPS57128445A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1981-12-23 | Hollow electrode lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57128445A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030072777A (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-19 | 주식회사 엘지이아이 | Microwave lighting apparatus |
| JP4881775B2 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2012-02-22 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | light source |
-
1981
- 1981-12-23 JP JP20693081A patent/JPS57128445A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57128445A (en) | 1982-08-10 |
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