JPS6390662A - Governor structure for unit injector type diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To compact constitution and to improve maintenance properties, by a method wherein a governor lever is placed in a breather passage, through which a cylinder head and a crank case are interconnected. CONSTITUTION:A breather passage 34 is formed in the side wall parts of a cylinder block 2 and a cylinder head 3. A governor lever 35, through which to intercommunicate a unit injector 12 and a governor device, is situated in the breather passage 34, and the governor lever 35 is relatively rotatably supported on a rotary shaft 36 rotatably supported to a crank case 1. This constitution enables compacting of an engine since there is no need to specially form a communicating passage for the governor lever 35. Further, since the governor lever 35 and the governor device are positioned independently from each other, when the cylinder head 3 is separated for maintenance, there is no need to regulate the governor device, and disassembly and assembly is facilitated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a governor structure for a unit injector type diesel engine.

<Prior Art> Generally, a deep pill engine using a unit injector is provided with a governor device to maintain a constant rotational speed by adjusting the injection amount of the unit injector.

By the way, as a governor device, for example, a centrifugal type governor is used, and the centrifugal type is one in which a governor is coaxially provided on a camshaft provided in the cylinder head.
Although disclosed in the specification of No. 9, since a centrifugal governor is provided in the cylinder head, a lubrication structure capable of supplying lubricating oil must also be provided to the governor section. In addition, since the governor lever that connects the unit injector and governor is similarly provided integrally with the cylinder head, it may be necessary to adjust the governor device when the cylinder head is separated for maintenance. There is a risk that disassembly and assembly will become complicated.

By the way, in the so-called OHV type engine, in which a camshaft for driving a unit injector is located inside a crankcase, a governor device is driven within the crankcase through a gear connection. Therefore, it is necessary to connect the governor device installed in the crankcase and the unit injector installed in the cylinder head, but this connection makes it difficult to separate the cylinder head and makes maintenance work complicated. It is necessary to avoid deterioration of engine performance due to the complexity of the connection means, which makes it difficult for the unit injector to follow the governor device.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In view of the problems of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a governor structure for a unit injector type engine that has a compact configuration and is easy to maintain. be.

<Means for Solving the Problems> According to the present invention, the present invention has a unit injector provided in the cylinder head, a control rack for adjusting the injection amount of the unit injector, and a control rack provided in the crankcase. a governor device for a unit injector type diesel engine, the governor structure having a governor device that connects the control rack and the governor device so as to interlock the control rack with the governor device, the governor lever connecting the control rack to the governor device; This is achieved by providing a governor structure for a unit injector type diesel engine, the governor structure being received in a breather passage communicating between the head and the inside of the crankcase. In particular, it is preferable that an intermediate portion of the governor lever is rotatably supported by a portion closer to the crankcase than the cylinder head.

In this way, by providing the governor lever that connects the unit injector provided in the cylinder head and the governor device provided in the crankcase using the breather passage, a special communication hole for the cabana lever is provided. There is no need to provide Further, by providing the rotating support portion of the governor lever on the crankcase side, the cylinder head can be separated from the governor lever and the governor device.

Embodiments The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 schematically show a unit injector type diesel engine to which a governor structure according to the present invention is applied. This diesel engine has a crankcase 1, a cylinder block 2, a cylinder head 3 attached to the upper part of the crankcase 1, and a head cover 4.

A cylinder liner 6 is formed in a cylinder 5 formed in the cylinder block 2, and a piston 7 is movably disposed inside the cylinder liner 6.

The piston 7 is connected to a crankshaft 9 via a connecting rod 8, and reciprocates in the vertical direction to move toward the crank II (
It is designed to rotate h9. A crankcase cover 11 is placed on the output lN110 side of the crankshaft 9.
is attached, and a cooling fan (not shown) is attached to the end opposite to the output shaft 10. Further, inside the cylinder head 3, a unit injector 12 is fixed with a mounting bolt 13 together with a valve operating mechanism to be described later.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the unit injector 1
2 consists of a nozzle part 14 and a pump part 15 which are integrated so that their axes are orthogonal to each other. The nozzle 16 of the nozzle portion 14 has its tip protruding into a combustion chamber 17 defined between the lower surface of the cylinder head 3 and the upper surface of the piston 7, and has a conduit 18 extending from a fuel tank (not shown).
The fuel supplied through the combustion chamber 17 can be directly injected into the combustion chamber 17. Further, the end portion 15a of the pump portion 15 on the driving side is in contact with the tip of a rocker arm 19 that is swingably supported within the cylinder head 3.

Inside the cylinder head 3, there is an intake valve 21 as a valve mechanism.
and exhaust valves 22 are arranged on both sides of the unit injector 12. Both valves 21 and 22 are normally biased closed by coil springs 21a and 22a, and rocker arms 2 are disposed coaxially with and adjacent to both sides of the rocker arm 19 that drives the unit injector 12.
3.24, the valve is driven to open.

A gear 9a is fixed to the shaft end of the crankshaft 9 on the output shaft 10 side (Fig. 1), and a gear 9a is fixed to the shaft end of the crankshaft 9 on the output shaft 10 side (Fig. 1). A pair of balancers (not shown) are rotatably supported parallel to the shaft 9.

As shown in FIG. 2, a camshaft 25 is pivotally supported within the crankcase 1 in parallel with the crankshaft. A gear 25a is fixed coaxially to this camshaft 25,
By gear-coupling with one of the above-mentioned balunries (not shown), it is configured to rotate at 1/2 the speed of the crankshaft 9, and the above-mentioned unit injector 12 and both valves 21 and 22 are operated at a predetermined timing. Cams 26 and 27 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cam 26 and 27 to drive the cam 26 and 27 accordingly.

The rocker arm 19 that is in contact with the pump portion 15 of the unit injector 12 has one cam 26 provided on the camshaft 25 and a bushing rod 28 that engages with the cam.
, and presses the end 15a of the pump section 15 in its axial direction. This drives the pump section 15,
Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 17 from the nozzle 16 .

On the side of the pump part 15 of the unit injector 12,
A control rack 31 is provided to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the control rack 31, and a pin 31a that protrudes outward from the upper part of the pump part 15 is integrated into the part of the control rack 31 that is inserted into the pump part 15. It is set in.

Further, a bracket 32 is fixed to the unit injector 12, and the protruding end of the pin 31a and the bracket 32 are fixed to the unit injector 12.
A coil spring 33 is interposed between the
The control rack 31 is biased toward the starting position (right side in FIG. 1). At this starting position, fuel is assembled and injected in an amount sufficient for starting.

A pin 31b is provided near the free end of the control rack 31 to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the control rack 31. A U-shaped groove 37 formed in one end 35a of the governor lever 35, which will be described later, engages with the pin 31b. Note that since the U-shaped groove 37 has its release portion facing upward of the cylinder head 3, when separating the cylinder head 3 from the cylinder block 2, the pin 31b and the U-shaped groove
The engagement with the groove 37 can be easily released.

A breather passage 34 is formed in the side walls of the cylinder block 2 and cylinder head 3, and a pulsating air flow generated within the crankcase 1 due to the reciprocating movement of the piston 7 is passed through the breather passage 34. head cover 4
It is made to flow out to the outside via a breather valve 59 provided at the top. A governor lever 35 is received within the breather passage 34, and the governor lever 35 is relatively rotatably supported by a rotation shaft 36 rotatably supported by the crankcase 1.

The other end 35b of the governor lever 35 engages with a slider 38a of the governor 38. The governor 38 is a centrifugal governor of a known type, has a governor weight 38b, and is configured to rotate by being geared to the gear 25a of the camshaft 25. The governor weight 38b is configured to be able to move in and out of the slider 38a. The movement of the slider 38a drives the control rack 31 via the governor lever 35, controls the fuel injection material in the pump section 15, and automatically adjusts the amount of fuel supplied into the combustion chamber 17. Ru. This makes it possible to automatically adjust the rotational speed of the engine during operation.

A predetermined amount of lubricating oil (■) is stored inside an oil pan (not shown) that is provided integrally with the crankcase 1, and the lubricating oil is pumped by an oil pump (not shown) during engine operation. , the crankshaft 9, the camshaft 25, the valve mechanism inside the cylinder head 3, and other parts are lubricated. Then, the lubricating oil supplied inside the cylinder head 3 descends through the breather passage 34 and is returned into the crankcase 1, and the governor lever 35 and the governor 38 are suitably lubricated by the lubricating oil. There is no need to provide a lubrication structure for supplying lubricating oil to the governor 38 and the like.

Note that, similarly to the rocker arm 19 that engaged with the unit injector 12, the rocker arms 23 and 24 engaged with the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 are connected to the bushing rod 28 by the other cam 27 provided on the cam shaft 25. It is driven via another parallel bushing rod.

When the intake valve 21 opens, air is drawn into the cylinder 5 from the three air cleaners through the intake passage 40, and when the exhaust valve 22 opens, combustion gas is discharged from the cylinder 5 through the exhaust passage 41 and from the muffler 42. .

As described above, the governor auxiliary lever 43 is integrally fixed to the rotating shaft 36 that rotatably supports the governor lever 35, and a governor auxiliary lever 43 is attached to the free end thereof in parallel with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 36. The protruding pin 43a is connected to the governor lever 3.
It engages with a hole 44 provided near the end 35b of 5. Incidentally, since the inner diameter of the hole 44 is larger than the outer diameter of the pin 43a, a lost motion gate structure is formed between these two members. Note that a stop lever 45 is integrally formed on the governor auxiliary lever 43, and the governor auxiliary lever is moved until the free end of the stop lever 45 hits a stopper portion 46 provided inside the crankcase cover 11. 43 is rotatable.

The rotation shaft 36 is rotatably supported by the crankcase 1 at both ends and an intermediate portion so as to traverse the interior of the crankcase 1 . One end 3 of the rotation shaft 36
6a projects to the outside of the crankcase 1, and an auxiliary lever 47 made of a pressed thin plate is integrally fixed to its free end 36a. As clearly shown in FIG. 3, a bracket 48 is fixed to the outside of the crankcase 1 by screwing a bolt 60, and a control lever 49 is rotatably supported on the bracket 48. ing. The control lever 49 has a shape formed by pressing a thin plate into a substantially cross shape, and the intermediate portion of the first arm 50 and the aforementioned auxiliary lever 47 are connected via a coil spring 54. There is. Further, the free end 50a of the first arm 50 is bent at a substantially right angle so as to be able to engage with a pin 47a integrally provided on the auxiliary lever 47.

Further, a second arm 51 extends toward a side substantially opposite to the first arm 50, and its free end is bent at a substantially right angle to form an operating knob 51a. When the control lever 49 is rotated, the third arm 52
Stoppers 55 and 56 are provided on the bracket 48 so that the fourth arm 53 can be struck at the stop position and the maximum rotation position, respectively. In addition, both stoppers 55
．． 56 are fitted with screws 57 and 58, respectively,
By screwing the screws 57 and 58 forward or backward, the two positions can be adjusted.

Next, the operation procedure of this embodiment will be explained.

FIG. 3 shows the normal operating state of the engine, in which the auxiliary lever 47 is rotated in the direction of arrow A due to the elastic force of the coil spring 54 interposed between the control lever 49 and the auxiliary lever 47. There is a force at work. Since the pin 43a of the governor auxiliary lever 43 is engaged so as to push the left wall surface of the hole 44 of the governor lever 35, the governor lever 35 is moved in the direction of arrow A (fuel It receives torque so that it rotates in the direction of increasing volume. By the way, since the governor 38 tries to push the slider 38a in the direction of arrow B by centrifugal force, the governor lever 35 is subjected to torque so as to rotate in the direction of arrow B (direction to reduce the amount of fuel). Therefore,
The governor lever 35 is at a position where the torque due to the pressing force of the governor 38 and the torque due to the elastic force of the coil spring 54 are balanced. The control rack 31 interlocking with the governor lever 35 determines the amount of fuel injected from the unit injector 12, allowing the engine to rotate at a constant rate. In addition, move the control lever 49 in the direction of arrow C.
By operating them in both directions and setting them at the predetermined positions, it is possible to maintain a constant rotational state within the engine's permissible rotational range in the same way as described above.

Next, when stopping the engine, the free end of the first arm 50 is rotated by rotating the control lever 49 in the direction of the arrow until the third arm 52 hits the stopper 55. 50a is the pin 47a of the auxiliary lever 47
The auxiliary lever 47 is forcibly rotated in the direction of the arrow E. By rotating the auxiliary lever 47 in the direction of arrow E, the pin 4 of the governor auxiliary lever 43
3a presses the right WR in the hole 44 of the governor lever 35 to rotate the governor lever 35 in the direction of arrow F.
1 is moved in the direction of arrow F, the fuel injected from the unit injector 12 is cut off, and the engine is stopped.

Furthermore, since the governor 38 is not rotating when starting the engine, the governor lever 35 has a slider 38.
The pressing force from a is not acting.

Therefore, the governor lever 35 and the control rack 3
1 is resiliently biased by the coil spring 33 as described above, and is in the starting position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. When the control rack 31 is in that position,
Since the amount of fuel is increased enough for starting, fuel is injected from the unit injector 12 so that the engine can be started easily. In addition, the control lever 49
Even when the is in the stop position, the governor lever 35 moves toward the arrow △ by the amount of lost motion between the hole 44 of the governor lever 35 and the pin 43a of the governor auxiliary lever 43, as described above.
Since the control lever 49 can be rotated in the direction of
is resiliently biased to the starting position by the coil spring 33. Then, when the engine begins to rotate, a pressing force of the slider 38a of the governor 38 is generated against the resilient biasing force of the coil spring 33. The governor lever 35 is rotated in the direction of arrow B, and the control rack 31 is returned to the operating position described above.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, in a diesel engine having a unit injector provided in the cylinder head and a governor device provided in the crankcase, the governor lever connecting the unit injector and the governor device is placed in the breather passage. Since there is no need to provide a special communication path for the governor lever, the engine can be made more compact. Furthermore, since the governor lever is rotatably supported on the crankcase side, when the cylinder head is separated for maintenance, the governor lever and governor device can be separated from the cylinder head. Governor when performing maintenance] i? There is no need to adjust 2 etc.
Its effects are extremely large, such as ease of disassembly and assembly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of an engine to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the engine shown in FIG. 1 taken in the direction of the crankshaft. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the engine shown in FIG. 1. 1... Crank case 2... Cylinder block 3
...Cylinder head 4...Head cover 5...
Cylinder 6... Cylinder liner 7... Piston 8... Connecting rod 9... Crankshaft
9a...Gear 10...Output shaft 11...Crank case cover 12...Unit injector 13...Mounting port 14...Nozzle part 15...
・Pump part 16... Nozzle 17... Combustion chamber
18... Conduit 19... Rocker arm 21.
...Intake valve 21a...Coil spring 22...Exhaust valve 2
2a...Coil spring 23.24...Rocker arm 2
5...Camshaft 25a...Gear 26.27.
...Cam 28...Button rod 31...Control rack 31a, 31b...Pin 32...Bracket 33...
... Coil spring 34 ... Breather passage 35 ... Governor lever 35
a, 35b... End 36... Rotating shaft 36a... End 37... U-shaped groove 38... Governor
38a...Slider 38b...Governor lever 39...Air cleaner 40...Intake passage 41...
- Exhaust passage 42... Muffler 43... Governor auxiliary lever 43a... Pin 44... Hole 45... Stop lever 46... Stopper part 47... Auxiliary lever 48... Bracket 49. ...Control levers 50 to 53...Arm 50a...Free end portion 51a.
...Operation knob 55.56...Stopper 57.58
...screw 59...breather valve 60...bolt Patent applicant: Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Yo Oshima - Procedural amendment (voluntary) January 28, 1985

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A unit injector provided in the cylinder head, a control rack for adjusting the injection amount of the unit injector, a governor device provided in the crankcase, and a device for interlocking the control rack with the governor device. A governor structure for a unit injector type diesel engine including a governor lever connecting the control rack and the governor device, the governor lever being received in a breather passage communicating between the cylinder head and the inside of the crankcase. The governor structure of a unit injector type diesel engine is characterized by: (2) The unit injector type diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate portion of the governor lever is rotatably supported by a portion closer to the crankcase than the cylinder head. Engine governor structure.