JPS6385644A - Toner for developing agent for electrophotograph - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare a color toner for the developing agent for electrophoto graph having high resolving power and high color reproducibility by using a colorant component comprising a dye or a pigment polymer prepd. by polymer izing a specified monomer with a dye or pigment having a polymerizable group. CONSTITUTION:A toner for a developing agent comprises a polymer of a colorant component prepd. by polymerizing a monomer as shown in the formula with a dye or pigment having a polymerizable group. Specific examples for the monomer are lauryl methacrylate,stearyl acrylate, octyl methacrylate, tridecyl acrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, or mixtures thereof. These compds. have a long chain alkyl group as X group and storing chemical affinity for aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents and disperse the particles of the dye or the pigment polymer in the liquid carrier contributing also to the fixing of the toner layer to the surface of transfer paper.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotographic developer, and is particularly characterized by improvements in its colorant.

[Prior art] All conventional toners for electrophotographic developers have relatively large particle sizes and low transparency, so when applied to multicolor electrophotography, it is difficult to handle the magenta, cyan, and yellow color layers. Selective absorption or reflection of wavelengths that should follow the laws of color development of light is inhibited, resulting in poor color balance and reduced resolution, making it impossible to create a multicolor image faithful to the original.

Also, by transferring color toner to OHP film,
When a transparent image is reproduced using an overhead projector, conventional toners have a large particle size and poor smoothness of the toner layer, resulting in low light transmittance and poor color reproduction.

[Purpose] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a color toner for an electrophotographic developer with high resolution and good color reproducibility, and
The purpose of this invention is to provide color toners with good transparency in order to improve color development on films and the like.

[Structure] The present invention provides a toner for an electrophotographic developer, characterized in that the monomer represented by the above general formula, a dye having a polymerizable group, a dye polymerized with a pigment, and a pigment polymer are used as coloring components. It is.

Specific examples of the compound of the general formula include lauryl methacrylate, stearyl acrylate, octyl methacrylate, tridecyl acrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, or mixtures thereof.

Such a compound has a long-chain alkyl group in the X group and has a strong chemical saturation power in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, thereby dispersing the pigment and dye polymer particles in the carrier liquid.

It is also a component that contributes to the fixability of the toner layer on the transfer paper.

Other specific examples of compounds of the general formula include dimethylamine ethyl methacrylate, dibutylaminoethyl methacrylate, paraaminostyrene, 4-vinylpyridine, or mixtures thereof.

Further specific examples of the general formula compound include 2,3-epoxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate,
Acrylic methacrylate, allyl glycidyl ether,
Mention may be made of paranitrostyrene or mixtures thereof.

In the latter two groups of compounds, the Y group contributes to charge control.

Dyes with polymerizable groups, such as vinyl groups, methylvinyl groups, maleic anhydride groups, pigments such as azo, quinone,
Examples include triphenylmethane-based and phenothiazine-based dyes and pigments.

Examples of azo dyes include the following.

Ru.

Examples of the CH=CH2 triphenylmethane dye include the following.

The following are examples of phenothiazine dyes: (, 11°).

Convex CH, -C=CH.

(S CH, CH.

Old- C) I3-C=CH(.

Examples of dyes having maleic anhydride groups include the following.

To prepare dyes and pigment polymers, the dyes and pigments described above are mixed with monomers of the general formula, a polymerization initiator or crosslinking agent, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon, and polymerized by heating.

In this case, the aliphatic hydrocarbons include isododecane, n-
Hexane, ligroin, isononane, isoper H, G
, L, E (manufactured by Esso Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), Shell Sol γ1 (
Examples include Shell Petroleum Ceremony) and Nrubetsso 100.

Examples will be described below.

Example 1 1000 g of isododecane was placed in a two-piece four-piece flask and heated to 90'C on an oil bath. Stearyl methacrylate 300 (], compound No.
1 and 3Q of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. 90° after monomer dripping
The polymer was further polymerized at C for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried.

A developer was prepared by dispersing polymer 309 in isododecane, and this was used to copy 0r-750 (manufactured by Ricoh).
I copied it onto Kano P film.

When the OHP film was applied to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.10 μm.

Example 2 200 g of ethanol and 800 g of isododecane were placed in a two-piece Yotsuro flask and heated to 50° C. on a hot water bath. 200g lauryl methacrylate, 1 methyl methacrylate
00g, glycidyl methacrylate 20g, compound No.
, 2 and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After monomer dripping, 50°
C for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol.

30 g of the polymer was dispersed in isododecane 1 and copied onto a 01 intermediate film in the same manner as in Example 1. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created.

The average particle diameter of the toner particles was determined to be 0.06 μm.

Example 3 Isododecane in a 2-piece Yotsuro flask iooog was taken and humidified at 90°C on an oil bath.

Stearyl methacrylate 300fJ, compound No.
50g of 3 and 3g of benzoyl peroxide from the dropping funnel.
dripped over time. After monomer dropwise addition, polymerization was carried out at 90'G for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol for purification.
Dry. 25 g of the polymer was dispersed in isododecane 1i and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When the OHP film was applied to an overhead projector, a 1q transparent image with good color reproducibility was produced.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.07 μm.

Example 4 200 ethanol in a 2i Yotsuro flask! ;1 Take 1 g of polyethylene glycol monolaurate, 50 l of water and 800 IJ of isodecane, and heat to 50°C on a hot water bath.
My mouth was damp. 200 g of lauryl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate i oog , 20 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 60 g of compound No. 4, and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After the dropwise addition, polymerization was carried out at 50'C for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Polymer 30 (J) was dispersed in isododecane and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.
When I projected it through the image, I was able to get an image with good color reproduction. The average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.09 μm.

Example 5 Styrene 300 (1, compound No. 560 g, acrylic acid 50 g, and azobisisobutyronitrile 10 (J) were placed in a two-piece separable flask and heated to 70'C.
Polymerized for hours.

The polymer was dissolved in toluene, and a dry toner having an average particle size of 2.1 μm was prepared using a spray dryer. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 6 Methyl methacrylate 50 in a 2i separable flask
0g, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 5g, compound No. 650g, isobutyl methacrylate 100 (
1. Prepare 10g of azobisisobutyronitrile at 80°C.
and polymerization for 12 hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene, granulated into powder using a spray dryer, and the average particle size was 1.
00 μm dry toner was prepared. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4030 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 7 Styrene 3009, 15 g of divinylbenzene, 725 g of compound No., 150 g of acrylic, and 10 jJ of azobisisobutyronitrile were placed in a parapet flask, heated to 70° C., and polymerized for 10 hours. Dissolve the polymer in toluene and use a spray dryer to reduce the average particle size to 2.0μ.
A dry toner of m was prepared. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 8 Methyl methacrylate s was added to the separable flask of 29.
oog, Compound No. 850 g, isobutyl methacrylate 100C1, and azobisisobutyronitrile 10 g were charged, heated to 80° C., and polymerized for 12 hours. Dissolve the polymer in toluene, granulate it with a spray dryer,
A dry toner having an average particle size of 0.70 μm was prepared. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4030 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 9 1000 g of isododecane was placed in a two-piece four-piece flask and heated to 90'C on an oil bath. Stearyl methacrylate 300i; ], Compound No.
, 11 (50) and 3 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour.

The monomer was added dropwise, and polymerization was further carried out at 90'C for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried. Polymer 5
09 was dispersed in one portion of isododecane and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When the OHP film was applied to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was O, Oa μm.

Example 10 In a two-piece Yotsuro flask, add 20 g of ethanol, 10 g of lauryl oleate, 100 g of water, and 800 g of isododecane.
! 11 was taken and heated to 50°C on a hot water bath. Uryl methacrylate 200c+, methyl methacrylate io
og, glycidyl methacrylate 20g, compound No.
12 and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour.

After the dropwise addition, polymerization was carried out at 50° C. for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Polymer 30 () was dispersed in isododecane and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created. The average particle size of toner particles is 0
．． It was 12 μm.

Example 11 Isododecane in a 2-piece Yotsuro flask 10009 was taken and heated to 90°C on an oil bath.

150 g of stearyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate 1509, and 50 g of compound No. 13.

3 g of benzoyl peroxide was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After dropping the monomer, polymerization was carried out at 90°C for 6 hours,
The polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried. 50g of the polymer was mixed with isododecane 19. and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1. That OH
When I put the P film through an overhead projector, I got 1q of transparent images with good color reproduction. Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.10 μm.

Example 12 100g of ethanol (100g of 1-butanol) and 800g of isododecane (J) were placed in a two-piece Yotsuro flask and heated to 50'C on a hot water bath. Lauryl methacrylate 2009
, 100 g of methyl methacrylate, 20 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 30 g of compound No. 14, and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over a period of 1 hour. After dropping the monomers, polymerization was carried out at 50° C. for 20 hours, and the polymer was dissolved in methanol. Polymer 30 () was dispersed in one portion of isododecane, and OHP was applied in the same manner as in Example 1.
Copied onto commercial film. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created.

The average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.10 μm.

Example 13 Styrene 300 (], glycyl methacrylate 30 (], Compound No. 1510) were placed in a parapet flask.
0 g, acrylic [50 (1), 10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were charged, heated to 70'C, and polymerized for 10 hours.

The polymer was dissolved in toluene, and a dry toner having an average particle size of 1.3 μm was prepared using a spray dryer. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Ricopy F-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 14 500 g of methacrylate was placed in a 2i paraple flask,
10 g of acrylic acid, 1650 g of compound No., ioog of isobutyl methacrylate, and 10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were charged, heated to 80'C, and polymerized for 12 hours. The Φ compound was dissolved in toluene and dried using a spray dryer to prepare a dry toner having an average particle size of 0.88 μm.

Using this toner, 0[
When it was copied onto IP film and exposed to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility of 1q was produced.

Example 15 In a paraple flask, put 2 pieces of styrene 300 (] 1 divinylbenzene 3 (), compound No., 173 og,
Acrylic acid 5 og, azobisisobutyronitrile 10
(l) was heated to 70°C and polymerized for 10 hours. The polymerized product was dissolved in toluene and a dry toner with an average particle size of 1.8 μm was prepared using a spray dryer. Using this toner, Lycopy-FT When the image was copied onto an OHP film at -4060 and exposed to an overhead projector, a 1q transparent image with good color reproducibility was produced.

Example 16 Methyl methacrylate 50 in a 2-liter separable flask
0tJ, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 10g,
50 g of Compound No. 18, 100 g of isobutyl methacrylate, and 10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were charged, heated to 80° C., and polymerized for 12 hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene and granulated into powder using a spray dryer to produce a dry toner having an average particle size of 0.90 μm. When this toner was used to copy onto 0) IP film using a Recopy FT-4030 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 17 Isododecane 1000 (] was placed in a 2C1 Yotsuro flask and heated to 90°C on an oil bath. Stearyl methacrylate 300jj, Compound No. 23, 50g
, 3 g of benzoyl peroxide was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour.

After the dropwise addition, polymerization was further carried out at 90° C. for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried. Polymer 30
(1) was dispersed in isododecane 1 and copied onto 011P film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When the OHP film was applied to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was determined to be 0.10 fim.

Example 18 200 q of ethanol and 800 g of isododecane were placed in a two-piece four-piece flask and heated to 50'C on a hot water bath. 200 g of lauryl methacrylate, ioog of methyl methacrylate, 20 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 30 g of compound No. 24, and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After dropping Nanatsumar, 5
The mixture was incubated at 0'C for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Disperse 25Cl of the polymer in one portion of isododecane,
It was copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created. The average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.13 μm.

Example 19 Isododecane in a 2-piece Yotsuro flask 1000 (]) and heated to 90°C on an oil bath.

Stearyl methacrylate 300 (J, 6 g of styrene glycol dimethacrylate, compound No. 25 to 50
g, and 3 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After dropping the solution, polymerization was carried out at 90'C for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried. 20 g of the polymer was dispersed in one portion of isododecane and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When the OHP film was exposed to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.03 μm.

Example 20 200 flJ of water, 10 g of sorbitan monooleate, and 800 g of isododecane were placed in a four-sided flask and heated to 50'C on a hot water bath. lauryl methacrylate 2
00g, 100g of methyl methacrylate, 20g of glycidyl methacrylate, 3g of methacrylate, compound No.
20 g of No. 26 and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After dropping monomer, 50℃
The mixture was polymerized for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Polymer 20c+ was dispersed in isododecane and copied onto a 011P film in the same manner as in Example 1. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created.

The average particle diameter of the toner particles is 0.10. It was czm.

Example 21 Styrene 300 (), glycidyl methacrylate 309, compound No. 27 30 in a bulk flask
g, acrylic acid 50 (J), and azobisisobutyronitrile 10 (J) were charged, heated to 70°C, and polymerized for 10 hours.

The polymer was dissolved in toluene, and a dry toner having an average particle size of 2.4 μm was prepared using a spray dryer. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 22 Methyl methacrylate 50 in a parapet flask
0(], Compound No., 2880g, Isobutyl methacrylate 100g, Azobisisobutyronitrile 10(
] was charged, heated to 80'C, and polymerized for 12 hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene and granulated into powder using a spray dryer to prepare a dry toner having an average particle size of 2.5 μm. Using this toner, 011P with Recopy FT-4030
When the image was copied onto film and exposed to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 23 In a two-piece separable flask, 300 g of styrene, tristyrene glycol trimethacrylate 6 (1, compound N
O, 29,100 g, acrylic acid 50 (J), 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate 50 g, and azobisisobutyronitrile 10 g were charged, humidified at 70°C, and polymerized for 10 hours. The polymerized product was dissolved in toluene and dried using a spray dryer. A dry toner with an average particle size of 5.0 .mu.m was prepared using this toner.Using this toner, copies were made onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060, and when the images were applied to an overhead projector, transparent images with good color reproducibility were obtained.

Example 24 Methyl methacrylate 50 in a 2-liter separable flask
0g, lauryl methacrylate 50 (], compound No.
3,030 g of isobutyl methacrylate, ioog of isobutyl methacrylate, and 10 fJ of azobisisobutyronitrile were charged, heated to 80° C., and polymerized for 12 hours.

The polymer was dissolved in toluene and granulated into powder using a spray dryer to produce a dry toner having an average particle size of 4.6 μm.

Using this toner, OHP with Recopy FT-4030
When the image was copied onto film and exposed to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 25 Iooog of isododecane was placed in a 2i four-frame flask and heated to 90'C on an oil bath. Stearyl methacrylate 300 (], compound No.
50 g of No. 36 and 3 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the inner funnel over 1 hour. After dropping Nanatsumar, 90℃
The mixture was further polymerized for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried.

30 g of the polymer was dispersed in one portion of isododecane and copied onto a 011P film in the same manner as in Example 1. When the 011P film was exposed to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.05 μm.

Example 26 200 g of ethanol and 800 (J) of isododecane were placed in a two-piece four-piece flask and heated to 50'C on a hot water bath.

200 g of lauryl methacrylate, ioog methyl methacrylate, 20 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 35 g of compound No. 37, and 5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 1 hour. After dropping Nanatsuma,
Polymerization was carried out at 50° C. for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Polymer 30 () is dispersed in isododecane 1i,
It was copied onto a 011P film in the same manner as in Example 1. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created. The average particle diameter of the toner particles was set to 0.09 μm.

Example 27 Isopar H in a 2-piece Yotsuro flask iooog was taken and heated to 90'C on an oil bath.

Stearyl methacrylate 300g, compound No. 3
50g of 8 and 3g of benzoyl peroxide from the dropping funnel.
dripped over time. Monomer) ^ Post-mortem, 90'C
The mixture was polymerized for 6 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol, purified, and dried. Polymer 30() is converted into isovert 119.
and copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1.

When the OHP film was applied to an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Further, the average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.04 μm.

Example 28 200g of ethanol (J sorbitan monooleate 10()) 1 40g of water and Isopar H8 in 2 Yotsuro flasks
00! ;1 was taken and heated to 50°C on a hot water bath. Lauryl methacrylate 200 (1), methyl methacrylate 100 (1), glycidyl methacrylate 20 g, compound No. 39 (50 g), and benzoyl peroxide 5 g were added dropwise from the dropping funnel over a period of 1 hour. After the dropwise addition,
Polymerization was carried out at 50° C. for 20 hours, and the polymer was precipitated in methanol. Disperse 20g of the polymer in Isopar H19,
It was copied onto an OHP film in the same manner as in Example 1. When this was projected using an overhead projector, an image with good color reproduction was created. The average particle diameter of the toner particles was 0.10 μm.

Example 29 29. Place styrene 300[], methacrylic acid 10(], compound No., 4035g, acrylic (y5og), azobisisobutyronitrile 10[] in a paraple flask.
g was charged, heated to 70°C, and polymerized for 10 hours.

The polymer was dissolved in toluene, and a dry toner having an average particle size of 3.0 μm was prepared using a spray dryer. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 30 Methyl methacrylate 50% in 2 separable flasks
0g, divinylbenzene 2g, compound No. 4150q
, 100 g of isobutyl methacrylate and 10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were heated to 80°C, and 12
Polymerized for hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene and granulated into powder using a spray dryer to produce a dry toner having an average particle size of 1.4 μm. Using this toner, Recopy FT-4
When the image was copied onto a 011P film using 030 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 31 In a two-piece separable flask, 300 g of styrene, 50 p of vinyltoluene, 4215 g of compound No. 1, 50 g of acrylic acid, and 10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile were charged, heated to 70'C, and polymerized for 10 hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene and dried with a spray dryer to reduce the average particle size to 0.
A 70 μm dry toner was prepared. When this toner was used to copy onto an OHP film using a Recopy FT-4060 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

Example 32 Methyl methacrylate 50% in 2 separable flasks
0g, chlorstyrene 10g, compound No., 4320g
, 100 g of isobutyl methacrylate and 10 CI of azobisisobutyronitrile were heated to 80°C.
Polymerization was carried out for 2 hours. The polymer was dissolved in toluene and granulated into powder using a spray dryer to produce a dry toner having an average particle size of 0.60 μm. Using this toner, Recopy F
When the image was copied onto an OHP film using a T-4030 and an overhead projector, a transparent image with good color reproducibility was obtained.

[Effect] In the liquid developer of the present invention, the toner is 0, 01 to 0
．． It is dispersed in the form of ultrafine particles of about 5 μm (passing through even the finest 0.25 μm filter paper), and the polymer that forms the toner has a strong chemical bond with pigment or dye particles, so it cannot be used with conventional resins or dye particles. There are no adverse effects such as sedimentation or aggregation due to desorption of fats and oils, and uniform dispersibility and clear polarity are maintained over a long period of 12 months or more. Since such toners are ultrafine particles, electrostatic photographic reproduction images with high resolution and no edge effect can be obtained regardless of the charging method, such as chargeless or soft charge. In addition, since the toner has high transparency and ultra-fine particles, it is especially suitable for cyan, magenta,
White light is selectively absorbed or reflected in each yellow color layer faithfully in accordance with the law of color development, forming a color image with excellent color balance and faithful to the original.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A dye having a monomer represented by the following general formula and a polymerizable group,
A toner for an electrophotographic developer, characterized in that the coloring component is a dye or pigment polymer polymerized with a pigment. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ However, X: -COOC_nH_2_n_+_1 {n=
7～16} -CONH_2, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼,
▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ [R: ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼, ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼] CnH_2_n_+_1 {n=1 ~12} -COOC_mH_2_m+N(C_m'H_2_m'
＿＋＿１）＿２{m=2～5m′=1～8} -COOC_2H_4OH, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼, ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ , ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼{n=1~6}, Y:H, CH_3