JPS638511B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pattern recognition device for detecting operation commands particularly for wristwatches, etc., in which a plurality of sensor terminals arranged on an input terminal board are scanned by touching them with a fingertip. This method attempts to give handwritten operation commands.

Conventionally, the input means for wristwatches were mostly push buttons and keyboards, but Alphabet A~
Inputting Z, numbers, movement commands, etc. requires a large number of key buttons, making it difficult to put this into practical use as a wristwatch. Therefore, if you draw a letter or symbol on the top glass of your watch with your fingertip, it will be recognized as a character or command input, respectively.
You can also search for various keys in the keyboard space,
This also eliminates the need for pushing. There are two types of devices that can use handwritten input. One type is a device that does not require recognition of handwritten characters or numbers, but only needs to detect command input and operate. This is equivalent to an electric translator. In this case, a command input pattern can be determined by the combination of sensor terminals arranged on the input terminal board, and the same shape as that pattern can be input by hand to the sensor terminals on the input terminal board to perform any command operation. I can make it happen. The other type is a device that requires the recognition of handwritten characters and numbers, such as a phone number memo clock, in which the operator inputs commands or inputs characters. "Command input pattern" by handwritten input,
``Characters, numbers, ``+'' and ``-'' using the same handwritten input
"General symbol patterns such as" must be determined separately. However, the "side" of the special symbol that makes up the command input and the "side" that makes up the letters, numbers, and general symbols are the same as long as the sensor terminals on the same input terminal board are used, so the two should be distinguished and commanded. It becomes extremely difficult to operate only inputs preferentially. Priority operations for command input include specifying the display position of a character before drawing it, erasing the display when a character is drawn by mistake, and marking the end of a character when one character is drawn. Refers to operations such as inputting a command and starting a character shape determination circuit based on that command. All of these operations are
A decision circuit separate from the decision circuit for recognizing glyphs must take out only the command input with the highest priority and cause the command operation to be performed. Therefore, special symbols used for command input must have features that can be immediately identified as one command input after drawing, that is, features that can be clearly distinguished from the next consecutive command or character input. It must also be a symbol that has a certain meaning of the operation to make it convenient for input operations. Examples of special symbols for command input used in the present invention, including their meanings, are distinguished from letters, numbers, and general symbols by the double input signal, and the operation is determined by the position or shape of the double input signal. It is designed to represent the content. However, the special symbol used in this example is just an example, and basically any special symbol that is not included in the letters, numbers, and general symbols used in the device may be used, and the special symbol can be recognized. If it is possible to do so, the commanded operation can be performed. However, depending on how the special symbols are set, the operation may become complicated or the circuit configuration may become complicated.

As described above, one object of the present invention is to input a handwritten pattern to a plurality of sensor terminals, thereby distinguishing the handwritten pattern and causing a command operation to be performed.

Another object of the present invention is to transform the handwritten pattern into
Special patterns that are not found in letters, numbers, and general symbols, such as double point input, edge input, and combinations of edge input, can be distinguished from letters, numbers, and general symbols, and commanded actions can be performed. be.

A detailed explanation will be given below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a top view of a wristwatch showing a part of the structure of the present invention, where 1 is a case, 2 is a top glass, 3 is a gasket, and 4 is a band. This provides waterproofing and insulation.
In the gap, sensor terminals 11 to 1 are inserted as shown in the figure.
9 is placed. These sensor terminals 11
~19 is case 1 due to contact with fingertips, etc.
It is configured so that the sensor terminals are grounded according to the order of the letters drawn by the fingertips. Therefore, these sensor terminals 11 to 19
However, by detecting the order in which they are grounded, it is possible to determine the drawn character shape.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 1 showing the state in which the sensor terminal is attached, and shows the center sensor terminal 1.
5 has a hole in the center of the upper glass 2 and is taken out to the outside by a metal terminal 15A, and the surrounding sensor terminal 11 is connected to the case 1 by a gasket 3.
It is insulated from the top glass and taken out to the outside by a metal vapor-deposited wire 11A from the second side of the upper glass. The metal vapor-deposited wires 11A and 22 are connected to terminals 29 and 30 of the circuit board 27 by springs 25 and 26. As shown in FIG. 1, there are eight ambient sensor terminals 11, each of which is independently connected to the circuit board 27. As is clear from this figure, each sensor terminal is insulated from the case 1 which is grounded, and when a fingertip touches it, it is grounded to the case 1 via the human body and the input order of the character is changed to the circuit board 2.
It seems that it is given to 7.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram in which sensor point inputs are configured as sensor side inputs in order to determine character shape detection as a side input, which is a part of the present invention. 11~
Reference numeral 19 denotes nine sensor point inputs, and when each point input position is connected with a straight line to an adjacent point input position, side inputs 41 to 68 shown in the figure are obtained. There are 28 side inputs 41 to 68, and by using these side inputs, the 26 alphanumeric characters, numbers, general symbols, etc. can be easily expressed. An example is shown in FIG.

Figure 4 is a diagram of the character shapes E, G, B, and Q according to the method shown in Figure 3 using nine sensor terminals.
is in the ON state as the fingertip passes through it, and the shape of the letter cannot be determined just by the combination of ON and OFF sensor terminals. However, when identified by edge input, for characters E and G, character G has the edge input 6 shown in Figure 3.
2, character B has side inputs 55, 57, character Q has side inputs 62, 58, and so on, character shapes E, G, B, and Q have side inputs 41 to 41 shown in FIG. 68 makes it possible to discriminate. Moreover, the glyph patterns that are registered in the memory circuit in order to distinguish each glyph shape only need to register the different parts of the side input for each glyph, and only detect whether or not that side input was received. The capacity of the memory circuit can be very small, and the number of discrimination steps and time required for discrimination can be reduced.

FIG. 5 is a glyph diagram in which the pattern recognition portion registered in the memory circuit in the glyph shown in FIG. 4 is shown with solid lines. For character E, side inputs 68, 67,
64 is registered, and for the character G, side input 4
5, 67, 62, for glyph B, side input 67, 6
4, 56, 57, for the character Q, side inputs 45, 5
5,62 are registered. Each registered edge input has features unique to its glyph shape, which are determined by the interrelationship of all alphabets and numeric glyph shapes. For example, when drawing a glyph G, it can be distinguished from the glyph E by the presence of the side input 62, from the glyph B by the absence of the side input 57, and from the glyph Q by the presence of the side input 55. They can be distinguished from each other by their absence. Therefore, as mentioned above, the glyph pattern to be registered in the memory circuit only needs to be the side input of a part of the glyph, that is, the characteristic part of the glyph that is not present in other glyphs, and handwriting input can only be performed on that characteristic part. It would be good to compare it with.
As a result, the effects are a reduction in memory capacity and a faster comparison time.

In this way, the method of registering only the characteristic parts of each character shape in the memory circuit and making judgments is not limited to the edge input method adopted in this example for convenience of explanation, but also the method explained in Figs. 3 and 4. A point input method may also be used.
However, in order to accurately distinguish character shapes, it is necessary to increase the number of sensor terminals or to register the order of strokes drawn on the sensor terminals in a memory circuit.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram and a block diagram of a character shape determination circuit that takes the character "G" in FIG. 5 as an example and shows the process of converting the sensor terminal input waveform into side input and comparing it with the memory circuit. , waveform diagram when touching the sensor terminal with a fingertip, 13F, 12
F, 11F are the waveforms of the respective sensor terminals, 113
is a flip-flop output waveform that is triggered by the sensor terminal waveform 13F and turned off by the delay time 112D of the sensor terminal waveform 12F;
Similarly, 112 is a flip-flop output waveform that is triggered by the sensor terminal waveform 12F and turned off by the delay time 111D of the sensor terminal waveform 11F, and 111 is the flip-flop output waveform that is triggered by the sensor terminal waveform 11F.
The flip-flop output waveform triggered by F. The trailing edges of waveforms 113 and 112 are diagonal lines 1
The parts indicated by 3.12 and 12.11 are waveform 1, respectively.
Overlapping with 12 and 111, sensor terminal waveform, 13F and 12F, and sensor terminal waveform 12F
This shows that 11F and 11F were input in succession. That is, the point input of the sensor terminal is converted to a side input, and the diagonal lines 13 and 12 can be treated as side inputs 51 indicated by the same numbers in FIG. 3, and the diagonal lines 12 and 11 can be treated as side inputs 45. The waveform 130 is a combination of these side input waveforms using an OR gate, and is input to the handwriting input register 140 as shown in the figure.
Start from the beginning. Of course, the side input 51 is stored as a converted code, such as bit 0001 and side input 45 as bit 0101, as shown in the figure. On the other hand, the memory circuit 141 includes, for example, the side input characteristic portions 45, 6 of the character G shown in FIG.
7 and 62 are converted into bit codes and stored, and at the same time when one character of handwritten input is completed, whether the characteristic part 45 of the character G exists in the handwriting input register 140, and if it exists, the characteristic part 6
7, 62, and so on are compared by the comparator circuit 150. If all side input bit codes exist, at least the conditions for the shape G are satisfied, and the "character shape" in FIG. It is determined that it is not EBQ.

Figure 7 shows uppercase alphanumeric characters and numbers,
This is another example of application of FIG. 5, in which characteristic parts of general symbols and the like are represented by solid lines. The edge input, which is a characteristic part of these, is as explained in Fig. 6.
Each character has unique characteristics and is composed of combinations that are not found in other characters. In addition, some of the glyphs shown in this figure are the same character shown in various shapes, and in response to the way people draw them, the characters are correctly identified no matter which shape they are drawn. It is registered in the memory circuit. The several dotted lines of one character shown in this figure have no relation to character shape discrimination, regardless of which route they take, and can be processed as a human habit of character shape. Although not shown in this figure, lowercase letters of the alphabet, foreign languages other than English letters, kana, hiragana, kanji, etc. can also be created using similar methods, using only the features that other characters do not have. It is possible to determine.

In FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the explanation is based on character shape recognition, but it is also possible to use the results of character shape recognition as command operations. For example, if you draw the characters "D, C", "DISPIAY"
If you use "CHANGE" to switch the display and draw the letters "N, M", you can call the next mode using "NEXT MODE".
However, this method is limited to conventional devices such as wristwatches and electronic translators, and in order to perform both glyph memorization and command movement by handwritten input, the command input pattern shown in Figure 7 is required. The pattern must be absent from any feature of the glyph. This is shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an example of a command input pattern of the present invention, which is applied to a telephone memo watch. 1 in the figure is a right shift command, indicating that the sensor terminal 19 is tapped twice in succession to shift the character writing position to the right.
2 indicates a left shift command, in which the sensor terminal 17 is tapped twice in succession, and the character writing position is shifted to the left. 3 moves the displayed line up with the line UP command, and 4 moves the displayed line down with the line DOWN command. 5 is a cancellation command, which indicates that the side input 53 is drawn twice in succession to erase errors in handwritten characters. 6 is a one line spacing command, side input 42,5
Indicates that 3, 42 should be drawn consecutively, and 1 is handwritten.
You can insert lines. 7 is a one-line filling command, which indicates to draw consecutively with edge inputs 46, 50, and 46, erases the one line to be removed, and moves the lower line to the top. 8 is a line swap command and sensor terminal 1
Indicates that input is given to 5 and 13 at the same time, and the upper and lower rows are swapped. 9 is a glyph acceptance command, indicating that inputs are given to sensor terminals 11, 12, 14, and 15 at the same time, and all glyph inputs entered after this symbol are made into command operations. To give an example, the 8th
If you input "DIS3" after inputting the command in Figure 9,
It can be replaced with a command input such as "call and display the third line". In other words, it is possible to create a large number of easy-to-remember command inputs by using a special command input and using the determination result of the glyph input as a new command input. The command input pattern examples shown in Fig. 8 are all composed of different types of patterns from the letters, numbers, and general symbols shown in Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 1 to 4 are double point input, 8. Figures 5 to 7 are constructed by double side input, and Figures 8 and 9 are constructed by simultaneous input. None of these patterns are used in the glyph and symbol patterns shown in Figure 7, and at the same time a command is input, a double input or simultaneous input detection circuit is used to distinguish glyph shapes. They can be processed separately, and once the contents of the commands are recognized, the glyph recognition circuit can be started after these command operations are completed. In addition, the command input shown in Figure 8 can be made into a symbol that has some meaning attached to the operation. For example, tapping the lower right in Figure 8 1 shifts to the right, and tapping the lower left in Figure 8 2. They are designed to be convenient for operation by making them related to each other, such as tapping to shift to the left and tapping the top in Figure 8 (3) to move up.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a command operation generating circuit common to double point inputs 1 to 4 in FIG. 8, and describes the case where the sensor terminal 19 in FIG. 8 is tapped twice. The sensor terminal 19 is connected to a CMOS amplification circuit 121 and hung to V _DD by a resistor 123 . When the fingertip 125 touches the sensor terminal 19,
The input terminal 128 is grounded to the ground 127 through the human body, and a voltage drop occurs at the input terminal 128 due to the resistor 123. 130 and 131 are protection diodes that protect against static electricity from the human body or clothing that is applied to the sensor terminal.
Protects CMOS121. The output 19F of the CMOS 121 is input to a one-shot FF 162, shaped into a rectangular wave, and appears as an output 164.
When the sensor terminal 19 is tapped twice with the fingertip 125, the waveform of the output 164 becomes a double waveform as shown in the waveform 166, which is counted by the counters 170 and 171 to generate one pulse of the right shift signal 176. The counters 170 and 172 are reset by the inputs 178 of the sensor terminals 11 to 18 so that this one pulse waveform 176 is generated only when the sensor terminal 19 is tapped twice in succession.
It is designed so that the count does not work when inputting glyphs. When the right shift signal 176 is generated, its output is connected to the counter 17 by the reset line 180.
0,172 is cleared and the state waits for the next right shift signal. Right shift signal 176 can also be obtained by connecting the outputs of counters 170 and 172 with an AND gate. Since this right shift signal generation circuit is prepared separately from the character shape determination circuit shown in FIG. 6, by generating this signal, character shape determination and other controls can be performed.

FIG. 10 is an example of a command operation generation circuit common to the double side inputs 5 to 7 in FIG.
This section explains the case of double-edge input of "Line spacing". As shown in FIG. 86, the trajectory of the sensor terminals corresponding to this side input is the sensor terminals 11 and 1.
They are drawn in the order of 5, 13, 11, 15. Therefore,
Although a process similar to that of the character shape discriminating circuit shown in FIG. 6 is also possible, a dot sequential circuit system will be described here. In FIG. 10, sensor terminal 11,
The inputs of 15 and 13 are respectively amplified by amplifying circuits 201 to 203 similar to those shown in FIG.
Molded with FF211-213. The output of the one shot type FF211 is set to the D type FF221,
One input 223 of the AND gate 225 is turned ON. If the next fingertip input is given to the sensor terminal 15, the AND gate 225 turns ON and sets the next stage D-type FF 226, but if the next fingertip input is given to the sensor terminals 11 to 14 and 16 to 19, the FF 221 is ORed. It is reset by gate 227, and the output of AND gate 225 also does not appear.
Therefore, FF 226 is set only when the permutation of sensor terminal inputs is handwritten on terminals 11 and 15 consecutively. Similarly, FF2
The output of 26 is sent to the next stage D only when the input is input to the sensor terminal 13 by the AND gate 228.
Set the type FF230, and the sensor terminal input is 1.
1 to 12 or 14 to 19, the FF 226 is reset by the OR gate 232,
The output of AND gate 228 also does not appear. Therefore,
FF230 is set to sensor terminal 1.
This is only true when inputting 1, 15, and 13 consecutively and in this order. Similarly, D type FF2
40,244 is set, and the output 2 of FF244
50, the input order of the sensor terminals is the sensor terminal permutation 11, 15, 13, 11, as shown in FIG.
It appears only in the case of 15, and this becomes the "one line gap" command operation pulse. The next AND gate 256 receives the command input 248 for "one row apart" and an OR gate 254 which has the one-shot outputs of the sensor terminals 13, 16, and 19 as inputs. Therefore,
When the sensor terminals 13, 16, and 19 in FIG.
This allows you to change the command "1 line gap" to "x line gap"
It is also possible to convert it into an instruction. At this time,
FF244 has sensor terminal inputs 11, 12, 14,
It seems to be reset only by 15, 17, and 18.
The inputs of OR gate 238 must be configured as shown. As in Figure 9, this "one line gap" signal generation circuit is prepared separately from the character shape determination circuit in Figure 6, so the generation of this signal completes the preparatory operation before starting character shape determination. I can do it.

FIG. 11 shows an example of a command operation generating circuit that can be used for the simultaneous inputs 8 and 9 in FIG. 8, and describes the case of simultaneous input of "character shape acceptance" in FIG. 9.
As shown in Figure 8-9, sensor terminals 11, 1
Sensor terminals 2, 14, and 15 are located close to each other, and are in a position where they can be touched simultaneously with a fingertip without touching other sensor terminals. In Figure 11, sensor terminal 1
The simultaneous inputs of 1, 12, 14, and 15 are respectively amplified by amplifying circuits 271 to 274 similar to those shown in FIG. A command pulse 294 is generated at output 292 only when . This pulse 294 is the next D-type FF 296
is set, and based on this output pulse 297, the side input input from the sensor terminal is subsequently determined as a character shape, for example, "DIS3" as explained in FIG. 8 and 9.
It is now possible to create a new "command input using glyphs" as shown in the figure below. This "command input using glyphs"
When the command operation is completed, the FF 296 is reset by the reset input 300. FF296
When setting the sensor terminals 11, 12, 1
In order to prevent it from being set if your fingertip touches anything other than 4 and 15, connect the one shot output of sensor terminals 13, 16 to 19 to the reset input 30 of FF296.
This is achieved by setting it to 0. By the method shown in this figure, it is possible to independently know that the sensor terminal input is a command input, and it is possible to complete the command operation and wait for the next handwritten character input.

As described above, the configuration of the present invention is to generate command pulses by a combination of an input terminal board in which a plurality of sensor input terminals are arranged for pattern input, and a pattern drawn by passing through the sensor terminals. The command pulse is generated from multiple consecutive point inputs to the same sensor terminal, multiple consecutive side inputs to the side formed by the sensor terminal, or simultaneous input to multiple sensor terminals. Therefore, the input terminal board can also be used as a means of inputting letters, numbers, and general symbols.
It is configured.

The present invention can be used in wristwatches, clocks, pocket watches, calculators, calculators, telephone memo devices, etc., and does not require a large number of key buttons, but can be used to input arbitrary commands or character shapes by hand. This made it possible to implement it, and its effects are huge.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a top view of a wristwatch showing a part of the configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side input configuration consisting of the sensor terminals of FIG. 4 is a glyph diagram with the configuration shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a glyph diagram showing the characteristic parts of the glyph shown in FIG. 7 is a glyph diagram in which the method of Fig. 5 is applied to other glyph shapes, and Figs. 8 1 to 9 are
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a command input pattern of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the command operation generating circuit of FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the command operation generating circuit shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. Fig. 11 shows Fig. 8 8,
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a command operation generation circuit of No. 9; 11-19...sensor terminal, 41-68...
Side input, 121, 201, 271...Width increase circuit,
162,281,211...Oneshot FF,
221,296...D type FF, 176,250,
260, 294, 297... command pulse.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 At least nine sensor terminals to be placed on the input terminal board, a memory circuit configured in advance with only characteristic parts of numbers and letters, and numbers and letters drawn by tracing the sensor terminals at the positions of the sensor terminals. A handwriting input register that stores input signals; a character shape determination circuit that sequentially compares the contents of the handwriting input register and the memory circuit to determine numbers and characters; and a command operation signal that is generated by operating the sensor terminal. 1. A pattern recognition device comprising: a command operation generation circuit.