JPS6383582A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the flow passageway resistance of the internal structural member of an intermediate cylinder, in which a pressure loss is large, remarkably through the passageway of the exhaust steam of a turbine, by a method wherein two pieces of columns are arranged so as to be contacted with each other in order to constitute the configuration of the section of an internal supporting structure along the flow direction of the steam so as to have the shape of aerofoil substantially. CONSTITUTION:Steam S, which has performed an expansion work in a turbine, flows into the cylinder 1 of a condenser through an intermediate cylinder 8 and is condensed into condensed water CW by effecting heat exchange between cooling tubes 3 filled with cooling water. Most of the pressure of the steam S is lost in the intermediate cylinder. In order to reduce the pressure loss and form the configuration of a section along the flow of fluid (steam) S so as to have the shape of an aerofoil substantially, the structure 9, arranged orthogonally to the flow of fluid, among the internal supporting structures 9, 9' of the intermediate cylinder, is constituted so that two pieces of columns are arranged along the flow of the fluid so as to be contacted with each other. When the columns are arranged so as to be contacted with each other and the configuration of the section along the flow of the fluid is formed so as to have the shape of an aerofoil substantially, the flow passageway resistance thereof may be reduced remarkably at all times compared with the case, in which one piece of the column is arranged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention is applied to condensers, and is used in the technical field of reducing the flow path resistance of internal structural members of intermediate shells that have a large pressure loss in steam passages. .

Conventional technology Condensers are structures that receive external pressure, and large condensers are usually box-shaped, so there are support members (h), sprockets (h) inside. A cylindrical pipe is used.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The steam inlet section of the condenser (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate shell) serves as a passage for high-speed steam exiting the turbine. In addition to reinforcing members for the intermediate shell, a bleed water feed water heater is often installed in this passage in order to reduce the size of the turbine building and use it more effectively, and the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust steam in this area is large, causing performance problems. ing.

Furthermore, the pressure loss of turbine exhaust steam varies depending on the shape and arrangement of the internal structures.

In order to improve plant performance, it is necessary to minimize pressure loss due to internal structures.

Furthermore, as plants become larger, the number of bleed feed water heaters installed in the intermediate shell used to be one or two in order to save space in the turbine building, but in recent years the number has increased to four in total in two stages. One of the keys to improving plant efficiency is how to reduce the pressure loss in the cage.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention takes the following measures in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, in order to reduce pressure loss of steam in the intermediate body of the condenser, the condenser is configured such that the cross-sectional shape of the internal support structure along the flow direction is substantially streamlined.

Effect When the above-mentioned substantially streamlined cross-sectional shape is realized as a configuration in which two cylinders are arranged in contact with each other, the flow path resistance C
9 is arranged so that each cylinder is in contact with the other.

ΔP=C9×(γV'/2/g) As can be seen from the above equation, the pressure loss increases or decreases in proportion to C9. Here, ΔP: pressure loss, Cp: drag coefficient, γ: specific weight of fluid, ■=flow velocity, g: acceleration of gravity.

By means of upper air, the pressure loss of the steam can therefore be reduced.

Example Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

The structure of the condenser is 1a, lb, lc, ld
As shown in the figure.

The steam S that has undergone turbine expansion work flows into the condenser shell 1 through the intermediate shell 8 and condenses into condensate CW by exchanging heat with the cooling pipe 3 filled with cooling water. Most of the pressure of the steam S is lost in the intermediate barrel. In order to reduce this, the structure 9' of the internal playing rod support structure 9.9' of the intermediate body, which is placed at right angles to the fluid, is connected to the fluid (steam) S.
In order to have a substantially streamlined cross-sectional shape along the flow, two cylinders were arranged in contact with each other along the flow.

This situation is shown as a support structure 9' in FIG. 1C, which is an enlarged perspective view of section A in FIG. 1a.

In addition, the code 2.2' is the tube plate, 4.4' is the cooling water chamber, 5 is the condensate reservoir, 6 is the cooling pipe support plate, 7.7' is the water chamber side, C
1 indicates condensate water, and W indicates cooling water.

This effect will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4a, 4b, and 2.

In FIG. 4a, the vertical axis shows the flow path resistance (C0), and the horizontal axis shows the distance between cylinders/cylinder diameter (x/d). Curve a shows the case where the columns or supporting structures 9' are separated one by one and have a diameter of d and a distance of X, as shown in FIG. 4b. The curved line shows the case where two cylinders (supporting structures 9') each having a diameter of d are arranged in contact with each other and the distance between adjacent cylinders is X, as shown in FIG. Note that this data is d=
This is data when the distance is 100mm.

Therefore, as can be seen from the comparison of curve a1b, when two cylinders (support structures) are arranged in tandem with each other and the cross-sectional shape along the flow is approximately streamlined (curve b), the x/d Regardless of the value, the flow path resistance can always be significantly lowered than in the case of one cylinder (curve a).

The spacing between the support structures 9' is the same as in the conventional case, and the flow path resistance is sufficiently reduced. Further, since it is sufficient that the strength is the same as when there is only one support structure 9', the flow path resistance can be further reduced by reducing the outer diameter of the support structure and forming two of them in contact with each other.

Further, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 uses a line pipe (pipe with an elliptical cross section) instead of the two cylinders described above, and exhibits the same effect as above.

A third embodiment shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b shows a case where an oil/air water heater IO is installed inside the intermediate body 8. In this bleed water heater 10, the steam S loses most of its pressure. In order to reduce this, the bleed air feed water heater 1
Internal support structure of the intermediate body adjacent to 0 9.9', 9''
Of these, 9' and 9'' placed at right angles to the fluid have a combination structure of two along the flow as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the flow path resistance of the internal structural material of the intermediate shell, which has a large pressure loss, in the passage of turbine exhaust steam, compared to the conventional type, and as a result, plant efficiency is improved. improves.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows the structure of a condenser which is the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 1a is a front view of this condenser, Fig. lb is a side view thereof, and Fig. 1C is the same as Fig. 1a. An enlarged perspective view of part A, FIG. 1d is a sectional view taken along the line Id-Id in FIG. 1a, and FIG.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of structures in the embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, in which line pipes are used instead of two cylinders. Figure 4a is a diagram showing the flow path resistance of the cylinders. A diagram showing the
Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram showing the flow in the case of one cylinder; Fig. 5a is a front view of a condenser according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5b
The figure is a side view thereof. l... Condenser body, 2.2'... Tube plate, 3... Cooling pipe,
4.4'... Cooling water chamber, 5... Condensate reservoir, 6... Cooling pipe support plate, 7.7'... Ice chamber side, 8... Intermediate body, 9
．． 9', 9''...Support structure, 10...Bleed air feed water heater, S...Steam, W...Cooling water Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4α) Pd Fig. 4b

Claims (1)

[Claims] A condenser body is formed in the center, and a large number of cooling pipes with both ends fixed to a tube plate are disposed within the condenser body, and a pair of cooling water pipes are provided on both outer sides of the tube plate. A condenser having a chamber coupled to the condenser body is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape along the flow direction of the internal support structure of the intermediate body forming the inlet portion is configured to be substantially streamlined. condenser.