JPS6377514A - Air cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an energy saving type apparatus capable of recovering light emitted from a sterilizing lamp as electric power by using an air cleaner provided with a fan, the sterilizing lamp, a solar cell and an ion exchanger filter. CONSTITUTION:Contaminated air 1 incorporated in the room of a hospital or the like is sent to an air cleaner with a fan 2 after coarse particles are removed with a roughened filter 3. As a sterilizing lamp 4, any kind having sterilizing action such as an ultraviolet-rays sterilizing lamp can be used and bacteria contained in air are killed herein. A solar cell 5 is fitted to the periphery of this sterilizing lamp 4 and the light emitted from the sterilizing lamp 4 is absorbed thereby and changed into electric power and this electric power serves as power source for the fan 2. Fine particles and odorous gas contained in air are removed by an ion exchange resin filter 6.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is applicable to air purifiers for homes, offices, hospitals, etc., or for the electronic industry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry, agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry, medical care, precision machinery industry, etc. The present invention relates to a simple air purifier for use in clean units, particularly biological clean units, safety cabinets, sterile rooms, bath boxes, sterile air curtains, clean tubes, clean booths, etc.

[Conventional techniques and their problems]

Conventionally, in this type of apparatus, removal (collection) of particulate matter (solid matter) and gaseous pollutants such as acid gas, alkaline gas, and odorous gas have been performed separately.

For example, as means for removing particulate matter, there have been a mechanical method using a filter, or a method of electrically collecting the particulate matter after it is charged by electric discharge or the like.

Filters with permeability had the drawbacks of a large amount of air flow, a large pressure loss, and a large amount of noise.

Electrical methods require high voltage, so they have the disadvantage of increasing the size of the equipment and consuming a lot of power.

As a means of removing gaseous pollutants, gases were passed through a section filled with adsorbent (e.g. activated carbon) to remove them, but this had the problems of high cost and limitations in long-term use. .

On the other hand, measures against microorganisms and bacteria in the air have become necessary, and a simple and economical (energy-saving) device has been desired.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention addresses these drawbacks by reducing particulate matter and gaseous pollutants such as H2S, N) (1, SO, NOx, O
This product provides a device that can remove various solvents, solvents, and/or malodorous substances (mercaptans, sulfides, and thiophenes) with a single device. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple, multi-functional, energy-saving air purifier that sterilizes air purifiers, recovers the energy emitted by solar cells for sterilization, etc., and uses it as a power source for blowers, etc. It is.

[Structure of the invention]

The present invention is an air purifier characterized by comprising at least a blower, a germicidal lamp, a solar cell, and an ion exchange filter.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIG. 1'.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an air purifier of the present invention used in a hospital. Indoor contaminated air 1 is sent to an air purifier after coarse particles are removed by a coarse filter 5 by a fan 2.

Microorganisms or bacteria in the air are killed by the energy of the germicidal lamp 4, etc. The sterilizing lamp 4 may be of any kind as long as it has a sterilizing effect on microorganisms and bacteria, and an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp is usually used. The sterilizing action here can be performed by generating ozone or the like in addition to the energy of a sterilizing lamp. For example, germicidal lamps can be made to have the function of generating ozone when irradiated with ultraviolet light (e.g., a lamp that emits a wavelength of 185 nm) and the function of decomposing the generated ozone (e.g., a lamp that emits a wavelength of 254 nm). Sterilization can be performed more effectively by generating oxygen from a generator. Further, odorous gases such as NH, H, and S are deodorized by being oxidized and decomposed using the above-mentioned ozone or the like. When selecting the type of sterilizing lamp, use a lamp with strong sterilizing energy if the main purpose is air purification, for example, sterilization, or a lamp that generates a lot of ozone, etc. if the main purpose is deodorization, or use a combination of lamps. can do. Airborne particulates and odorous gases (
When decomposed by ozone Δ, undecomposed odorous gas and leaked ozone) are removed or collected by an ion exchange resin filter 6.

Fine particles containing microorganisms and bacteria are collected by the ion exchange filter 6. In this case, if the ion exchange filter 6 is also irradiated with the sterilization lamp 4, sterilization will be more complete.

5 is a solar cell, which absorbs light from the sterilizing lamp 4, converts it into electric power, and sends this electric power to the fan 2 as a power source for the fan 2. Although the solar cells 5 are shown facing the direction of air flow in FIG. 1, they may be attached to a wall surface to reduce resistance. Also, both can be used together. Also, solar cell 5
It goes without saying that the lamp 4 can be installed upstream and/or downstream of the lamp 4 as appropriate.

Next, the ion exchange filter used in the present invention will be explained in detail.

Ion exchange filters can be any that can collect charged particulate matter and acid, alkaline, and odorous gases from a gas stream.

As an ion exchange filter, one in which an ion exchanger is supported by graft polymerization on a porous polymer support in the form of a net, fabric, or fiber is used, and these can be manufactured as appropriate by well-known methods. be able to.

As the ion exchanger, an anion exchanger or a cation exchanger can be used, but usually a mixture of the two in an appropriate ratio is used.

Supports include polymers of aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and polybutene, polymers of aromatic hydrocarbons such as polystyrene and polyα-methylstyrene, and alicyclic polymers such as polyvinylcyclohexane. Polymers of hydrocarbons, copolymers of these hydrocarbons, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers , a fluorine-containing unsaturated hydrogen dihydride polymer such as vinylidene fluoride-propylene hexafluoride copolymer, or a copolymer thereof.

Further, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polyester, cellulose, wool, silk, or a mixture thereof can also be used.

These supports are used as porous supports, and their shape may be any shape that has a large contact area with the gas flow and has low resistance, such as an appropriate thin film-like cloth, preferably a net-like shape, etc. An appropriate shape such as a woven or fibrous shape is used.

The porosity of the porous support is 10 to 95%, preferably 50 to 95%.
It is 85 chi. The shape, thickness, and porosity of the porous support can be appropriately determined depending on the shape of the device, the materials used, the structure, the expected effects, etc.

The ion exchanger that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and various cation exchangers or anion exchangers can be used.

For example, an exchanger containing a cation exchange group such as a force μ boxy μ group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a primary to tertiary amino group, a quaternary ammonium group, a sulfonium group, a phosphonium group. Examples thereof include anion exchange group-containing exchangers such as ion exchangers, and polymerized or condensed homogeneous or heterogeneous ion exchangers containing the cationic and anionic ion exchange groups.

Typical examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or ethylene, halomethylstyrene, acyloxystyrene,
Styrene compounds such as hydroxystyrene, aminostyrene, vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, vinylpyridine, 2-
Methyl/l/-5-vinylpyridine, 2-methy/l/-5
Polymers of monomers having cationic or anionic exchange groups such as vinylimidazole, acrylnitri p1, sulfuric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, sulfonic acid, or groups convertible thereto, or heptanomeric divinylbenzenes thereof;
Trivinylbenzene, butadiene, ethylene glycol-μ
A copolymer with a compound having two or more double bonds such as divinyμ ether, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, or a layer obtained by grafting styrene onto polyethylene, polyvinylfluorocarbonate μ, or polytetrafluoroethylene. Ion exchangers, such as vinyl monomers such as tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, and ions, which are obtained by introducing cationic and/or anionic ion exchange groups or converting them into ion exchange groups as necessary, into polymers etc. There is an ion exchanger consisting of a copolymer of a barf μ-orobiny monomer having an exchange group or a group convertible into an ion exchange group.

The method for supporting the ion exchanger on the support is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by any known method.

For example, the support may be exposed to ultraviolet rays, alpha rays, beta rays, electron beams,
Irradiation with ionizing radiation such as radiation, oxygen, ozone,
A method of carrying an ion exchanger by treating the monomer with an oxidizing agent such as chlorosulfonic acid, hydrogen peroxide, pencil peroxide, peracetic acid, or two or more of these treatments, or a method of supporting an ion exchanger. Examples include a method of irradiating a body (for example, polyethylene) with ionizing radiation, reacting with an aqueous solution of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid to obtain a graft polymer, and treating this with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.

Another method is to make the support support the ion exchanger through a polymer layer (adhesive layer) that has a high affinity for the ion exchanger. In this method, first of all, a chemical compound is subjected to groft polymerization on a support in order to form an adhesive layer with an ion exchanger.

The polymer used to form the adhesive layer has a high affinity or adhesion to the ion exchanger. Examples of such monomers include olefin monomers such as propylene, halogenated vinyl μ monomers such as vinyl chloride IV, styrene derivatives, monomers having a nitrile group such as acrylonitrile, diene monomers such as butadiene, vinyl acetate, and acrylic acid. There are monomers with acid ester groups such as ethyl.

These polymers are graft-polymerized onto a support by means such as irradiation with ionizing radiation and/or treatment with an oxidizing agent as described above. That is, after the support is pretreated by these means, it is impregnated with the monomer solution to be grafted and polymerized, or in the case of ultraviolet rays or radiation, the support is impregnated with the hexamer solution and then irradiated. It's okay. Next, the ion exchanger is supported on a support.

This method varies depending on the type of ion exchanger, its manufacturing method, etc., but is carried out, for example, as follows. The raw material monomer mixture of the ion exchanger is impregnated into a support before poly(condensation), and the monomer mixture is poly(condensed) after impregnation, or partially poly(condensed) in advance. Initial weight (shrinkage)
The combined product is impregnated into the support as it is or, if necessary, dissolved in a suitable solvent, and after the impregnation, the poly(condensation) is completed.

The feature of this method is that since the support contains a graft polymer with a high affinity for the ion exchanger-forming monomer, the adhesive layer of the support will swell or dissolve due to the monomer mixture or its initial polymerization (condensation). However, impregnation is carried out sufficiently. As a result, by the subsequent polymerization of the polymer mixture or its initial poly(condensation) metal product, a structure is obtained in which the polymer is closely integrated with the support via a soft polymer layer.

If the polymer impregnated into the support and polymerized does not have sufficient ion exchange groups, then cationic or anionic ion exchange groups are introduced by well-known means to obtain an ion exchange filter.

In this way, an ion exchange filter is produced, and a fibrous or woven anion exchange filter and a cation exchange filter are obtained.

The type, filling amount, and ratio of the anion exchange filter and cation exchange filter to be used shall be determined as appropriate depending on the charge state and concentration of charged particles in the gas flow, or the type and concentration of pollutants and malodorous substances in the gas flow. Rukoto can.

Example t C. Anion exchange filters are effective for collecting negatively charged particulates and acidic gases such as H and S, while cation exchange filters are effective for collecting positively charged particulates and alkaline gases such as NH. Further, the filling amount and its ratio may be determined as appropriate in accordance with the concentration and concentration ratio of the collection substance, taking into consideration the shape, structure, pressure drop, etc. of the device. Standard Niha, anion exchange filter 60 (V/Vt5)
, and filled with cation exchange filter at a ratio of 40 (■/V%) may be used.

In the explanation regarding the drawings, a system in which an ion exchange resin filter is used only for the downstream filter 6 has been described, but it goes without saying that an ion exchange filter can be used for the coarse filter 23 as well.

In this case, since the odorous gas is collected by the coarse filter, the sterilizing lamp 4 may be a lamp whose main purpose is sterilizing. In this case, since there is no leaked ozone (the amount is negligible), the filling amount of the downstream ion exchange filter 6 may be small.

In the explanation regarding the drawing, a case is shown in which the energy of the germicidal lamp is used as a power source for the blower, but the usage of the recovered energy is not limited, and it can be used for other purposes, such as energy for the germicidal lamp. .

〔Effect of the invention〕

1. Due to the configuration that combines a blower, germicidal lamp, solar cell, and ion exchange filter, (1) Removal and collection of particulate matter (fine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as odorous gases, and removal of microorganisms. We were able to provide a simple and practically advantageous device that is multifunctional, capable of sterilizing bacteria, and is energy saving.

(2) Removal and collection of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants as well as sterilization of microorganisms and bacteria can be performed with one simple device.

(3) In addition to using the light from the germicidal lamp for sterilization, it can also be used to generate ozone as needed, and this ozone can be used to oxidize and decompose odoriferous gases, and the light from the germicidal lamp can also be used as power. By collecting it and using it as a power source for an air purifier, it becomes possible to use it effectively, and an energy-saving device can be provided.

2. By making the ion exchange filter into a woven or fibrous shape, (1) it was possible to provide a practical trapping part for particulate matter or gaseous pollutants with little pressure loss;

(5) By using an ion exchange filter to collect particulate matter and irradiating it with a sterilizing field, (1) Among microorganisms and bacteria, those that cannot be sterilized or killed in the air flow can be removed. We were able to sterilize and kill everything that was present.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an air purifier of the present invention. 1... Contaminated air, 2... Fan, 3... Rough filter, 4... Germicidal lamp, 5... Solar cell, 6...
Ion exchange filter patent applicant Ebara Research Institute, Ltd. Ebara Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air purifier characterized by comprising at least a blower, a germicidal lamp, a solar cell, and an ion exchange filter. 2. The air purifier according to claim 1, wherein the ion exchange filter has an ion exchanger supported on a porous support by graft polymerization. 3. The air purifier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ion exchange filter has a woven or fibrous shape.