JPS6374349A - Node equipment for indifinite communication network - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain a complete full duplex communication in multichannel by attaing the transfer of a 1st incoming signal overlappingly with a 1st outgoing signal so as to shorten the time up to a fixed communication path. CONSTITUTION:A sequence control section 90 controls a switching gate section 40 in response to the discrimination by the first arrival input detection section 60a of a start control section 60 and transfers a signal to all output ports except those corresponding to the discriminated input ports among the output ports. Then an input detection sectioin 60b of the start control section 60 discriminates input ports not receiving the signal during a 2nd prescribed period further after a 1st prescribed period from the discrimination of the detection section 60a among the input ports corresponding to the outputs ports receiving the signal transfer. If the input ports receiving the signal after the lapse of the period exist, the control section 90 controls a gate section 40 to connect the input ports to the output ports corresponding to the input port with the first arrival signal and to connect the input ports of first incoming signal to the output ports corresponding to the input ports receiving the signal after the lapse of the period, and to disconnect the connection of all the other input ports to the output ports.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to the control of communication networks, and in particular to node devices for amorphous communication networks.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, communication networks particularly applicable to multimedia communication, such as local area networks (LANs) and public line networks, include C9MA baseband LANs, broadband LANs such as Ethernet, and TDM networks.
There was a combination of A-baseband LAN and digital PBx. C5MA baseband LAN is suitable for communication of suddenly generated information such as data information and text information with short packet length, but it is suitable for communication of information such as multimedia communication where message length is not limited or when data is When collisions occur continuously, collisions occur frequently, making it impossible to obtain high throughput, that is, communication capacity, and lacking in applicability as multimedia communications.

Broadband LANs have somewhat insufficient capacity for multimedia communications. Additionally, there are problems with system expandability and price. Although TDMA baseband LAN is the most suitable method for multimedia communication among conventional methods, it still generally has problems in system expandability and cost. Particularly when applied to multimedia communications, the price per unit becomes extremely high.

In view of the state of the prior art, the present inventor has already
We are proposing a grid-like communication network based on the analogy of biological neurons. For example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-139543, which constructs a communication network by connecting communication control elements of a large number of car output signals as nodes in a multi-connection structure, and each node transfers digital signals according to first-come, first-served logic. The communication network is taking shape.

This grid-like communication network is especially broken in the following points. One is that the multi-connected structure provides a high degree of freedom in network topology. Therefore, fault tolerance (survivability) is high, that is, even if a part of the network fails, communication can be adaptively secured through other routes. Next, the best communication path is selected by first-come, first-served logic.

However, it takes time to fix the communication path, and when a large number of short packets are transmitted, the efficiency is as low as that of the conventional CSMA baseband LAN. Therefore, full duplex communication cannot be performed partially, and if the return of the response signal is slow, detection of failure of communication is delayed, and backoff such as retransmission control cannot be performed efficiently. Therefore, it is required to efficiently establish full-duplex communication even in a multi-channel system in which a plurality of connection channels are established at the same time in a node.

By the way, when a contention method is used to set up a link, packet collisions have been a major obstacle to obtaining a high throughput, that is, a dynamic data rate. ! The probability that an IT problem will occur is proportional to the maximum network propagation delay time, that is, the time it takes for a packet sent by a terminal to reach the farthest terminal.

The grid-like communication networks that have been proposed so far use a competitive method based on first-come, first-served logic for setting up links. but,
Due to the multi-coupling structure, the maximum network propagation delay time is inherently short, and using a large number of communication control elements or nodes, the first-come, first-served logic ensures that even if a collision occurs, the receiving terminal is within its boundaries. It has the special feature that communication can be established if it exists. When a collision occurs,
Multiple communications may be established. However, in order to sufficiently improve throughput, it is necessary to further reduce the maximum network propagation delay time.

The function of setting up a link for the input channel to which a signal arrives first using the first-come, first-served logic can be realized at high speed using the wiring logic. However, if a connection link is set after detecting the arrival of a packet, no matter how much wiring logic is used to configure the circuit, its operation will be delayed, and there is a possibility that part of the leading edge of the packet will be lost. There is. This loss accumulates each time it passes through a node, and is one of the causes of increasing the maximum network propagation delay time.

In the case of multi-channel half-duplex communication, the input channel is connected to all output channels in advance when the line is idle, and when an input signal arrives at the input channel,
A method has been proposed in which the first input channel is detected and the other input channels are disconnected (Japanese Patent Application No. 60-1).
70429), thereby preventing the leading end of the packet from being lost for the time required for the first-come, first-served logic.

By the way, in the grid communication networks that have been proposed so far,
There was a restriction on transferring the inbound signal before the transfer of the outbound signal was completed (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 170427), meaning that full-duplex communication was basically possible, but for example, when the first message packet is being transferred, its response signal (A
CK, NACK) were not returned. Therefore, full duplex communication cannot be performed partially, and if the return of the response signal is slow, detection of failure of communication is delayed, and backoff such as retransmission control cannot be performed efficiently.

When stressing fault tolerance in a grid communication network, reducing the impact of failures and quickly detecting failure locations are important. There are three types of serious obstacles. The first is a failure in the node, the second is a failure in the transmission transmission path, and the third is a failure in the reception transmission path. However, in a series of grid communication networks previously filed by the applicant,
The probability that communication is inhibited by the first and second failures is very small, but the third failure
A problem arises when the S1th forward information reaches the terminal.

This is because a node with a failure in the reception transmission path is able to send outbound information, but cannot receive return information sent by the terminal in response to the failure in the reception transmission path.

In view of such demands, it is an object of the present invention to provide a node device for an amorphous communication network that can efficiently ensure complete full-duplex communication.

More specifically, an object of the present invention is to prevent the leading edge of a packet from being dropped and reduce the probability of collision when realizing complete full-duplex communication using a multi-channel system, thereby increasing the throughput of the mesh body. It's about improving. Also, accurately identify obstacles.

An object of the present invention is to provide a node device for an amorphous communication network that can take appropriate measures such as line congestion.

Configuration In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a node device connected to a transmission line including a transmission line to a terminal or a node device and a reception line corresponding to the transmission line, the at least one node device to which each reception line is connected. one input means, at least one output means each to which a transmission line is connected, and an input terminal 9
In a node device for an amorphous communication network having a connection means for connecting a stage to an output means, and a control means for controlling the connection means to selectively connect the input means to the output means, the control means connects to the input means. a first-come-first-served input detection stage f for identifying the input means to which the signal arrived first among the input means; and after a first predetermined period has elapsed from the identification by the first-come-first-served input detection means, a second predetermined period of time is started. and input detection means connected to the first timer means to detect whether a signal has arrived at the input means from the receiving line,
The control means controls the connection means so that all of the input means, excluding at least the output means corresponding to the input means, are in an idle state with respect to the transmission paths that are not included in the already set communication among the input means. connected to an output means, controls the connection means in response to identification by the first-come-first-served input detection means, and disconnects all input means from the output means except for the identified input means; This causes the signal to be transferred from the identified input means to all output means other than the one corresponding to the identified input means among the output means, and the input detection means transfers the signal among the input means. The control means monitors whether or not a signal arrives from the reception line to the input means corresponding to the output means, identifies the input means that has not received a signal within a second predetermined period among the input means being monitored, and controls the output means. If there is an input means that receives a signal after the second predetermined period has elapsed among the input means that did not receive a signal within the second predetermined period, the connecting means is controlled so that the second predetermined After the elapse of the second predetermined period, the input means that received the signal is transferred to the output means corresponding to the input means from which the signal arrived first, and the input means from which the signal arrived first is transferred to the output means corresponding to the input means from which the signal arrived first. A node of an incomplete communication network that connects an input means that has received a signal to an output means corresponding to the input means, fixes the connection between those input and output means, and disconnects all other input means to the output means. The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments of the apparatus.

The missing communication network to which the node device according to the present invention is applied is advantageously realized as a lattice communication network in which the node devices 10 are connected in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional lattice shape by transmission paths 12, as illustrated in FIG. However, the network structure is essentially amorphous. For example, other network configurations such as linear or loop configurations may be used.

The node device 2110 is provided with a plurality of input/output ports, eight in this example, to which other node devices 10 and/or terminals 14 can be connected via the transmission path 12. There is no limit to the number of input/output boats, at least one
There may be more than one node device lG, but if it is within the enclosure of the input/output boat, the node device g! 110 and the number of terminals 14, there is no limit to the number of terminals 14, and the mesh body can be used as a single node device t! It may be formed at t10,
Also, a plurality of node devices 1ftl.

For example, it may be mounted on a single printed wiring board and treated as if it were a single node device, thereby increasing the substantial input/output board capacity.

In this embodiment, the terminal 14 is a terminal device capable of asynchronously transmitting and receiving data, and includes processing systems such as personal computers, service stations such as file stations and print stations, etc., and data is transferred in the form of message packets. is advantageous. As will be described later, if the terminal 14 is a full-duplex terminal, it is advantageous to use a system that immediately sends out a response signal upon receiving a packet addressed to itself.

The transmission path 12 is, for example, an optical transmission path using an optical fiber, or an electrical transmission path such as a twisted wire or coaxial cable, and in this embodiment, data is transmitted in analog or digital format. This has a full duplex configuration. Mate device 10
The transmission path 12 between the terminal 14 and the terminal 14 may have a half-duplex configuration, or N number of transmission paths 12 may be provided between the node devices 10 and 10 depending on the traffic.

Referring to FIG. 1, the node equipment Hto has an input port 20 to which a reception line from the transmission line 12 is connected, and an input port 20 connected to the transmission line 12.
The output port 30 has an output port 30 to which a transmission line is connected, and both are connected to each other via a switching gate section 40. The input boat 20 has in this example eight receiving or input channels 10-17, and the output boat 30 has correspondingly eight transmitting or output channels oO--
It has o7. This is the node device! Up to eight other node devices IO and terminals 14 can be connected to the node 0 via the transmission line 12. Output channels oO to o7 have the same number as each of input channels 10 to 17, that is, a "corresponding" output channel has the same route as transmission line 1
Connected to 2.

The switching gate section 40 has input channels 10 to 17.
This is a gate circuit that selectively interconnects any one of the output channels oO to o7 with any one of the output channels oO to o7. The input boat 20 is also connected to the start control fi 80 and the end control section 70 via the control gate section 50. The control gate section 50 is a gate circuit that appropriately connects and controls the signals from the input boat 20 and the output boat 30 to the switching gate section 40, the start control section 60, and the end control section 70. This is a function finger that identifies the input channel that arrived first and also detects whether there is an input signal on each manual channel.

The termination control unit 70 is a circuit that detects that there is no longer an input signal in the input channel of the communication path that has already been set, and performs processing to terminate the communication. The switching gate section 40, the start control section 6o, and the end control section 7° are interconnected by a gate set bus 80.

Also connected to the switching gate section 40 is an active signal sending number 200 for sending out an active signal, which is also connected to the start control section 80 . Start system g
A fault memory 210 is also connected to the i section 60 and the termination control section 70 for storing a channel in which a fault has occurred. Fault storage 210 is also connected to gate set path 80 .

Switching gate section 40. Control gate section 50, start control section 60, end control section 70, active signal sending section 20
0 and 210 of Obstacle Note 51 are controlled by a sequence control unit 90 that controls the entire water wave including them.

For simplicity, the specific configuration of the switching gate section 40 has four four-man power HAND gates 42 corresponding to the number of output channels, that is, four in this example, as shown in FIG. 2 for the case of four input and output channels. A signal line from active signal output No. 200 is connected to one of these input terminals. The switching gate section 40 further includes:
4x (4-1) two-person HAND gates 44 and 4K
(4-1)/2 flip-flops 4B, an AND gate 48, and an exclusive OR (EXOR) gate 49 are connected as shown in the figure.

More specifically, two-man NA of each input channel 10 to i3
The output 43 of the ND gate 41 is the output channel oo-o3
NAN to one input of the four-power NANO gate 42 of all output channels except the one corresponding to each of them.
[Commonly connected via l gate 44. Further, in the preceding stage of the NAND gate 44, two-man power HAND gates 41 corresponding to the number of input channels, that is, four in this example, are arranged, and when one input 45 is energized from the control gate section 50, The input port 20 and the internal circuit of the switching gate section 40 are selectively connected.

As shown in the truth table 11 of FIG. 2A, when an input/output channel to be interconnected is designated and the control fa line of the designated channel of the gate set bus 80 becomes high level, the switching gate section 40 WR from 90
ITE Interconnects between both channels in response to a negative clock signal. Connections between designated channels and undesignated channels are disconnected. Furthermore, for channels that are not specified at this time, the connection state at that time is maintained. As a result, a multi-channel connection is established in which one node device Hto allows communication paths for combinations of a plurality of input/output channels at the same time.

In this way, the states of all HAND gates 44 can be set with -times of control. Also, according to this configuration,
The number of functional units, ie, flip-flops 46, for holding the state of the HAND gate 44 can be minimized.

For simplicity, the control gate unit 50 includes four OR gates 52, an input/output channel 54, and a four-channel input/output channel as shown in FIG. 3-person NAND key) 5B, E
An XOR gate 58 and an AND gate 51 are connected as shown in the figure. The OR gate 52 takes the logical sum of the signal 53 from the start control section 60 and the signal 55 from the end control section 70, and outputs the signal 53 from the switching gate section 40.
This is an OR gate for outputting to two WAND gates 41. Inverter 54 and 3-man power HAND gate 5
Reference numeral 6 denotes a circuit that performs the logical product of the signal from the input port 20, the signal from the fault memory 210, and the signal from the termination control section 70, and outputs the result to the start control section 60. When the EXOR gate 58 and the AND gate 51 detect the end of communication for which one communication route has been set, they also receive the signal from the end control gg unit 70 and the signal from the first input channel that arrives at the first input channel. This circuit selectively outputs the output of the start control section 80 to the end control section 70 when detecting a signal interruption.

The tree node device IO has an active signal output 200, which is an alffi unit that generates an "active signal" indicating that the local node and its human channel are operating normally, ie, are active. . The active signal is not limited in any way other than its signal length, which is longer than the minimum time required to operate the flip-flop of the start control unit 60 and must arrive within the "active detection time constant" described below. Set to the ending length.

As shown in FIG. 4, the active signal output 200 is
An AND gate 202 is used to logically multiply the signal from the sequence control section 80 and the signal MODE O from the start control section BO, and an AND gate 202 is used to logically AND the output of the gate 202 and the output from the start control section 60. Switching gate section 40
In this embodiment, the signal MODE O is composed of four WAND gates 204 for outputting to the start control section 60.
The output from the mode changeover switch B7 always keeps the level high.

For simplicity, the specific configuration of the start control unit 80 has four inputs and four outputs.
In the case of a channel, as shown in FIG. 5, it consists of a first-arrival input signal detection section 80a and an input signal detection section 60b. The first-arrival input signal detection unit 80a is a functional unit that identifies the channel to which an input signal arrives first among the input channels 10 to i3 according to first-come-first-served logic.This corresponds to the number of input channels. That is, four flip-flops 82,
1st group HAND gate 86 and 4-man power HAND gate 6
8 and an inverter 61, four three-man power HAND gates 63, a pass buffer 85, and a mode changeover switch 67 are connected as shown in the figure.

The flip-flop 62 is a circuit that holds the state of the input channel through which the input signal has arrived. A group of HAND gates 66 provides priority among the outputs 64 of flip-flops 62. In the four-man power HAND gate 68 and the inverter 60, any one of the flip-flops 62 responds to the arrival of an input signal, and the SQ of all the flip-flops 62 is
Retention Jat that lowers children and persists their state
This is a circuit for notifying the sequence control unit 80 that the first outgoing signal has arrived.

The three-man power HAND gate 63 is the first group of HAND gates 8.
6 and the output of the input signal detection section 80b, and the logical sum output is outputted to the gate set bus 80 via the pass buffer 65. Note that the mode changeover switch 67 is always open in this embodiment.

The input signal detection section 60b is a circuit that detects whether an input signal has arrived at the input boat 20. This is constructed by connecting flip-flops 69 and 120, four HAND gates 122, and a four-man OR gate 124 as shown. A flip-flop 69 has two
It is a state circuit. Flip-flop 120 is a circuit for storing the output state of flip-flop 69 and fixing the state by setting their 5lfj forces to a low level. The HAND gate 122 is a gate circuit that controls the connection of the output of the flip-flop 68 to the first-come-first-served input detection section 80a.

The OR gate 124 is a circuit for calculating the logical sum of the outputs of the flip-flops 6!3 and notifying the sequence control section 90 that the first returned signal has arrived.

Obstacle record tC! 210, as shown in FIG. 6, is a storage circuit for storing faulty or idle channels. This is set in the flip-flop 212 by performing the logical sum of the signal from the start control section 60, the signal from the end control section 70, and the signal 800 from the sequence control section 90. for 3
It consists of a human OR gate 214, an OR gate 218 that takes the logical sum of the output of the flip-flop 212 and the setting state of the mode changeover switch 21B, and a pass buffer 211 for transferring the logical sum output to the gate set bus 80. . The mode changeover switch 21B is left open for channels connected to terminals that do not have an on-board device that outputs active signals.

As shown in FIG. 7 in the case of 4 channels, the termination control section 70 includes a communication termination detection section 70a and a connection memory F! &70
The 0 communication end detecting section 70a configured in section b is configured by four NOR gates 72, a shift register 74, an AND gate 76, and one OR gate 78 connected as shown. NOR gate 72 logically ORs the signal from input port 20 and the signal from output port 30 . The shift register 74 is a circuit for detecting the end of communication based on a time determined by a communication end detection time constant, which will be described later.

The AND gate 76 is a circuit that performs a logical product of the output of the shift register 74 and the output of the control gate unit 50.

The four-man OR gate 78 is a circuit that notifies the sequence control unit 90 that there is a communication that has ended among the communications with a fixed communication path, or that the first outgoing signal from the first input channel has been interrupted. The control gate unit 50 selects which information to report. As will be explained below, the end control unit 70 identifies the end of the communication when there is no signal from both of the two input channels included in the fixed communication of one communication route.

The end of communication is identified by the continuation of no signal IS or a predetermined logic state for a time determined by a communication end detection time constant. The "communication end detection time constant", that is, the third predetermined period, is a time for detecting that no further signal follows the outgoing signal or the incoming signal and one communication has ended.

In the case of full-duplex communication, its length is the true termination of communication,
0 is set to the time required to distinguish it from the information content I' Q J or a series of "1"s. Usually, some margin time is added to this. For example, in the case of Manchester coding, the time length is 1 bit, and in the case of the encoding rule of NRZI, which inserts a "0" in 6 consecutive "l" bits, the time length is 7 bits or more. The time length is set to 2 bits or 14 bits.

This is the same as the input signal detection time constant.

When half-duplex communication is included as well as full-duplex communication, the length of the communication end detection time constant is determined by the propagation delay time for round trip through the maximum effective network length and the time after the terminal 14 finishes receiving the outgoing signal or multiple signals. It is set to be substantially equal to the sum of the time required to start transmitting the inbound signal or the outbound signal. This is the same as the terminal response monitoring time.Normally, some margin time is added to these.

The connection storage unit 70b includes four flip-flops 71 for storing channels in which one communication path is fixed, and A) III for controlling writing and erasing of the memory.
A gate 73 and a pass buffer 75 for controlling connection of its output to a gate set bus 80 are connected as shown.

With this configuration, the shift register 74 is always in a state where it can detect the end of communication for all channels.

That is, since the end of communication can be detected even for channels that are not selected by the control gate section 50, when switching is performed, there is no delay corresponding to the communication end detection time constant in detecting the end of communication.

In addition, in the case of full-duplex communication and the case that includes both full-duplex communication and half-duplex communication, the redundancy when detecting the end of one communication can be set accordingly. Therefore, the hardware of the device itself No changes are required.

Note that instead of these four NOR gates 72, four H
By providing an AND gate, the input channel and the output channel can be logically ANDed. In this way, the end control unit 70 identifies the end of one communication when there is no signal in either of the two input channels included in the communication with the fixed communication path.

The sequence control section 30 is as shown in FIG.

Five shift registers 91 to 95, a group of gates 86 for appropriately combining their output states to generate necessary control signals, and determining the end of one communication when the start and end T of a communication conflict. A flip-flop 97 and an AND gate 22G, a mode changeover switch 88, and a boot switch 89 are connected as shown in the figure. A system clock CKI or CKO is connected to the clock input terminals of shift registers 91-95. In the wooden embodiment, the flip-flop 35 is not used, and the mode changeover switch 88 is always open. The put switch 89 is an operation switch that is operated only when the node device 10 is started up and initializes all flip-flops in the node rgfilo. The sequence control unit 80 also has a sequence control unit 8 that does not require any change in the hardware in the case of full-duplex communication and in the case of both full-duplex communication and half-duplex communication.
The operation timing of 0 is shown in FIG.

Various time limits such as “active detection time constant,” “input signal detection time constant,” and “communication end detection time constant” are formed by the sequence control unit 90.

Node device! J! of communication control at 0! Explain the abbreviation.

Here, for convenience, the term "transmission terminal" refers to
The term "receiving terminal" refers to the terminal that sends the signal to the transmission line 12, and the term "receiving terminal" refers to the terminal that receives the signal from the transmission path 12. In addition, the term "originating terminal" refers to a terminal that starts sending information to a specific terminal from a state where no connection has been established with other terminals, that is, an idle state. The destination terminal that returns a response to the information for the first time.0 The signal sent from the originating terminal is called the "outgoing signal," and the signal sent from the receiving terminal, especially the signal sent back in response to the outgoing signal. is called a "return signal."

In a certain node device 10, in an idle state where no connection is established between specific input/output channels, the connection gate of the switching gate section 40 is in an open state, and all input channels except their corresponding output channels are in an idle state. Connected to all output channels.

When an input signal arrives at any of the input channels 10 to 17 in the idle state, the first input signal detection unit 60
A detects the channel in which the input signal arrives first among the input channels i0 to i7, that is, the "first-come-first-served input channel" by first-come-first-served logic. In response to the detection of the first-arriving input channel, the switching gate unit 40 switches all output channels other than the output channel corresponding to the first-arriving input channel and R
E Leave the nested channel connection and disconnect other input/output channel connections. This results in a broadcast in which the signal received from the first input channel is transferred to all output channels other than the corresponding output channel.

The sequence-based Wi 90 is activated by the first-arrival input channel detection by the first-arrival input signal detection unit Boa, and the sequence control unit 80 starts time-limited monitoring using an active detection time constant.

The "active detection time constant", or first predetermined period, is defined as the active detection time constant, or the first predetermined period of
It is possible to receive the first outgoing signal or receive another first outgoing signal from another transmission source.
Even if a collision occurs when the #th outgoing signal is received, this is the time to eliminate the 51st outgoing signal from the ff.

The length of the active detection time constant is
Normally, some margin time is added to the sum of the propagation delay time for traveling back and forth over the maximum allowable distance between terminals 14 and the time required for an active signal. During this time, a bypassed first outgoing signal from the same transmission source, another first outgoing signal from another transmission source, and an active signal arrive. This allows faulty or dead channels to be detected.

The channel from which the input signal arrives within the monitoring time limit of the active detection time constant is stored in the flip-flop of the input signal detection section 60b. When the period defined by the active detection time constant expires, the sequence controller 80 clocks the fault memory 210 and inputs the input channels 10 to i3.
Among them, input channels for which no input signal has arrived within the period of the active detection time constant are stored in the flip-flop 212 as faulty or dormant channels.

Next, the sequence control unit 90 performs time-limited monitoring of the input signal detection time constant.The "input signal detection time constant", that is, the second predetermined period, determines whether there is a signal after the period determined by the active detection time constant has elapsed. It's time to discover.

For example, the length is 1 bit in Manchester coding, and 6 consecutive bits of ``1'' in NRZI and ``0'' in NRZI.
In the case of an encoding rule that inserts ", the time length is 7 bits or more. Usually, some margin time is added to this, and the time length is set to twice that, that is, 2 bits or 14 bits each. . This detects an input channel other than the input channel that detected the input signal first, which received the first outgoing signal from the same transmission source or another first outgoing signal from another transmission source. It's time to.

The channels from which the input signal arrives within the monitoring time limit of the input signal detection time constant are stored in the flip-flop of the input signal detection section 70b. When this period ends, the switching gate section 40 detects when an input signal arrives from any of the input channels for which there was no input signal within the period of the input signal detection time constant stored in the input signal detection section 60b. , connect its input channel to the output channel corresponding to the first-arrival human power channel.

When there is no input signal to any input channel included in the communication path, the sequence control section 30 starts time-limited monitoring using a communication end detection time constant in response to an instruction from the end control section 70. When the time defined by the coincidence constant has elapsed, the sequence control 81s90 resets the first input signal detection section 80a and the input signal detection section 80b to the initial state.

This end of communication may be detected by monitoring the input signal from the first-come-first-served input channel, detecting its disappearance, and performing recovery processing, or by monitoring the input signal from the first-come-first-served input channel and performing recovery processing. The configuration may also be such that the input signals from both of the other input channels are monitored and the loss of one of them is detected and the restoration process is performed.

The absence of an input signal is detected by detecting that the logical state 1b of the signal is maintained at a predetermined state 7g, for example "0", for a period of a communication end detection time constant.

In the above-described embodiment, the input channel for which a signal has arrived during the period determined by the active detection time constant, and for which no input signal has arrived during the period determined by the input signal detection time constant, is stored in the input signal detection 811sob even after that period has elapsed. . However, 11
1, and after the elapse of the same period, connect the input channel on which such an input signal did not arrive to the output channel corresponding to the first input channel, and connect it to the output channel of all other ′ input channels. The connection may be disconnected.

When the first composite signal arrives at the input channel to which such an input signal did not arrive after the period of the input signal detection time constant has elapsed, the input channel that received the first #th composite signal is selected as the first input channel. , and connect the first input channel to the output channel corresponding to the input channel from which the first multiple signal has arrived, fixing the path between the input and output channels, and fixing the path between the input and output channels. Connection to the channel will be disconnected. With this configuration, the node equipment 1110 is arranged in a grid of four for the purpose of explaining this embodiment in which signals other than the first returned signal that should originally be received are received from other input channels. Regarding the lattice-like communication network connected in the form of a grid: tS The communication procedure in the system of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 10A to 10G. In this illustrative communication network, there are four nodes 10a to 10d.
are connected in a grid pattern by four-channel transmission lines 12. Node devices fllOa and 10d have end X14a.
and! 4d are connected to each other. In the figure, the hatched side indicates the transmitting side, and the thick line indicates the flow of information signals.

Regarding 4-channel full-duplex communication, input signal detection and
Based on this, connection control between input and output channels is performed in the following seven basic steps.

First, as shown in the filOA diagram, in the first step,
An originating terminal, for example 14a, which wants to transmit data for the first time from an idle state, sends a first outgoing signal in the form of a packet to the node device 10a through the transmission path 12a. The first outgoing signal includes a destination address indicating the destination terminal, for example 14d.

The node device 10a detects the first outgoing signal as a first-arrival input signal. That is, the channel to which the input signal arrived first, ie, the "first-come-first-served input channel" is identified by first-come-first-served logic. Therefore, the first outgoing signal is transferred to all output channels 12ab, 12ac, etc. except for the output channel corresponding to the first-arrival human power channel 12a. That is, the first outgoing signal is broadcast to all routes of the node device filOa.

Node device! Further, when the first outgoing signal is received by the first input channel, the first communication route 110a disconnects all the other unfixed input channels of one communication path from the output channel, and uses the active signal output No. 200 to connect the first input channel to the first input channel. An active signal 230a is output from an output channel corresponding to the channel.

Next, in the second step, as shown in FIG.
In this example, the node device Oc receives this first outgoing signal from the CD and performs a similar broadcast. In this example, the node device Oc recognizes the transmission path 12ac as the first input channel, and
broadcast to other transmission paths such as d.

Similarly, the node device 2tlOd is connected to the transmission line 12bd. The first outgoing signal also arrives from the same 12cd, but the transmission path 12bd is recognized as the first input channel, and the transmission path 12b
Only the first outgoing signal from d is transmitted through transmission lines 12d and 1
In node devices 10c and 10d, which broadcast to other transmission paths such as 2cd and do not output signals from transmission path 12cd, the arrival time difference between the first input signal and other input signals that arrived later is used for connection control. If the time is shorter than the required time, -1 overlap will occur. However, this occurs in the preamble part of the message packet, so
There is no problem; in this way, the first outgoing signal transmitted from terminal 14a and broadcast from node 12 is transmitted throughout the network without any duplication.

In this way, the first outgoing signal via the shortest path is terminal 1.
Reach 4d.

The node devices 1ftlOa to 10d monitor all input channels during the active detection time constant period starting from the detection of the first input channel, and identify input channels that have not received an input signal within that period. They are stored in the input signal detection section 60b. In each node device to, if its manual channel, output channel, and other node devices and terminals connected to that node device are functioning normally, the active signal or the first signal is detected within the period of the active detection time constant. The outbound signal should arrive. For example, node device i! If the input boat 234bx does not receive a signal at tlOb for some reason, this is stored in the node device 21tob.

The node devices filoa to 10d detect input channels that have no input signal within a period determined by an input signal detection time constant that starts after the elapse of the active detection time constant. At this time, the active signal has already ended. Further, at this time, the node devices 10a to 10d may be configured to connect such a detected input channel to all output channels other than the corresponding output channel. Among the detected input channels, an input channel that is not stored in the input signal detection unit 60b, that is, an input channel from which a signal has arrived within the period of the active detection time constant, is connected to all output channels other than the corresponding output channel. may be configured.

In the third step, Node! The terminal 14 connected to the j devices 10a to 10d receives the first outgoing signal.

At this time, each terminal 14 returns the active signal 232 and checks the destination address included in the first outgoing signal with the address of station 0. In this example, terminal 14
Station d sends out an active signal 232d, and since the destination address matches that of station 0, it sends out the first, ie, the m1th return signal, to the transmission line 12d. 100th
As shown in the figure.

The node device 2tlOd is configured to detect an input signal that does not arrive within the period specified by the input signal detection time constant among the input channels corresponding to the output channel that sent the first outgoing signal, and that the input signal detection time constant Identifying the input channel on which the signal arrived after the end of the defined period. Connect this to the output channel corresponding to the first-come, first-served human power channel.

In this example, as shown in FIG.
When 10d receives a signal from transmission line 12d after a period determined by the input signal detection time constant, it connects the input channel that received the signal, that is, the first returned signal, to the output channel 12bd corresponding to the first-arrived human-powered channel. do. Therefore, the first demodulated signal received from the transmission path 12d is sent from the node equipment 2110d to the transmission path 12bd.

At the same time, the first input channel that received the first outgoing signal is output from the output channel corresponding to the input channel that received the first incoming signal, and the connection to the output channel of the other input channel is disconnected. That is, in this example, the transmission line 12bd is thereby interconnected with the transmission line 12d.

In the fourth step, the node devices 12b, 12c
and 12a also performs the same control as the node equipment fi 12d. Therefore, as shown in FIG. reach. The first outgoing signal has a certain length, and the terminal device such as the terminal 14d is configured to transmit the first incoming signal immediately after identifying the destination address of the first outgoing signal. Therefore, the first inbound signal is transmitted while overlapping with the first and eleventh outbound signal. Therefore, even if other terminals other than terminals 14a and 14d are connected to this network,
These terminals cannot participate in this communication, which maintains the confidentiality of communications at other terminals, which is important for one communication system, and also allows multi-channel communication.

As shown in FIG. 10E, the node device? 210c is the fifth
In the step, when the first incoming signal does not arrive from the transmission line 12cd etc. and the first outgoing signal that had been received until then disappears on the transmission line 12ac, this is detected and the output channels of all input channels are Disconnect the connection. In other words, the input signal is received during the input signal detection time constant,
If it is detected that even after this period, the first incoming signal has not arrived and the first outgoing signal is no longer received, all input channels are disconnected from the output channels. This is because the route of the communication is fixed without passing through the node device 10, or the communication is not established and the first
This means that the originating terminal has stopped transmitting the th outgoing signal. Therefore, in other cases, it is guaranteed that the first # return signal will arrive within the terminal response monitoring time starting from the detection of the first input channel. When the transmitting terminal 14a stops transmitting the first outgoing signal midway because the first outgoing signal does not reach the receiving terminal 14d for some reason and therefore the 1IIIi incoming signal is not returned. The same is true.

If both full-duplex communication and half-duplex communication are included, the node device 10c will no longer receive the 1st #i outgoing signal, and will continue to receive the 1st #i outgoing signal even after a period determined by the communication end detection time constant has elapsed. When it is detected that the return signal does not arrive, it detects this and disconnects tJ[ from all input channels to the output channels. In other words, for any input channel that did not receive an input signal, if it is detected that the first incoming signal has not been received within the terminal response monitoring time starting from the end of the first outgoing signal... Disconnects the input channel from the output channel.

Through such connection control, one communication path is set and fixed for communication between the calling terminal 14a and the receiving terminal 14d. Each node device 2110 can control the settings of newly occurring communications regarding unfixed routes.

Therefore, in the sixth step, when another first #r outgoing signal newly sent from another terminal arrives at the node device 10d, as shown in FIG.
Similarly to the first outgoing signal from a, it is propagated through the network by a non-fixed communication path. that time,
Routes that are already used for other communications are not used.

In response to this new first outgoing signal, the receiving terminal sends out a first incoming signal. This first incoming signal is also combined with this new first outgoing signal in the same way as the first composite signal for the receiving terminal 14d described above, as shown in the seventh step in FIG. 10G. It reaches the originating terminal through the reverse route. This establishes a new communication path.

In this way, each node device 10 detects the presence or absence of an input signal and performs sequential control regarding the active detection time constant, input signal detection time constant, terminal response monitoring time, and communication end detection time constant. The same is true. For example, in full-duplex communication, when one originating terminal is given the authority to continue and end communication, it is detected that the first outgoing signal for a pair of input channels for which one communication path has been fixed is lost. or detects that there is no input signal to any of the pair of human-powered channels, and disconnects the pair of input channels from the output channel.

In the case of half-duplex communication, or when there is no need to set priorities for transmitting and receiving stations even in full-duplex communication, when there is no input signal on both of a pair of input channels for which the path has been fixed. This is detected and the connection of that manual channel to the output channel is disconnected.

Alternatively, instead of using the interruption of the input signals on both of a pair of input channels as a condition for detecting termination.

The communication may be configured to be terminated by detecting the disappearance of the input signal in either the input channel or the corresponding output channel. Naturally, the output signal of the output channel corresponding to the other input channel also disappears, so these mean exactly the same thing.

Alternatively, instead of using the interruption of the input signals on both of a pair of input channels as a condition for detecting termination.

The input signal may be configured to terminate the communication by detecting the absence of the human input signal on both the input channel and the corresponding output channel. When these values disappear, naturally the output values of the corresponding output channels also disappear, so they mean exactly the same thing.

In the wooden embodiment, in principle, the node devices 10 are connected to each other, or to the node device ``j110'' and the terminal 1.
Therefore, the node device 10 is aware of whether another node device 10 or a terminal 14 is connected to the transmission line 12 connected to it. Not, therefore, terminal 14
is the node device i! to which it is connected. The ilO must behave as if it were the same as other node devices 2110, and is required to output an active signal if there is an input signal. This may be a single pulse, but can also be used in terminals without active signaling capabilities. In that case, in the χ embodiment of FIG. 2, the output of the fault memory 1fi 210 may be ignored, that is, the display on the fault monitor may be ignored, or the mode changeover switch 216 may be used to indicate that a terminal without the same function is connected. (Fig. 6) should be preset.

The basic constraints regarding the communication procedure required of the terminal 14 in the wooden example are as follows. Terminal 14
Basically, it is advantageous to be able to send and receive data in the form of packets, but it is not necessarily limited to this.

As shown in FIG. 12, a message packet 100 as a first outgoing signal includes at least a preamble P and a destination address D preceding a message M. The preamble P has a length of at least a predetermined length or more. It is necessary to. This is for synchronizing the terminals 14. Although there are no other restrictions on the packet 100, it typically has the address of the originating terminal 14, ie the source address S. After Message M,
A check code area such as a CRC, a bucket I1M code E may follow, followed by a postamble to maintain synchronization of the terminal.

When the terminal 14 detects reception of the m1th outgoing signal, it immediately outputs an active signal.

When the terminal 14 receives the first outgoing signal and determines that the destination address of the packet is addressed to its own station,
The response signal is immediately after the determination in the case of a full-duplex communication terminal (Fig. 12), and immediately after the end of the 1fi-th outgoing signal in the case of a half-duplex communication terminal (Fig. 14). , transmits the 14th return signal. Although there are no restrictions on the first return signal (response bucket as the 7FSl#th return signal) 102 usually takes the same format as the m1th outgoing signal as shown in FIG. 12 or FIG. 14. , a preamble P, a destination address D1, an address of the receiving terminal 14, that is, a source address S, followed by a code indicating an affirmative response ACK or a negative response NACK, which may be followed by a message M, voice communication. YaT
V If you need a complete full-duplex communication function such as image communication, please send a message to the main phone (response bucket) to 102.
is added. As mentioned above, the first return signal is guaranteed to be preferentially transmitted to the originating terminal.

When the terminal 14 determines that the #i-th received outgoing signal is not addressed to its own station, it is permitted to transmit the m1-th outgoing signal addressed to its own station immediately after the end of the first outgoing signal. be done. The method of detecting the completion of the process may be the same as that of the node device 211O.

The originating terminal 14 monitors the reception of the first return signal transmitted from the terminating terminal within a predetermined length of "terminal response monitoring time." i-th within this terminal response monitoring time? If reception of the ftth return signal is detected, it is determined that the receiving terminal is in a state where it can normally respond, and one communication can be continued.

If there is no input signal within the period of the active horizontal time constant after starting to send the first outgoing signal, or if there is an input signal within the period of the input signal detection time constant, the transmitting terminal transmits the first outgoing signal. cancel.

In the former case, it means that there is a failure in the transmission line or node equipment to which the terminal is connected, and that t! J revenge is necessary. In the latter case, it means that a collision has occurred with the node device to which the terminal is connected, and the originating terminal shifts to sending only the first outgoing signal.

If reception of the 1st inbound signal is not detected within the terminal response monitoring time, either the 1st outgoing signal did not reach the receiving terminal or the 1st receiving terminal was not in a state in which it could respond normally. As shown in FIG. 13, the transmitting terminal 1 discontinues communication.The transmitting terminal 14 can then retransmit the first outgoing signal. This is for example CSMA
With these functions, the route between one calling terminal and the receiving terminal is fixed, and communication can be carried out by occupying that communication channel.

In the case of a full-duplex communication terminal, the 1-terminal response monitoring time, ie, the fourth predetermined period, is the time starting from when the originating terminal starts transmitting the $1 outgoing signal. The length is determined by the delay time of the message traveling back and forth through the maximum effective network length, and the time from when the receiving terminal starts receiving the first outgoing signal.
0 is set substantially equal to the sum of the time required to start transmitting the second demodulated signal.Normally, some margin time is added to this.

Furthermore, in the case of a system that includes both full-duplex communication and half-duplex communication, the "terminal response monitoring time" is the time that starts from the time when the originating terminal finishes transmitting the first outgoing signal. The length is the propagation delay time for round trip through the maximum updated network length, and the time required for the receiving terminal to start transmitting the first composite signal after finishing receiving the 1st #i [1 outgoing signal]. 0, which is set substantially equal to the sum of the time and the time. Normally, some margin time is added to this as well. It is guaranteed that the input signal reaches the node device filO within the terminal response monitoring time.

The receiving terminal may notify the originating terminal after correctly receiving the first outgoing signal. In other words, the receiving terminal may immediately send the first incoming signal after receiving the first outgoing signal. This is accomplished by sending. This includes an acknowledgment CK or an acknowledgment NACK.

Note that in the tree x example, the transmission line 12 is a full-duplex transmission line, so
Even if the terminal is a half-duplex device, if the following function is added to the network interface section, the time required to determine whether the terminal is ready for reception can be made equal to that of a full-duplex terminal. can be shortened to In other words, the network interface unit receives the first outgoing signal, reads the destination address of the packet, determines whether it is addressed to its own station, and when it determines that it is addressed to its own station, makes a determination. Immediately after
It is configured to transmit a receivable 17 signal as a response signal. The "receivable signal" may take the form of a single pulse, for example, without any restrictions;
This corresponds to the second received signal and is preferentially transmitted in each node device 10. Such additional capabilities are advantageously realized by slight modifications to the network controller of the half-duplex terminal.

When the terminal 14 transmits an outgoing signal or a backward signal following the first outgoing signal or the first backward signal, that is, when continuously transmitting a plurality of packets, the terminal 14 determines that the interval between packets is All you have to do is make sure that the time does not exceed the time specified by the end detection time constant. In other words, the communication! 11
In other words, when using the set communication route permanently, the next packet should be sent before the time specified by the communication end detection time constant has elapsed after the packet being sent ends. good.

For example, in the case of full-duplex communication, a dummy signal such as a postamble is inserted between successive packets, that is, between the Nth packet and the N+1th packet, so that the communication end detection time constant does not time up. do. When half-duplex communication is included, when the packet being received ends, the transmission packet is sent out before one communication end detection time elapses.

In other words, when the first receiving terminal finishes receiving the N@th outgoing signal, the first receiving terminal transmits the Nth incoming signal, preferably immediately within the time specified by the communication end detection time constant. Once the reception of the Nth return signal is completed, the
÷Send the first outgoing signal. For example, when audio or video communication does not take the form of a packet, the no-signal state may be made shorter than the communication end detection time constant.

Communication can be terminated by stopping transmission at the terminal.

As long as you follow the restrictions regarding these communication procedures.

The degree of freedom regarding other points is high and a first-order effect can be obtained. First, there are no restrictions on the maximum and minimum packet length, and there is no need to use a packet format.
There is no limit to the number of consecutive repetitions of forward and backward information, and the communication channel may be occupied, and data speeds between sending and receiving terminals can be changed freely as long as the data speed is less than the maximum data speed determined by the hardware that makes up the network. can be decided.

Fourth, full-duplex communication and half-duplex communication may be selectively mixed.

To summarize, on the wood flow side, the node device 110 performs two controls to enable the transfer of the first multiple signal overlapping the first outgoing signal. is detected, and in addition to that, the input channel from which the signal t) has arrived, that is, the same first outgoing signal via another route or another first outgoing signal transmitted from another signal source has arrived. The first step is to identify the input channel. This identification is performed by a time defined by an input signal detection time constant. Another method is to detect the presence or absence of an input signal only for input channels other than the input channels detected in this way, and to exclude other input channels. Alternatively, by cutting off the connection of the detected high-power channel to the output channel, the configuration may be configured so that only the first incoming signal that arrives subsequently is transferred other than the first outgoing signal that arrives first. good.

This makes it possible to transfer the first incoming signal overlappingly with the first outgoing signal. Therefore, the terminal 14
Upon detecting reception of the first outgoing signal addressed to the own station, the first incoming signal may be immediately transmitted, or after receiving the first outgoing signal, the 17th inbound signal may be transmitted after a certain amount of time has elapsed. There is no need to perform control such as transmitting a second signal.

Furthermore, in the idle state, the connection of the input channel to each output channel is maintained in a conductive state, and when the first input channel is detected, the connection of the other input channels to each output channel is disconnected. It is possible to broadcast the leading part of the eye signal without missing it.

Furthermore, on the Kinomi flow side, when the first outgoing signal is received,
By detecting the active signal that should be returned from the node equipment or terminal, a faulty or dormant input channel can be identified and appropriate action taken, such as its storage, fault indication 1 line closed.

In this way, on the mainstream side, multi-channel communication is realized in which one node device 1G allows multiple communications at the same time. A first-come, first-served logic maintains high fault tolerance in the grid communication network forming links while avoiding faulty nodes and faulty lines.

In an earlier application filed by the present applicant, Japanese Patent Application No. 170427/1980, in full-duplex communication, the first outgoing signal and the first incoming signal transmitted after the end of the outgoing signal are transferred to the communication path. Full-duplex communication was allowed after it was fixed. However, on the Moku-ryu side, full-duplex communication is possible from the time the outgoing signal is transmitted at the beginning of the Ki-fork.

By providing such complete full-duplex communication, the following effects can be obtained. First, since the first incoming signal can be transferred overlapping with the first outgoing signal, it is possible to detect whether communication is established by detecting the first outgoing signal, and control the continuation of transmission or retransmission at an early stage. can be done.

Active reception control is then implemented. More specifically, only the end χ that transmitted the first incoming signal, that is, the previous value terminal, can normally receive the 7JS first outgoing signal. Other terminals cannot intercept those signals.

Further, half-duplex communication is possible using the same node device, that is, the same algorithm, and mixed use with full-duplex communication is allowed.

Furthermore, the communication procedures required of the terminal are simple, and the network interface section of the terminal can be constructed in a small size and at low cost. Therefore, a highly versatile and efficient communication method is established.

It is particularly effectively applied to full-duplex communication.

Effects According to the present invention, by making it possible to transfer the first inbound signal overlappingly with the first inbound signal, the time required to fix one communication path is shortened, and the multi-channel Full duplex communication is provided. In other words,
In the idle state, the connection of the input channel to each output channel is maintained in a conductive state, and when the first input channel is detected, the connection of the other input channels to each output channel is disconnected. The leading part of the outgoing signal will not be lost.

By allowing the simultaneity of round-trip signals, the failure of one communication can be detected early, so backoff such as retransmission ft1jv4 can be performed efficiently, and the throughput of the entire network is improved.

Further, by detecting the return of an active signal from a node device or a terminal, a faulty line can be identified, and appropriate measures such as blocking the line can be taken. Furthermore, half-duplex communication is also possible using the same algorithm, and mixed use with full-duplex communication is realized. High fault tolerance is achieved when the network is configured in a grid pattern.

The present invention can thus efficiently ensure full duplex communication. It is particularly effectively applied to grid communication networks.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing an embodiment of a node device for an amorphous communication network according to the present invention. ff$2 Figure is a circuit diagram showing a specific circuit configuration example of a switching gate section in the same node device. FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the truth table 11 of the switching gate section. 3 to 8 show specific circuit configuration examples of a control gate section, an active signal sending section, a start control section, a fault storage section, an end control section, and a sequence control section, respectively, in the same node device; FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the operation timing of the sequence control gg section shown in FIG. 8. FIGS. 10A to 100 are state diagrams showing states at each stage of communication control in an example in which the present invention is applied to a grid communication network of four nodes. FIG. 11 is a relay system diagram showing an example of a communication network configuration in which the present invention is applied to a grid communication network. Figure 12 is a diagram showing the flow of packets when the first incoming signal is normally returned in response to the #1 outgoing signal in full-duplex communication. Figure 14 is a diagram showing the packet flow when the 1fk-th inbound signal in response to the 1'#i-th outgoing signal is not returned normally in communication. It shows the flow of packets when the first incoming signal is returned normally in response to the outgoing signal.
This is a diagram similar to FIG. 12. Explanation of the symbols in 1 part 10, Node device 4G, Switching gate unit 50, Control gate unit eo, Start control unit 80a, First-come-first-served input signal detection unit sob, Input signal detection unit 70, , termination control unit so, 0. Gate set bus 90,... Sequence control g# unit 200,... Active signal output No. 210,..., Fault record t! ! Part i0-17. Input channels 00-07. Output Channel Patent Application University Ricoh Co., Ltd. Representative Takao Sakiyama Takao Changed the content of the translated version of the drawing in Figure 1 - shi) The translated version of the drawing in Figure 2 (No change in the content) Figure 4 Switching drawing (no change in content) Fig. 5 9a -'-5ob Engraving of drawing (no change in content) jTr copy of drawing in Fig. 6 (no change in content) None) Engraving of the drawing in Figure 8 (no change in content) Engraving of mouth Letter (Method) July 16, 1981 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Black 1) Separation Mr. ' 1, Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 218026 2, Name of the invention Node device for amorphous communication network 3, Amendment Relationship with 41 patent applicants Address: 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Name (
874) a Seikinsha Rico-4, agent address 105 Tokyo? 11F! Ward Nishishintachibana 2. -4-1 b, Subject of amendment 6, Contents of amendment (1) Drawings submitted at the time of filing (Fig. 2, Fig. FF52A, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7. (Figures 8, 9, 12, 13, and 14)
will be replaced with the official drawings (no changes to the engravings) as shown in the attached sheet. Procedure Ne City JF <November 17, 1986

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A node device connected to a transmission line including a transmission line to a terminal or a node device and a reception line corresponding to the transmission line, wherein at least one node device is connected to each reception line. at least one output means to which each of the transmission lines is connected; a connection means for connecting the input means and the output means; and controlling the connection means to selectively output the input means. In a node device of an amorphous communication network, the control means is connected to the input means and detects first-come-first-served input to identify the input means from which a signal arrived first among the input means. means; first timer means for starting a second predetermined time period after a first predetermined time period has elapsed from the identification by the first input detection means; and a first timer means connected to the first timer means and said input means. input detection means for detecting whether or not a signal has arrived from the reception line at Connecting the input means in an idle state with respect to the transmission path to all the output means except for at least the output means corresponding to the input means among the output means, and controlling the connection means in response to the identification by the first-come-first-served input detection means. , disconnects all input means from the input means other than the identified input means from the output means, and thereby connects the identified input means to the identified input means among the output means. The signal is transferred to all output means other than the corresponding one, and the input detection means detects whether the signal arrives from the reception line to the input means corresponding to the output means that transferred the signal among the input means. and identifying the input means that has not received a signal within a second predetermined period of time among the input means being monitored, and the control means that has not received a signal within a second predetermined period of time. If there is an input means that receives a signal after the second predetermined period has elapsed, the connection means is controlled to connect the input means that received the signal after the second predetermined period has elapsed. to the output means corresponding to the input means to which the signal arrived first, and to the input means to which the signal arrived first to the output means corresponding to the input means to receive the signal after the elapse of the second predetermined period. 1. A node device for an amorphous communication network, characterized in that the connection between the input and output means is fixed by connecting the input and output means, and the connection of all other input means to the output means is cut off. 2. In the apparatus according to claim 1, when the first input detection means identifies the input means from which the signal arrived first among the input means, at least one of the output means a signal output means for outputting a predetermined signal from all output means other than the output means corresponding to the identified input means; and a storage means for storing input means that have not received a signal within a first predetermined period. The input detection means identifies, among the input means being monitored, an input means that has not received a signal within a first predetermined period, with respect to a transmission path that is not included in the communication that has already been set; A node device characterized in that the identified input means is stored in the storage means. 3. In the apparatus according to claim 2, the control means controls the connection means in response to the storage means for transmission paths that are not included in the communication that has already been set, and A node device characterized in that connection of an input means to an output means corresponding to the input means stored in the storage means is prohibited. 4. In the apparatus according to claim 3, the control means controls the connection means in response to the storage means with respect to transmission paths that are not included in the communication that has already been set up. A node device characterized in that connection of input means stored in storage means to output means is prohibited. 5. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the control means controls the transmission path not included in the communication that has already been set, after a second predetermined period has elapsed. , when no signal arrives at any of the input means that did not receive a signal within the second predetermined period, and the signal received by the input means to which the signal arrived first disappears, the connection means A node device characterized in that it controls and interconnects all input/output means. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control means controls the third input device when there is no signal at the input means.
and a second time limit means for starting a time limit for a predetermined period of time, and the control means starts a time limit for a predetermined period of If no signal arrives at any of the input means that did not receive a signal within the period,
A node device characterized in that all input/output means are interconnected by controlling the connection means. 7. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the control means receives input from one of the pair of input means included in the fixed connection. When the end of the signal is detected, the connection means is controlled to connect the pair of input means to all the output means not included in the already set communication, and connect all the input means not included in the already set communication. A node device characterized in that a means is connected to the pair of input means. 8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, wherein the control means is configured to control a signal received by a pair of input means included in the fixed connection. When it is detected that both have been completed, the connection means is controlled to connect the pair of input means to all output means not included in the already set communication, and to connect the pair of input means to all output means not included in the already set communication. A node device characterized in that all input means are connected to the pair of input means. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the control means includes third timer means that starts timing a fourth predetermined period when the signal assumes a predetermined logic state. and upon detecting that the signal received by the input means included in the fixed connection maintains the predetermined logic state for a fourth predetermined period, controls the connection means to output the pair of input means. A node device characterized in that it connects to all output means not included in communication that has already been set up, and connects all input means that are not included in communication that has already been set up to the pair of input means. 10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the terminal transmits the predetermined signal to the reception line upon receiving a first outgoing signal from the transmission line. Characteristic node equipment. 11. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, when the terminal starts transmitting the first outgoing signal, the terminal is configured to perform a first predetermined period starting from the start of transmitting the outgoing signal. A node device characterized in that it monitors reception of a signal and stops transmitting the first outgoing signal when the signal is not received during a first predetermined period. 12. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, when the terminal starts transmitting the first outgoing signal, the terminal transmits a second predetermined period starting from the end of the first predetermined period. The node device is characterized in that it monitors reception of the signal during a second predetermined period, and stops transmitting the first outgoing signal when the signal is received within a second predetermined period. 13. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 7, and 9 to 12, when the terminal starts transmitting the first outgoing signal, , monitors reception of the signal for a third predetermined period starting from the start of transmission of the outgoing signal, and stops sending out the first outgoing signal when the signal is not received within the third predetermined period. A node device characterized by: