JPS6365161B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a waveguide switch used for switching connections of signals in the microwave band or higher, more specifically a coaxial switch, which is integrated into the waveguide switch and operates in conjunction with the coaxial switch. Relating to a switched waveguide switch.

A waveguide switch is a mechanical switch that has a waveguide connection terminal, and unlike electronic switches such as diode switches, it is characterized by being able to switch to a very large power signal and also having low loss. Therefore, it is often used in fields where there are no other alternatives.

Specifically, it is, for example, earth station equipment in satellite communication, which is long-distance communication.

Satellite communications generally use geostationary satellites in geostationary orbit at an altitude of approximately 36,000 km.

In this long-distance communication, the transmitting power of the satellite communication earth station is reduced to several KW to ensure good quality communication.
It is necessary to increase the power to several tens of KW, and on the other hand, when receiving it, it is an extremely weak signal, so it is necessary to use a low-noise amplifier and to minimize the feeder loss from the antenna to the low-noise amplifier. is required.

The loss of a waveguide switch is, for example, 4 to 6G.
Since it is extremely small at 0.01 dB in the frequency range around Hz, it is optimal as a switching element for the above signal path.

Furthermore, switching between the active communication device and the standby communication device is necessary for the purpose of keeping the failure rate of the communication line low in the communication system. Therefore, if a failure occurs in the waveguide switch inserted in the common part of the signal path, the communication line may be interrupted, so this switch is naturally required to have high reliability. .

For many circuits including waveguide switches, the circuit format shown in FIG. 1 is often used.

In FIG. 1, 2a and 2b represent active and standby amplifiers, respectively, and 1a and 1b represent switches placed on either side of the amplifiers.

3a and 3b are non-reflection terminators.

Here, a case where 2a and 2b are high power amplifiers and a case where they are low noise amplifiers will be explained.
First, in the high power amplifier, a signal to be amplified enters from B, passes through switch 1b, and is input to high power amplifier 2a.

The high power amplifier 2a amplifies the switch 1a.
It is output from A via . High power amplifier 2a
When an abnormality occurs, switches 1a and 1b are switched to the state shown by the broken line in the figure.
Thereby, the signal is amplified and output by the high power amplifier 2b.

Since high power does not pass through the switch 1b, a coaxial switch is used instead of a waveguide switch. On the other hand, since the switch 1a handles high power, a waveguide switch is used.

Next, when 2a and 2b are low-noise amplifiers, the extremely weak signal received by the antenna enters from A and is input to the low-noise amplifier 2a via switch 1a, where it is sufficiently amplified. It is output from B via switch 1b.

When an abnormality occurs in the low noise amplifier 2a, the switches 1a and 1b are switched and the amplifier 2b is used for signal amplification. In this system, switch 1a
Since switch 1b requires low loss, it must be a waveguide switch as in the case of high power amplifiers, but since switch 1b has been sufficiently amplified, it does not require the same low loss characteristics as a waveguide switch. Therefore, a coaxial switch is generally used.

In the communication system described above, the waveguide switch 1a and the coaxial switch 1b must be switched at the same time.

Conventionally, there has been a switch in which a coaxial switch and a waveguide switch are integrated (hereinafter referred to as a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch). were interlocked by mechanical coupling.

Therefore, with this type of mechanical interlocking system, the operation may not be smooth, or it may become worn out and not operate normally, or fine metal particles that have been scraped off may get into the rotating parts and become locked. They often had problems such as being put away and lacked reliability.

For waveguide switches (with or without coaxial), switching speed is important, and it is required to achieve this switching speed with as little drive power as possible. On the other hand, they are used in a wide range of environments from low to high temperatures.

Therefore, in order to increase the switching speed and reduce the driving force in the former case, it is preferable to apply a lubricant such as grease to the mechanical contact parts, but considering the use in a wide temperature range in the latter case, it is not appropriate. do not have. This is because the viscosity of these lubricants changes significantly depending on the temperature, making it impossible to obtain a constant switching speed, and at low temperatures, the viscosity becomes so high that no switching operation may occur.

For this reason, conventional waveguide switches do not use oil-based lubricants and are lubricated, which also solves the temperature problem. However, when working in conjunction with a coaxial switch, the problems mentioned above, ie, abnormal operation due to wear and increased friction, still remain.

It is an object of the present invention to have a highly reliable interlocking mechanism with a coaxial switch, a low driving force during switching, and a very compact coaxial switch and an interlocking section that are easy to assemble. An object of the present invention is to provide a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch.

In order to achieve the above object, a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch according to the present invention includes a waveguide switch,
A coaxial switch is integrated into this waveguide switch, and a predetermined switching is performed by operating a drive rod that protrudes from the coaxial switch case in conjunction with the switching operation of the waveguide switch, and both of the above-mentioned switches. A waveguide switch with a coaxial switch comprising a drive device that provides driving force for switching, an armature made of a magnetic material that operates the drive rod by seesaw-like alternating action, and a transmission of the drive device. A magnetic member is provided in the coaxial switch, and the armature is operated in a see-saw manner by the magnetic action of the magnetic member, thereby interlocking the coaxial switch.

According to the configuration, the object of the present invention is completely achieved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch, which is an embodiment of the present invention, in which a coaxial switch and a waveguide switch are integrally linked. In the figure, W and S are waveguide switch sections, C and S are coaxial switch sections, and D is a drive device section. 3 and 4 are exploded perspective views for explaining the mutual relationship of these three parts.

3 shows the base plate 50 removed, and FIG. 4 shows the back side of the base plate 50.

The overall configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, 1 is a stator of a waveguide switch, and a waveguide connected to an external circuit is connected to the waveguide path 1a.

A rotor 2 is rotatably provided inside the stator 1 . The bearing 3 supports the rotor 2 between the stator 1 and the stator cover 4. The shaft 5 of the rotor protrudes from the stator cover 4,
An index disk 6 is fixed to this protruding portion.

The index disk 6 has a configuration in which parallel grooves 7 are provided in the radial direction, and a permanent magnet 8 is fixed on the opposite side of the parallel groove 7 with the shaft 5 interposed therebetween. This index disk 6 rotates together with the rotor 2 in the direction of arrow A.

In the drive unit D, 51 is a rotary actuator, which is fixed to the base plate 50. An arm 53 is connected to the shaft 52 of the actuator, and a roller shaft 54 is connected to the arm 53. Furthermore, a roller 55 is attached to the tip of the roller shaft 54. This roller 55 is engaged with the groove 7 of the index disk 6 of the waveguide switch section.
The angular displacement and driving force of the actuator 51 are transmitted between the roller 55 and the groove 7 to switch the waveguide switches W and S.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the coaxial switch C/S, showing a cross section including the center of the coaxial connector, and FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the coaxial switch C/S with the cover removed.

In FIG. 5, 71 is a coaxial connector, 72 is a center conductor, 73 is a fixed contact, 74 is a coaxial switch case, and 75 is a cover. A guide hole 75' is bored near the center of the coaxial switch case 74.

A movable piece 78 that connects the fixed contacts 73 is provided between adjacent fixed contacts 73, and this movable piece 78 is attached to the drive rod 77.

The drive rod 77 is slidably inserted into the guide hole 75', and is pressed against the inner wall surface of the cover 75 by a coil spring 76.

In this coaxial switch C/S, as shown in Fig. 6, a fixed contact 73 is directly connected to the center conductor of the coaxial connector.
Four movable pieces 78 are arranged to electrically connect them.

Guide rods 79 contacting each movable piece 78 in units of two prevent the movable piece from swinging laterally, and 80 is a groove forming an outer conductor.

In order to obtain the connection 1b in FIG. 1, the coaxial switch C/S section pushes the four drive rods 77 facing each other simultaneously and alternately the adjacent ones against the coil spring 76. Movable piece 78
is incorporated into the waveguide switch W/S so as to be brought into contact with the fixed contact 73.

This configuration will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, a front view and a bottom view of the coaxial switch mainly showing the mutual relationship between the armature and the permanent magnet.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, two seesaws 81 are provided so as to straddle between adjacent drive rods 77. 82 is the seesaw bearing,
83 is a shaft of the seesaw, 84 is a sleeve that determines the spacing of the seesaw, and 85 is a torsion coil spring for tilting the seesaw 81 to one side. By alternately operating the pair of seesaws 81, the driving rod 77 is pushed, and as a result, a predetermined connection between the connectors is obtained.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining details of the configuration and operation of the seesaw 81, and is a view of the seesaw seen from the side.
90 is a leaf spring, 91 is a pin for fixing the leaf spring to the seesaw 81, and 92 is a hook portion of the torsion coil spring 85. The leaf spring 90 has been displaced in advance and is supported by the tip 93 of the seesaw. 7th
Figure A shows a state in which the seesaw drive lever 89 (the drive lever will be described later) is not touching the seesaw 81, and the seesaw pushes the drive rod 77 on one side by the force of the torsion coil spring and pushes the drive rod on the opposite side. has not been touched. In this state, the seesaw drive lever 89
When the lever is lowered, the seesaw 81 is pushed, and the state in which the drive rod 77 is pushed is reversed from the above state. The two seesaws 81 alternately move in opposite directions in this manner, and the two seesaws 81 alternately move in opposite directions.
The connection is switched as follows.

Next, the structure for causing the seesaws 81 to operate alternately will be further explained with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
88 is an armature made of magnetic material. A seesaw drive lever 89 is integrally attached to the armature 88, a shaft 87 passes through the center thereof, and the armature 88 is supported by a bearing 86 for alternating movement.

Armature 88 has an alternating operation angle of stopper 9.
4.

The drive lever 89 alternately pushes the pair of seesaws 81 by alternating movements centered on the shaft 87 of the armature.

Next, returning to FIGS. 2 and 3 again, the mechanism of the alternating operation of the armature 88 will be explained. A permanent magnet 8 is attached to the index disk 6 on the waveguide switch side.

The rotational displacement is transmitted from the roller 55 of the drive device D, and the indexing disk 6 rotates, so that the rotor 2
rotates, and the connection state of the waveguide switch changes. At the same time, the permanent magnet 8 also rotates around the shaft 5.

Returning again to FIGS. 8 and 9, the relationship between the permanent magnet 8 and the armature will be explained.

The permanent magnet 8 draws a trajectory as shown by a two-dot chain line. The permanent magnet 8 magnetically attracts the armature 88, so that the armature remains tilted to one side, but once the permanent magnet begins to move, it moves toward a neutral state, and when the permanent magnet moves further, it reverses. Eventually, it becomes the opposite state and is maintained. Note that the permanent magnet 8 and the armature are always in a non-contact state.

With the above configuration, the drive device D rotates the rotor of the waveguide switch and at the same time reverses the connection of the coaxial switch.

Since the waveguide switch with a coaxial switch according to the present invention has the configuration as described above, the waveguide switch section and the coaxial switch section are completely linked and switched, and there is no possibility that simultaneous switching will not be achieved or This does not cause the problem of the switch not switching, which is the problem with conventional switches, and it is highly reliable.

Further, since the waveguide switch section and the coaxial switch section are coupled without contact, the structure is simple and easy to assemble, and no adjustment is required.

Furthermore, since there is no friction in the connection between the waveguide switch section and the coaxial switch section, the force transmission loss is small, and by adding the coaxial switch to the waveguide switch, there is almost no change in the load on the actuator. Therefore, there is no need to increase the driving power of the actuator and the capacity of the power source used for driving, and therefore there is an effect of reducing equipment costs.

Furthermore, it is possible to separate the waveguide switch section and the drive device section. Generally, the drive unit is disconnected to confirm its operation, but when reconnecting the waveguide switch unit and drive unit, check whether the connection state of the coaxial switch matches that of the waveguide switch. You don't need to pay attention.

This is because the connection state of the coaxial switch automatically matches the connection state of the waveguide switch depending on the position of the permanent magnet on the waveguide switch side.

The present invention can be modified in various ways with respect to the embodiments described above.

For example, in this embodiment, the armature is made of ferromagnetic metal, but it may also be made of a permanent magnet.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a device using a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the waveguide switch with a coaxial switch according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the coaxial switch section of FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial switch section of FIG. 8 is a front view of the coaxial switch section of FIG. 5, and is shown to explain the operation focusing on the mutual relationship between the armature and the permanent magnet. The figure is also a bottom view of the coaxial switch section. W・S... Waveguide switch section, C・S... Coaxial switch section, D... Drive device section, 1... Stator, 2... Rotor, 3... Bearing, 4... Stator cover, 5... Shaft, 6... Index disk , 7... Groove of index disk, 8... Permanent magnet, 51... Actuator, 52
...actuator shaft, 55...roller, 71
... Coaxial connector, 73 ... Fixed contact, 76 ... Coil spring, 77 ... Drive rod, 78 ... Movable piece, 81 ... Seesaw, 82 ... Torsion coil spring, 88 ... Armature, 89 ... Drive lever.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A predetermined switching is performed by operating a waveguide switch and a drive rod that is integrated into the waveguide switch and protrudes from the coaxial switch case in conjunction with the switching operation of the waveguide switch. In a waveguide switch with a coaxial switch, which is composed of a coaxial switch and a drive device that provides driving force for switching both of the switches, an armature made of a magnetic material is provided to operate the drive rod by a seesaw-like alternating action. In addition, a magnetic member is provided in the transmission section of the drive device, and the armature is operated in a see-saw manner by the magnetic action of the magnetic member, thereby performing interlocking switching of the coaxial switch. Waveguide switch with coaxial switch.