JPS635870B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for electromagnetically heating metal and transferring molten metal using a power source including symmetrization means, and more particularly to a magnetodynamic apparatus.

The present invention is particularly effective when heating metal and pouring the molten metal into a mold while simultaneously making the power line current symmetrical.

A variety of metal pouring devices and batch meters (pneumatic, mechanical, and electromagnetic) are used to automate the operation of pouring metal.

At present, the most suitable for such purposes is the magnetodynamic batchmeter, also known as the magnetodynamic device (abbreviated in Russian as MDU, i.e. “magnitodinamicheskaya”).
The operation of these devices is based on the interaction of electric current and magnetic flux in their operating region.

In the case of alternating current, the efficiency of such devices during metal injection depends not only on the actual values of the current and magnetic flux, but also on their initial phase, which allows the Special conditions are imposed on the parameters and thus on the circuit of the power supply unit. Apart from these characteristics, magnetodynamic devices exhibit asymmetric loading which in the case of polyphase systems leads to asymmetric currents and voltages, thereby affecting the operation of all elements of the power supply system and the MDU itself.

For the above reasons, there is a need for a device that eliminates the negative effects of these defects.

Thus, for example, an inductor and an electromagnet may be provided to which the corresponding voltage of a three-phase power supply line is applied directly or via a power supply unit containing a control transformer, and the voltage applied to the inductor is Magnetodynamic devices are known in which the voltage applied to the electromagnet is made to have a phase lead of 120° (Shidlovskiy AK, Borisov VP
“Simmetrirovanie vuhplechevyh
nesimmetrichnyh nagruzok, primeniteljno k
ustanovkam MDU, sbornik “Povyshenie
effectivnosti ustroistu preobrazovatelnoi
tehniki”, tch.3K, Naukova dumka, 1972,
pp. 335-346). By using a controlled capacitance element and applying the line voltage of the power line to it, the current in the power line is symmetrical.

In these devices, the qualitative characteristics of the electrical energy are not sufficient in the case of three-phase power supply systems. for example,
When heating molten metal using such a magnetodynamic device, when only the inductor is installed in the power supply line, the power factor of the device's output is 0.5 (leading power factor).
It is. This operating condition of the power line is often undesirable. Furthermore, these devices have a high power demand because the currents of the symmetrization element and the load are geometrically combined.

The power supply unit is equipped with a transformer or an autotransformer,
Devices are also known in which a control capacitor and two loads, in particular an inductor and an electromagnet, are connected (see USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 271943). In these devices, the initial phase relationship of the voltage applied to the load is selected to reduce the power demand, including a high power factor inductor with a phase lag (approximately 110°). It is necessary to apply line voltage. However, this does not make it possible to provide the required operating conditions, for example the required electromagnetic force. This is because efficient operation of a magnetodynamic device requires a phase angle of 120° between the voltages applied to the device's electromagnets.

1977, AKShidlovskiy i BPPorisov,...
The literature “Simmetrirovanie odnofasnyh i” by K., Naukova dumka
dvuhplechevyh elektrotehnologicheskih
In the magnetodynamic device published on page 117 of "Ustanovok", an inductor and an electromagnet are connected to a three-phase power line directly or through a power supply unit.
will be installed. If a power supply unit is used,
This power supply unit includes a first autotransformer to which a first line voltage of a multiphase power supply line is applied, and another line voltage that is ahead in phase with respect to the first line voltage of the power supply line. A second autotransformer is provided to apply the power, and a control capacitor is provided to make the current in the power supply line symmetrical. The power supply unit also includes a third autotransformer that powers the electromagnet. All autotransformers have multiple taps that allow all or part of their voltage to be applied to a load; the load of the first autotransformer is an inductor, one lead of which One lead of the control capacitor is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of the autotransformer and one lead of the control capacitor is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of the second autotransformer. In this magnetodynamic device, the second autotransformer acts as a phase shifting element (electromagnetic voltage divider) to achieve the optimal (point of making the current in the circuit symmetrical) determined by the symmetrization conditions. ) supplying a voltage with an initial phase to the control capacitor. First and second autotransformers power the inductor and electromagnet, respectively. Autotransformers powering the electromagnets are underutilized because pouring metal into molds takes up less than 10% of the total production cycle time. The supply of power and the optimal symmetry of the current are therefore carried out separately. In addition to this, the initial phase of the voltage at the input of such devices is not always the optimum phase as it depends on the characteristics of the three-phase circuit, which affects the efficiency of the electrical energy utilization and the overall This results in a decrease in operating efficiency. It should also be noted that if separate autotransformers are used for symmetrizing the current in the three-phase power line and for supplying power, the power demand of the device will increase.

The power ratio of the inductor to electromagnet and the capacitance of the control capacitor are such that all three autotransformers have virtually the same power, so 2
In the case of magnetodynamic devices with more than one inductor and more than one electromagnet, it is necessary to increase the number of autotransformers in the power supply and thus their power, which increases the power demand of the power supply unit. I will invite you.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetodynamic device that increases efficiency through multifunctional use of an autotransformer in a power supply unit.

It is an object of the invention to comprise at least one inductor, at least one electromagnet and a power supply unit electrically connected to this electromagnet via a key, the power supply unit being the first of a multiphase power supply line.
a first autotransformer to which a line voltage of
A second line voltage to which another line voltage whose phase is more advanced than the first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied.
an autotransformer, and a control capacitor for symmetricalizing the current in said power supply line, both said autotransformers discharging a portion or all of the voltage appearing between their respective windings. The load of the first autotransformer is an inductor, one lead of which is connected to a tap of one of the windings of the autotransformer. a magnetodynamic device operatively connected to said electromagnet, and one lead of said control capacitor being operatively connected to one tap of a winding of said second autotransformer; One lead is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of the first autotransformer and the other lead of the electromagnet is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of the second autotransformer. This is achieved in a device characterized in that the electromagnet and the power supply unit are electrically connected by electrically connecting the electromagnet and the power supply unit.

By operatively connecting electromagnets to the taps on the windings of both autotransformers, both autotransformers can be used as a power source and this, in combination with a control capacitor, can be used to control the current in the power line. can be made symmetrical. In such a configuration, it is possible to adjust the initial phase of the voltage applied to the electromagnets, and thus to control the efficiency of a device using only two autotransformers, thereby reducing the power demand of the power supply unit and, therefore, the demand of the entire device. Power can be lowered. This is particularly important when pouring ferrous metals, e.g. cast iron or cast steel.
During operation of the device at full load, an optimal selection of the initial phase relationship of the voltages applied to the loads installed in the circuit can make the electrical energy more efficient by reducing power consumption and improving the quality of the parameters. This can be used to increase the efficiency of the device.

According to the present invention, the power supply unit may be provided with a third autotransformer to which a line voltage whose phase is delayed with respect to the first line voltage is applied, and the third autotransformer is It has a plurality of taps that allow it to apply part or all of the voltage appearing in the windings of this autotransformer to other inductors connected to it.

Such a variant of the magnetodynamic device of the invention allows for a uniform distribution of the load across the phases, which further reduces the power demand of the device.

In the device of the present invention having two electromagnets,
Preferably, a compensation capacitor is placed in parallel with one of the electromagnets and an inductor is connected to the winding of the first autotransformer.

In this variant of the device according to the invention, the conditions for symmetricalizing the current in the power line are improved, the power factor at the input of the device is increased, and the reactive power in the power line is advantageously compensated.

It is also an object of the present invention to have two parallel-connected inductors, two parallel-connected electromagnets, and a power supply unit electrically connected to these electromagnets through a key, and this power supply unit has multiple A first autotransformer to which a first line voltage of the phase power supply line is applied, and a second autotransformer to which another line voltage having a phase lead with respect to this first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied. and a control capacitor for symmetricalizing the current in said power supply line, both said autotransformers transferring a portion or all of the voltage appearing between their respective windings to the load. one common lead of the inductor is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of the first autotransformer, one lead of the control capacitor is a magnetodynamic device operatively connected to a tap on one of the windings of the second autotransformer, the common lead of one of the electromagnets being connected to a tap on one of the windings of the first autotransformer; line 1
The electromagnet and the power supply unit are connected electrically by operatively connecting one tap of the second autotransformer winding and the common lead of the other thereof to one tap of the winding of the second autotransformer. connected to
The other common lead of the inductor and the other lead of the control capacitor are each operatively connected to one tap of the windings of the corresponding second and first autotransformers. This is accomplished in a magnetodynamic device.

It is pointed out that in this variant of the inventive device it is possible to further adjust the initial phase of the voltage applied to the inductor.

Furthermore, when a control capacitor is installed in the circuit as described above, the current density in the windings of the autotransformer can be reduced. A device of such construction, apart from being a source of reactive power (the current at the input of the device advances relative to the phase voltage), stabilizes the line voltage and improves the qualitative characteristics of electrical energy. . At the same time, conditions are maintained that maximize the heat exchange of the channels of the proposed device, and the power demand of the autotransformer is reduced.

In the device proposed here, a modification is conceivable in which the power supply unit is provided with a compensation control capacitor connected to the terminals of the winding of the second autotransformer and the other common lead of the inductor.

The presence of this compensation capacitor further reduces the power demand of the second autotransformer.

Another object of the present invention is to include two parallel-connected inductors, two parallel-connected electromagnets, and a power supply unit, to which the first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied. a second autotransformer to which another line voltage whose phase is advanced with respect to the first line voltage of the power supply line is applied; The third line voltage is delayed in phase with respect to the first line voltage.
a third autotransformer to which a line voltage of
a control capacitor for symmetricalizing the current in said power supply line, each of said autotransformers allowing a portion or all of the voltage appearing between its corresponding windings to be applied to their loads; It has a plurality of taps, and one lead of the control capacitor is connected to one of the windings of the second autotransformer.
one common lead of said inductor is operatively connected to one tap of said first autotransformer winding, and one common lead of said electromagnet is operatively connected to one tap of said first autotransformer winding; a magnetodynamic device operatively connected to one tap of the winding of an autotransformer, and each electromagnet having a respective key in a parallel branch, the common lead of the other of said electromagnets and the other common lead of said inductor is each operatively connected to one tap of the windings of said first and second autotransformers, and the other lead of said control capacitor is connected to said first autotransformer. This is accomplished in a magnetodynamic device characterized in that it is operatively connected to a tap on one of the transformer windings.

In such a construction of the device proposed here, the voltages and initial phases applied to the inductor and electromagnet are broadly controlled while maintaining conditions that maximize heat exchange in the channels of the magnetodynamic device. In this case, a suitable controllable compensation capacitor is placed in parallel with the inductor and the electromagnet.

The presence of this compensation capacitor further reduces the power demand of the device and increases the power factor of the power supply line.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the proposed magnetodynamic device comprises two autotransformers 1 and 2, a control capacitor 3, an inductor 4, and an electromagnet 5. Autotransformer 1, 2 and control capacitor 3
forms the power supply unit of the magnetodynamic device, while
Inductor 4 and electromagnet 5 are the loads of this power supply unit.

This magnetodynamic device is installed in a multiphase power line. FIG. 1 shows the connection of the device to three-phase power lines, designated as busbars A, B and C. The winding 6 of the autotransformer 1 is connected to the line terminals so that the line voltage U〓 _CA is supplied, and the winding 7 of the autotransformer 2 is connected in phase lead with respect to the line voltage U〓 _CA. It is connected so that the line voltage U〓 _BC is supplied. Windings 6 and 7 are provided with taps. An important feature of autotransformers 1 and 2 is that the windings are provided with taps. This is because in such a configuration of windings 6 and 7, a load is operatively connected to any tap of certain selected windings, including the line terminals. The control capacitor 3 is connected to one line terminal of the winding 6 and also to one tap of the winding 7, so that the current in the power supply line is symmetrical.
Current symmetrization takes place in a known manner.

The primary function of the autotransformer 1 is to power an inductor connected to one line terminal of the winding 6 and one tap thereof as shown. Other functions of this autotransformer will be discussed later. The leads of the inductor 4, the control capacitor 3 and the electromagnet 5 are adapted to be switched to either tap of either winding 6 or 7, if necessary.

Electromagnet 5 is connected via its leads to the taps of windings 6 and 7. A key 8 is connected in series to the electromagnet 5, and whether or not the key 8 is installed is determined depending on the conditions in the manufacturing process. The electromagnet 5 is supplied with the combined voltage appearing in each part of the windings 6 and 7. The autotransformer 2 is used as a phase shifting device,
Although this is its main function, it should be noted that the device proposed here also performs other functions, for example to power the electromagnet 5 together with the autotransformer 1.

It is also pointed out that the initial phase relationship of the voltages applied to the inductor 4 and the electromagnet 5 must be constant. Therefore, for example, the proposed magnetodynamic device, which is currently mainly used for pouring cast iron, uses the difference between the phase of the voltage applied to the inductor and the phase of the voltage applied to the electromagnet. One of the above relationships is an electrical angle of 60° to 180°. In the known device, this relationship is determined by the phase relationship of the line voltages of the connecting circuit, which can vary individually by 60° in electrical angle. Therefore, compared to known devices, the magnetodynamic device proposed here can change the above relationship more smoothly, and thus can fully meet the various requirements of metal implantation processes, including the reverse operating mode of the device. Do it like this.

The device of the invention has two main modes of operation: (1) heating the metal in a controlled manner using only the inductor 4, and (2) operating the inductor 4 and the electromagnet 5 simultaneously. This means pouring metal into the metal.

In order to explain the operation of the device proposed here, the load of the power supply unit and the voltages applied to the control capacitor 3 are shown in FIG.

When the device is operated in metal heating mode, the value of the reactive power Q ₃ based on the control capacitor 3 is determined by the vector magnitude of the pulsed power of the inductor 4, i.e. Q ₃ = |N〓 ₄ |= ｜U〓 ₄ I〓 ₄ ｜=｜U ₄・I・e ^J(2 ₄ ^-
₄ ⁾ ｜=｜N ₄・e ^ej 〓 ₄ ｜(1). However, τ ₄ is the vector deviation angle of the pulse power of the inductor 4 , ₄ is the initial phase of the voltage across the inductor 4 , and ₄ is the phase angle of the current of the inductor 4 .

Due to the condition that the current in the power supply line is symmetrical, the deviation angle of the pulsed power vector in capacitor 3 must differ by 180° from the deviation angle of the pulsed power vector in inductor 4, so that the deviation between capacitor 3 The initial phase of the voltage is required to be ₃ =τ ₄ /2+π/4 (2).

In this case, the required transformation ratio of the autotransformer 2 is determined by the following equation according to FIG.

However, the term “autotransformer transformation ratio” refers to the line voltage at the input of the autotransformer; the autotransformer tap connected to the circuit element; (corresponding to the origin of the vector of line voltage applied to a winding transformer).

When the device proposed here is used in metal pouring mode, the electromagnet 5 is connected via a tap key 8 which provides the initial phase and desired value of the voltage applied to it, which tap is connected to the autotransformer 2. It is determined by the following transformation ratio:

where ₅ is the initial phase of the voltage applied to the electromagnet 5, which is required to give the required output. This phase indicates, for a given magnetodynamic device, the dependence of the electromagnetic force (i.e., pressure) on the phase angle between the voltage applied to the inductor and the voltage applied to the electromagnet. Determined from the curve.

The magnitude and deflection angle of the composite vector of the pulsed powers of the inductor 4 and electromagnet 5 are determined by the following equation.

N〓〓=N〓 ₄ −N〓 ₅ =N〓・e ^j 〓〓 (5) The value of the reactive power of capacitor 3 (Q ₃ =N〓) and the required value for the voltage used in this mode of operation. The initial phase (under the condition of making the current symmetric) is:

₃ =τΣ/2=π/4 (6) This is given by a suitable tap of the autotransformer 2 with the transformation ratio K ₂₃ determined by equation (3).

When the magnetodynamic device operates in the controlled metal pouring mode, the transformation ratio K ₂₅ varies with time based on the controlled predetermined power, while the capacitance of capacitor 3 and the initial voltage across this capacitor vary. The phase must be adjusted based on changes in the magnitude N〓 of the vector and the argument angle τ〓 of the vector, and this is done by changing the transformation ratio K ₂₃ .

By connecting the electromagnet leads to separate taps on autotransformers 1 and 2, the range of control over the output of the magnetodynamic device is considerably increased. In this case, the value of the current flowing in the windings 6 and 7 is determined by the vector sum of the currents flowing in the inductor 4, the electromagnet 5 and the symmetrizing capacitor 3, the values of which are permissible for a given mode of operation. It is possible. It should be noted that if the range of control is large, it will be necessary to switch the lead of the capacitor 3 connected to the line terminal of the winding 6 to another tap of this winding. Under conditions such that the transformation ratios of autotransformers 1 and 2 are K ₁ = U _CA /U _C1 ′ _A and K ₂ = U _BC /U _B1 ′ _C , the voltage applied to electromagnet 5 (capacitor 3) is The magnitude and argument of the voltage vector are determined as follows.

For some given value _C1 ′ _B1 ′ and transformation ratio K ₁ ,
The required ratio K ₂ is determined by the following formula:

The line C ₁ 'B ₁ ' in FIG. 5 corresponds to the voltage applied to the electromagnet 5 or the vector of voltage across the capacitor 3 when the electromagnet 5 and the capacitor 3 are connected to the taps of both autotransformers.

Therefore, in the above case, autotransformers 1 and 2
are used to power the corresponding loads and to control the initial phase of the voltage applied to these loads.

FIG. 2 shows a variant of the proposed magnetodynamic device which is used to simultaneously inject metal into two molds.

In addition to the autotransformers 1, 2 and the control capacitor 3, the device includes an autotransformer 9 to which the line voltage U _AB is applied, two inductors 10, 11 and 2.
It also includes two electromagnets 12 and 13. The circuits of the inductor 10 and the electromagnet 12 are switched in the same manner as in the above embodiment. The electromagnet 13 is connected to the power supply unit via the key 14, and the inductor 11 is connected to the common line terminal of the autotransformers 1 and 9, as well as to one tap of the autotransformer 9. The electrical connection between the inductor 11 and the autotransformer 9 is made in the same way as the electrical connection between the inductor 10 and the autotransformer 1, i.e. it is made switchable from one tap to another. It can be done.

As mentioned above, the initial phase relationship of the voltages applied to the inductors 10, 11 and thus the electromagnets 12, 13 must be constant, so that the load is applied via the selected tap based on the mode of operation. By connecting the autotransformers 1, 2 and 9 and connecting the control capacitor 3 to the corresponding taps of the windings of the autotransformer 2, current asymmetries in the power supply lines are eliminated.

It will be appreciated that if molten metal is poured into multiple molds simultaneously, the number of inductors and electromagnets will be increased and the power demand of the autotransformer will be correspondingly increased.

According to one embodiment of the invention, compensating control capacitors 15 and 16 (FIG. 2) are connected in parallel with the inductor 10 and the electromagnet 13, which in this particular case are connected to an autotransformer. The reactive power of the corresponding load is compensated to lower the required power demand of both the capacitor and the control capacitor.

When using this variant of the device proposed here in metal heating mode, inductors 10 and 11
only is energized. The value and phase of the voltage applied to inductors 10 and 11 is selected based on the metal heating rate of the magnetodynamic device by selecting the value and phase of the voltage across inductors 10 and 11. It can be done. Therefore, the starting points of the windings of the inductors 10, 11 must be matched such that the difference between the initial phases of the supply voltage is 60°, the value of 60° being between the channel of the device and the molten metal bath. This value is quite sufficient to provide a strong heat exchange.

In this operating mode, the composite vector of the pulse power of the three-phase power line is the inductor 10 and 11
is equal to the vector sum of the pulse powers of .

N〓〓=N〓 ₁₀ +N〓 ₁₁ ＝N〓e ^j 〓〓 (10) Required capacitance of capacitor 3 (Q ₃ =N〓)
and the initial phase of its voltage are calculated by equation (2) and the required transformation ratio of the autotransformer 2 is determined by equation (3).

In the metal pouring mode of operation, electromagnets 12 and 13 are connected via keys 8 and 14 to corresponding taps (including line terminals) on autotransformers 1 and 2. In this case, the combined vector of pulsed power is the inductor 10, 11 and the electromagnet 12, 13.
is equal to the vector sum of the pulse powers of .

N〓〓=N〓 ₁₀ +N〓 ₁₁ +N〓 ₁₂ +N〓 ₁₃ =N〓e ^j〓〓 (11) This vector is compensated with the help of capacitor 3. The initial phase of the voltage across capacitor 3 is determined by equation (2) or (6), and the transformation ratio of autotransformer 2 is determined by equation (3). Inductors 10 and 11 and electromagnets 12 and 13
Based on the power relationship of In this case, the value and initial phase of the voltage across capacitor 3 are determined by equations (7) and (8) and the required transformation ratio K ₂ is determined by equation (9). Please note that this is determined.

Also, it eliminates the need to switch the capacitor 3,
control capacitor 15 to reduce its power and increase the power factor at the input of the power supply unit of the device.
and 16 can also be used. The capacitances of these capacitors are selected based on conditions that compensate for the pulsed power of inductors 10 and 11;
It is determined by the following equation.

N〓 ₁₀ ＋N〓 ₁₂ ＋N〓 ₃ =N〓 ₁ 〓 (12) N〓 ₁₁ ＋N〓 ₁₃ ＋N〓 ₁₆ ＝N〓 ₂ 〓 (13) N〓 ₁ 〓＋N〓 ₂ 〓＋N〓 ₁₅ ＝0 (14) In the magnetodynamic apparatus shown in FIG. 2, when pouring metal into only one mold, the electromagnet 13
It is convenient to use. This is because in this case the power demand of the control capacitor is reduced.

The device proposed here can also be modified to provide two parallel connected inductors and two parallel connected electromagnets. Equipment of this type is most effectively used when the weight of the castings to be produced, including large capacity crucibles, exceeds 10 to 20 kg. In a device with a crucible of this capacity, it is convenient to use a number of inductors to heat the metal, in which case the device can also pour the metal into two molds.

Now referring to FIG. 3, parallel-connected inductors 17 and 18 are connected to the windings of autotransformers 1 and 2, and parallel-connected electromagnets 19 and 20 are connected to these units through keys 21 and 22. The above relationship is given to the initial phase of the voltage across the inductor and electromagnet connected to the winding of the winding transformer. Control capacitor 23 is connected to the windings of autotransformers 1 and 2 so that its leads can be switched from one tap to another.

Inductor 17,1 connected to autotransformer 2
A compensation control capacitor 24 is installed between one common lead of the transformer 8 and the common line terminal of both autotransformers.
A modification mode that further reduces the power demand (third
) is also considered.

When heating metal in a controlled manner using this magnetodynamic device: - inductors 17 and 18 are then connected to the taps of autotransformers 1 and 2;

- These taps, ie the transformation ratios K ₁ and K ₂ , are selected on the basis of the extent to which they control the voltage across the inductor and the condition of symmetrical current in the power supply lines. The value and initial phase of the voltage across inductors 17 and 18 and control capacitor 23 are determined by equations (7), (8) and (9). The symmetrization conditions for this mode of operation are determined by the following equation.

N〓 ₁₇ +N〓 ₁₈ +N〓 ₂₃ = 0 (15) In this case, one or both of the leads of the control capacitor 23 connected to the windings 6 and 7 of the autotransformers 1 and 2 are connected to the autotransformer. 1 and 2, which may be connected to the line terminals 1 and 2 of the transformer ratio K ₁ on the condition that the initial phase of the voltage across the inductors 17 and 18 must be kept constant.
and K ₂ are selected, it provides an optimal condition that realizes equation (15) and simplifies the control circuit.

In the metal pouring mode of operation, electromagnets 19 and 20 are connected via keys 21 and 22 to corresponding taps on the autotransformer. The value and initial phase of the voltage across the electromagnet are chosen based on the manufacturing process conditions, as before, and the equation
It is given by the corresponding transformation ratio determined by (7), (8) and (9). The value and initial phase of the voltage across control capacitor 23 is determined by the combined vector of pulsed powers from equation (15).

N〓〓=N〓 ₁₇ +N〓 ₁₈ +N〓 ₂₃ =0 (16) The transformation ratio for the capacitor 23 of the circuit shown in FIG. is chosen to minimize the current density. The current density in winding 7 is equal to the current density in control capacitor 2.
is minimized by 4. For this reason, one lead of this capacitor remains permanently connected to one line terminal of the autotransformer 2, and the other lead of this capacitor, together with the leads of the inductors 17 and 18, is connected to one line terminal of the autotransformer 2. Switch to tap. In each particular case, the switching leads of the elements of the circuit shown in FIG. 3 may be connected to the corresponding line terminals of one of the autotransformers. When pouring the metal into a mold, either electromagnet 19 or 20 can be used, in which case the electromagnet is entered into the circuit via the corresponding key 21 or 22. In such a mode of operation of the magnetodynamic device,
No substantial changes occur to the circuit shown in FIG. 3, and the circuit of FIG. 3 is therefore more preferred than the circuit of FIG. 2 in terms of its utility.

FIG. 4 shows a variant which makes it possible to further widen the control range of the device proposed here.

The autotransformers 1, 2 and 9 shown in FIG. 4 are similar to those shown in FIG. 21, 22, a control capacitor 23, and compensation control capacitors 25 and 26. The inductors 17, 18 and the control capacitor 23 are connected to the autotransformer 1 in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. and 9 to maintain the above relationship of the initial phase of the voltages. Compensating control capacitors 25 and 26 are connected to the common leads of the inductor and electromagnet, respectively.

The variant of the device proposed here shown in FIG. 4 operates in such a way that one or two electromagnets are connected in a circuit. The capacitor 26 is configured as two capacitor rows, and each capacitor row is directly connected to its corresponding electromagnet.

In this variant, autotransformers 1 and 2
The conditions for determining the value and initial phase of the voltage applied to the circuit element connected to the tap of As shown in the figure (line C ₂ ′A′), the transformation ratio K ₁ =
It is determined by the following equation using U _CA /U _C2 ′ and the transformation ratio K ₉ =U _AB /U _A ′ _B of the autotransformer 9.

Any phase relationship of the voltage across the inductor, electromagnet and capacitor in the circuit of Figure 4 can be obtained to meet the requirements of various operating modes and to provide high quality electrical energy parameters in the power line. can.

It is clear from the above description that in the various types of magnetodynamic devices proposed here with power supply units, it is possible to use the type of device that is most suitable for the given mode of operation and the metal being implanted. Apart from the improved operating conditions for pouring;
The combined power and symmetrization functions make the electrical energy of the multiphase power line high quality.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the magnetodynamic device of the present invention, and FIG.
3 and 4 are diagrams showing various variants of the device proposed here, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the voltages across the circuit elements of the device proposed here and illustrating its operating principle. be. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...First autotransformer, 2...Second autotransformer, 3...Control capacitor, 4...Inductor, 5...
Electromagnet, 6... Winding of the first autotransformer, 7... Second
winding of an autotransformer, 8... key, 9... third autotransformer, 10, 11... inductor, 15, 16...
Control capacitor for compensation, 17, 18... Inductor connected in parallel, 19, 20... Electromagnet connected in parallel, 21, 22... Key, 23... Control capacitor, 24, 25, 26... Control capacitor for compensation.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Comprising at least one inductor 4, at least one electromagnet 5, and a power supply unit electrically connected to the electromagnet 5 via a key 8,
This power supply unit includes a first autotransformer 1 to which a first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied, and another line voltage whose phase is more advanced than the first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line. is applied to the second autotransformer 2, and a control capacitor 3 that makes the current in the power line symmetrical. Windings 6, 7
A plurality of taps are provided which allow part or all of the voltage appearing between them to be applied to a load, the load of the first autotransformer 1 being an inductor 4, one lead of which one lead of said control capacitor 3 is operatively connected to one tap of winding 7 of said autotransformer 2; In such a magnetodynamic device, one lead of the electromagnet 5 is operatively connected to one tap of the winding 6 of the autotransformer 1 and the other lead of the electromagnet 5 is connected to the second unit. Magnetodynamic device, characterized in that the electromagnet 5 and the power supply unit are electrically connected by operatively connecting to one tap of the winding 7 of the winding transformer 2. 2. A third autotransformer 9 which has two inductors 10 and 11 and to which a third line voltage of the power supply line whose phase is delayed with respect to the first line voltage is applied to the power supply unit. is provided,
This third autotransformer 9 has a plurality of inductors which make it possible to apply part or all of the voltage generated in the windings of this autotransformer 9 to another inductor 11 connected to it. A magnetodynamic device characterized by having a tap. 3 has two electromagnets 12, 13, and compensation control capacitors 15, 16 are connected to the electromagnets 12, 1.
3 and an inductor 10 connected to the winding of the first autotransformer 1, respectively, in parallel. 4 Two parallel connected inductors 17, 18
and two electromagnets 19 and 20 connected in parallel,
and a power supply unit electrically connected to these electromagnets 19 and 20 via keys 21 and 22, and this power supply unit is connected to a first autotransformer to which the first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied. 1, a second autotransformer 2 to which another line voltage whose phase is advanced with respect to this first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line is applied, and a second autotransformer 2 that makes the current in the power supply line symmetrical. and a control capacitor 23, both said autotransformers 1, 2 having a plurality of taps which allow part or all of the voltage developed between their respective windings 6, 7 to be applied to the load. and the above inductor 1
One common lead of 7 and 18 is connected to the above autotransformer 1.
and one lead of said control capacitor 23 is operatively connected to one tap of winding 7 of said autotransformer 2. , the common lead of one of the electromagnets 19, 20 is operatively connected to one tap of the winding 6 of the autotransformer 1 and the other common lead thereof is connected to the winding of the autotransformer 2. The electromagnets 19, 20 are electrically connected to the power supply unit by operatively connecting them to one tap of the inductors 17, 18.
the other common lead of and the control capacitor 23
A magnetodynamic device, characterized in that the other lead of the is operatively connected to one tap of the windings 6, 7 of the autotransformers 2, 1, respectively. 5. The magnetic device according to claim 4, wherein a compensation control capacitor 24 connected to the terminal of the winding 7 of the autotransformer 2 and the other common lead of the inductors 17, 18 is provided in the power supply unit. Mechanical device. 6 Two parallel connected inductors 17, 18
and two electromagnets 19 and 20 connected in parallel,
The power supply unit has a first line voltage applied to the first line voltage of the multiphase power supply line.
a second autotransformer 2 to which another line whose phase is advanced with respect to the first line voltage of the power supply line is applied; A third autotransformer 9 to which a third line voltage whose phase is delayed with respect to the line voltage is applied.
and a control capacitor 23 for symmetricalizing the current in said power supply line, each of said autotransformers 1, 2, 9 diverting a portion or all of the voltage appearing between its corresponding windings to them. It has multiple taps that allow it to apply loads of
One lead of the control capacitor 23 is operatively connected to one tap of the winding 7 of the second autotransformer 2, and one common lead of the inductors 17, 18 is connected to one tap of the winding 7 of the second autotransformer 2. Winding 6 of transformer 1
The common lead of one of said electromagnets 19, 20 is operatively connected to one tap of the winding of said third autotransformer 9, and each electromagnet 19, 20 is a magnetodynamic device having keys 21 and 22 in parallel branches, respectively, in which the other common lead of the electromagnets 19 and 20 and the other common lead of the inductors 17 and 18 are connected to the first and second leads. 2 autotransformers 1, 2, and the other lead of the control capacitor 23 is connected to one tap of the winding 6 of the first autotransformer 1. A magnetodynamic device characterized in that it is operatively connected to a tap. 7. The magnetodynamic device according to claim 6, wherein compensation control capacitors 25, 26 are connected in parallel to the inductors 17, 18 and the electromagnets 19, 20, respectively.