JPS6357360B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a structure in which a slide frame is attached to a mast so as to be movable up and down, a revolving body is attached to the slide frame so as to be rotatable via a turning ring, and a telescoping boom which can be extended and retracted in the horizontal direction is attached to the revolving body. In cargo handling equipment equipped with
The present invention relates to a cargo handling device having means suitable for carrying out cargo handling work on long objects such as steel frames, temporary scaffolding, and concrete forms.

BACKGROUND ART When constructing medium-to-high-rise buildings such as general buildings and nuclear reactor buildings, construction cranes such as the one shown in FIG. 1 have conventionally been used. This crane has a base 1 installed on the ground near building a.
A mast 2 is erected on the top, a guide frame 3 is attached to the mast 2, and a revolving body 4 having an undulating boom 5, a winch, etc. is installed on the guide frame 3. When using such a crane to transport equipment into or out of a building after the steel frame has been assembled, as shown in Figure 1, the equipment must pass through the top of the building, so it is not protected from rain or snow. During bad weather, the scaffolding becomes slippery and dangerous, so cargo handling operations have to be halted. Furthermore, the revolving structure 4 is always located at the top of the mast 2, and the length of the rope between the suspended load on the ground and the boom point is several tens of meters long, and in strong winds the rope is blown by the wind, making cargo handling operations impossible. For these reasons, there is a drawback that the operating rate of the crane is poor.

Furthermore, in the case of conventional cranes, equipment is brought in and taken out through the upper opening of the building, so the building must be built by raising the building from the first floor to the upper floors. For this reason, equipment must be transported to the lower floors of floors with floor coverings using elevators attached to the building.
The distance between the elevator and the equipment installation site becomes longer, which increases the burden on workers who have to transport heavy objects.
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, the floor surface b ₁ of each floor,
Openings c ₁ , c ₂ , c ₃ ... communicating in the vertical direction with b ₂ ...
The equipment is raised and lowered through this opening. However, when lowering the suspended load d, the operator has to pull the rope around, increasing the danger of the work. Moreover, the openings c ₁ , c ₂ , c _{3 .} . . must be closed at the end, which further delays the construction period.

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present inventor has already attached a slide frame to the mast so that it can be raised and lowered via a lifting device, and mounted a rotating body on the slide frame so as to be able to rotate around the mast via a swivel ring. A cargo handling device has been developed in which a telescoping boom, which is a combination of a plurality of booms that can be extended and contracted in the horizontal direction, is attached to the revolving structure. The purpose is to provide a structure suitable for carrying out cargo handling work.

In order to achieve this objective, in the present invention,
A sliding frame is attached to the mast so that it can be raised and lowered via a lifting device having a winch for lifting and lowering and a rope for lifting. A telescopic boom is installed, which is a combination of multiple booms that can be extended and contracted in the horizontal direction, and a long jib is installed horizontally at the tip of the telescopic boom via a swivel device, and a hoisting rope is attached from both ends of the jib. A hoisting winch for winding the hoisting rope is provided on the first stage boom, and rotates in conjunction with the drum of the boom extension/retraction winch. an auxiliary drum is provided, and the end of the hoisting rope is wound around the auxiliary drum so that when the boom retracting rope is wound up and let out, the end end side is also taken up and let out, and the winding by the auxiliary drum is The ratio v ₂ /v ₁ of the winding and unwinding speed v ₂ of the upper rope to the winding and unwinding speed v ₁ of the boom expansion and contraction rope by the boom expansion and contraction winch is equal to the number of times n in the hoisting rope hoist (v ₂ /
v ₁ = n).

An embodiment of the cargo handling device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows the entire cargo handling device, and the cargo handling device of this embodiment has legs 6a near the building.
Masts 6 are fixedly erected, and units of unit length are added and combined according to the height of the building.
, a slide frame 7 mounted to be movable up and down so as to surround the mast 6, a lift device for the slide frame including a winch 8 for lifting and lowering installed on the slide frame 7, and a slide frame 7 that rotates on the slide frame 7. It is configured by combining a revolving body 10 attached via a ring 9 and a plurality of (four in this embodiment) booms 11a to 11d attached to the revolving body 10 so as to be extendable and retractable in the horizontal direction. A telescopic boom 11 and a horizontally long jib 12 attached to the tip of the telescopic boom.
(see FIG. 4), and a horizontally long hoist 13 which can be hoisted up and down from both ends of the jib 12 by hoisting ropes 90a, 90b.

The mast 6 of this embodiment is configured in a lattice shape so that its planar shape is quadrangular. That is,
As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of horizontal frames 15 are erected at intervals vertically between adjacent four vertical columns 14 each having a connecting seat 14a at the upper and lower ends. Between 15 and 15, the load is distributed by connecting two diagonal frames 16 with their upper ends connected to the middle part of the upper horizontal frame and their lower ends connected to the joint between the horizontal frame 15 and the vertical column 14. The unit mast is added by aligning the connecting seats 14a and connecting them with bolts and nuts.

A guide roller 160 (see FIG. 5) that makes the slide frame 7 roll inward along the vertical columns 14 of the mast 6, which is made up of a combination of similar vertical columns, horizontal frames, and diagonal frames.
By providing a sliding member, etc., the slide frame 7
A gap is provided between and the mast 6.

The mounting structure of the turning ring 9 installed at the upper end of the slide frame 7 is as shown in FIG.
The outer ring 9a of the swing ring 9 is placed on the outer ring 9a and fixed with bolts 18 and nuts 19, and the lower frame 10a of the revolving body 10 is placed on the inner ring 9b rotatably supported inside the outer ring 9a, and the bolts 20 and nuts are placed on the inner ring 9b. 21. The rotating body 10 has circular holes 22, 2 in both the lower frame 10a and the upper frame 10b.
3 is provided, and the mast 6 is connected to each circular hole 22, 23.
It penetrates the part without contact. The rotating body 1
A part of the lower frame 10a of 0 extends outward to form a motor mounting flange 10c on which a turning motor 24 with a reduction gear is mounted, and an external gear integrated with the outer ring 9a is mounted on its output shaft. pinion 25 that meshes with
is attached, and the rotating body 10 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 24.
is designed to rotate around the mast 6.

The mechanism for raising and lowering the revolving body 10 and the slide frame 7 is constructed as follows. A circular stand 28 is provided at the bottom of the slide frame 7, and a winch 8 is installed on the stand 28. As shown in Figure 8,
A pin hole 30 is provided in the center of the two opposing horizontal frames 15 at the top of each mast 6, that is, the front and rear or left and right horizontal frames 15, and as shown in FIG. A rectangular frame 34 is provided with a pin hole 31 in the center of the front and rear or left and right frame parts, and sheave blocks 32 and 33 are attached to the left and right or front and rear sides.
It fits onto the top of the mast 6 and is removably attached by inserting the pin 35 into the pin holes 31 and 30. In some cases, the pin hole 30 is omitted and the pin 35 is placed on the horizontal frame 15 for engagement. On the other hand, corresponding sheave blocks 36 and 37 are attached to the same surface of the slide frame 7 as the sheave blocks 32 and 33, and two lifting ropes are wound and let out by the lifting winch 8. One of the ropes 38 and 39, that is, the rope that is hung from the winch 8 to the sheave block 32 on the same side as this, is shown in Figures 5 to 7.
As shown in the figure, the part on the way from the winch 8 to the sheave block 32 is the mast 6 and the slide frame 7.
and a guide roller 4 that guides the rope 38 to the slide frame 7 so as not to contact the rotating body 10.
0 is installed, and between the sheave blocks 32 and 36 are the slide frame 7, the revolving structure 10, and the mast 6.
It is inserted in a non-contact state into the gap between the two, and the terminal end is connected to the slide frame 7. The other rope 39 is connected to the slide frame 7 and the rotating body 10 so as to surround the mast 6 in a non-contact manner by the four guide sheaves 41 to 44 installed on the slide frame 7.
The space between the sheave blocks 33 and 37 is inserted into the gap between the slide frame 7 and the rotating body 10 and the mast 6 in a non-contact manner. The terminal end is connected to the slide frame 7.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 9, the telescoping boom 11 is made up of metal beams combined into a rectangular cylindrical shape, and is supported by a boom telescoping winch 67 on the first stage boom 11a. The boom is extended and retracted by moving the boom extension rope 69 and the boom retraction rope 70 in opposite directions (that is, when one is extended, the other is contracted). 49a to 49c, 50a to 50c are stoppers that come into contact with each other when the boom is extended;
3' is a guide member that also serves as a spacer between each stage boom, 71 to 77, 79 to 84 are guide sheaves for each rope, and 78 and 85 are the fourth stage boom 1 for each rope.
1d, and each rope 69, 70 is inserted into a gap formed by a guide member 53 between each stage boom, at different heights.

The jib 12 is fixedly attached to the fourth stage boom 11d in a direction extending forward or backward from the boom in the same direction as the boom, or in a direction perpendicular to the boom or at an obtuse or acute angle. However, in this embodiment, it is attached so as to be freely pivotable via a pivot device 120. As shown in FIG. 10, the swing device 120 connects an inner ring 122 of a swing ring to a cylindrical body 121 fixed to the tip of a fourth stage boom 11d using bolts 123 and nuts 1.
24, and the outer ring 125 of the swing ring is connected to the jib 1.
A bolt 127 is attached to a cylindrical body 126 fixed at the base end of 2.
By connecting the jib 12 with a nut 128, the jib 12 can be freely rotated with respect to the fourth stage boom 11d, and the flange 1 provided on the cylindrical body 121
29 is equipped with an electric motor (or hydraulic motor) 130 with a reduction gear, and a pinion 131 attached to its output shaft is meshed with the tooth groove on the outer periphery of the outer ring 125. The jib 12 is configured to rotate.

As shown in FIG.
36 is attached, and sheaves 137 to 140 on which hoisting ropes 90a and 90b are hung are attached to both ends of the jib 12, respectively. These hoisting ropes 90a, 90b are wound up and let out by a hoisting winch 68 as shown in FIG. 3, and the hoisting ropes 90a, 90b are wound around as shown in FIG. There is. That is,
Hoisting rope 9 paid out from hoisting winch 68
0a and 90b are respectively hooked on sheaves 91, 91' and 92, 92' at the rear end of the first stage boom 11a, passed through the inside of each stage boom 11a to 11d, and connected to the sheaves 141, 142 in the cylindrical body 121, respectively. Then, the cylindrical body 126 integrated with the jib 12
the sheaves 137, 139 and the sheaves 13 at both ends of the hanging tool 13.
3, 134, the sheaves 138, 140, the sheaves 145, 146 in the cylindrical body 126, the sheaves 147, 148 in the cylindrical body 121;
Sheaves 100, 10 at the rear end of the first stage boom 11a
0' and sheaves 101, 101', and is wound in the same direction as the boom retraction rope 70 around the drum 102, which is interlocked with the drum of the boom extension/retraction winch 67. By changing the drum diameter or the drum rotation speed, The winding speed of the hoisting ropes 90a, 90b by the boom extension/retraction winch 67 is set to be twice the winding speed of the boom extension/retraction ropes 69, 70 by the boom extension/retraction winch 67.

Among the sheaves, sheaves 139 to 148 installed in the cylindrical bodies 121 and 126 are
As shown in FIG. 12, each sheave is attached in a swinging manner so that the direction of each sheave can be changed when the cylindrical body 126 rotates relative to the sheave 21. That is, the frame 15 integrated with the cylindrical body 121 or the cylindrical body 126
0, a mounting pipe 154 provided with a bracket 152 at one end and a retaining ring 153 at the other end is rotatably inserted into the pipe 151, and is rotatably mounted on the bracket 152 with a shaft 155 as a fulcrum. One of the sheaves 139 to 148
As the cylindrical body 126 rotates, that is, the jib 12 rotates, these sheaves tilt to ensure smooth rotation of the sheave and to prevent undue force from being applied.

When electric motors are used as the drive motors of the winches 67, 68 and the lifting winch 8 and the swing motor 24, electrical connections to these motors are made as shown in FIG. That is, the terminal box 1 is placed on the top of the slide frame 7.
03 and a cylindrical body 104 supporting the outer ring 9a, the primary terminal of the terminal box 103 is connected to a cable 105 connected to a ground power source,
The secondary terminal is connected to a conductive ring 106 provided on the inner periphery of the cylindrical body 104, and the conductive ring 106 contacts a brush 108 attached to the outer periphery of the inner cylindrical body 107 integrated with the inner ring 9b. The winch 6 is connected to the winch 6 via a cable 109 connected to the brush 108 of
Electric power is supplied to the motors 7 and 68 and the swing motor 24.

Further, the secondary terminal of the terminal box 103 is connected to the power line 10.
9 and an operating line 110 to a control panel 111 installed on the slide frame 7, and the secondary side of the control panel 111 is connected to the motor of the lifting winch 8, the safety rope winding motor 112, and the emergency brake. The output line of the tension detector 114 of the lifting ropes 38 and 39 is connected to the control panel 111. The details of the safety rope retraction motor 112 and the emergency brake operating device 113 are not shown in the figure, but to give an overview, the safety rope retraction motor 112 is installed on the slide frame 7, and is connected to the bracket by the pin 35, for example. A safety rope 117, which is hung on a sheave 116 suspended via a sheave 115 and tied at one end to the slide frame 7, is wound up as the slide frame 7 moves up and down so that the tension of the safety rope is constant. On the other hand, when the tension detector 114 detects a decrease in tension due to rope cutting, etc., the emergency brake operating device 113 operates the brake of the safety rope retraction motor to move the slide frame 7 and the revolving structure 1.
0 and the boom 11 are supported by a safety rope 117.

FIG. 13 shows the working situation using the cargo handling device of this embodiment. When hoisting equipment such as reinforcing bars, concrete forms, temporary scaffolding, etc. from the ground, the telescopic boom 11 is kept in the retracted state, and the hoisting drive the winch 68 to lower the hanging tool 13 to the ground,
After hanging the equipment on the hoist 13, the hoisting winch 68
is driven in the hoisting direction to hoist the hoist 13 until it is close to the jib 12, then the swing motor 24 is driven to direct the boom 11 toward building a, and the boom extension winch 67 is moved to extend the boom. Rope 69
is driven in the direction in which it is wound. Since the rope 69 is wound around the guide sheaves 73 to 77 as shown in FIG. 9, the boom 11 is extended by the winding length of the rope 69 as the rope 69 is wound. The boom retraction rope 70 is let out by the same length. At this time, the hoisting rope 90 wound around the drum 102 interlocking with the winch 67
a and 90b are also paid out at twice the speed of the rope 70, but the lowering speed of the hoisting tool 13 is the same as that of the hoisting rope 90.
Since it is half the feeding speed of a and 90b,
The height of the hanging tool 13 is kept constant regardless of the extension of the boom. Generally, a hoisting rope 90 is wound around the auxiliary drum 102 and the hoisting winch 68.
The speed of a and 90b v ₂ and the speed of the elastic rope 70 v ₁
between v ₂ /v ₁ = n (n is the hoisting rope 90a,
It is only necessary that the relationship (multiplying number in the hanger 13 of 90b) is established. By this boom extension operation, the long hanging load d is leveled and opened at the side opening e of the building a.
It can be carried inside the building. Conversely,
When the boom telescoping winch 67 is driven in the direction of winding the boom retracting rope 70, the boom 11 retracts in the opposite manner to the above, and the suspended load d is carried out of the building while maintaining a constant height.

In this way, this crane is equipped with a telescopic boom that can be extended and retracted in the horizontal direction, so by carrying out cargo handling operations with the roof of the building installed, work can be carried out safely even in bad weather, and ropes can be blown due to strong winds. Since there is no fanning, work can be done even in strong winds, improving work efficiency.It is also possible to carry out cargo handling work deep inside the building, which reduces the burden on workers. The work of blocking c ₁ to c ₃ is also no longer necessary. In addition, since the boom position can be set to any desired height using the lifting winch 8, mobility is increased and the crane can also be used as an elevator. It becomes possible to move from the position indicated by the dotted chain line to the position indicated by the solid line.

However, in the cargo handling device of the present invention, a long jib is provided at the tip of the boom, and a long hoisting device is suspended from both ends of the jib using a hoisting rope. By hanging the cargo horizontally instead of vertically, and by placing the lifting tool 13 in contact with the jib 12, cargo handling work can be carried out without the load being swayed by the hoisting ropes 90a and 90b. Even if the width of the opening e is narrow, equipment can be carried in and out. Furthermore, in this example,
Since the jib 12 is attached to the boom so that it can rotate freely, as shown in FIG. It is possible to set long objects (scaffolding, etc.) in the direction along the vertical axis, and it is possible to assemble and disassemble long equipment much more efficiently than when hanging vertically.

As described above, in the cargo handling device of the present invention, a long jib is attached to the tip of a horizontal telescopic boom, and a long hoist can be hoisted up and lowered using two hoisting ropes from both ends of the long jib. Because of the drooping, long objects can be carried in and out of the building, and by working with the hanging equipment close to the jib, it is possible to carry out work without shaking the long object. It becomes possible. Further, according to the cargo handling device of the present invention, even objects that are not long can be transported without any problem. Furthermore, since the slide frame can be raised and lowered continuously relative to the mast, loads can be easily transported to each floor.

In addition, since the winch for hoisting the long hoisting equipment is not installed on the jib but on the first stage boom, the load movement of the hoisting winch does not affect the tip of the boom, and If so, it is possible to install a winch larger than that at the tip of the boom, so the hoisting load can be increased.

Furthermore, since the boom is extended and retracted using a telescoping winch and a rope, it is possible to construct a larger boom compared to one that uses a cylinder.

Further, an auxiliary drum that rotates in conjunction with the drum of the boom extension/retraction winch is provided, and the end of the hoisting rope is attached to the auxiliary drum, and when the boom retraction rope is wound up and let out, the end side is also taken up and let out. and the ratio v _{2 /} v 1 of the winding and unwinding speed v ₂ of the hoisting rope by the auxiliary drum and the winding and unwinding speed v ₁ of the boom telescoping rope by the boom telescoping winch is the winding speed. Equal to the number of hangers on the upper rope hanging device (v ₂ /v ₁ = n)
Even if the beam is extended or contracted by driving the beam extension winch, the hoisting rope will be hoisted up and lowered by the same amount as the boom extension or contraction. The height never changes. Therefore, for example, when carrying a suspended load into or out of a building as described above, there is no need to adjust the height of the lifting equipment and the amount of boom extension/contraction each time the work is carried out. is made extremely easy.

Furthermore, even if the hoist is hoisted and lowered while the boom is extended and retracted, the amount of hoisting and lowering of the hoist is the same as when the boom is not extended and retracted. This makes it possible to realize a crane with high mobility. Furthermore, as a means for achieving the synchronization, it is possible to synchronize the hoisting winch itself with the boom extension/retraction winch so that the height of the hoist remains unchanged; The winches cannot be lowered independently, and it is inevitable that the electrical and mechanical configurations for linking the two winches will become complicated. On the other hand, in the apparatus of the present invention, the object is achieved by installing a drum or the like for winding up and feeding out the terminal end of the hoisting rope, and the apparatus can be realized easily and at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional cargo handling crane, Figure 2 is a side view of a conventional cargo handling crane.
The figure shows a working situation when a conventional crane is used. Figures 3 to 14 show an embodiment of the cargo handling device according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the entire assembled state, and Figure 4. is a perspective view showing the boom in an extended state, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the combined structure of the mast, revolving body, and lifting device of the cargo handling device, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the rope hook of the lifting device. Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the ropes of the lifting device, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the top of the mast, Fig. 9 is a diagram of the boom combination and extension rope arrangement, and Fig. 10 is the jib rotation device. 11 is an arrangement diagram of a hoisting rope, FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing an example of a guide sheave device used in the jib turning device of FIG. 10, and FIG.
The figure is a side view showing a working situation using the cargo handling device, and FIG. 14 is a plan view showing another working situation. 6...Mast, 7...Slide frame, 8...Elevating winch, 10...Swivel body, 11...Telescopic boom, 12...
Jib, 13... Hanging tool, 68... Hoisting winch, 90
a, 90b...Hoisting rope.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sliding frame is attached to the mast so that it can be raised and lowered via a lifting device having a lifting winch and a lifting rope, and a rotating body is installed on the sliding frame so as to be able to rotate around the mast via a turning ring, and the rotating body is A telescopic boom consisting of a combination of multiple booms that can be extended and contracted in the horizontal direction is attached to the telescopic boom, a long jib is attached horizontally to the tip of the telescopic boom via a swivel device, and hoisting is carried out from both ends of the jib. A hoisting winch that suspends a long hoisting tool horizontally so that it can be hoisted up and down by a rope, and a hoisting winch that winds up the hoisting rope is attached to a first hoisting winch.
An auxiliary drum is provided on the stage boom and rotates in conjunction with the drum of the boom telescoping winch, and the terminal end of the hoisting rope is attached to the auxiliary drum, and the terminal end is attached to the auxiliary drum when the boom retracting rope is wound up and let out. The winding rope is wound so that the side is also wound up and let out, and the ratio v _{2 of the winding and feeding speed of the hoisting rope by the auxiliary drum v 2} to the winding and feeding speed v ₁ of the boom expansion and contraction rope by the boom expansion and contraction _winch. 1. A cargo handling device for long objects, characterized in that /v ₁ is configured to be equal to the number of times n in a hoisting rope (v ₂ /v ₁ =n).