JPS6355621B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6355621B2 JPS6355621B2 JP14711382A JP14711382A JPS6355621B2 JP S6355621 B2 JPS6355621 B2 JP S6355621B2 JP 14711382 A JP14711382 A JP 14711382A JP 14711382 A JP14711382 A JP 14711382A JP S6355621 B2 JPS6355621 B2 JP S6355621B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- heat exchanger
- heat
- refrigerant
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明はヒートポンプ給湯機において特に太陽
熱利用システムに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a solar heat utilization system in particular in a heat pump water heater.
従来例の構成とその問題点
従来のこの種のヒートポンプ給湯機としては、
空気熱源によるもの、あるいは空気熱源に付加
し、太陽熱コレクターで得た温水を熱源にしてヒ
ートポンプを補助するシステム、あるいは太陽熱
コレクタ自体をヒートポンプの蒸発器として構成
した直膨型コレクターによるシステム等が提案さ
れている。これら従来方式において、空気熱源に
よるヒートポンプ給湯機は外気より吸熱してヒー
トアツプするものであるからヒートポンプの蒸発
器温度を外気温度以上で運転することは不可能で
あるから、外気温度、エンタルピーでヒートポン
プのCOPに限界があり、当然省エネルギー効果
にも限度がある。Conventional configuration and its problems As a conventional heat pump water heater of this type,
Systems that use an air heat source, systems that supplement a heat pump by using hot water obtained from a solar collector as a heat source in addition to an air heat source, and systems that use a direct expansion type collector in which the solar collector itself is configured as an evaporator for the heat pump have been proposed. ing. In these conventional methods, heat pump water heaters using an air heat source absorb heat from the outside air and heat up, so it is impossible to operate the heat pump's evaporator temperature above the outside air temperature. There are limits to COP, and naturally there are limits to energy saving effects.
又、上記空気熱源方式に付加して太陽熱コレク
ターで得た温水を熱源にするシステムにおいては
空気熱源のみに比べて日射時の蒸発温度上昇に併
うヒートポンプのCOPの向上とこれによる省エ
ネルギー効果は期待できるが、太陽熱の集熱構成
のために別途に温水循環用のポンプ、水配管、ヒ
ートポンプとの熱交換器等の設備の増大と冬期の
循環水系の凍結防止保証、さらに集熱回路とヒー
トポンプ系の相互運転制御の複雑さがあり、実用
の域に達していない。 In addition, in addition to the above air heat source method, in a system that uses hot water obtained from a solar collector as a heat source, it is expected that the COP of the heat pump will improve as the evaporation temperature increases during sunlight compared to an air heat source alone, and this will result in energy savings. However, in order to collect solar heat, additional equipment such as pumps for hot water circulation, water piping, heat exchangers with heat pumps, etc. must be added, and a guarantee is made to prevent freezing of the circulating water system in winter, as well as a heat collection circuit and heat pump system. Due to the complexity of mutual operation control, it has not reached the level of practical use.
又、太陽熱コレクターをヒートポンプの蒸発器
とする直膨型コレクター方式の場合は、コレクタ
ーが直接ヒートポンプの蒸発器を構成しているの
で日射時には蒸発温度が上昇し、これに伴なうヒ
ートポンプのCOPの向上と省エネルギー効果は
空気熱源方式に比べて期待出来る。又、コレクタ
ーへの循環はヒートポンプ冷媒回路そのものであ
るから簡単である。しかし、直膨型コレクター方
式は、コレクターでの冷媒蒸発集熱自体がヒート
ポンプ運転であるために、単に太陽熱集熱単独機
能運転にもかかわらず圧縮機の運転を要している
ので、いかなる日射時でも圧縮機動力を除去する
ことは出来ないと共に、日射のない場合における
ヒートポンプ運転をどうするのか、湯温の確保を
いかにするかの問題がある。 In addition, in the case of a direct expansion type collector system in which the solar collector is used as the evaporator of the heat pump, the collector directly constitutes the evaporator of the heat pump, so the evaporation temperature increases during solar radiation, and the COP of the heat pump increases accordingly. Improvements and energy saving effects can be expected compared to air heat source systems. In addition, circulation to the collector is simple because it is the heat pump refrigerant circuit itself. However, in the direct expansion type collector system, since the refrigerant evaporation and heat collection in the collector itself is a heat pump operation, the compressor operation is required even though the solar heat collection function is solely operated. However, it is not possible to remove the compressor power, and there are also problems with how to operate the heat pump in the absence of sunlight and how to ensure the temperature of the hot water.
以上の様にヒートポンプ給湯機の従来構成には
種々あるが、いずれにおいても実用域に達するに
は問題を有していた。 As mentioned above, there are various conventional configurations of heat pump water heaters, but all of them have had problems before they can be put into practical use.
発明の目的
本発明はかかる従来の問題を解決するもので、
空気熱源ヒートポンプ給湯機の冷媒回路を利用し
て太陽熱集熱回路を構成し、簡単なシステム構成
で省エネルギー効果を得ることを目的とするもの
である。Purpose of the invention The present invention solves the conventional problems,
The purpose of this project is to construct a solar heat collection circuit using the refrigerant circuit of an air-source heat pump water heater, and to obtain an energy-saving effect with a simple system configuration.
発明の構成
この目的を達成するために本発明は、ヒートポ
ンプの凝縮器を第１温水熱交換器と第２温水熱交
換器の２分割にて構成すると共に、前記第１温水
熱交換器の出口側に弁を設け、第１減圧機構から
太陽熱コレクターへ循環した後に第２温水熱交換
器へ流す冷媒回路と、第２温水熱交換器へ直接流
す冷媒回路とを切換える様に成したものである。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the present invention configures a condenser of a heat pump into two parts, a first hot water heat exchanger and a second hot water heat exchanger, and an outlet of the first hot water heat exchanger. A valve is provided on the side to switch between a refrigerant circuit that circulates from the first pressure reduction mechanism to the solar heat collector and then flows to the second hot water heat exchanger, and a refrigerant circuit that flows directly to the second hot water heat exchanger. .
この構成によつて、ヒートポンプの圧縮機から
流入した冷媒は先ず第１温水熱交換器で水を加熱
と凝縮した媒は、水温より太陽熱コレクターの温
度が高い場合には弁の動作により冷媒は第１減圧
機構から太陽熱コレクターへ循環し冷媒が加熱蒸
発して第２温水熱交換器で再度水を加熱し凝縮液
化することにより、ヒートポンプの圧縮機からの
冷媒による水加熱と、同一冷媒の循環による太陽
熱コレクターからの冷媒による水加熱の２重加熱
効果作用を有する。 With this configuration, the refrigerant flowing from the compressor of the heat pump first heats and condenses water in the first hot water heat exchanger.If the temperature of the solar collector is higher than the water temperature, the refrigerant is transferred to the first 1. The refrigerant circulates from the pressure reduction mechanism to the solar collector, heats and evaporates, and the water is heated again in the 2nd hot water heat exchanger to condense and liquefy, thereby heating the water with the refrigerant from the heat pump compressor and circulating the same refrigerant. It has a double heating effect of water heating by the refrigerant from the solar collector.
さらに、前記第１温水熱交換器と熱交換する水
の温度に対して第２温水熱交換器と熱交換する水
の温度の方が低い温度になる様に、第２温水熱交
換器を配して構成したものである。 Furthermore, the second hot water heat exchanger is arranged so that the temperature of the water that exchanges heat with the second hot water heat exchanger is lower than the temperature of the water that exchanges heat with the first hot water heat exchanger. It was constructed as follows.
この構成によつて、第２温水熱交換器で凝縮す
る冷媒の圧力、温度を低くすることが出来るの
で、この凝縮冷媒圧力、温度に応じて太陽熱コレ
クターの集熱温度も低くなり、集熱効率の向上と
集熱量の増加作用を有することになる。 With this configuration, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant condensed in the second hot water heat exchanger can be lowered, so the heat collection temperature of the solar collector is also lowered according to the condensed refrigerant pressure and temperature, which improves the heat collection efficiency. This has the effect of increasing the amount of heat collected.
実施例の説明
以下、本発明の一実施例と第１図、第２図を用
いて説明する。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
第１図において、１は圧縮機、２はアキユムレ
ータ、３は空気を熱源とする蒸発器、４は室外フ
アン、５は第２減圧機構、６は第１温水熱交換
器、７は第２温水熱交換器、８は冷媒回路を切換
える弁、９は第１減圧機構、１０は太陽熱コレク
ターで以上によりヒートポンプ給湯機の冷媒回路
を構成している。１１は貯湯槽、１２は循環ポン
プ、１３は給水管、１４は出湯管である。なお、
貯湯槽１１内は、ヒートポンプで加熱した温湯層
１５と加熱前の水層１６に２分されている。 In Fig. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is an accumulator, 3 is an evaporator that uses air as a heat source, 4 is an outdoor fan, 5 is a second pressure reduction mechanism, 6 is a first hot water heat exchanger, and 7 is a second hot water A heat exchanger, 8 a valve for switching the refrigerant circuit, 9 a first pressure reducing mechanism, and 10 a solar heat collector constitute the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump water heater. 11 is a hot water storage tank, 12 is a circulation pump, 13 is a water supply pipe, and 14 is a hot water outlet pipe. In addition,
The inside of the hot water storage tank 11 is divided into two: a hot water layer 15 heated by a heat pump and a water layer 16 before heating.
以上の構成において本発明の特徴とするところ
は、ヒートポンプの凝縮器として第１温水熱交換
器６と第２温水熱交換器７の２分割にて構成する
と共に、前記第１温水熱交換器６の出口側に弁８
を設けて、第１温水熱交換器６から出た冷媒を第
１減圧機構９から太陽熱コレクター１０へ循環し
た後に第２温水熱交換器７へ流す冷媒回路と、第
１温水熱交換器６から第２温水熱交換器７へ直接
流す冷媒回路とを切換える様にした点と、前記第
１温水熱交換器６と熱交換する水の温度に対し
て、第２温水熱交換器７と熱交換する水の温度の
方が低−温度になる様に、第２温水熱交換器７を
循環ポンプ１２から送水側に配して成る点にあ
る。 The features of the present invention in the above configuration are that the condenser of the heat pump is divided into two parts, the first hot water heat exchanger 6 and the second hot water heat exchanger 7, and the first hot water heat exchanger 6 Valve 8 on the outlet side of
A refrigerant circuit is provided in which the refrigerant discharged from the first hot water heat exchanger 6 is circulated from the first pressure reduction mechanism 9 to the solar collector 10 and then flows to the second hot water heat exchanger 7, and from the first hot water heat exchanger 6. The refrigerant circuit that flows directly to the second hot water heat exchanger 7 is switched, and the temperature of the water that exchanges heat with the first hot water heat exchanger 6 is changed to the second hot water heat exchanger 7. The second hot water heat exchanger 7 is arranged on the water supply side from the circulation pump 12 so that the temperature of the water is lower.
上記構成におけるヒートポンプの運転動作は次
の様になる。蒸発器３において屋外フアン４から
の外気から吸熱し蒸発した冷媒はアキユムレータ
２を経て、圧縮機１で高温高圧にされ、第１温水
熱交換器６へ流入する。この時循環ポンプ１２で
循環される水と熱交換器することにより温水を作
り、貯湯槽１１の上方側から温湯層１５を作つて
行く。第１温水熱交換器６で凝縮した冷媒は、水
層１６の温度に対して太陽熱コレクター１０の温
度が高い場合には弁８の動作により第１減圧機構
９により水層１６の温度との関連で１次減圧され
太陽熱コレクター１０に流入する。太陽熱コレク
ター１０で加熱され蒸発した冷媒は弁８から第２
温水熱交換器７で水層１６から送られる温度の低
い水と熱交換しある温度の温水を作る。つまり本
発明のヒートポンプ給湯機においては圧縮機１か
ら吐出した冷媒ガスを第１温水熱交換器６で一度
凝縮液化した後に太陽熱コレクター１０で集熱蒸
発させ、第２温水熱交換器７で再凝縮液化させる
ことにより、２重の冷揃凝縮潜熱で温水を作るこ
とになる。この様に再凝縮液化した冷媒は第２減
圧機構５から蒸発器３への通常のヒートポンプ媒
循環サイクルを行なう。 The operation of the heat pump in the above configuration is as follows. The refrigerant that absorbs heat from the outside air from the outdoor fan 4 and evaporates in the evaporator 3 passes through the accumulator 2, is made high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 1, and flows into the first hot water heat exchanger 6. At this time, hot water is produced by a heat exchanger with the water circulated by the circulation pump 12, and a hot water layer 15 is created from the upper side of the hot water storage tank 11. When the temperature of the solar collector 10 is higher than the temperature of the water layer 16, the refrigerant condensed in the first hot water heat exchanger 6 is reduced in relation to the temperature of the water layer 16 by the first pressure reduction mechanism 9 by the operation of the valve 8. It is first depressurized and flows into the solar collector 10. The refrigerant heated and evaporated by the solar collector 10 is transferred from the valve 8 to the second
A hot water heat exchanger 7 exchanges heat with low temperature water sent from the water layer 16 to produce hot water at a certain temperature. In other words, in the heat pump water heater of the present invention, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is once condensed and liquefied in the first hot water heat exchanger 6, then collected and evaporated in the solar heat collector 10, and recondensed in the second hot water heat exchanger 7. By liquefying it, hot water is produced using double latent heat of condensation. The refrigerant thus recondensed and liquefied undergoes a normal heat pump medium circulation cycle from the second pressure reduction mechanism 5 to the evaporator 3.
なお、日射のない場合等、太陽熱コレクター１
０の温度が貯湯槽１１の水層１６の温度以下の場
合には、弁８の動作により圧縮機１からの冷媒は
第１温水熱交換器６から直接第２温水熱交換器７
へ流れて凝縮液化する周知の空気熱源のみによる
ヒートポンプの冷媒循環サイクルを行うものであ
る。又、１３は給水管、１４は出湯管である。 In addition, when there is no solar radiation, solar heat collector 1
0 is lower than the temperature of the water layer 16 of the hot water storage tank 11, the refrigerant from the compressor 1 is transferred directly from the first hot water heat exchanger 6 to the second hot water heat exchanger 7 by the operation of the valve 8.
The refrigerant circulation cycle of the heat pump is performed using only the well-known air heat source, which flows into the air and condenses into a liquid. Further, 13 is a water supply pipe, and 14 is a hot water outlet pipe.
第２図は太陽熱集熱運転時のヒートポンプサイ
クル特性をモリエル線図にて示したものである。
縦軸ｐは圧力、横軸ｈはエンタルピー、Ｇはガス
線、Ｌは液線である。サイクル特性図上のａは圧
縮機１の吐出つまり第１温水熱交換器６の入口状
態、ｂは第１温水熱交換器６の出口状態、ｃは第
１減圧機構９の出口状態、ｄは太陽熱コレクター
１０の出口状態、ｅは第２温水熱交換器７の出口
状態、ｆは第１減圧機構５の出口状態、ｇは蒸発
器３の出口状態である。この特性図において本発
明の特徴とするところでａ〜ｂ〜ｃ〜ｄ〜ｅの変
化である。つまり、エンタルピー差（ｄ−ｃ）が
太陽熱の集熱相当量であり、ａ〜ｂとｄ〜ｅの２
重凝縮液化特性によるヒートポンプの加熱能力の
向上を示している。 Figure 2 shows the heat pump cycle characteristics during solar heat collection operation using a Mollier diagram.
The vertical axis p is pressure, the horizontal axis h is enthalpy, G is gas line, and L is liquid line. On the cycle characteristic diagram, a indicates the discharge state of the compressor 1, that is, the inlet state of the first hot water heat exchanger 6, b indicates the outlet state of the first hot water heat exchanger 6, c indicates the outlet state of the first pressure reducing mechanism 9, and d indicates the outlet state of the first hot water heat exchanger 6. e is the exit state of the solar collector 10, e is the exit state of the second hot water heat exchanger 7, f is the exit state of the first pressure reduction mechanism 5, and g is the exit state of the evaporator 3. In this characteristic diagram, the characteristics of the present invention are changes from a to b to c to d to e. In other words, the enthalpy difference (d-c) is the equivalent amount of solar heat collection, and the two of a to b and d to e
This shows the improvement in the heating capacity of heat pumps due to heavy condensation and liquefaction characteristics.
発明の効果
以上の様な本発明のヒートポンプ給湯機によれ
ば次の様な効果が得られる。Effects of the Invention According to the heat pump water heater of the present invention as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
ヒートポンプの凝縮器を第１温水熱交換器と
第２温水熱交換器の２分割にて構成すると共
に、前記第１温水熱交換器の出口側に弁を設け
第１減圧機構から太陽熱コレクターへ循環した
後に第２温水熱交換器へ流す冷媒回路と、第２
温水熱交換器へ直接流す冷媒回路とを切換える
様に成しているので、圧縮機からの冷媒を第１
温水熱交換器で凝縮液化させた後、太陽熱コレ
クターで集熱蒸発させ、第２温水熱交換器で再
凝縮液化させることにより、２重の冷媒凝縮潜
熱で温水を作ることが出来る。従つて加熱能力
の向上したヒートポンプ給湯機を得ることにな
る。 The condenser of the heat pump is configured in two parts, a first hot water heat exchanger and a second hot water heat exchanger, and a valve is provided on the outlet side of the first hot water heat exchanger to circulate from the first pressure reduction mechanism to the solar collector. a refrigerant circuit that flows into the second hot water heat exchanger after
Since the refrigerant circuit is configured to flow directly to the hot water heat exchanger, the refrigerant from the compressor is transferred directly to the hot water heat exchanger.
After condensing and liquefying in a hot water heat exchanger, collecting and evaporating the heat in a solar heat collector, and re-condensing and liquefying it in a second hot water heat exchanger, hot water can be produced using double latent heat of refrigerant condensation. Therefore, a heat pump water heater with improved heating capacity is obtained.
太陽熱コレクターへの集熱循環系は、ヒート
ポンプの冷媒系を用いているので、循環のため
のポンプ動力も不要であり省エネルギー効果が
大で、且つ、水循環系の様な凍結の問題もな
く、ヒートポンプ冷媒回路の構成のみで簡単な
太陽熱集熱循環系を構成出来る。 The heat collection circulation system for the solar heat collector uses a heat pump refrigerant system, so there is no need for pump power for circulation, resulting in a large energy saving effect. A simple solar heat collection circulation system can be constructed by simply configuring the refrigerant circuit.
太陽熱コレクターへの冷媒循環系は、水層の
温度との関係で一次減圧し、集熱温度を低下さ
せているので集熱効率の向上と集熱量の増加を
行うことが出来る。 The refrigerant circulation system to the solar heat collector is primarily depressurized in relation to the temperature of the water layer, and the heat collection temperature is lowered, making it possible to improve heat collection efficiency and increase the amount of heat collection.
第１図は本発明によるヒートポンプ給湯機の構
成図、第２図は本発明によるヒートポンプサイク
ル特性図である。
１……圧縮機、３……蒸発器、６……第１温水
熱交換器、７……第２温水熱交換器、８……弁、
９……第１減圧機構、１０……太陽熱コレクタ
ー、１１……貯湯槽、１２……循環ポンプ、１６
……水層。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump water heater according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing heat pump cycle characteristics according to the present invention. 1... Compressor, 3... Evaporator, 6... First hot water heat exchanger, 7... Second hot water heat exchanger, 8... Valve,
9...First pressure reduction mechanism, 10...Solar heat collector, 11...Hot water storage tank, 12...Circulation pump, 16
...water layer.
Claims (1)
第２温水熱交換器の２分割にて構成すると共に、
前記第１温水熱交換器の出口側に弁を設け、第１
減圧機構から太陽熱コレクタへ循環した後に第２
温水熱交換器へ流す冷媒回路と、第２温水熱交換
器へ直接流す冷媒回路とを切換えたヒートポンプ
給湯機。 ２ 前記第１温水熱交換器と熱交換する水の温度
に対して、第２温水熱交換器と熱交換する水の温
度の方が低い温度になる様に第２温水熱交換器を
配した特許請求の範囲第１項記載のヒートポンプ
給湯機。[Claims] 1. The condenser of the heat pump is configured into two parts: a first hot water heat exchanger and a second hot water heat exchanger, and
A valve is provided on the outlet side of the first hot water heat exchanger, and the first
After circulating from the pressure reduction mechanism to the solar collector, the second
A heat pump water heater that switches between a refrigerant circuit that flows to a hot water heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit that flows directly to a second hot water heat exchanger. 2. The second hot water heat exchanger is arranged so that the temperature of the water that exchanges heat with the second hot water heat exchanger is lower than the temperature of the water that exchanges heat with the first hot water heat exchanger. A heat pump water heater according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57147113A JPS5935756A (en) | 1982-08-24 | 1982-08-24 | Heat pump hot water feeder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57147113A JPS5935756A (en) | 1982-08-24 | 1982-08-24 | Heat pump hot water feeder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5935756A JPS5935756A (en) | 1984-02-27 |
| JPS6355621B2 true JPS6355621B2 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
Family
ID=15422814
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57147113A Granted JPS5935756A (en) | 1982-08-24 | 1982-08-24 | Heat pump hot water feeder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5935756A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK179964B1 (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-07 | Danfoss A/S | Domestic water re-heating |
-
1982
- 1982-08-24 JP JP57147113A patent/JPS5935756A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5935756A (en) | 1984-02-27 |
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