JPS6355593A - Waveform synthesizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a waveform synthesis device used in electronic musical instruments and the like.

[Background of the invention]

Conventionally, digital information representing a waveform is stored in a memory and accessed at a speed corresponding to the interval to be generated to reproduce the original waveform. this(
In case A, the memory contains, for example, 1' CM (Pulse
Describe the waveform expressed in Code Modulailon or the entire period from its beginning to its end.
It is common that

By the way, when storing +d type information using such PCM technology, for example, a RO
Generally, the waveforms are recorded in M, but the performer cannot obtain the desired waveform by making various changes, which results in a lack of versatility.

For example, a user records natural sounds through a microphone, etc., and uses this as a sound source waveform to generate musical tones of a musical scale tone. However, it was not possible to change the memorized waveform, and it lacked interest.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waveform synthesis device that is highly versatile.

[Summary of the invention]

The gist of this invention is that the waveform ms expressing a waveform of a predetermined period is
The purpose is to input the envelope information for the waveform in the history t, and generate waveform 1'# information representing the waveform from the beginning to the end of the waveform from this information.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Examples of the present invention will be described below. Figure g1 is a first embodiment showing the principle of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an input device, and each card-board device Ft or character,
A graphic input device can be used @this input device f! ! 1, waveform information indicating one cycle of the waveform is input to the memory 2, and an envelope f# fji indicating the envelope is input to the long memory 3.

Now, the memory 2 is divided into M parts, so that one period of the waveform is represented by N sample points, and the correlation value of each sample point is stored as digital information. Similarly, the memory 3 is divided into N parts, and the envelope that determines the foreground is expressed by N sample points and stored as digital information.

4 in the figure is a waveform synthesis section, which synthesizes the information read from the memory 2 and memory 3 by calculations such as multiplication, and obtains a waveform Tf! outputs the information and supplies it to addition t[5. The output of this JM El unit 5 is then supplied to the memory 6.

This memory 6 is divided into L parts, and stores waveform information for the entire period from the start of the waveform to the end of the waveform, expressed as L sample points. Then, the waveform information stored in the memory 6 is accessed and sent to the audio device, thereby generating the high-pitched tone.

Further, the output of the memory 6 is fed back to the waveform synthesis section 4 via the switch 7. In other words, -degree memory 6
By multiplying the waveform information stored in the memory 3 by the envelope information stored in the memory 3, new waveform information from the beginning to the end of the waveform can be obtained, and it can be stored in the memory 6 again. .

Further, the output of the memory 6 is supplied to an adder 65 via a switch 8.

In other words, 121! which is newly output from the r&form synthesis unit 4 for the waveform information representing all the waveforms from the beginning to the end of the waveform stored in the memory 6! Shape information 7JO
11 synthesis, and a waveform -t'#N representing all the waveforms from the beginning to the end of the new waveform obtained as a result can be written in the memory 6.

Next, the operation of each τ1 diagram will be explained with reference to FIG. 42. First, one cycle of waveform information and envelope information are stored in each of the memories 2 and 3 by operating the input device 1. Now, the cycle number f that determines the cycle of the waveform in this memory 2 is specified. The waveform synthesis unit 4 converts these two pieces of information into 9! Then, at the sampling frequency fsamp, the sequential wave Luna I! The information is calculated and sent to the memory 6.

By the way, this waveform synthesis corresponds to performing the transformation expressed by the following equation. l (i) = W((i
-! ! ! P ) % M ) 1(i-1)
and % represents the order of integer calculation.

samp Tsumari, (iX-)1M41, (iX42)woM-
cf It expresses the glory when divided by f.

Therefore, the memory 2 is repeatedly accessed to output waveform information, which is multiplied by the envelope information output from the memory 3, and new waveform information is generated from the waveform synthesis section 4.
Written to memory 6.

Therefore, through the above processing, the waveform ↑# information representing the entire waveform from the beginning to the end of the waveform can be obtained from the waveform information and envelope information for one round.

Next, it will be explained how to calculate a new waveform ↑+9'vJ1 by combining the waveform information stored in the memory 6 and the waveform information obtained by the same processing as described above.

That is, at this time, when the switch 8 is closed, the waveform 1'ff'4t'(i) calculated based on the information obtained from the memory 2 and the memory 3 and the waveform 1'ff'4t'(i) calculated from the memory 6
The waveform information obtained by converting the waveform t# m t (i) written in ta, that is, by executing the process expressed by the following equation, is stored in the memory 6.

["Ci )=t (i)+W'((iX""')
%Ai) Xe' (-t)f
L = t(i)+t'(i) Therefore, as is clear from the above explanation, by repeating this process, it is possible to obtain an arbitrary waveform by synthesizing the waveform obtained by multiplying the arbitrary waveform by the envelope by the α number. It looks like this.

Therefore, for example, if the waveform to be stored in the memory 2 is changed to the fundamental wave of the sine wave, the second harmonic, the third harmonic, t, etc., the corresponding envelope is stored independently in the memory 3. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a waveform synthesizer ff of a sine wave synthesis type in which the content rate of harmonic components changes with time.

In this way, it is possible to easily obtain waveform information of musical tones whose timbre changes over time.

Next, for the waveform information stored in the memory 6,
The process of multiplying the envelope #4 by 1 will be explained. That is, by opening switch 8 and closing switch 7, 1v! is written in memory 6. The wave that was done was e-kiyo@t'
"(i) is supplied to the waveform synthesis section 4, and is multiplied by the envelope information e"(i) stored in the memory 3 in the waveform synthesis section 4.

That is, the process is expressed by the following equation.

t"(i)=t"(i)Xe"["] In this way,
By multiplying the waveform information representing the waveform from the beginning to the end stored in the degree memory 6 by envelope information, it is possible to calculate waveform information having a different envelope.

Next, a second embodiment will be described in which the principle circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1 is realized using a concrete digital circuit.

Memo 'J12, 13.16 is memory 2.3 of the first embodiment
．． 6, the multiplier 14 corresponds to the waveform synthesizer 4 of the first embodiment, and the adder 1X corresponds to the) Jug 55 of the first embodiment.
Corresponds to JC, and game) 17 and 18 correspond to switch 7.8 in the @11111i example. Note that a gate opening/closing signal a4+gt is applied to the gate 17, and a gate opening/closing signal (d, g!) is applied to the gate 18.

The memories 12 and 13 store waveform information and envelope multiplication information supplied from an input device (not shown). The address counters 19 and 20 specify each address, and the programmable frequency divider 21
, 22 are sequentially incremented. The programmable frequency dividers 21 and 22 are set with values that determine the frequency division ratio as described later, and the basic clock generator 23 counts the basic tally clock φ, and its carry output is sent to the above address. Increment of counter 19.20 (becomes 1).

In addition, there is a latch 24 in front of the memory 16;
15 outputs are latched. The address counter 25 specifies the address of the memory 16, and receives a carry signal from the programmable frequency divider 26 and performs an increment operation to generate and output an address (m).

That is, the programmable divider 26 is preset with 11α, which determines the frequency division ratio as described later, and the carry output generated by counting and spreading the basic clock φ generated by the basic clock generator 23 corresponds to the address mentioned above. This serves as a count input to the counter 25 and also serves as a read command No. 14 to the latch 24.

When starting the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, a start signal 5TART is applied to put the basic clock generator 23 into an operational state, and a clear signal CLI (.) is applied to the address counters 19, 20, and 25. and initialize its contents.Then, the above memo 1J12, 1
At 3.16, the read/write signal R/W is applied to the head of the operation, and the switching between reading and 6-input is controlled. Also, when the keying signal is output from the address counter 25, Since all the processing has been completed, the stop fd number 8TOP is applied to the basic clock generator 23. As a result, the basic clock φ is no longer output from the basic clock generator 23, and the operation end signal is 0. Therefore, in order to accomplish 4, in this example, the waveform information is first stored in the memory 12. 11M periods are input, and envelope information is also input into the memory 13. In that case, set a predetermined value, for example 1, in the programmable frequency divider 21, and successively input the waveform information.
-, or set a predetermined value, for example, l, in the programmable frequency divider 22, and input envelope information one after another.

Then, from the information stored in these two memories 12 and 13, waveform information representing all the waveforms from the start F/J to the end of the waveform is generated and written into the memory 16. At this time, a gate signal g is given to the gate 17,
Multiplier 14 is provided with the output of memory 2, and now each memory 2, 13 .
It is assumed that the 16 memory lengths M, N, and L take values that are powers of 2.

At that time, the programmable frequency divider 21゜22
．． For example, the following value is set in 26. That is, the programmable frequency divider 21 is set to 4+ft1, and the programmable frequency divider γ1 is set to the value L-xtmμ.
f and set 11α to the programmable frequency divider 4S26. Therefore, the corresponding address counter 9
, 20.25, the programmable frequency division 521.2
The count command is given when the basic clock φ is interrupted by 2,262% (N).

After the start signal s'r A I(, T is given, each memo 1J12.13 is accessed with the corresponding speed 1 change, and after it is multiplied in the east'jI unit 14, the JJU The data is latched into the latch 24 via the multiplier 15. Therefore, the latch 24 latches the applied data when the output (No. 1) from the programmable frequency divider 26 arrives, and then writes it into the memory 16.

Therefore, waveform T# information representing the entire waveform from the beginning to the end of the waveform is sequentially written into the memory 16. The operation ends when the address counter 25 outputs Kya IJ-48.

Next, for the waveform information stored in the -degree memory 16,
The case where different waveforms f#@ are W-extracted and added and synthesized will be explained again. That is, in that case, write memo 1J12, 13 in advance.
Set a new waveform 1 cycle of f'R information and envelope 1η information to , and generate new waveform information by multiplying both of them in the same way as the subordinate and upper dd, and this time,
Gate No. 16 g2 is given to the gate 18 to open it, and pre-stored waveform information accessed and output from the memory 16 is given to the JJrJ multiplier 15, and the output from the multiplier 14 is JJkl it. The output is then applied to the latch 24.

Therefore, in the memory 16 of σ1 Mako, in advance! +5 waveform ff1 information is sequentially output, and new waveform information is written in the same memory area after AU. Therefore, when the carry number a is output from the address counter 25, the new waveform fI# signal obtained by the synthesis has been written into the memory 6.

Next, a case will be described in which the waveform information written in the memory 6 is multiplied by a new envelope 1η signal 'Q'. At this time, gate 17 is given gate 1, g is supplied to multiplier 14, and the output of waveform memory 16 is supplied to multiplier 14, and the output of memory 3 which records the envelope is multiplied by 1° Rub it so that it comes off.

At this point, the programmable frequency divider 22.degree. 26 can be operated by supplying 1[1i,1. As a result, the waveform information stored in the memory 16 is read out, new envelope information is added, a new waveform trend is generated, and -) is written into the memory 16. Reko becomes seven.

In this way, in this embodiment, it is possible to use the digital circuit #t1 to obtain the same processing results as in the first embodiment.

Next, a third embodiment of the invention will be described.

j5j H. In this embodiment, the same operation is performed by the processing of an electronic computer such as a personal computer, and as shown in FIG. The personal computer 30 has a keyboard 32 and a digitizer 33 as input devices 31. I
QJ, the keymate 32 has a number of keys for inputting commands and data, and the digitizer 33 has, for example, a waveform diagram drawn on a piece of paper placed on it. Or change the envelope diagram to operator 33.
-1 operation enables input while tracing the figure on the paper.

In addition to the digitizer, the input device i for inputting such two-dimensional sitting body information may be a mouse, a light ben, a trackball, etc. It can also be input by writing .

This personal computer 30 also has a CPU (central processing unit fft) 35, which controls all operations. /
Memory such as H, AM package (51st! to be described later)
! 36).

Mata, the 1 connected to this personal computer 30
The #i child Nvi musical instrument 40 is provided with a keyboard 41, a speaker 42, etc. on its outer surface, and the resulting waveform information processed by the personal computer 30 is transferred and stored.

Therefore, in this electronic N-board musical instrument 40, this waveform preference is
It is accessed with a signal corresponding to the f# frequency and generates the musical tone.

Figure 5 shows the circuit configuration of the device shown in Figure 4.
As mentioned above, the personal computer 30 includes an input device 31. connected to the pass line BUS. CRT3
4. There is a CPU 35 and a memory 36, and from the tIl type file information and envelope information input into the CPU 35, the same processing as in the above-mentioned Jl and 2nd practical examples is performed from the beginning of the waveform. The waveform information representing the entire waveform up to the end of the output is generated, and the waveform f#m is converted into in-7 ace (Ilo).
Through the circuit 37, the CPU 4 of M9 in the electronic μ-board musical instrument 40
Send to 3.

11, in the child @ drum instrument 40, the CPO 43 stores all the dynamically transferred waveform t# information in the waveform #tsubakiri 44.

Then, the CPU 43 detects the input from the keyboard 41,
The waveform memory 44 is accessed at a speed corresponding to the pressure. The waveform f1 read out from this waveform memory 44
The first signal is converted into an analog signal by the audio device 45, subjected to true chamber filtering, and amplified, and then supplied to a speaker and emitted as sound.

Although the third embodiment of glN of the present invention has been described in detail above, there are the following modifications.

That is, in the above embodiment, one period of waveform FA information is stored in advance as waveform 'rfi information, but this is not limited to one period; for example, a waveform of multiple periods can also be stored. Alternatively, it may be a waveform such as a cow cycle, and based on the stored waveform information, a curved shape from the beginning to the end of the waveform may be generated according to the envelope information.

In addition, in the above embodiment, waveform information of a predetermined period is set in advance in the device by manually inputting it, and the waveform ↑# information for the entire period from the beginning to the end of the appearance is generated from this waveform information and envelope information. , This waveform information is synthesized with new waveform information obtained using the same procedure as before, to create a waveform that is a thread different from the original waveform, and whose harmonic components change over time. For example, R
, Waveform ↑rl 8 that expresses the waveform between all IJ'1 from the beginning to the end set in advance by OM etc.
．． For k, input another waveform ↑n information by manual input or the like, add 1 and synthesize it to create a new waveform Tt!
i may be generated.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, waveform information representing the entire period from the start of the waveform to the end of the waveform is retrieved in advance, and a completely different envelope is manually input to the waveform information to create a waveform with an envelope of j. I tried to calculate the information, but
For example, an envelope specified by manual input is added to the waveform f'I4 representing the entire waveform from the beginning to the end recorded in advance in a ROM, etc., and a separate envelope is created. Alternatively, waveform information having the following values may be generated.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the waveform was expressed using PCM, but as a method for digitally expressing the waveform, DPCM (Differential Pulse
se Code Modulation), DNi
(Delta Modulation), ADM
(Adaptive Delta Modula
It goes without saying that it is possible to use each > m method such as i 1on).

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, - In this invention, waveform information representing a waveform of a predetermined period is input, envelope information for this waveform is inputted, and the waveform from the beginning of the waveform to the end of the waveform is determined from this information. Since the waveform information expressing the waveform information is generated, it is possible to easily synthesize and output the waveform tfI information, and it is also effective because waveforms of various shapes can be input.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show the implementation of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of the Z1 embodiment, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an example of the Z1 embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the outer shell of the third embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of the third embodiment. 1... Input device'Ft, 213 #6...
...Memory, 4...Waveform synthesis section, 5...
...JM calculation i17.8...Switch, 12,1
3.16...Memory, 14...5JI
Im vessel, 15... Divine vessel, 17.18...
...Gate, 19.20.25...Address counter, 21
．． 22.26...Programmable frequency divider, 30
...Personal Combiator, 33...
・Digitizer-140...Electronic keyboard instrument.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A waveform information input means for inputting waveform information representing a waveform of a predetermined period; an envelope information input means for inputting envelope information for determining an envelope for the waveform; and a period of the waveform and a time length of the envelope. waveform information generating means for generating waveform information representing a waveform from the beginning to the end of the waveform from the waveform information and the envelope information according to the relationship; and the waveform information generated by the waveform information generating means. A waveform synthesis device comprising: storage means for storing; and a waveform synthesis device. (2) The waveform synthesis device according to claim 1, wherein the waveform information input means inputs the waveform information based on handwritten input. (3) The waveform synthesis device according to claim 1, wherein the envelope information input means inputs the envelope information based on handwritten input.