JPS6355220A - Earthquake resistant foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an earthquake-resistant foundation for mainly protecting residences and buildings by eliminating the impact of earthquakes, for example.

The base has an actuating damper which prevents the transmission of vibrations, the actuating damper consisting of a pressure chamber sealed with an elastic material, for example a rubber band.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Special foundations are applied in areas where the effects of vibrations, especially earthquakes, are expected. One of these systems is a vibration damping basis that utilizes a spring and piston combination, but it is an expensive system, thus preventing its widespread use. Another method is damping with steel buffer springs, but this is unsuitable because the damping effect is insufficient.

The third method is a rubber spring solution, where the load is supported by a rubber plug. However, rubber eventually hardens and loses its effectiveness.

A well-known method is vibration damping by resilient plastic frameworks, but this has the disadvantage that the vibrations induce strong movements in the upper floors of the building.

Solutions developed in the last ten years include the Federal Republic of Germany Patent No. 2.628,276 (GFRPat, N
o.

2.628.276) is noteworthy. The key to this solution is that an elastomeric sliding shoe is located between the base and the superstructure. Two plates are located between the shoe and the superstructure, the free movement of these plates being improved by a lubricating layer. The upper plate is secured to the lower portion of the superstructure. Although the transmission of seismic horizontal forces is indeed impeded in this way, dot-like support geometries are undesirable as the effects of resonance can create dangerous excess moments within the building, which in some cases can lead to damage. obtain.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,206 (If, S. Pat.
No. 4,222.206) discloses a completely different solution, which can be used for buildings placed on the ground. Earthquake forces are not transferred to the "floating" building because the building is completely covered by a liquid that dampens the forces generated by "floating" in a liquid-filled depression.It is very expensive; and the fact that it is unsuitable for protecting high-rise buildings from vibrations are both disadvantages of this method.

A considerably more advanced method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,266,379 (
υ, S, Pat, No. 4,266.379). In this case too, liquids are used for protection against earthquakes. The liquid is formed into pads of appropriate geometry and volume, which relate to each other like connected ships. The capacitance of the pad can be varied within wide limits and with a reasonable pad pattern it is possible to dissipate the energy generated from any direction. Although these features are clearly advantages, the hydraulic system described is slow in nature and operates reliably only at low vibrations. Rapid changes in direction cannot be followed, and high frequency vibrations are transmitted without adequate damping.

The most advanced method known is Hungarian Pat No. 180.621.
No.

180.621).

The point is an elastic plastic spring system between the base and superstructure, which consists of both an actuating damper, which can have a high deflection, and an energy absorber made of plastic material. The actuating damper consists of a sandwich-like structure with steel and rubber sheets, and the energy absorber consists of a number of steel spikes. The disadvantage of this good solution is that it also takes on more or less point-like support and can in some cases lead to undesired resonances.

The aim of the invention is to develop a gas foundation with which buildings can be protected from vibrational effects, first of all from seismic vibrations, while keeping the general construction technology unchanged.

The invention is based on the recognition that an air chamber between a building or machine and the earth can absorb vibrations. As the earth moves, the air within the chamber absorbs the vibrations, leaving the building as an inertial object. If it is a vibrating machine, the damped vibrations are transmitted to the surroundings.

[Means for solving problems]

According to the purpose, the seismic foundation according to the present invention is mainly useful for protecting houses and buildings from vibrations, such as eliminating the destructive effects of earthquakes, and the foundation has a vibration damping structure that can prevent the transmission of vibrations. , its vibration damping structure is made of suitable elastic material,
It consists of a pressurized air chamber, preferably sealed with e.g. a rubber band, which chamber is located between two reinforced concrete blocks at the bottom of the whole building, which is limited by the contours of the ground surface, and whose surfaces are covered with reinforced concrete plates, preferably with steel plates. are sealed facing the pressurized chamber, and the two reinforced concrete plates are arranged such that the bolt head is located in the relief of the lower plate and the threaded end of the bolt with nut and spring washer is located in the relief of the upper plate. are connected to each other by releasable fasteners, e.g. bolts, the upper plate is laterally supported by some resilient material, preferably a spring, to take away the wind forces, and the lower plate is connected to one another by releasable fasteners, e.g. Felt and supplementary asbestos sheets will be provided.

A further possible feature of the invention is that the rubber band can be connected to the isolation steel plate with suitable projecting plates and releasable fasteners, such as bolts. The rubber band is provided with a protective net on the side opposite the pressure chamber.

According to the basis of the preferred embodiment, the spring is located in an apertureable axis (S haft), and the end of the spring opposite the upper plate is supported in reinforced concrete independent of the upper plate.

The main advantage of the foundation according to the invention is that it takes advantage of the remarkable recognition of previous solutions, namely that it uses a sealed pressure chamber' to effectively damp the movements generated from seismic effects. This can be achieved by using However, the pressure chamber does not consist of a liquid of the kind pointed out in the previous invention, but of a gaseous medium, preferably pressurized air. This realization is not only a material replacement, but also a supreme intuition, since gases can permit elastic deformation and damp vibrations more effectively than incompressible liquids. Furthermore, problems arising from the slow nature of hydraulic systems can also be avoided.

The structural and technical advantages of the foundation according to the invention are that no modification of the structural elements is required even if the building is placed on an air cushion, the foundation can be easily understood and the cost does not increase by more than 10%. , hence the fact that its widespread application will not encounter any technical or economical difficulties.

The details of the invention may be described on the basis of the attached drawings.

EXAMPLE Referring to FIG. 1, a detailed vertical cross-section of a foundation is shown. There is a pressurized space 3 between the two reinforced concretes 1 and 2. The reinforced concrete plate L2 has a separating steel plate 4, and the pressurized space 3 between the plates 1, 2 is sealed with a rubber band 5. Two reinforced concrete plates 1 and 2 are connected to each other with bolts 6. The head 6a of the bolt 6 is located in the relief 1a of the lower plate l, and the threaded end 6b of the bolt with the nut 60 and spring washer 6d is in the relief 2a of the upper plate 2. The lateral parts of the upper plate 2 are equipped with springs 7 to remove the lateral force of the wind. Above the lower plate 1 is a felt sheet 10 and above it is an asbestos layer 11.

The rubber band 5 is connected to the isolation steel plate by bolts 16 and suitable protruding plates 8. The outer side of the rubber band 5 opposite to the pressurized space 3 is covered with a protective net 9.

Referring to FIG. 2, a detailed vertical section of the building foundation is shown. The spring 7 has a shaft that can be opened.
The end of the spring located within 12 and opposite the upper plate 2 is connected to a surface of a reinforced concrete surface 13 that is independent of the upper plate 2. Isolation steel plate 4 is stop 14
It is fixed to plates 1 and 2. The spring 7 can be surrounded by a dust cover 15 if required.

The foundation realized according to the invention can be utilized both for buildings and machines in seismic areas.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an enlarged sectional view of the main parts of the foundation, and Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the building's foundation. 1.2... Reinforced concrete plate, 3... Pressurized space, 4... Isolation steel plate, 5... Rubber band,
6... Bolt, 7... Spring, 10
... Felt sheet, 11... Asbestos layer. Margin below! H Procedural amendment (formality) Date 9/I, 1985

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seismic foundation for protection mainly against vibrations in residences and buildings, for example, to eliminate the impact of an earthquake, and the foundation has an operating damper that can prevent the transmission of vibrations, and the foundation has an operating damper that prevents the transmission of vibration. The damper consists of a pressure chamber sealed with a suitable elastic material, for example a rubber band, formed between two pieces of reinforced concrete (1, 2) located preferably in the lower part of the whole building and limited by the contour of the ground surface. having a pressurized space (3), the reinforced concrete plates (1, 2) are preferably sealed with steel plates (4) on their surfaces facing the pressurized space (3), and the two reinforced concrete plates (1) , 2), the bolt head (6a) is located in the relief part (1) of the lower plate (1).
a) and the threaded end (6b) of the bolt with nut (6c) and spring washer (6d) is located in the upper plate (2)
a releasable fastener located in the relief part (2a) of the
For example, they are connected to each other by bolts (6) and the upper plate (
2) is supported laterally with a suitable resilient material, preferably a spring (7), to take off the wind forces, and the lower plate (1) is covered with a resilient cover, for example a felt sheet (10).
) and an earthquake-resistant foundation equipped with supplementary asbestos sheets (11). 2. Claim 1, characterized in that said rubber band (5) is connected to the separating steel plate (4) by a suitable protruding plate (8) and a releasable fastener, for example a bolt (15). Earthquake-resistant foundation as described. 3. The earthquake-resistant foundation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rubber band (5) is provided with a protective net (9) on the side opposite to the pressurized space. 4. The spring (7) has a shaft that can be opened.
t) (12), the end of the spring opposite the upper plate (2) being supported on a reinforced concrete surface (13) independent of the upper plate (2). Earthquake-resistant foundation described in any one of paragraphs 1 to 3. 5. Earthquake-resistant foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressurized space (3) is connected to a compressor that ensures an appropriate pressure.