JPS6352947A - Tool replacing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable rapid grasping and release of a tool, by a method wherein, with a control shaft moved in the one of two ways in an axial direction, a replacing arm is opened against the force of a spring to release a tool from grasping, and with the control shaft moved in the other way, the replacing arm grasps the tool. CONSTITUTION:A pair of replacing arms 68 are pivotally mounted on a replacing shaft 60, and are energized in a direction, in which they are closed in association with each other, through the force of a spring. The replacing arm 60 is formed in a hollow manner, a control shaft 76 is axially movably engagedly inserted internally of the replacing shaft, and a cam member 71 is located between the control shaft 76 and each replacing arm 68. Further, an engaging piece 79, having sloped surfaces 79a formed such that each replacing arm 68 is locked to a closed position, is provided. Thus, with the control shaft 76 moved in the one of two ways in axial direction, a pair of the replacing arms 68 are forcibly opened through the cam member 71, and a tool is released from grasping by the replacing arms 68, with the control shaft 76 moved in the other way, the replacing arms 68 are closed through the force of the spring, and the replacing arms 68 grasp a tool. Further, movement in the other way of the control shaft 76 engages the sloped surfaces 79a of the engaging piece 79 with the replacing arms 68, which are locked to a closed position.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications This invention relates to a tool changing device.

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional tool changer of this type has a hook-shaped exchange arm attached to an exchange shaft supported by a support body so as to be slidable and rotatable in the axial direction, and the exchange arm is gripped by a spring. The exchange shaft is rotated by the operation of a drive motor to position the tool in the exchange arm, and then the grip body of the exchange arm is locked to grasp the tool. Then, the tool is replaced by sliding the exchange shaft in the axial direction.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional device described above, the tool is gripped by locking the gripping body after rotating the exchange shaft and fitting the tool into the exchange arm. There are problems in that a signal is delayed when the tool is rotated or when the gripping body is locked, resulting in a longer tool change time, and the f'+W structure for gripping the tool is complicated.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned interlayer problem, the present invention pivots two pairs of exchange arms to an exchange shaft, biases them in the direction of closing each other with a spring, and makes the exchange shaft hollow. An operating shaft is inserted into the shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a cam member is interposed between the operating shaft and each exchange arm to push open each exchange arm by moving the operation shaft in one direction. The operation shaft is provided with an engagement piece having a slope that engages each exchange arm when the operation shaft moves toward the other, and locks each exchange arm in a closed position centered on the opening/closing center. It is characterized by an interchangeable arm that can be opened, closed, and locked.

When the operating shaft is moved in one direction in the axial direction, the pair of exchange arms are pushed open via the cam member, and the exchange arms release their grip on the tool. Next, when the operating shaft is moved to the other side, the pair of exchange arms are closed by the spring, and the exchange arms grip the tool,
Further, as the operating shaft moves toward the other side, the slope of the engaging piece engages with the exchange arm, thereby locking the pair of exchange arms in the closed position centered on the opening/closing center line. Therefore, even if the exchange shaft slides in the axial direction and the exchange arm pulls out the tool from the main shaft or the like, the position of the tool is maintained at a predetermined position.

The drawings show an example implemented in a vertical machining center, and in Figs. 1 and 2, 1 is a column, and 2 is a support that is attached to a guide rail 3.3 provided on the column 1 so as to be movable up and down. As shown in FIG. 3, the main shaft head is a screw shaft 5 rotated by a lifting motor 4.
As is well known, it is moved up and down by a ball screw 6 screwed onto the screw shaft 5. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the main shaft 7 is rotatably supported by the main shaft head 2 via a bearing 8, and is prevented from coming off by a retaining member 2a. A driven pulley 9 is wedged on the main shaft 7, and the driven pulley 9 is rotated in one direction via a belt 13 by a drive pulley 12 of a drive motor 11 attached to a bracket 10 fixed to the main shaft head 2. It is like that. The main shaft 7 has an operating hole 14 in its center, and an insertion hole 15 for inserting a tool is formed at the lower end of the operating hole 14. A drawbar 17 for clamping a tool 16 inserted into the insertion hole 15 is fitted into the operation hole 14 so as to be vertically slidable. In the drawbar 17, 18 is a bar body, and 19 is a sliding portion that is integrally provided with the bar body 18, and is slidably fitted into the small diameter hole 14a. A sliding member 20 is fixed to the bar body 18 and is slidably fitted into the large diameter portion 14b. This sliding body 20 is urged upward by a spring 21 interposed between it and the stepped portion 14c of the operation hole 14.

22 is a connecting piece that is rotatably attached to the sliding body 20 via a bearing 23, and has a long hole 22a in the operating arm, which will be described later.
are connected via. Reference numeral 24 denotes a pair of clampers having spring properties that are screwed onto the bar body 18, and have an engaging part 24a at the lower end, and the engaging part 24a escapes into the escape hole 14d of the operation hole 14, so that the clamper can be inserted. The engaging portion 16a of the tool 16 inserted into the hole 15 is received, and the engaging portion 24a is drawn into the small diameter hole 14a to engage with the engaging portion 16a of the tool 16 and clamp the tool 16. It is. Next, reference numeral 25 denotes an L-shaped operating arm which is pivotally attached via a pivot 27 to a support arm 26 which is protruded from the spindle head 2, and one arm 25a is connected to the long hole 22 of the connecting piece 22.
A pin 28 inserted into a protrudes from the other arm 25.
A roller 29 is rotatably supported on b. This roller 29 is designed to come into contact with a cam 31 which is fixed to the column 1 via a bracket 30 so as to be adjustable in position when the spindle head 2 is raised.

A stopper bolt 26a is fixed to the support arm 26, and the stopper bolt 26a receives the rotation of the operating arm 25 by the spring 21 when the spindle head 2 is lowered.

Next, the main shaft 7 has a small diameter hole 14a as shown in FIG.
A storage hole 32 that opens at the lower end of the main shaft 7 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 7 .

A stop pin 33 is fitted into the storage hole 32 so as to be movable in the axis of the hole and in the linear direction. The stop pin 33 is urged toward the center of the main shaft 7 by a spring 34, and is brought into contact with the stepped portion 32a with its tip protruding into the small diameter hole 14a. The tip of the stop pin 33 is formed into a round curved surface so that it can be engaged with and disengaged from the engagement member 16a of the tool 16 inserted into and removed from the insertion hole 15.

Next, 35 is a tool magazine device which is installed in the column 1 so as to selectively move a plurality of tool pots 36 for storing tools to a predetermined tool exchange position A.
It is configured as shown in the figure. This tool magazine device 3
5, 37 is a magazine body that is fixed to the column 1, and a vertical rotation shaft 38 is attached to a bearing 39 at the tip.
It is rotatably attached via the An annular guide groove 40 centered around the rotation shaft 38 is formed on the lower surface of the magazine body 37 . This guide groove 40 has protruding locking pieces 41 on the groove edges on both sides, and these locking pieces 41 fit into the locking grooves 36a on the outer periphery of the tool bot 36, so that the tool pot 36 is moved downward. It is designed to be hung and guided. A rotation plate 42 is fixed to the lower end of the rotation shaft 38. Fitting grooves 42a in the radial direction are formed at equally divided positions around the rotation plate 42, and these fitting grooves 42a are respectively formed in the notches 36b of the tool pot 36 guided by the guide groove 40. It is fitted. As shown in FIG. 6, a Geneva gear 43 of a Geneva mechanism having an engagement groove 43a around the circumference is wedged onto the upper end of the rotating shaft 38. 44 is a bracket that is fixed to the column 1, 45 is a downward indexing motor that is fixed to the bracket 44, and the drive wheel 46 of the Geneva mechanism is attached to the motor shaft 45a.
is fixed, and a roller 46a that can engage with the engagement groove 43a of the Geneva gear 43 is rotatably supported on the drive wheel 46. Reference numeral 47 denotes a radial notch groove formed in the magazine body 37 at the index position C opposite the tool exchange position A of the main shaft 7.

The guide groove 40 is opened on the side. Reference numeral 48 denotes a support that is fixed to the magazine body 37 at a position above the notch groove 47, and has a storage groove 4 facing the notch groove 47 on the lower surface.
9a and a guide piece 5 fixed to the support body 49 so as to protrude from both edges of the storage groove 49a.
It consists of 0 and 0. The storage groove 49a and the notch groove 47 form a guide path 51. A tool moving body 52 is disposed within the guide path 51 so as to be movable in the radial direction, and a pair of fitting grooves 52a thereof are slidably fitted into the guide piece 50. The movable body 52 is formed with a receiving groove 53 that is continuous with the guide groove 40 and a locking piece 54 that is continuous with the locking piece 41 in the retracted position shown by the solid line in FIG. When the tool pot 36 is indexed, the locking piece 54 fits into the locking groove 36a of the tool pot 36.
I would like to support this. Furthermore, a long groove 55 is formed on the upper surface of the tool moving body 52, as shown in FIG. 5
Reference numeral 6 denotes a moving motor fixedly attached to the support body 49, and a crank 57 is fixedly attached to the motor shaft 56a. The crank pin 58 of the crank 57 is fitted into the long groove 55, and when the motor @56a rotates, the tool moving body 52 is moved to the forward position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. It is intended to be moved to replacement position B.

Next, reference numeral 59 denotes an exchange device for exchanging tools between the spindle 7 at the tool exchange position A and the tool pot 36 at the tool exchange position B, and is constructed as shown in FIGS. 9 to 16. In this exchanger 59, reference numeral 60 denotes an exchange shaft which is slidably and rotatably supported in the axial direction by bearings 61 and 61 provided on the spindle head 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is arranged parallel to the main shaft 7 at an intermediate position between the main shaft 7 at the tool exchange position A and the tool pot 36 at the tool exchange position [B].

An exchange head 62 is installed at the lower end of the exchange shaft 60. This interchangeable head 62 is constructed symmetrically as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12. Next, only the one on the left side in the drawings will be explained, and the one on the right side will be given the same reference numeral as the one on the left side. to omit redundant explanations. In this exchangeable head 62, numeral 63 denotes a head main body which is integrally fixed to the lower end of the exchange shaft 60, and has a storage chamber 64 and an arm guide hole 65 opening at the distal end surface.

Further, in the head body 63, a through hole 66 is formed in both side walls 63a of the arm guide hole 65, as shown in FIG.
is fixed. The base sides of a pair of replacement arms 68.68 are inserted into the arm guide hole 65, and the replacement arms 68.68 are inserted into the arm guide hole 65.
The base of the head 68 is pivotally connected to the head body 63 via pivots 69 and 69 so as to be openable and closable. Said pivot 69.69 also pivots at the same time the exchange arm 68.68 on the right side of the drawing.

Grip pieces 70°7o are fixed to the tips of the interchangeable arms 68.68, and these grip pieces 70.70 fit into the notches 16C of the tool 16 to position the tool 16 in the rotational direction. It should be held in place. Also exchangeable arm 68.6
As shown in FIG. 12, cam pieces 71 and 71, which are illustrated as cam members, are provided inside the middle part of the 8, and these cam pieces 71 and 71 are inclined so as to move away from the opening/closing center line Y as they go upward. cam surfaces 71a, 71a are formed. Further, a spring ice catch 72.72 is formed on the outside of the middle part of the exchange arm 68.68, and this spring ice catch 72.72
Grip springs 74 and 74 are compressed and interposed between spring receivers 73 and 73 provided on the spring receiver member 67, respectively. These gripping springs 74,74 bias the exchange arms 68,68 in the closing direction.

The cam surfaces 71a, 71a are brought into contact with a cam follower, which will be described later. In the storage chamber 64 of the head main body 63, an operating body 75 is disposed between both interchangeable arms 68, 68 so as to be movable up and down. This operating body 75 is a hollow hole 60a of the exchange shaft 60.
The head body 63 is fixed to an operating shaft 76 which is fitted so as to be vertically movable, and is guided so as to be vertically slidable by a guide pin 77 which is fixed to the head body 63. A pair of cam followers 78 exemplified as cam members are provided on the side surface of the operating body 75.
．． 78 is rotatably supported, and these cam followers 7
8.78 is in contact with the cam surfaces 71a, 71a, and the first
As shown in Figure 2, when the operating shaft 76 rises, the exchange arm 68,
68 closes and the operating shaft 76 descends, the exchange arm 68.68
It is so that it opens. Further, at the lower end of the operating body 75, as shown in FIG. 12, there is a pair of engagement pieces 79 for arm locking.
．． 79 is integrally provided. Those engaging pieces 79.
79 are located below the exchange arms 68 and 68, respectively.

Slopes 79a, 79a are formed on the upper surface of their tip portions at positions facing the outer lower portions of the exchange arms 68, 68 in the closed state, and the slopes 79a, 79a move away from the opening/closing center line Y as they go upward. These slopes 79a, 79a are formed symmetrically with respect to the opening/closing center line Y, and when the operation shaft 76 is raised, the slopes 79a, 79a engage with the exchange arm 68.68, and both exchange arms 68.68 are moved. It is designed to be locked in a closed position centered on the opening/closing center line Y. A spring seat 80 is fixed to the upper end of the operating shaft 76, and a spring 81 is compressed and interposed between the spring seat 80 and the exchange shaft 60. 150 is a shielding plate for preventing the intrusion of chips.

Next, 82 is an elevating device for elevating and lowering the exchange shaft 60, and is constructed as shown in FIGS. 9, 13, and 14. In this elevating device 82, 83 is a hollow support bracket fixed to the upper surface of the spindle head 2, and its lower part is accommodated in the spindle head 2 through a hole 84 on the upper surface of the spindle head 2. Reference numeral 85 denotes a vertical rotating shaft that is rotatably supported by the support bracket 83 via bearings 8G and 86, and its upper end is integrally connected to the motor shaft 87a of the drive motor 87 that is fixed on the support bracket 83. connected to rotate. A cylindrical cam 88 of a cylindrical cam mechanism having a cam groove 88a on the outer circumferential surface is integrally wedged at the intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 85, and this cylindrical cam 88 is connected to the four legs 83a, 83b of the support bracket 83, 83c, 8
It is located between 3a. A base portion of a cam lever 89 of a cylindrical cam mechanism is pivotally attached to the rear leg portion 83a of the support bracket 83 via a pivot shaft 90 so as to be vertically swingable.

A roller 91 is rotatably supported at the tip of the cam lever 89, and is engaged with an annular groove 92a of an engaging body 92 fixed to the upper end of the exchange shaft 60. Further, the cam groove 8 is provided in the middle part of the cam lever 89.
A cam follower 93 engaged with 8a is rotatably supported. The cam groove 88a is located at 11 of the cylindrical cam 88.
The cam lever 89 is swung once to the position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 9 by rotating the cam lever 89, thereby temporarily lowering the exchange shaft 6o by a predetermined amount.

Next, 94 is a rotating device for rotating the exchange shaft 60, and is constructed as shown in FIGS. 9 and 14 to 16. In this rotating device 94, reference numeral 95 is an intermediate gear rotatably attached to the lower surface of the support bracket 83 via a support shaft 120 or a bearing 121, and reference numeral 96 is a Geneva gear provided integrally with the intermediate gear 95. This is the Geneva gear of the mechanism, and its periphery is provided with a plurality of engagement grooves 96a as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 97 denotes a drive wheel of the Geneva mechanism which is wedged on the lower end of the rotating shaft 85, and a roller 98 that can be engaged with the engagement groove 96a of the Geneva gear 96 is rotatably supported. Reference numeral 99 denotes a driven gear which is wedge-attached to the intermediate portion of the exchange shaft 60, and the exchange shaft 6o is connected to the lifting device 82.
When the replacement 111160 is raised from the lowered end, it meshes with the intermediate gear 95 when the replacement 111160 is raised from the lowered end. The ratio of the number of teeth between the driven gear 99 and the intermediate gear 95 is changed by one rotation of the rotating shaft 85 in the direction of the arrow.
The setting is such that the II 60 rotates half a turn in the direction of the arrow.

Reference numeral 100 denotes a rotation prevention piece that is fixed to the main shaft head 2, and as shown in FIG. 16, a protrusion 100a is formed on the side of the exchange shaft 60 that can engage with one tooth groove of the driven gear 99. When the exchange shaft 60 is raised from the lower end, it engages with the tooth groove of the driven gear 99 to prevent the driven gear 99 from freely rotating.

Reference numeral 101 denotes an arm opening/closing device for opening and closing the exchangeable arms 68 and 68 by moving the operating shaft 76 in the axial direction.

It is constructed as shown in FIGS. 9, 13, and 14. In this arm opening/closing device 101, reference numeral 102 denotes a cam lever of an end face cam mechanism whose intermediate portion is pivotally connected to the leg portion 83b via a pivot 1.03, and whose front end portion
A screw hole 104 is formed in 02a, and the screw hole 104
A contact bolt 105 that can come into contact with the upper end of the operating shaft 76 is screwed onto the upper end of the operating shaft 76 and fixed by a nut I-106. A cam follower 107 is rotatably attached to the rear end portion 102b of the force strain/<-102, and the cam follower 10
7 is formed on the upper end surface of the cylindrical cam 88, and the spring 8 is attached to the cam surface 108a of the end cam 108 of the end cam mechanism.
They are pressed together by a spring force of 1. The end cam 10
The cam surface 108a of No. 8 normally pushes up the cam follower 93 to open the exchange arm 68, 68, and when the rotation shaft 85 is rotated once, it allows the cam follower 93 to descend in the intermediate rotation region and opens the exchange arm. 68. It is formed to close 68. 109 is a detector for detecting that the exchange arm 68, 68 is in the open state, and the cam lever 10
A detection pin 110 provided protruding from the top 2 is used for detection. The operations of the lifting device 82, rotating device 94, and arm opening/closing device 101 are related to each other as shown in the time chart shown in FIG. Note that in the drawing, 111 is a processing table.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. First, prior to machining work, a predetermined type of tool 16 is inserted into each tool pot 36 of the tool magazine device 35, and a predetermined type of tool 16 is also inserted into the insertion hole 15 of the main spindle 7. There is. Next, when processing the workpiece M on the processing table 111, the lifting motor 4 is operated to rotate the screw shaft 5, and the rotation of the screw shaft 5 moves the spindle head 2 to the tool exchange position at the highest end. It is lowered from A to the processing area below. When the spindle head 2 is lowered from the tool exchange position, the roller 29 of the operating arm 25 is pulled away from the cam 31, and the operating arm 25 is rotated clockwise in FIG. be touched. As a result, the drawbar 17 is raised, and the engaging part 24a of the clamper 24 locks the engaging part 16a of the tool 16 in the insertion hole 15 and pulls it into the small diameter hole 14a, so that the tool 16 is in a clamped state. maintain. Further, when the spindle head 2 is lowered to the position where the clamping of the tool 16 is completed as shown in FIG. As a result, the drive pulley 12 rotates, the driven pulley 9 rotates, and the main shaft 7 rotates in the direction of the arrow. In this state, the spindle head 2 moves up and down within the machining area, and the workpiece M is machined by the tool 16 inserted into the spindle 2. When performing the above machining operation, the drive motor 87 of the changing device 59 is stopped, and the cylindrical cam 88 is stopped in the state shown in FIG. Therefore,
The cam lever 89 of the lifting device 82 is rotated upward to position the exchange shaft 60 at the upper end as shown in FIG.

In this case, the driven gear 99 of the rotating device 94 is disengaged from the intermediate gear 95 and is lifted up, but the tooth groove of the driven gear 99 engages with the protrusion 100a of the rotation prevention piece 100 and rotates freely. is being prevented. Further, the cam lever 102 of the arm opening/closing device 101 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 9, and the contact bolt 105 pushes down the operating shaft 76 against the spring 81. By pressing down the operating shaft 76, the operating body 75 of the exchange head 62 is lowered, and as the operating body 75 is lowered, the engaging piece 79.79 is lowered and the exchange arm 68.68 is lowered.
The cam follower 78 is unlocked to the gripping position.
．． 78 is the cam piece 71.71 as shown by the solid line in FIG.
cam surfaces 71a, 71a are pressed to open the exchange arms 68, 68 against the grip springs 74, 74, respectively, so that the exchange arms 68, 68 on one side are placed in a position where the tool 16 of the spindle 7 is held between them. It is located.

On the other hand, while the machining operation is being performed, the indexing motor 45 operates in the tool magazine device 35, and the motor shaft 45a rotates the rotation shaft 38 and the rotation plate 42, so that the tool 16 of the main shaft 7 Then, the tool pot 36 holding the tool 16 to be replaced is indexed to the index position C. When the tool pot 36 is indexed to the index position C, the upper part of the tool pot 36 enters the receiving groove 53 of the movable body 52, and the locking groove 36a of the tool pot 3G engages with the locking piece 54.

Thereafter, the moving motor 56 operates to rotate the crank 57 by half a turn in one direction, and the crank pin 58 moves the tool moving body 52 forward in the direction of the main shaft 7, and the tool 16 in the tool pot 36 is moved as shown in FIG. The tool 16 is moved to the tool exchange position B shown in FIG.

Next, when the machining of the main spindle 7 with the tool 16 is completed and a tool change command is issued for the next machining, the lifting motor 4 is activated to rotate the screw shaft 5. The spindle head 2 is raised toward the tool exchange position A at the highest end. When the spindle head 2 is lifted out of the machining area due to the rise of the spindle head 2, the detector detects this and stops the operation of the drive motor 11, thereby stopping the rotation of the spindle 7 and the tool 16. Ru.

When the spindle head 2 is raised to the tool exchange position A, the roller 29 of the operating arm 25 comes into contact with the cam 31 and is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 3 against the spring 21.
Due to this trick, the pin 28 of the operating arm 25 is connected to the drawbar 1.
Press down on 7. The clamper 24 is lowered by this push down of draw/<-17, and as a result, the engaging portion 24a is pulled out from the small diameter hole 14a and the escape hole 14c is reached! As a result, the engaging portion 24a is disengaged from the engaging portion 16a of the tool 16 to release the clamp of the tool 16. In this case, the main shaft 7 is provided with a stop pin 33, and the stop pin 33 is engaged with the engaging portion 16a of the tool 16 by the spring 34, so that the tool 1 inserted into the insertion hole 15
6 is maintained in a clamped state, and the tool 16 is inserted into the insertion hole 1.
There will be no drop from 5. Further, when the spindle head 2 is raised as described above, the exchange shafts 68 and 68 on the other side in the open state rise to a position where they sandwich the exchange tool 16 at the tool exchange position B from both sides, as shown in FIG. be done.

When the spindle head 2 is raised to the tool exchange position A, the drive motor 87 is then activated and the motor shaft 87a is rotated once in the direction of the arrow. The rotation of the motor shaft 87a rotates the rotation shaft 85 and the cylindrical cam 88, and the cylindrical cam 88 rotates.
As a result of the rotation, the end cam 108 first lowers the cam follower 107 as shown in FIG. As the operating shaft 76 rises, the operating body 75, cam followers 78, 78, and engaging pieces 79,79 are raised, respectively, and the cam followers 7
8.78 rises, the exchange arm 68.68 releases the gripping spring 7.
4.74, and as a result, the gripping pieces 70.70 of the exchange arms 68.68 on both sides fit into the notches 16c, 16c of the tool 16 of the main shaft 7 and the tool pot 36, and hold the tool 16. It is gripped by the spring force of gripping springs 74 and 74. Also, due to the engagement pieces 79 and 79 rising, the engagement pieces 79
．． Interchangeable arm 68.6 with slopes 79a and 79a of 79 in closed state
8 and pulls the exchange arms 68 and 68 toward the closing side, centering the exchange arms 68 and 68 so that they are in a symmetrical position with respect to the opening/closing center line Y, and The exchange arm 68.68 is locked in the tool gripping state.

After that, when the cylindrical cam 88 is further rotated, the cam groove 88a
lowers the cam follower 93 of the cam lever 89 and rotates the cam lever 89 downward, whereby the cam lever 8
9 lowers the exchange shaft 60 to the lowest position, and as a result, the one exchange arm 68.68 completely extracts the tool 16 from the insertion hole 1 of the main shaft 7. 6 When the tool 16 is extracted from the insertion hole 15, The engagement member 16a of the tool 16 is made difficult to disengage by pushing down the stop pin 33 against the spring 34. Further, when the exchange shaft 6o is lowered, the driven gear 99 meshes with the intermediate gear 95, but in this case, the free rotation of the driven gear 99 is blocked by the rotation prevention piece 100, so the driven gear 99
9 is reliably meshed with the teeth of the intermediate gear 95. Further, when the exchange shaft 60 is lowered, the upper end of the operating shaft 76
05, the operating shaft 76 is maintained in a pulled up state by a spring 81. Thereafter, due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 85, the roller 98 of the prime mover 97 engages with the engagement groove 96a of the Geneva gear 96, thereby rotating the Geneva gear 96 and the intermediate gear 95 by a predetermined amount. The rotation of the intermediate gear 95 causes the driven gear 99 that meshes with the intermediate gear 95 to rotate by half a rotation, and as a result, the tool 16 extracted from the main shaft 7 is placed in the insertion hole 36c of the tool pot 36 located at the tool exchange position Iu [3]. let When the cylindrical cam 88 is further rotated, the cam groove 88a in turn raises the cam follower 93, causing the cam lever 89 to rotate upward, and the cam lever 89 raises the replacement arm 60. As a result, the tool 16 extracted from the spindle 7 is inserted into the insertion hole 36c of the tool pot 36, and the tool 16 extracted from the tool pot 36 is inserted into the insertion hole 15 of the spindle 7. When the tool 16 is inserted into the insertion hole 15, the tool 16
The engaging member 16a pushes back the stop pin 33 against the spring 34 and engages with the stop pin 33. In addition, the insertion hole 36
When the tool 16 is inserted into the tool 16, the engagement type 16a of the tool 16
is prevented from coming off by an engaging means (not shown). When the cylindrical cam 88 is then further rotated, the cam surface 108a of the end cam 108 pushes up the cam follower 107 and rotates the cam lever 102, which causes the contact bolt 105 of the cam lever 102 to press down the operating shaft 76. This operating shaft 76
When the cam follower 78.78 is pressed down, the cam follower 78.78 is lowered to the operating body to open the exchange arm 68.68, and the exchange arm 68 on both sides
．． 68 releases the grip on the tool 16. In this case, since the tool 16 inserted into the insertion hole 15.36c is engaged with the stop pin 33 as described above, it will not fall out. Thereafter, the spindle head 2 is lowered into the machining area again, and after the tool 16 in the insertion hole 15 is clamped by the clamper 24 as described above, a predetermined machining is performed. The motor 56 operates to rotate the crank 57 again by half a turn, thereby retracting the movable body 52 to the indexed position eIC. Thereafter, the indexing motor 45 is operated to rotate the rotating plate 42, indexing the tool pot 36 containing the tool 16 to be replaced to the index position C, and moving the tool pot 36 to the tool position C as described above. Move to exchange position B to prepare for the next tool exchange. Immediately after the spindle head 2 is raised to the tool changing position A as described above, the drive motor 87 can be put into operation.

Although the embodiment described above is applied to a vertical machining center, the present invention can be similarly applied to a tool changing device for a horizontal machining center or a boring machine. Further, in the present application, the exchange shaft and the exchange device may be mounted on a column serving as a support.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, when the operating shaft is moved in one direction in the axial direction, the pair of exchange arms are pushed open against the spring to release the grip on the tool, and the operating shaft is moved in the other direction. When the tool is moved to , the pair of exchange shafts are closed by springs and grip the tool, so the tool can be quickly gripped and released without rotating the exchange shaft, which greatly reduces tool exchange time. It is possible to do this. Furthermore, even if the pair of interchangeable arms are closed to grip the tool as described above, the tool will remain in place even if the engaging piece is removed from the main shaft or tool pot by moving the operating shaft to the other side. can be held in position,
This allows the tool to be accurately inserted into the spindle or tool pot, making it possible to reliably replace the tool. Furthermore, the structure for gripping and releasing tools can be simplified, and the device can be gripped and provided at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 3. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line ■-V, FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the ■-■ line, Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the x-X line, Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along the Moon-M line, and Fig. 12 is an
XII line enlarged sectional view, FIG. 13 is a partially broken view
In-X III sectional view, Figure 14 is XIV-X
15 is a sectional view taken along the line IV, and Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken along the line xv-xv.
The diagram shows xvi-xvxvA section 7...main axis, 60...
Exchange shaft, 68... Exchange arm, 71... Cam piece,
74...Spring, 78...Cam follower, 79
...Engagement piece, 79a...Slope, Patent applicant: Howa Kogyo Co., Ltd. 1g1vf1 m2 Figure 3 Figure Ti 8g4 Figure @ 5 Figure 7 Figure 8 Slope Figure 13 Figure 17 Figure 14121

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Equipped with an exchange shaft that is slidably and rotatably supported in the axial direction on a support body, and a pair of exchange arms that can be opened and closed are provided at the tip of the exchange shaft so as to protrude in opposite directions. In the tool changing device provided, each of the changing arms is pivotally connected to an changing shaft and urged by a spring in a direction to close each other, and the changing shaft is made hollow so that an operating shaft can be freely moved in the axial direction. A cam member is inserted between the operating shaft and each exchange arm, and is configured to push open each exchange arm by moving the operating shaft to one side, and furthermore, by moving the operating shaft to the other side, each exchange arm is pushed open. An engaging piece with a slope that engages with the arm and locks each interchangeable arm in a closed position centered on the opening/closing center is provided, and the interchangeable arm is opened, closed, and locked by movement of the operating shaft. A tool changing device characterized by: