JPS635264B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a laminated panel, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a laminated panel, and more specifically, a light shielding panel in which a glass plate is bonded to a synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films having a light shielding function arranged approximately in parallel are embedded. The present invention relates to a laminated panel suitable for vehicle windows that has effective effects.

Conventionally, the following methods have been used to provide a light-shielding effect to the windows of vehicles, etc. In other words, by installing a louver made of aluminum plate or synthetic resin plate on the outside or inside of the rear window of a car, or by forming a metal oxide film or resin film on the glass plate surface, light reflection or transmittance reduction effect can be achieved. A light shielding means having the following is known.

Certainly, if such a structure is adopted, a light-shielding function can be provided. However, there are drawbacks due to the light-shielding film formed on the louver or glass plate being exposed to the outside air, such as dirt on the surface of the louver and the glass plate on the louver side, and damage to the glass plate of the light-shielding film. Defects such as peeling occur.

Further, when the material of the louver or the light-shielding film is made of a synthetic resin plate, the louver or the light-shielding film is exposed to the outside air, which has the disadvantage that deterioration due to light rays is accelerated.

Furthermore, if the louver is installed on the passenger compartment side to reduce dirt on the louver, the louver has a structure in which many thin sheets are arranged parallel to each other at an angle to the surface of the glass plate. There is a risk of injury if you collide with the louver.

The present inventor has created the present invention in order to solve the problems of the conventional light shielding means mentioned above.

That is, the present invention includes a transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films having a light-shielding function are embedded and arranged approximately in parallel, and a transparent hard synthetic resin plate that is bonded to the surface of the synthetic resin layer with or without a transparent hard synthetic resin plate. A laminated panel consisting of a glass plate, the synthetic resin layer or the synthetic resin plate and the glass plate having a softening point of 100°C or less and exhibiting plasticity at room temperature, and having a thickness of 200 μm or less. It is a laminated panel bonded with a transparent adhesive layer made of resin.

One feature of the laminated panel of the present invention is that a plurality of films having a light shielding function are embedded parallel to each other at angles on the surface, thereby laminating synthetic resin layers that have the ability to vary the transmittance of light depending on the angle of incidence. This is because it is installed inside the panel. In this way, a synthetic resin layer in which multiple films with a light-shielding function are embedded creates a resin layer with serrated protrusions on one side of the resin layer, and a resin layer with serrated protrusions on one side of the resin layer. This can be achieved by providing a film with a light-shielding function and then pouring resin over it.Also, another method is to overlay a light-shielding film on a transparent plate and repeatedly stacking this film. It can be obtained by creating a block having a structure in which plates and light-shielding films are alternately laminated, and slicing this block at an angle to the plane of the laminated light-shielding films. Materials used for these include transparent matrix resins such as silicone resins, thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, polycarbonate resins, methacrylate resins, vinyl chloride resins, styrene resins, saturated polyester resins, and cellulose resins. , polyvinyl butyral resin, polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, and other thermoplastic resins.

In addition, as a film having a light-shielding property, for example, metals such as aluminum, palladium, gold, silver, copper, nickel, chromium, lead, and tin, or metal oxides such as indium oxide and tin oxide are used in the form of a film on a transparent matrix plate. or a colored opaque or colored translucent synthetic resin film colored with organic or inorganic pigments, a thin film of wood, paper, or a knitted fabric. use

Another feature of the laminated panel of the present invention is that it has a synthetic resin layer embedded with a plurality of films having a light-shielding function, or a transparent hard synthetic resin plate and a glass plate bonded to the surface of the synthetic resin layer at a temperature of 100°C. The purpose is to bond using a transparent adhesive layer made of a thermoplastic resin with a thickness of 200 μm or less, which has the following softening point and exhibits plasticity at room temperature. When a synthetic resin layer or a synthetic resin plate and a glass plate are bonded using a transparent adhesive layer made of such a thermoplastic resin, it is difficult to avoid problems that were conventionally difficult to avoid when bonding a synthetic resin and a glass plate. Mechanical distortion and optical distortion of the laminated panel due to thermal stress caused by the difference in their thermal expansion coefficients can be reduced to a level that does not pose a practical problem. In other words, since it has a relatively low softening point of approximately 100°C or less, there is no need to make a large temperature difference between the temperature of heat sealing performed at a temperature higher than the softening point and the room temperature cooled after heat sealing. Since it has plasticity, plastic flow occurs in the adhesive layer when thermal stress is applied, and distortion due to the difference in thermal expansion between the glass plate and the synthetic resin plate can be minimized. Furthermore, since it is plastic at room temperature, the adhesive layer absorbs external impacts during use by shearing and deforming, preventing damage to the glass plate and exhibiting high impact resistance. Generally, the thicker the adhesive layer, the easier it will be to shear and deform, but the thickness of the adhesive layer is regulated by the thickness of the glass plate forming the outermost layer on the side receiving the impact. In other words, when the glass plate is 2 mm or less, especially when a thin glass plate of 1 mm or less is used to reduce the weight of a laminated panel, if the adhesive layer is thick, when an impact is applied, the glass plate directly below the impact point will be partially damaged. Deformation occurs and collapse occurs. For this reason, the adhesive layer should have a thickness of 200 μm or less, preferably about 40 to about 100 μm, to prevent the above-mentioned collapse failure, absorb energy at the time of impact through shear deformation of the adhesive layer, and It is clear that after the impact force is removed, the shear deformation is recovered by the elastic recovery force of the glass plate and/or the synthetic resin plate, and it is possible to provide a laminated panel that does not cause mechanical distortion or optical perspective distortion. Summer.

Further, it is preferable that the adhesive layer made of the thermoplastic resin does not substantially contain a plasticizer, and if such an adhesive layer is used, an adhesive layer containing a plasticizer, such as a commonly used plasticized polyvinyl butyral, can be used. Whitening of the plastic sheet does not occur during heat sealing, as would be the case with plastic sheets, and therefore a laminated panel with good transparency can be obtained.

The thermoplastic resin used as the adhesive layer in the present invention and having the above properties, that is, a softening point of about 100° C. or less and plasticity at room temperature, is preferably, for example, vinyl acetate resin, isobutylene resin, vinyl acetate resin, Alternatively, it is selected from the group consisting of copolymers of isobutylene and other copolymerizable ethylenic monomers. These resins are used in substantially plasticizer-free form.

Examples of copolymers of vinyl acetate or isobutylene with other copolymerizable ethylenic monomers include vinyl acetate or isobutylene and, for example, ethylene, propylene, styrene, α-methylstyrene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and acrylic esters. , a copolymer with a copolymerizable ethylenic monomer such as methacrylic acid ester.

Among these copolymers, copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene and/or acrylic monomers are preferred, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene are particularly preferred.

The units derived from vinyl acetate or isobutylene occupying the copolymer account for approximately 17 units relative to the total units derived from vinyl acetate or isobutylene and units derived from other copolymerizable ethylenic monomers. ~about 57 mol%, especially about
Desirably, it is from 24 to about 44 mole percent.

In addition, in order to soften the impact force applied from the outside through shear deformation, the adhesive layer used in the present invention has a shear adhesive strength of about 0.03 Kg/cm ² to about 30 Kg measured by a method according to ASTM D1002. /cm ² , particularly preferably about 0.5 Kg/cm ² to 10 Kg/cm ² , which initiates plastic flow.

Furthermore, one of the other features of the laminated panel according to the present invention
The first is high safety. That is, in the laminated panel according to the present invention, as described above, the adhesive layer has plasticity at room temperature, and when an impact is applied, it undergoes shear deformation and has the effect of absorbing and dispersing energy. Embedded transparent synthetic resin layer,
Alternatively, even if a relatively thin glass plate of 2 mm or less, especially 1 mm or less, is bonded to the synthetic resin plate bonded to the surface of the synthetic resin layer, there will be less damage, and even if the glass plate is broken, it will not break. It has a high level of safety because it can minimize the scattering of water.

In the present invention, the transparent hard synthetic resin plate bonded to the surface of the transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films having a light shielding function are embedded is selected from polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, styrene resin, polyester resin, etc. is preferable.

Hereinafter, the laminated panel of the present invention will be explained in more detail using the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a laminated panel according to the present invention having the simplest structure described above. In FIG. 1, 1A and 1B are glass plates, 2A and 2B are adhesive layers, and 3 is a transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films 3' having a light shielding function are embedded. There are no particular restrictions on the glass plate, but thick ones are not recommended for use as safety glass for vehicles, and a glass plate of about 0.2 mm to about 2 mm is fine, especially for weight reduction and protection against collisions with the laminated panel when a human body collides with it. Approximately 0.2mm for safety reasons
Approximately 1 mm is preferred. As mentioned above, the adhesive layer 2A,
2B is 200μm or less, preferably about 40μm to about 100μm
It has a thickness of m.

In this range, the ease of shear deformation upon impact and the difficulty of local deformation of the glass plate directly under the impact are well balanced. Transparent synthetic resin layer 3 is usually about 0.2mm
It is used with a thickness of ~6 mm. This thickness is limited by the bending rigidity of the constructed laminated panel and the interference distortion of light caused by the light-shielding material buried in parallel to provide light-shielding performance.

That is, if the transparent synthetic resin 3 has a thickness of about 6 mm or more, the bending stiffness of the laminated panel becomes too large, reducing the energy absorption effect in the event of a collision. Also,
In order to provide appropriate light transmittance, the mutual spacing of the light-shielding materials buried at an angle on the surface must be
It is preferable that the ratio is in the range of about 0.2 to about 4 with respect to the thickness of the light-shielding sheet. Therefore, as the sheet thickness becomes thinner, such as 0.2 mm, the spacing between the light-shielding substances becomes relatively small. The interference distortion of light is so noticeable that it is no longer used as a vehicle window material that requires good see-through performance.

FIG. 2 shows a laminated panel according to another embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 2, 1A and 1B are glass plates, 2A, 2B, and 4 are adhesive layers, 3 is a transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films 3' having a light-shielding function are embedded, and 5 is a hard transparent synthetic resin plate. . The aspect shown in FIG. 2 is different from the aspect shown in FIG.
It differs in that it has an adhesive layer shown by 5 and a transparent synthetic resin plate shown by 5.

The glass plates 1A, 1B, adhesive layers 2A, 2B, and transparent synthetic resin layer 3 are as described above. A hard transparent synthetic resin plate 5 is inserted as a reinforcing plate to improve strength. That is, in order to reduce the weight and improve the strength of the laminated panel, and to obtain appropriate light-shielding properties, the transparent synthetic resin layer 3 having a light-shielding function should be relatively thin, such as 1 mm or less, and the transparent synthetic resin layer 3 having a light-shielding function should be made relatively thin, such as 1 mm or less. This can be achieved by reinforcing it with a relatively thin plate made of a transparent or colored transparent hard transparent synthetic resin plate 5 which has a higher elastic modulus than the layer and has a large penetration resistance. Therefore, the synthetic resin plate 4 is preferably made of a hard and highly transparent resin such as polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, hard vinyl chloride resin, styrene resin, or polyester resin. In addition, in order to achieve a reinforcing effect, this synthetic resin board must be approximately
A thickness of 0.5 mm to about 6 mm is selected. As mentioned above, if the thickness is about 6 mm or more, the laminated panel becomes too stiff, reducing safety, and also goes against the weight reduction for use in vehicles. Moreover, if it is less than about 0.5 mm, no reinforcing effect can be expected and it is unsuitable.

The adhesive layer 4 may be made of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin, or may be made of other thermoplastic resins with low plasticity, such as a sheet adhesive made of polyamide, polyurethane, saturated polyester, etc., or epoxy resin, silicone resin, modified An adhesive made of acrylic resin or the like is used. All of these are selected to be transparent.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a laminated panel according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

1A and 1B are glass plates, 2A and 2B are adhesive layers made of thermoplastic resin, 3 is a transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films 3' having a light shielding function are embedded, 4A and 4B
5A and 5B are reinforcing synthetic resin plates. 5A and 5B are reinforcing synthetic resin plates. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a synthetic resin layer 3 having a light shielding function.
This differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that reinforcing synthetic resin plates are provided on both sides of the structure. This configuration is suitable when the synthetic resin layer 3 having a light shielding function is soft or has very low mechanical strength. Others are as described above.

Examples based on the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 One surface of a 300 mm x 300 mm x 1 mm glass plate was washed with alcohol, and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene consisting of 55% by weight of vinyl acetate and 45% by weight of ethylene was placed on the washed surface. 20% of
A toluene solution was uniformly sprayed using a spray gun to form a layer of the copolymer with a thickness of 0.06 mm.

On the other hand, a colored butyl cellulose acetate sheet made opaque was layered on a transparent sheet of butyl cellulose acetate, and this was repeated many times to create a block. A transparent synthetic resin layer with a plurality of 300 mm x 300 mm x 0.76 mm films 3' having a light-shielding function embedded therein was prepared by cutting at an angle, and both surfaces of the layer were wiped with ethyl alcohol.

The glass plates on which the above copolymer layer was formed were bonded to both sides of this transparent synthetic resin layer having a light-shielding function, and then pressed and degassed with a roll while being held at 100°C, and further under a pressure of 11 kg/cm ² G. The mixture was heated at 80°C for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and then decompressed.

The obtained laminate had a cross section shown in FIG. 1, and no optical distortion or mechanical distortion was observed. In addition, this laminated panel shows changes in light transmittance depending on the angle of incidence of light as shown in Figure 4, and can be used as a vehicle window material.
In particular, it shows suitable performance as a window material for automobile rear windows. We also conducted a falling ball test on this laminated panel using the method specified in JIS S3205.

A 225 g steel ball was dropped from a height of 1 m above the laminated panel, but none of the glass plates of the laminated panel were damaged. No change was observed in the laminate even after further heating at 80° C. for 1 hour.

Note that the copolymer used as the adhesive layer has a softening point.
When the temperature was 78° C. and the shear strength exceeded 8 Kg/cm ² , plastic flow was exhibited.

Example 2 Copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate with a thickness of about 43 μm (about 45% by weight of ethylene, about 55% by weight of vinyl acetate)
A film of 300mm x 300mm x 1mm glass plate with a softening point of about 78℃ is used as an adhesive layer on one side of the glass plate.
x300mm x 1mm polycarbonate plates are joined,
Furthermore, a transparent synthetic resin layer of 300 mm x 300 mm x 0.76 mm having the light-shielding function described in Example 1 was bonded to the non-glass plate bonding surface of this polycarbonate plate using the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film as an adhesive layer. Then, on the other side of this transparent synthetic resin layer,
A glass plate of 300 mm x 300 mm x 1 mm was bonded with the above-mentioned ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, and a second
They were stacked so as to have the cross-sectional structure shown in the figure. This was heated, pressed and autoclaved as described in Example 1 to obtain a laminated panel.
No mechanical or optical distortion was observed in this product.

Further, the same dependence of light transmittance on the incident angle as described in Example 1 was shown. Furthermore, a 225 gr steel ball was dropped from a height of 2 m above the laminated panel in the same manner as in Example 1, but the glass plate of the laminated panel was not damaged.

Example 3 A laminated panel having a cross-sectional structure similar to that shown in FIG. 3 was produced. For 1A and 1B glass plates, 300
Using a glass plate of mm x 300 mm x 1 mm, adhesive layer 2A,
For 2B, a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (consisting of about 59% by weight of ethylene and about 41% by weight of vinyl acetate, with a softening point of 77°C) formed into a film of about 55 μm was used. Transparent hard plastic board 5A,
5B is a 300 mm x 300 mm x 2 mm polycarbonate plate, and adhesive layers 4A and 4B are 0.3 mm films made of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing about 55% by weight of vinyl acetate, which have a light-shielding function. The synthetic resin layer used was one based on butyl cellulose acetate as described in Example 1.

Stack these and heat to about 100℃, then add 5mm
Roll pressure bonding was carried out under a reduced pressure to Hg, and this was further autoclaved as shown in Example 1. The obtained laminate exhibited good light shielding performance similar to Examples 1 and 2, and no mechanical strain or optical strain was observed. Also, as in Examples 1 and 2225
Even when a steel ball (g) was dropped from 2.3 m above the laminated panel, no damage was observed on either the upper or lower surface of the glass plate. In addition, a 1 kg rubber ball was dropped onto this type of laminate, damaging the glass plate, and glass pieces were seen scattering, but the broken glass pieces were attached to the laminate.
There was almost no scattering.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a laminated panel, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another laminated panel, and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of yet another laminated panel. 4 are optical characteristic diagrams of the laminated panel.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A transparent synthetic resin layer in which a plurality of films having a light-shielding function are arranged in parallel and embedded therein, and a transparent hard synthetic resin plate on the surface of the synthetic resin layer, with or without intervening A laminated panel consisting of a glass plate to be bonded, the synthetic resin layer or the synthetic resin plate and the glass plate having a softening point of 100°C or less and exhibiting plasticity at room temperature, and a thickness of 200 μm or less. A laminated panel bonded with a transparent adhesive layer made of thermoplastic resin. 2. The laminated panel according to claim 1, wherein the transparent hard synthetic resin board is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, styrene resin, and polyester resin. 3. Claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin is selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate resin, isobutylene resin, and copolymers of vinyl acetate or isobutylene with other copolymerizable ethylenic monomers.
or the laminated panel of item 2. 4. The laminated panel according to claim 3, wherein the copolymer of vinyl acetate and another copolymerizable ethylenic monomer is a copolymer of ethylene and/or an acrylic monomer and vinyl acetate. 5. The laminate panel of claim 3, wherein the copolymer of vinyl acetate and another copolymerizable ethylenic monomer contains units derived from vinyl acetate in an amount of about 17 to 57 mol% of the total constitutional units.