JPS6350551A - Fabric using oblique weft yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The invention relates to textiles with diagonal weft elements, for example where the warp and weft threads form an angle other than 90°, in particular automobile tires, conveyor belts, drive belts, hoses and tubes. The present invention relates to textiles suitable for reinforcing elastomeric products such as. The present invention also relates to a method for producing the woven fabric and a Q-position.

[Prior art] On the tread surface of an automobile tire, the direction of rotation of the tire and 9
It is known to add parallel reinforcing lines or cords forming an angle other than 0°. An overview of this technology is shown in FIG. To date, these series of lines have been embedded in rubber sheets, which sheets are successively cut diagonally transversely to form parallelograms forming the stripes 5 according to the diagonal angle α. These stripes are arranged diagonally laterally on the tread 7 of the tire, each strip consisting of a lateral edge 6, the diagonal cutting edges aligned with both peripheral edges 8 of the tread. This operation of cutting and arranging the parallelograms forming the stripes is a very tedious task.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, it is necessary to feed and embed a fabric into the rubber, in which the reinforcing weft elements form a desired angle with the direction of rotation of the tire, and the direction of rotation of the tire coincides with the warp direction. It is preferable to omit said operation by doing so.

[Means for solving the problem] In the present invention, warp elements having a warp pitch of an, a width of 11 bT+, and a tensile modulus of 30000 N are used.
/mraZ IJ, top, weft hitffi "c"
In a fabric having a weft thread element as a thread F5, the angle α between the warp thread and the weft thread thread element is in the range of 10' to 85°, and the packing coefficient b/c is 30% to 90%.
It is characterized by being in the range of

From a broader point of view, the fabric has warp thread elements with a warp pitch "a" and weft thread elements as sewing threads with a width "b" and a weft pitch "c", the weft thread elements being at least 30,000
It has a tensile modulus of N/aua2 and is 10° to the warp element.
Forms an angle α of 85° and has a packing coefficient b/C
is between 30% and 90% as defined below.

The tensile modulus, or modulus of elasticity, describes the ratio of tension to strain when a force is applied to a wire or cord.

This arrangement arranges and holds the warp thread elements in the proper position, at least in the preferred shape, and the diagonal weft thread elements.

In most cases, 15″≦α≦30″ is valid,
In a preferred embodiment, α is between about 189 and 22 degrees.

Warp elements can be arranged in groups. Each of these groups of warp threads has primarily two warp thread elements running adjacent to each other, and never more than two warp threads.

EXAMPLES The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

The fabric shown in Figure 1 has a weave pattern and a warp-
It has a number of pairs of warp thread elements 1 which form pairs that fix diagonal weft thread elements 2 in forming an angle α between the weft threads. The multi-to-one has two thread elements 3 and 4 running alternately above and below the weft thread element and fixing it. The distance “a′° (
Warp pitch) is the distance “c” between the axes of consecutive weft elements 2
(weft thread pitch). Generally 30≦a≦15
A possible relationship is c. For 15°≦α≦30°, 5C≦a≦150 is preferable.

Adjacent weft thread elements 2 are each placed very close together, so the packing is between 30% and 90%, with 45
% to 80% is preferable. Packing is defined as the ratio b/c, where b indicates the width of the weft thread element measured in the neutral plane of the fabric. As a result of this dense packing, the warp thread elements 3.4 must be very flexible and thinner than C-b. Therefore, synthetic fibers (for example, single g & miscellaneous), fine woven yarns, or spun yarns are preferred. It is preferable that their thickness, ie, diameter, be 0.75 (c-b) or less.

When textiles are used as reinforcement for elastomeric products, the weft elements require considerable strength. By strengthening, tensile and bending resistances are further increased, and stiffness resistance, buckling resistance, axial pressure resistance, impact resistance, torsional strength, fatigue resistance against cyclic loads, etc. can be increased. Suitable weft thread elements 2 for this purpose are mu,
It may be a woven yarn, or a plastic resin (optionally with internal longitudinal reinforcement), a metal, carbon, or glass lath, or a profile. They are at least 1000N
/ll1m2. Steel weft elements containing 0.65% to 1% carbon internally, especially m-wire or steel cord, are very well suited. At least the weft thread element 2 has a surface layer that increases its adhesion to the reinforcing elastomeric structure.

For a reinforcing effect, it is preferred that the warp elements also have a surface layer with sufficient adhesion to the elastomer.

If α has to take a very small value, for example α-20°, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is preferred. Adjacent warp elements 9 passing alternately above and below the weft element 2 (Fig. 3)
are not arranged in groups at this time, but run at an equal distance "a" from each other in the plat weave. This distance "a" (warp pitch) is then preferably chosen between 30 and 8C.

According to the invention, the fabric is often embedded in a rubber layer 25 (FIG. 4) having a thickness of about twice the thickness of the fabric or less. Rubber layers reinforced in this way can generally be used as intermediate products, for example for reinforcing the treads of automobile tires. Such an automobile tire 24 is illustrated in FIG.
Two additional layers 25 are provided in the tread area, the warp elements running according to the direction of rotation of the tire.

The warp-to-weft weave pattern can also be varied as desired with respect to the simple plat weave as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. An example of a twill weave of the paired warp threads 3 and 4 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The weave pattern shown probably facilitates fabric distortion during diagonal tensioning operations as indicated by arrows 10 in FIG. In any case, the deflection stiffness (deflection coefficient) for the relatively elevated weft thread elements promotes easy and uniform straining of the fabric, so that the weft thread elements remain straight and parallel to each other during straining. 3c≦a
The ≦80 relationship can also be applied to weaves such as those shown in FIG. 4 or FIG.

The invention also relates to a method of fabrication as described above. The production of the fabric begins with a conventional regular fabric in which the warp and weft threads in a plat or twill weave are each perpendicular. The distance between consecutive warp threads (groups) and weft threads is b, α, and the required packing for the weft elements b/
It is determined in advance as a function of c. Regular textile (11)
When the weft pitch in is p, the corresponding weft pitch in the diagonal fabric is c-psinα. Similarly, regular weave
- The warp pitch in item (11) is changed to the warp pitch a-ksinα in the diagonal fabric.

As seen in the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 8,
The regular fabric (11) is passed through a set of rollers 22a-22b, for example by guiding it between a pair of cooperating rollers 19.
, thereby causing the weft thread to be delivered parallel to the nip line 14 between these cooperating rollers. Downstream of the nip, the fabric passes through a set of continuously rotating rollers 22
a-22b, so that each roller forms an angle with the previous roller, and the fabric takes a zigzag path past this set roller. One side edge of the fabric (warp direction)
The rollers are arranged so that the edge is delivered a sufficiently shorter distance than the opposite lateral edge. The weft thread elements thereby gradually displace themselves in an oblique direction with respect to the warp threads, and finally form the desired angle α between the warp threads and the weft threads. However, the warp elements continue to run parallel to the direction of travel of the fabric and while gradually reducing the width of the fabric. Finally, the fabric having the desired angle α other than 90° provided by the last roller is wound onto the beam 13 with the warp elements almost perpendicular to the rotating shaft 15 of the beam. Opposed pressure row 51 operating parallel to beam 13
6 preferably cooperates with said beam to maintain proper and accurate licking operations. As explained in the Zara Nigi example, the weft element 2 is shaped so that the guiding part of the fabric is suitably deformed by hand so that the guiding edge forms a desired angle 90-α with the beam shaft direction. Note that at the same time they simply position themselves diagonally under the condition that they are fixed to the winding device or beam.

Further embodiments of the apparatus according to the features of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6-8. Weft pitch p-c/s
The device for continuously transforming a regular fabric 11 fabric with a warp pitch of =a7 inα and a warp pitch of “a” into a diagonal weave fabric with a weft pitch of “1 c II” and a warp pitch of “a” is shown in FIG. This is shown in the top view. 8th
The figure is a schematic view from above of the device, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the continuous roller 22a-22b taken along line 1--2 in FIG. Regular fabric 11 consisting of a pair of force transmitting rollers
It has an adjustable and controllable transmission means 19 for use. The device basically consists of a frame 20 with an end 2 of the shaft of the roller.
3.26 comprises successive rollers 22a-22b arranged to intersect through, each roller forming an angle β with the previous roller to create a zigzag path for the fabric. Adjacent shaft ends 23 on one side 27 of the sides of the frame 20 are each positioned closer together than shaft ends 26 on the opposite side 28.

The frame 20 has two simple rectangular auxiliary frames connected to each other by a pivot axle at a line 29 along the sides 27. In one of the auxiliary frames, odd numbered continuous rollers 22b are mounted in parallel. Even numbered continuous rollers 22a are mounted parallel to the other auxiliary frame. In this way, the angle β formed by each pair of continuous rollers 22a and 22b is equal, making it easy to arrange them. This angle β can be adjusted, for example, by means of a nut fastened to the connecting rod 21 that connects the two auxiliary frames at each side 28.

The greater the number of rollers 22a-22b, the smaller the angle β required to achieve a constant diagonal distortion angle α. This generally allows intersecting warp and weft elements to be smoothly shifted sequentially in the fabric from 90" to angle α. A frame 20 with more rollers, each making a smaller angle β, generally , it is possible to achieve a faster deformation rate during the rework operation (i.e. deformation) into diagonal fabrics. Thus the fabrication of regular fabrics with pitches p and k can be done in one place. The fabric is rolled up
The diagonal deformation process is transferred to eight other locations where the process is generally performed at a speed that significantly exceeds conventional regular weaving operations.

The regular fabric 11, which is thus transformed into a diagonal fabric at a constant (high) speed, can also be fed directly to a conventional polishing and curing section when it is desired to form a reinforced rubber braai 25. Winding device 13 interposed for storage of diagonal fabrics
Installation is not necessary at this time.

However, when the diagonal fabric delivered from the deforming device must be stored before use, the winding device 13
need to be installed. These winding devices 13 are equipped with a beam 15 which can drive, for example, a counterpressure roller 16 at a speed that can be adjusted to C-1:Ii.

It is also advantageous to dimensionally stabilize the diagonal fabric immediately before or at the same time as the winding operation. One or more stabilizing strips 17 are then wrapped at the same time, the strips extending to at least part of the surface of the fabric, for example close to its longitudinal ends.

The stabilizing strip 17 can be, for example, a substrate covered on one side with a rubbery coating, which can be adhered to the diagonal fabric and can be removed from both sides thereof. The strip 17 is thus covered and delivered from the spool 18. The diagonal fabric is unwound from the beam shaft 15 for further use (e.g. polishing) and the substrate 1
7 (e.g. pieces of paper) are recycled and collected, leaving a sticky coating on or in the fabric. Of course, a coating is selected that is compatible with the fabric structure that needs to be reinforced later.

The end 11 of the regular fabric is a 500+u+ width fabric.

In the longitudinal direction, pairs of nylon monofilaments 3 and 4 each have a diameter of 0.
．． It is arranged in a brat weave of 20+i, and the weft is 4X0.
Metal fibers having a structure of 25 (e.g. four 0.25 mm diameter pure coated steel wire filaments each twisted together, i.e. the cord diameter is approximately Q, 65II1
m, and the length of the twist is 14III). The warp pitch is approximately 20111Q+, and the weft pitch p is approximately 3.5I.
It was III. The weft element is about 18000ON/m
It had a tensile modulus of m2.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 8, a regular fabric is pressed through a device with seven roller sets 22a-22b, having an angle α of 24° 30- and a width of 205 mm. Transforms into diagonal fabric. The angle β was thereby chosen to be 16°. The deformation process is started by manually introducing the regular fabric between the rollers 22a-22b from the nip line 14, forming a zigzag path so that the front short part of the fabric reaching the winding section 13 is α - 24° 30
The weft thread element 2 is gradually brought into a diagonal position by hand in such a way that it is transformed into a diagonal fabric. The width of the fabric was thereby gradually reduced to approximately 205 nm+m. A diagonal guide (parallel to the weft thread element) was fixed to the beam shaft 15.

Continuing the regular fabric production process, a section of continuous fabric fed by a pair of driven rollers 19 in nip 14 is deformed through a zigzag path and counter-pressure is applied to wind it onto beam 15 driven by rollers 16. It will be done. The weft pitch "c" was about 1.51 and the warp pitch "all" was about 8.311. This means a-5,53c. Packing of weft thread element 2 in diagonal fabric (b/
c) was 0.65/1.5-43.3%.

It is of course possible to produce diagonal fabrics directly by the diagonal weaving process using weaves in which the weft thread elements are inserted diagonally between the warp thread elements. However, this solution generally requires a more complex am and therefore a larger investment.

In at least a preferred configuration, the reinforcement of elastomeric products such as automobile tires is carried out by embedding a fabric so that the reinforcing weft elements have a desired angle with the direction of rotation of the tire that coincides with the warp direction of the fabric. . The width of the embedded fabric strip is ml to the width of the tread portion while the fabric is cut to approximately the circumferential length of the tire. The two outermost transverse edges of the fabric run in the direction of the diagonal weft thread elements and touch each other after the strip has been applied around the carcass of the tire in the belt or tread area.

Fabrics in which the diagonal weft elements have a deflection coefficient are used in elastomeric products such as automobile tires, conveyor belts, drive belts, hoses, and tubes. 1 is a first embodiment of a fabric with warp elements;

FIG. 2 shows a reinforcing wire embedded in an automobile tire.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment in which the warp thread elements are not arranged in groups.

FIG. 4 is another embodiment showing different weaving methods using warp and weft threads.

FIG. 5 shows the initial arrangement of the threads according to FIG. 4 before the diagonal strain is applied.

Figures 6, 7, and 8 show an apparatus for producing fabrics with diagonal weft threads, and Factor 9 is a schematic diagram of an automobile tire incorporating a fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (28)

[Claims] (1) In a fabric comprising a warp thread element having a warp pitch of "a" and a weft thread element as a sewing thread having a width of "b", a tensile coefficient of 30000 N/mm^2 or more, and a weft thread pitch of "c". , a fabric characterized in that the angle α between warp-weft elements is in the range of 10° to 85°, and the packing coefficient b/c is in the range of 30% to 90%. (2) The woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein 15°≦α≦30°. (3) The woven fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that 18°≦α≦22°. (4) The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp thread elements are arranged in groups. (5) The fabric according to claim 4, wherein the warp elements are arranged as a pair. (6) A fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the warp thread elements run alternately above and below the weft structure. (7) The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp elements are arranged in a twill weave. (8) The woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the weft thread element has a tensile strength of 1000 N/mm^2 or more. (9) The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the packing coefficient is in the range of 45% to 80%. (10) The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp pitch is about 3 to 8 times the weft pitch "c". (11) The fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that the groups of successive warp threads are spaced apart at a pitch "a" with 3c≦a≦15c. (12) The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the weft thread element contains metal with a carbon content of 0.65% to 1%. (13) The fabric according to claim 12, wherein the weft thread element is a steel wire or a steel cord. (14) Claim 1, characterized in that at least the weft yarn has a surface layer that increases adhesive strength to the elastomer.
Fabrics described in section. (15) An elastomer body reinforced with at least one of the fabrics according to claim 14. (16) The elastomer body according to claim 15, wherein the elastomer body is a rubber layer in which a cloth is embedded and the thickness of the layer is not more than twice the thickness of the reinforcing portion. (17) The elastomer body according to claim 15, which is an automobile tire having at least one cloth on the tread surface and having warp thread elements running in the direction of rotation of the tire. (18) (a) A regular fabric is woven with a weft pitch p = c/sin α and a warp pitch k = a/sin α, (b) the fabric is fed to a set of rollers, and (c) each roller further Introduced above and between successive rollers (22a, 22b) of a roller set forming an angle with the previous roller, the fabric is transported in a zigzag path through this roller set, thereby against the warp element (1). A textile fabric characterized in that the weft thread elements (2) in the diagonal direction are gradually displaced to finally form the desired angle α, while the warp thread elements are substantially continuous in the weaving direction while gradually narrowing the width of the fabric. Production method. 19. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the diagonal weft fabric is wound onto the beam with warp elements running perpendicular to the beam shaft. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein in step (b) the regular fabric is moved between cooperating pairs of rollers. (21) The regular fabric in step (b) is moved such that the weft thread elements move parallel to the nip (14) of the cooperating rollers.
The method described in item 0. (22) Continuing a regular weave fabric with weft pitch p = c/sin α and warp pitch k = a/sin α into a diagonal fabric with warp and weft threads forming an angle α that is not 90° and having weft pitch c and warp pitch a a mechanically deformable device comprising delivery means for regular fabrics and a set of successive rollers arranged transversely to the frame by means of shafts at both ends, each roller forming an angle β with the previous roller; device which creates a zigzag-shaped path for the textile fabric, with adjacent shaft ends on one side of the frame being located closer together than adjacent shaft ends on the opposite side. (23) A device according to claim 22, characterized in that the angles β between each pair of successive rollers are equal. (24) The second claim characterized in that the odd numbered rollers are arranged in parallel in the frame (20).
The device according to item 2. (25) The second claim characterized in that even numbered rollers are also arranged in parallel in the frame (20).
The device according to item 4. (26) Continuous roller (22a) in frame (20)
, 22b), wherein means are provided for adjusting the angle β between each pair of pairs. (27) The device according to claim 22, further comprising means for winding up the deformed diagonal fabric. (28) The device according to claim 27, characterized in that the winding means comprises a drive-controlled winding device.