JPS6350060B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention is a method for shearing and crushing large pieces of garbage discharged from households, etc., into a size suitable for separation and incineration. It is related to the device.

[Conventional technology]

Bulky waste discharged from estates, etc. needs to be crushed into pieces of 150 mm or less for the purpose of metal recovery, etc. For this purpose, rotary hammer type crushers have traditionally been used. When gas cylinders, etc. are mixed in, sparks are generated from the collision between the hammer and the iron, which becomes a source of ignition and often causes large explosions, often destroying buildings, so rotary hammer type crushers are gradually being avoided. It's coming. Alternatively, a shearing machine as shown in Figures 4 and 5,
Alternatively, a shearing machine as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has recently come into use.

That is, the ones shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 have a fixed blade 4 installed on the upper edge of the bed 3, and a horizontal blade 2 having a blade shape 1 formed at the tip and moving vertically by the reciprocating motion of a piston. A plurality of vertical blades 5 are provided vertically on the bed 3 directly below the fixed blade 4 to shear the coarse material that has been compressed to a certain extent in the vertical direction through a pusher and a stamper (not shown) in cooperation with each other. cooperates with the horizontal blade 2 to shear the coarse material in the lateral direction, thereby crushing the coarse material into smaller pieces. Furthermore, in the case shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, following the vertical shearing of the coarse material by the horizontal blade 2 and the fixed blade 4, similar to the above-mentioned one,
The fixed blade 6 and the pushing cutting blade 7 are joined by a hinge 8, and the pushing cutting blade 7 is pushed from state A to state B by a piston that reciprocates in a cylinder 9, thereby pushing off large objects. We are trying to crush it into even smaller pieces.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in such a conventional shearing machine as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the lowering of the horizontal blade 2, in cooperation with the fixed blade 4, shears the coarse material in the vertical direction almost simultaneously. Since shearing is performed in the horizontal direction in cooperation with the vertical blades 5, there is a problem in that a very large horsepower is required to lower the horizontal blades 2.

In addition, in the case of a shearing machine as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an extra cylinder or piston is required to drive the pushing cutting blade 7 for the second stage of shearing following the first stage of shearing. Therefore, there were problems in that the cost was high, and furthermore, since the shearing work was performed using separate powers, it took a long time for shearing, and the efficiency was poor.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention includes a first stage shearing section using a vertically moving horizontal blade and a fixed blade that cooperates with the horizontal blade, and a second stage shearing section that includes a vertical blade attached to the horizontal blade and an inclined fixed blade that cooperates with the vertical blade. The above-mentioned problem is solved by configuring this section.

Next, the present invention will be explained using the attached FIG. 1.

FIG. 1 shows a pusher 12 and a stamper 14.
A coarse material shearing and crushing apparatus is shown, which includes a shearing machine and a shearing machine, and the shearing machine includes a first stage shearing section consisting of a horizontal blade 16 and a fixed blade 18, and a fixed blade 18 of the horizontal blade 16.
A plurality of vertical blades 20 each having an inclined blade shape 21 attached to the side opposite to the surface on which it slides, and a blade shape located below the fixed blade 18 and having a blade shape at an angle different from the inclination angle of the vertical blades 20. 25 and a second stage shearing section formed by a plurality of inclined fixed blades 22 installed within the movement locus of the vertical blades 20.

[Effect]

The coarse material that has been compressed to a certain extent via the pusher 12 and the stamper 14 is sheared in the vertical direction by the lowering of the horizontal blade 16 in cooperation with the fixed blade 18 (first stage shearing). The object falls and lands on the inclined fixed blade 22. With the subsequent lowering of the horizontal blade 16, the sheared object sitting on the inclined fixed blade 22 is further sheared in large numbers in the lateral direction by the cooperation of the vertical blade 20 and the inclined fixed blade 22 (second stage). (shearing), it becomes fine particles and falls downward. The lateral blade 16 will then be raised to repeat the shearing operation.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described below.

In the figure, 11 is a garbage pit, 12 is a pusher driven by a hydraulic cylinder 13, and 1
4 is a stamper which is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 15, and 14' shows the stamper in its raised state. Reference numeral 16 denotes a horizontal blade that is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 17 and has a horizontal blade shape. A fixed blade 18 is installed on the upper edge of the bed 19, and cooperates with the horizontal blade 16 to form a first stage shearing section. Reference numeral 20 denotes a plurality of vertical blades each having an inclined blade shape 21 attached to the side opposite to the surface on which the fixed blade 18 of the horizontal blade 16 slides, and 22 denotes a plurality of vertical blades attached between the frames 23 and 24. A blade shape 25 is formed at an angle different from the inclination angle of the vertical blade 20.
These are a plurality of inclined fixed blades installed within the movement trajectory of the vertical blade 20, and cooperate with the vertical blade 20 to form a second stage shearing section.

The coarse materials thrown into the garbage pit 11 are sequentially sent by the pusher 12 which is intermittently advanced by the hydraulic cylinder 13, and while the stamper 14 is raised to the position 14' by the hydraulic cylinder 15. A fixed amount of the material is fed into the lower part of the stamper, and as the stamper descends, the coarse material is compressed and crushed to a certain extent, and the coarse material is held down. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 17
As a result, the horizontal blade 16 located above is lowered (Fig. 3a), and the large object located in front of the stamper 14 is vertically moved by the cooperation of the horizontal blade 16 and the fixed blade 18. Sheared (first stage shearing). Then, the sheared object S falls onto the inclined fixed blade 22 installed below the fixed blade 18 (third b).
figure). Furthermore, as the horizontal blade 16 descends, the plurality of vertical blades 20 attached to the side opposite to the surface that slides on the fixed blade 18 of the horizontal blade presses the sheared object S while collaborating with the inclined fixed blade 22. As a result, the object S is sequentially sheared from above in multiple directions in the lateral direction (second stage shearing).

In this way, the coarse object is sheared and becomes many fine objects S', S''... (Fig. 3c), which fall downward. When the coarse object is sheared, the horizontal blade 16 is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 17. The shearing process is then repeated.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the apparatus for shearing and crushing large objects according to the present invention simply requires that a plurality of vertical blades be installed on the side opposite to the surface on which the fixed blade of the horizontal blade slides, and that a plurality of inclined fixed blades are installed below the fixed blade. With this, the coarse material is sheared finely as desired in one stroke, and at this time, the force required for shearing is small because there is a step between the vertical cut and the horizontal cut of the coarse material, especially in the second stage shearing section. Since the angle of inclination of the vertical blade and the angle of inclination of the inclined fixed blade are different, the shearing at that part is performed sequentially as if using scissors, so the force required for shearing can be even smaller.
Therefore, only a small horsepower is required to move the shearing blades.

Furthermore, since there is no need to use a separate drive for the second stage shearing, the shearing time can be reduced;
You can expect to increase efficiency that much, and you can also get something at a lower cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a coarse material shear crushing device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, and Figs. 3 a, b, c.
4 is a partial sectional view of a conventional example, FIG. 5 is a side view thereof, FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of another conventional example, and FIG. 7 is a side view thereof. . 12...Pushyah, 14...Stamper, 1
6...Horizontal blade, 18...Fixed blade, 20...Vertical blade, 2
2... Inclined fixed blade.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A coarse object shearing and crushing device comprising a pusher, a stamper, and a shearing machine, wherein the shearing machine includes: a first stage shearing section including a horizontal blade and a fixed blade; A plurality of vertical blades are attached to the side opposite to the movable surface and have an inclined blade shape, and a blade shape is formed at an angle different from the inclination angle of the vertical blades below the fixed blade. A coarse object shearing and crushing device comprising: a second stage shearing section having a plurality of inclined fixed blades installed within a moving trajectory.