JPS6340296A - Instantaneous re-lighting apparatus for discharge lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an instantaneous relighting device for a high-intensity discharge lamp, which is used in combination with a phase advance type ballast.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a lighting device for discharge lamps, in order to solve problems such as stability of operation and lifespan of a starter device equipped with a high-pressure pulse generation circuit using a glow lamp, a device as shown in Fig. 4^ (old) was developed. , a capacitor using a nonlinear capacitor made of a ferroelectric material having VQ characteristics has been proposed. This utilizes the saturation characteristics of a nonlinear capacitor to generate a pulse voltage every half cycle through an inductance connected in series, which is then applied to the discharge lamp to start it.It is inexpensive and reliable. It is a high quality lighting device.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, conventional discharge lamp lighting devices using such nonlinear capacitors are all intended for those using slow-phase ballasts such as choke coils, and exhibit excellent characteristics in terms of power supply voltage fluctuation characteristics, extinguishing characteristics, etc. No one has yet proposed a discharge lamp lighting device using a phase-advancing ballast consisting of a series capacitor.

Especially high pressure water root lamps, high pressure sodium lamps.

In lighting devices for high-intensity (HID) lamps such as metal halide lamps, a pulse generator GL is incorporated in order to facilitate restarting when restarting immediately after interruption of lighting. Needless to say, no proposal has been made to apply the nonlinear capacitor to a discharge lamp lighting device using a built-in phase advance type ballast, and there is no proposal to simply apply the conventional nonlinear capacitor to a discharge lamp lighting device using a phase advance type ballast consisting of a series capacitor or the like. When used in combination with a pulse generator for instantaneous restart, there is a problem in that restart cannot be easily obtained.

The reason why nonlinear capacitors are not used in discharge lamp lighting devices that use phase-advancing ballasts or devices that incorporate pulse generators is considered to be as follows. That is, generally, a discharge lamp has a current phase (a phase slightly after the current reaches zero) in which it is easy to start, and if a high-voltage pulse is applied at that point, the lamp can be turned on very easily.

Phase control of high-voltage pulse generation can be easily performed in the case of a slow-phase ballast using a choke coil, but in the case of a fast-phase ballast using a series capacitor, as shown in Figure 5, The lamp current It is the secondary no-load voltage ■
. At phase P, which is slightly beyond the point where the lamp voltage [11 becomes zero, it is difficult to apply a high-voltage pulse accurately using a pulse generator, etc., and it is difficult to operate the discharge lamp stably. This is because it was not possible to reliably turn on the light or instantaneously relight it. Note that in FIG. 5, VJL indicates the lamp voltage.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the instantaneous relighting device used in combination with the conventional phase advance type ballast. The object of the present invention is to provide an instantaneous relighting device that generates pulses while sequentially shifting their generation positions, and that enables easy relighting even in a discharge lamp circuit using a phase advance type ballast. .

Means and operation for solving problem c] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a pulse transformer in which a secondary winding is connected in series between a phase advance type ballast and a discharge lamp, and the pulse transformer. a circuit including a nonlinear capacitor connected in parallel to a series circuit of the secondary winding and the discharge lamp via a primary winding commonly connected to one end of the secondary winding of the discharge lamp; An instant relighting device for a discharge lamp is composed of a series circuit of a diode and a charging resistor and a bypass capacitor, which are connected in parallel to the series circuit of the electric lamp.

With this configuration, the high-voltage pulses generated at each cycle of the power supply voltage to the pulse transformer can be
By sequentially shifting the generation position, it is possible to generate a large number of high voltage pulses near the current zero cross phase, making it possible to easily and reliably relight a discharge lamp using a phase advance type ballast. It becomes possible.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described below. FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a discharge lamp instantaneous relighting device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a power supply connected to the primary side of the magnetic leakage transformer 2, and the secondary side of the magnetic leakage transformer 2 includes a parallel circuit of a series main capacitor CM and a discharge resistor R0, and a secondary circuit of a pulse transformer 3. The next winding n2 and a discharge lamp 4 such as an HID lamp are connected in series. The series circuit between the discharge lamp 4 and the secondary winding n2 of the pulse transformer 3 includes the circuit shown in FIG.
A nonlinear capacitor FEC having the characteristics shown in At, +[]l is connected in parallel via the primary winding n of the pulse transformer 3, which is connected in common to one end of the surface secondary, S cotton n2. Further, a series circuit of a diode D and a charging resistor R6 and a parallel circuit of a bypass capacitor C1 and a resistor R4 are connected in parallel to the series circuit of the discharge lamp 4 and the secondary winding n2, respectively.

Next, the operation of the instantaneous relighting device for a discharge lamp configured as described above will be explained. When the power FAI is immediately re-energized after being opened, the voltage of the first positive half cycle of the sinusoidal power supply voltage is transferred to the nonlinear capacitor FEC via the main capacitor C and the primary winding n of the pulse transformer 3. is applied to the current, and a charging current flows. The charging current suddenly becomes zero at the time when the charging charge is saturated, that is, when the saturation voltage Es of the nonlinear capacitor FEC is reached (phase angle P+).

At this time, as shown in the voltage waveform diagram of FIG. 2, a pulse voltage is generated by the inductance L of the magnetic leakage transformer 2 and the pulse transformer 3, and a large positive pulse voltage is applied to the secondary winding n2 of the pulse transformer 3. is induced, and this high voltage pulse is applied to the discharge lamp 4 through the bypass capacitor C1. Similarly in the next negative half cycle, the phase angle P
1', a negative pulse voltage is generated. Further, in this negative half cycle, a charging current flows to the main capacitor 0.4 through the charging resistor R6 and the diode D, and charging is performed.

When a second positive half cycle of the sinusoidal power supply voltage is then applied, the nonlinear capacitor FE
The point at which C reaches its saturation voltage E, is slightly delayed and therefore the phase angle P.

A pulse voltage is generated at a time point at a phase angle P, which is slightly delayed from the time point P.

On the other hand, in the second negative half cycle, the voltage obtained by adding the sine wave voltage to the charging voltage of the main capacitor Cn is applied to the nonlinear capacitor FEC, so the point at which the nonlinear capacitor FEC reaches the saturation voltage E, J is slightly earlier. Therefore, the phase angle Pz' is slightly advanced from the position of the phase angle P1'.
A negative pulse voltage is generated at the point in time.

Similarly, in each cycle of the sine wave voltage, the charging voltage of the main capacitor C1l increases sequentially, so positive pulse voltages occur at successively delayed times (phases), and negative pulses occur at successively advanced times (phases). It begins to occur. Then, the charging voltage of the main capacitor C, is the nonlinear capacitor F.
Saturation voltage E of EC.

When , the charging current no longer flows through the nonlinear capacitor FEC, and the pulse generation stops. Note that the pulse generation position immediately before stopping is Pl.

Indicated as P7'.

In this way, the pulse generation point, that is, the phase, shifts sequentially in each cycle of the sine wave voltage, so the pulse voltage is generated while scanning the vicinity of the current zero cross, and therefore the current The discharge lamp can be relit easily and reliably with a pulse generated at a phase that is a little later than the zero phase and which is easier to light, or a pulse generated at a position closest to that phase.

In particular, a negative pulse generated at a phase slightly after the phase of zero current functions effectively.

As mentioned above, the pulse voltage is generated even when the discharge lamp is not lit again, so that the charging voltage of the main capacitors C1 and L is equal to the saturation voltage E of the nonlinear capacitor FEC.

However, if the discharge lamp is turned on again before then, the nonlinear capacitor FEC will stop generating the pulse voltage because it will be regulated to a low lamp voltage and will not reach the saturation voltage E. do.

The phase angle difference between the generated pulses in each cycle is determined by the charging resistor R6
It can be set appropriately by selecting the value of . Furthermore, if the charging resistor Rc is too large, the discharge rate of the charge in the main capacitor C through the discharging resistor RH will be faster, so the charging Tri1 voltage of the main capacitor C8 will not reach the saturation voltage E of the nonlinear capacitor FEC. Therefore, the pulse generation does not stop and continues to occur unless the discharge lamp 4 is lit. Note that even in this case, the height of the generated pulse gradually decreases due to the temperature rise of the nonlinear capacitor FEC, so the danger decreases.

An example of a condition for stopping pulse generation and a condition for not stopping pulse generation found through experiments is as follows.

■Stopping condition for pulse generation R6≦R,, a v where a: 0.989 to 0.992■. 2: Secondary no-load voltage (effective value) (2) Conditions for non-stop pulse generation R, av<Re<Rs Next, a second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will be described. In this embodiment, instead of a single nonlinear capacitor FEC, a bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch 5 such as an SSS element is connected in series to the nonlinear capacitor FEC, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. be.

The operation in this case is as follows. That is, in each cycle of the sinusoidal power supply voltage, the breakover 71 voltage V m of the bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch 5.

When the voltage exceeds E, a steep step-like voltage is applied to the nonlinear capacitor FEC, and the nonlinear capacitor FEC is rapidly charged, immediately reaching the saturation voltage E.

, the current is abruptly cut off. Therefore, a higher pulse voltage is generated in the secondary winding finz of the pulse transformer 3. The generation positions of the upper and lower pulses shift sequentially with each cycle of the sinusoidal power supply voltage, and the generation of pulses stops when the charging voltage of the main capacitor CH exceeds the saturation voltage E of the nonlinear capacitor FEC. is exactly the same as the first embodiment. In this example,
As described above, since a higher pulse voltage can be obtained, the present invention is suitable as an instant relighting device for high-wattage discharge lamps.

An example of the phase at which the first pulse is generated and the pulse stop phase in this embodiment is as follows.

FEC Es: 270V Bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch V,. : ]20V
C, value: 46μF RMO value: 500 Ω ReO value = 50 to 60 Ω When a pulse is generated under the conditions (this corresponds to a 400W constant power ballast), the upper pulse is It occurred at a phase angle of 45° and stopped at a phase angle of 1026°. On the other hand, the lower pulse occurs at a phase angle of 252'' and a phase angle of 1
It stopped at 50'. The pulse height of each pulse was approximately 15 kV.

In addition, ■, semiconductor switch. When FE is lowered, the start phase of pulse generation shifts to the front, and the nonlinear capacitor FE
When the saturation voltage E of C is increased, the pulse stop phase moves backward.

In the above embodiment, as a bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch,
Although a semiconductor switch using an SSS element is shown, it is also possible to use a circuit configuration that combines various elements and has an equivalent function.

Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, by appropriately selecting the value of each resistor, the pulses that are generated while sequentially shifting the generation position can be stopped at one transition, or at the final phase of pulse generation! ! The resistance value is set so that the pulse is generated continuously in the final generation phase, and the diode D or the diode D and the charging resistor R are connected to each other.
When a discharging resistor having a value comparable to that of the charging resistor R8 is inserted in parallel to the series circuit of c, the following effects can be obtained.

That is, if momentary arcing occurs in the discharge lamp 4 toward the connection end of the pulse transformer 3 while pulses are continuously generated at the final phase position,
Since the main capacitor Cx is charged beyond the saturation voltage E of the nonlinear capacitor FEC, pulse generation is temporarily stopped. However, when the discharge resistor is inserted, the charging voltage of the capacitor Cs immediately returns to the saturation voltage E, or less.
Continuous generation of pulses at the final phase position is resumed.

On the other hand, if instantaneous arcing occurs in the discharge lamp 4 from the connecting end of the pulse transformer 3 to the other end while this pulse continues to be generated, the main capacitor C0 will be completely discharged and the first pulse will be generated. The pulse scanning operation from the phase will be started again. Since this operation is repeated until the discharge lamp is restarted, it becomes possible to further facilitate the relighting of the discharge lamp.

The present invention also relates to an instant re-lighting device for a discharge lamp combined with a phase advance type ballast, and a pulse transformer including a secondary winding connected in series to the discharge lamp according to the present invention,
a diode D connected in parallel to the discharge lamp and the secondary winding;
A circuit configuration consisting of a charging resistor R6, a nonlinear capacitor FEC, a bypass capacitor, etc., or a circuit configuration consisting of a diode D, a charging resistor Re, a 31[type capacitor FEC, a bypass capacitor, a bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch, etc.] is a slow phase stable type. It can be applied as an instant restart device to a discharge lamp as it is, and the height of the pulse generated in the negative half cycle is slightly lowered, and although scanning of the generated pulse is not performed as in the present invention, it is possible to restart the discharge lamp 1. It can be turned on.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above based on the embodiments, according to the present invention, positive and negative high voltage pulses are generated in each cycle of the power supply voltage while shifting the generation position from 1111 to the next in each pulse transformer. Therefore, even in an instantaneous restart circuit that uses a phase advance type ballast, it is possible to accurately restart 2 lighting with a pulse whose phase is easy to start the discharge lamp, and there is no need to apply extremely high pulses as in the past. .

In addition, since the generation of the pulse can be accompanied by sequentially shifting the generation point of the pulse, it is possible to prevent the emission of the pulse when the discharge lamp is not lit or when there is no load. Stability can be strengthened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an embodiment of a discharge lamp instantaneous relighting device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a voltage waveform diagram showing a pulse generation mode in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment, Figure 4 (old) is a diagram showing the V-Q characteristics of the nonlinear capacitor FEC, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the V-Q characteristics of the nonlinear capacitor FEC.
Figure 4 is the characteristic diagram for the one made of polycrystalline material. Figure 5 is the characteristic diagram for the one made of single crystalline material. Figure 5 is the secondary no-load voltage waveform in a discharge lamp lighting circuit using a phase-advanced ballast. It is a figure which shows a voltage waveform and a lamp current waveform. In the leap, 1 is the power supply, 2 is the magnetic leakage transformer, 3 is the pulse transformer, 4 is the discharge lamp, 5 is the bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch, C, 4 is the main capacitor, FEC is the nonlinear capacitor, C2 is the bypass Capacitor, Re is charging resistance, R
) 1 represents a discharge resistor, and D represents a diode.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A pulse transformer in which a secondary winding is connected in series between a phase advance type ballast and a discharge lamp, and a primary winding connected in common to one end of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer to A circuit including a nonlinear capacitor connected in parallel to a series circuit of a winding and a discharge lamp, and a series circuit of a diode and a charging resistor and a bypass capacitor connected in parallel to the series circuit of the secondary winding and discharge lamp, respectively. 1. A discharge lamp instantaneous re-lighting device, comprising: a discharge lamp instantaneous relighting device, characterized in that it is configured to generate positive and negative high voltage pulses to the pulse transformer while sequentially shifting their generation positions for each cycle of the power supply voltage. (2) The instantaneous discharge lamp relighting device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit including the nonlinear capacitor is composed only of nonlinear capacitors. (3) The instantaneous discharge lamp relighting device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit including the nonlinear capacitor is constituted by a series circuit of a nonlinear capacitor and a bidirectional two-terminal semiconductor switch.