JPS6339382B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6339382B2 JPS6339382B2 JP9902683A JP9902683A JPS6339382B2 JP S6339382 B2 JPS6339382 B2 JP S6339382B2 JP 9902683 A JP9902683 A JP 9902683A JP 9902683 A JP9902683 A JP 9902683A JP S6339382 B2 JPS6339382 B2 JP S6339382B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive grains
- grinding
- silicon carbide
- binder
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- QUEDYRXQWSDKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M [O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[OH-] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[OH-] QUEDYRXQWSDKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
各種研削砥石の中で、砥石の三要素である砥
粒、結合剤、気孔を兼ねそなえ、砥粒と結合剤の
結合が強固で、かつ結合剤の剛性が高いビトリフ
アイド砥石は、研削能力と加工精度がすぐれ、精
密研削加工には専ら用いられている。近年、難研
削金属材料を加工する必要性が高まり、ビトリフ
アイドCBN砥石が用いられることが多くなつて
きた。しかし、CBN砥粒は極めて高価であるた
め、ビトリフアイドCBN砥石のすぐれた研削性
能にもかかわらず、実用的には使いづらい現状で
ある。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Among various grinding wheels, vitrified grindstones have the three elements of a grinding wheel: abrasive grains, a binder, and pores, and the bond between the abrasive grains and the binder is strong, and the binder has high rigidity. Grinding wheels have excellent grinding ability and processing accuracy, and are used exclusively for precision grinding. In recent years, the need to process metal materials that are difficult to grind has increased, and vitrified CBN grinding wheels have been increasingly used. However, CBN abrasive grains are extremely expensive, so despite the excellent grinding performance of the vitrified CBN grindstone, it is currently difficult to use practically.
本発明によるビトリフアイド砥石は、この価格
的難点を解決するため、一般砥粒の範疇に入る砥
粒を有効に利用したもので、難研削金属材料に対
する研削性能が一段とすぐれている。 The vitrified grindstone according to the present invention effectively utilizes abrasive grains that fall under the category of general abrasive grains in order to solve this cost disadvantage, and has even better grinding performance for difficult-to-grind metal materials.
一般研削砥石の重要な構成要素である砥粒とし
ては、炭化けい素および溶融アルミナが用いられ
ている。炭化けい素は、ヌープ硬さが2750Kg／mm2
と高く、各種金属材料に対する切削能力は本質的
には高いが、衝撃エネルギーが3.0Kg・mmと低い
ため、炭化けい素の砥石は、研削加工時の減耗が
甚しく、金属の研削加工では、炭化けい素の潜在
的なすぐれた切削力を生かすことができない。従
つて、炭化けい素の砥石は、金属の研削には不向
きとされ、低い研削荷重の軽研削作業に一部使用
されているに過ぎない。一方、溶融アルミナは、
ヌープ硬さが2000Kg／mm2と幾分低いが、衝撃エネ
ルギーは4.5〜5.0Kg・mmで、金属の研削には充分
耐える。また、溶融アルミナは適度の破砕性を有
するため、研削中に切れ刃が自生し、良好な研削
作業が持続する特長も併せ持つている。従つて、
溶融アルミナの砥石は、金属の研削に広く用いら
れている。 Silicon carbide and fused alumina are used as abrasive grains, which are important components of general grinding wheels. Silicon carbide has a Knoop hardness of 2750Kg/mm 2
Although the cutting ability for various metal materials is essentially high, the impact energy is low at 3.0 kg・mm, so silicon carbide grinding wheels suffer from severe wear during grinding. The potential excellent cutting power of silicon carbide cannot be utilized. Therefore, silicon carbide grindstones are considered unsuitable for grinding metals, and are only partially used for light grinding work with low grinding loads. On the other hand, fused alumina is
Although the Knoop hardness is somewhat low at 2000Kg/ mm2 , the impact energy is 4.5 to 5.0Kg・mm, which is sufficient to withstand metal grinding. In addition, since fused alumina has a suitable degree of crushability, it also has the advantage that the cutting edge grows naturally during grinding, allowing for a sustained and good grinding operation. Therefore,
Fused alumina wheels are widely used for grinding metals.
しかし、硬度の高い難研削金属材料の研削に対
しては、溶融アルミナでは硬度的に不足であるた
め、止むを得ずCBN砥粒の砥石を使用せざるを
得ない場合が多い。 However, for grinding hard and difficult-to-grind metal materials, fused alumina is insufficient in terms of hardness, so it is often necessary to use a grindstone with CBN abrasive grains.
このような難研削金属材料を安価に、効率的に
研削するには、硬度的にすぐれた炭化けい素砥粒
を、その欠点を補いながら有効に利用するような
砥石が現れれば、非常に好ましい。この観点か
ら、耐久性にすぐれ、自生発刃作用のある溶融ア
ルミナ砥粒を炭化けい素砥粒と混合した混合砥粒
のビトリフアイド砥石が理想的である。しかし、
このような砥石は、製造上の難点から実用化され
ていない。 In order to efficiently grind such difficult-to-grind metal materials at low cost, it would be extremely desirable if a grinding wheel could be created that effectively uses silicon carbide abrasive grains, which have excellent hardness, while compensating for their drawbacks. . From this point of view, a vitrified abrasive wheel with a mixed abrasive grain in which silicon carbide abrasive grains are mixed with fused alumina abrasive grains that have excellent durability and a self-sharpening action is ideal. but,
Such grindstones have not been put into practical use due to manufacturing difficulties.
この理由は、双方の砥粒に共通して使用できる
結合剤が見出せなかつたことである。すなわち、
溶融アルミナ砥粒に適した結合剤は、比較的媒溶
剤が多く、溶融アルミナとの接合が良好である
が、炭化けい素とは化学反応を起こし、その界面
が発泡して劣化する。また、炭化けい素砥粒に適
した結合剤は、比較的高融点で磁器質であり、溶
融アルミナとの間に固相反応が全く発生しないた
め、接合力が極めて悪い。従つて、このような混
合砥粒のビトリフアイド砥石は、強度と結合度が
極めて低く、全く実用に耐えない。また一般に、
ビトリフアイド砥石の焼成温度である1250℃〜
1320℃では、双方の砥粒の熱膨脹係数の差が極め
て大きく、焼成後、この温度域から冷却する時に
結合剤橋に大きな歪を生じ、さらに低温度での冷
却中に、この歪がクラツクに成長して、砥石の強
度と結合度が著しく低下する。 The reason for this is that a binder that can be used in common with both types of abrasive grains has not been found. That is,
A binder suitable for fused alumina abrasive grains contains a relatively large amount of solvent and has good bonding with molten alumina, but it causes a chemical reaction with silicon carbide, causing the interface to foam and deteriorate. Further, a binder suitable for silicon carbide abrasive grains has a relatively high melting point and is porcelain, and since no solid phase reaction occurs with molten alumina, the bonding strength is extremely poor. Therefore, such a vitrified grindstone with mixed abrasive grains has extremely low strength and bonding degree, and is completely unsuitable for practical use. Also, in general,
From 1250℃, which is the firing temperature of the bitrified grindstone.
At 1320℃, the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of both abrasive grains is extremely large, which causes a large strain on the binder bridge when it is cooled from this temperature range after firing, and this strain causes cracks during cooling at a lower temperature. As it grows, the strength and bond of the grinding wheel are significantly reduced.
この問題を解決するため、発明者は、溶融アル
ミナ砥粒に適した結合剤に微量の三酸化バナジウ
ムを添加することにより、結合剤の炭化けい素と
の反応を抑制し、接合力を高めることができるこ
とを見出した。また、三酸化バナジウムを結合剤
に添加する代りに、溶融アルミナ砥粒に添加して
固溶させた変性砥粒を使用しても同様な結果を得
ることが判明した。すなわち、砥石の焼成中にバ
ナジウム変性アルミナ砥粒から三酸化バナジウム
が結合剤中に移動して炭化けい素表面に到達し、
炭化けい素と良好な結合が完成される。さらに、
これによる二次的な効果として、溶融アルミナ砥
粒自体のヌープ硬さが、無添加の場合に比べ向上
することが判明した。三酸化バナジウムの添加量
はアルミナ100％に対し、0.6％から2.0％の間が
良好である。すなわち、0.6％より小であれば、
炭化けい素と結合剤との接合力を向上せず、ま
た、変性砥粒のヌープ硬さも向上しない。2.0％
を超えると、炭化けい素と結合剤との接合力は、
依然として良好であり、また、ヌープ硬さも幾分
向上するが、変性砥粒のじん性が高くなり、砥粒
の必要条件である自生発刃作用が低下する。すな
わち、三酸化バナジウムを0.6〜2.0％添加して変
性した溶融アルミナ砥粒と炭化けい素砥粒の混合
砥粒に、950〜1180℃の焼成温度でビトリフアイ
ド化する結合剤を加えて成型した生砥石を950〜
1180℃で焼成して固結したビトリフアイド砥石
は、充分な強度と結合度を有し、各構成砥粒の特
長を発揮して、難研削金属材料に画期的な研削性
能を発揮する。 In order to solve this problem, the inventor added a small amount of vanadium trioxide to a binder suitable for fused alumina abrasive grains to suppress the reaction of the binder with silicon carbide and increase the bonding strength. I discovered that it can be done. It has also been found that similar results can be obtained by using modified abrasive grains, which are added to molten alumina abrasive grains and dissolved therein, instead of adding vanadium trioxide to the binder. That is, during firing of the grindstone, vanadium trioxide moves from the vanadium-modified alumina abrasive grains into the binder and reaches the silicon carbide surface.
Good bonding with silicon carbide is achieved. moreover,
As a secondary effect of this, it was found that the Knoop hardness of the fused alumina abrasive grain itself was improved compared to the case without additives. The amount of vanadium trioxide added is preferably between 0.6% and 2.0% based on 100% alumina. In other words, if it is less than 0.6%,
It does not improve the bonding force between silicon carbide and the binder, nor does it improve the Knoop hardness of the modified abrasive grains. 2.0%
, the bonding force between silicon carbide and binder is
Although the results are still good and the Knoop hardness is improved somewhat, the toughness of the modified abrasive grains increases and the self-sharpening action, which is a necessary condition for the abrasive grains, decreases. In other words, a mixture of fused alumina abrasive grains and silicon carbide abrasive grains that have been modified by adding 0.6 to 2.0% vanadium trioxide is mixed with a binder that converts into vitrified grains at a firing temperature of 950 to 1180°C. Whetstone from 950
The vitrified grinding wheel, which is baked and solidified at 1180℃, has sufficient strength and bonding, and brings out the characteristics of each constituent abrasive grain to provide revolutionary grinding performance for difficult-to-grind metal materials.
以下、本発明の効果を、実施例に基づき説明す
る。 Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be explained based on Examples.
実施例 １
緑色炭化けい素砥粒（粒度#46）40部と三酸化
バナジウム1.5％を固溶した溶融アルミナ砥粒
（粒度#46）60部の混合物100部を水2.8部でしめ
らす。一方、ビトリフアイド結合剤（カリ長石30
部、慶州セリサイト22部、フリツト：SiO255.7
％、Al2O35.6％、CaO7.6％、K2O3.1％、
Na2O3.0％、B2O324.1％：45部、タルク３部）10
部と黄色デキストリン３部を混合した結合剤を調
製する。これを前者と混合し、網通し後、かさ密
度2.00で圧搾成型する。これを、昇温速度毎時
100℃で1020℃まで昇温し、６時間保持後放冷す
る。このようにして製造した砥石は、大越式結合
度0.92mm、弾性率34.8kN／mm2であつた。この砥
石を、往復テーブル平面研削で、冷間金型鋼
SKD−11焼入材（ロツクウエル硬度HRc＝63）
を乾式で研削した場合、従来の同一結合度の一般
砥石WA#46−Ｉ−7Vに比べ、切り込みを3μｍ
から10μｍにすることができ、研削焼け、びびり
とも発生しなかつた。Example 1 100 parts of a mixture of 40 parts of green silicon carbide abrasive grains (particle size #46) and 60 parts of fused alumina abrasive grains (particle size #46) containing 1.5% vanadium trioxide as a solid solution was soaked with 2.8 parts of water. On the other hand, the vitrified binder (Potassium feldspar 30
Part, Gyeongju Sericite Part 22, Fritz: SiO 2 55.7
%, Al2O3 5.6 %, CaO7.6%, K2O3.1 %,
Na 2 O 3.0%, B 2 O 3 24.1%: 45 parts, talc 3 parts) 10
Prepare a binder by mixing 3 parts of yellow dextrin and 3 parts of yellow dextrin. This is mixed with the former, passed through a mesh, and then compressed to a bulk density of 2.00. This is the heating rate per hour
The temperature was raised to 1020°C at 100°C, held for 6 hours, and then allowed to cool. The grindstone manufactured in this manner had an Okoshi type bond of 0.92 mm and an elastic modulus of 34.8 kN/mm 2 . This grindstone is used for surface grinding on a reciprocating table to grind cold mold steel.
SKD-11 hardened material (Rockwell hardness HRc=63)
When dry-ground, the depth of cut is 3μm compared to the conventional general whetstone WA#46-I-7V with the same degree of bonding.
It was possible to reduce the thickness from 10 μm to 10 μm, and no grinding burn or chatter occurred.
実施例 ２
緑色炭化けい素砥粒（粒度#80）45部と三酸化
バナジウム1.0％を固溶した溶融アルミナ砥粒
（粒度#80）55部の混合物100部を、醋酸ビニール
15％水溶液４部でしめらす。一方、ビトリフアイ
ド結合剤（蛙目粘度12部、カリ長石35部、慶州セ
リサイト18部、フリツト：SiO265.6、Al2O310.0、
CaO12.7、K2O10.1、Na2O0.7：30部、タルク５
部）14部と黄色デキストリン1.5部、リグニン粉
末１部を混合した結合剤を調製する。これを前者
と混合し、網通し後、かさ密度2.05で圧搾成型す
る。これを昇温速度毎時100℃で1080℃まで昇温
し、６時間保持後放冷する。このようにして製造
した砥石は、大越式結合度0.42mm、弾性率
49.5kN／mm2であつた。この砥石を、センタレス
研削で、高速度鋼SKH−55焼入材（ロツクウエ
ル硬度HRC＝62）の外周研削を行つた場合、従
来の同一結合度の一般砥石MA#46−Ｍ−7Vに
比べ、ドレス間隔が８倍に延長し、研削比は12倍
に向上した。Example 2 100 parts of a mixture of 45 parts of green silicon carbide abrasive grains (particle size #80) and 55 parts of fused alumina abrasive grains (particle size #80) containing 1.0% vanadium trioxide as a solid solution were mixed with vinyl acetate.
Tighten with 4 parts of 15% aqueous solution. On the other hand, vitrified binder (Frog's eye viscosity 12 parts, potassium feldspar 35 parts, Gyeongju sericite 18 parts, frit: SiO 2 65.6, Al 2 O 3 10.0,
CaO12.7, K 2 O 10.1, Na 2 O 0.7: 30 parts, talc 5
Part) Prepare a binder by mixing 14 parts of yellow dextrin, 1.5 parts of yellow dextrin, and 1 part of lignin powder. This is mixed with the former, passed through a mesh, and then compressed to a bulk density of 2.05. This was heated to 1080°C at a heating rate of 100°C per hour, held for 6 hours, and then allowed to cool. The grindstone manufactured in this way has an Okoshi type bond of 0.42 mm and an elastic modulus of
It was 49.5kN/ mm2 . When using this whetstone for centerless grinding on the outer periphery of high-speed steel SKH-55 hardened material (Rockwell hardness HRC = 62), compared to the conventional general whetstone MA#46-M-7V with the same degree of bonding, The dressing interval has been extended by 8 times and the grinding ratio has been improved by 12 times.
特に本発明は、これらの実施例に記載されたも
のに限定されるものではない。 In particular, the invention is not limited to what is described in these examples.
Claims (1)
し2.0％固溶させた溶融アルミナ砥粒との混合砥
粒を、ビトリフアイド結合剤で950℃ないし1180
℃の焼成温度で固結することを特徴とするビトリ
フアイド砥石の製造方法。1 Mixed abrasive grains of silicon carbide abrasive grains and fused alumina abrasive grains with 0.6 to 2.0% vanadium trioxide dissolved in solid solution are heated at 950°C to 1180°C using a vitrified bonding agent.
A method for producing a vitrified grindstone characterized by solidification at a firing temperature of °C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9902683A JPS59224267A (en) | 1983-06-02 | 1983-06-02 | Manufacture of vitrified abrasive grains |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9902683A JPS59224267A (en) | 1983-06-02 | 1983-06-02 | Manufacture of vitrified abrasive grains |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59224267A JPS59224267A (en) | 1984-12-17 |
| JPS6339382B2 true JPS6339382B2 (en) | 1988-08-04 |
Family
ID=14235760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9902683A Granted JPS59224267A (en) | 1983-06-02 | 1983-06-02 | Manufacture of vitrified abrasive grains |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59224267A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4898597A (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1990-02-06 | Norton Company | Frit bonded abrasive wheel |
-
1983
- 1983-06-02 JP JP9902683A patent/JPS59224267A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59224267A (en) | 1984-12-17 |
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