JPS6336749A - Production of phosphatide concentrate from vegetable oil - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial field to which it is applied] The present invention relates to the oil and fat sector of the food industry, and more specifically:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of phosphatide concentrates (lecithins) from vegetable oils.

Phosphatide concentrates are widely used in the confectionery sector, baking sector, fats and oils sector and other sectors of the food industry (l
llI! [It is a product with

[Prior art]

Process for the preparation of phosphatide concentrates, comprising treating crude vegetable oil with water or an aqueous solution of electrolytes, separating the phospholipid precipitate from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation or centrifugation, and drying said precipitate at 60-90°C. is known in the prior art ([Vegetable i1 + fat y4 H and Processing Handbook J Luningrad, VN11211.1973, V.
2, p! 113-44; V, H,] Heisky, 13
"Manufacturing and Techniques of Vegetable Oil" edited by SI and Danilchuk, Mozuku 1no [Lie + - End Hood Industry]
Paplishers, 1982.111404-407
).

However, this method has been recognized to have the following disadvantages.

A drying process at 60-90° C. does not guarantee maximum removal of water from the phosphatide concentrate and therefore does not result in a phosphatide concentrate with low water content. Moisture in the phosphatide concentrate increases the MIIi of the oil separated from the phosphatide concentrate and the color of said concentrate, ie impairs the quality of the phosphatide concentrate. Moreover, in order to remove the maximum amount of water from the phosphatide 111 condensate, the drying temperature of the phospholipid precipitate needs to be increased to 100°C. This temperature increases the phosphatide concentration because of the formation of undesirable products, namely melanophospholipids, which increase the color index of the phosphatide concentrate, and because it increases the M number of the oil separated from the phosphatide concentrate. Adversely affects the quality of the concentrate.

[Problem to be solved]

The main objective of the present invention in the preparation of phosphatide concentrates from vegetable oils is to provide conditions for maximum removal of water from said 11J condensates at low drying temperatures in such a way as to improve the quality of phosphatide concentrates. The purpose is to produce a phospholipid precipitate before drying.

[Means for solving problems]

This problem arises in the production of phosphatide concentrates from vegetable oils by treating the crude vegetable oil with water or an aqueous solution of electrolytes, separating the phospholipid'nvc precipitate from the hydrated vegetable oil, and drying said precipitate. This is overcome by the process of the invention for producing phosphatide concentrates, which is characterized in that, before drying, the phospholipid precipitate is treated in an electromagnetic field with an intensity of 40,000-240,000 A/m at 50-65[deg.]C.

In a constant or variable electromagnetic field, phospholipid precipitates are
or can be treated in an electromagnetic field rotating at a speed of 500-3000 rpm.

The method of the present invention for producing phosphatide concentrates from vegetable oils comprises: (1) improving the quality of phosphatide concentrates by reducing their water content, color index and acid value of the oils separated from the phosphatide concentrates; (2) Drying the precipitate at a low temperature reduces the power consumption for drying the phospholipid precipitate.

As mentioned above, the phospholipid precipitate is 50=6 before drying.
Processed in an electromagnetic field of 5°C F40,000-240,000 A/m.

Phospholipid precipitation treatment temperatures below 50° C. do not produce any positive effects and are therefore not recommended.

Conversely, phospholipid precipitate treatment temperatures higher than 65° C. are not practical as they do not guarantee additional positive effects and require extra power consumption.

The use of electromagnetic fields with an intensity of less than 40,000 A/m is
These parameters should be discouraged as they negate the achievement of positive effects.

An electromagnetic field with an intensity higher than 240,000 A/m is
It is not practical for processing phospholipid precipitates, as achieving the method with these parameters does not give any additional positive effect and requires extra power consumption.

Treating the phospholipid z1 precipitate in an electromagnetic field rotating at a speed lower than 500 rl) In is not recommended as these parameters do not have a positive effect.

Similarly, processing phospholipid sediments in the 'Itila world rotating at speeds higher than 3000 rpll requires extra power consumption, as these parameters have no additional positive effect. It's inappropriate.

[Manipulation]

The method of the present invention for producing phosphatide concentrates from vegetable oils is accomplished as follows.

Crude vegetable oils, such as sunflower oil or soybean oil, have a
hydrating agents, such as water or aqueous solutions of electrolytes, at 0°C;
For example, it is treated with a 0.3% aqueous solution of sodium chloride or a 0.1% aqueous solution of citric acid. The weight of the wettable powder should be 1-3% of the weight of the crude vegetable oil. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation or centrifugation. The separated phospholipid precipitate was heated to 50-65°C.
in an electromagnetic field of 40,000-240,000 A/m and dried at 50-70°C.

Sedimentation can occur in a constant or variable electromagnetic field, or in a variable electromagnetic field.
It is processed in an electromagnetic field rotating at a speed of 0.00 to 3000 rpl.

The quality of the phosphatide concentrate is evaluated by the following indices: water retention, color index, acid number of the oil separated from the phosphatide concentrate.

These indices are described in N., S. Aldouni 7 eds. [Practical laboratory training in processing fats], Moscow I Light End Hood Industry] Bubble House, 19
83.1) l) Determined by the known methods described in 33-36.

The invention will become more fully apparent from the following examples.

〔Example〕

Example 11 Crude sunflower oil with an acid value of 2.48 ■KOH and a phospholipid content of 80.58% is treated at 200° C. with 2% of the mass of the oil in water. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by precipitation. The separated phospholipid precipitate was heated at 50°C in a constant electromagnetic field of 40000 A/m for 5!
I]l! and dry at 70°C.

Example 2 Acid 11a 2.484 KOH, a phospholipid content of 0.58%, is treated at 50° C. with a 0.3% aqueous solution of sodium chloride taken at an amount of 1.5% of the mass of the oil. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by centrifugation, treated in a constant electromagnetic field with an intensity of 240,000 A/m at 650°C and dried at 65°C.

Example 3 Crude sunflower oil with an acid value of 3.08 ItgKOH and a phospholipid content of 0.65% is treated at 70° C. with 1.0% of the weight of the oil in hanging water. The phospholipid precipitate was separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation and then heated to a strength of 160,000 A at 60°C.
/m in a constant electromagnetic field and dried at 60°C.

Example 4 Acid value 1.92I119KO1-1, phospholipid content 2.1
5% crude soybean oil is treated at 20° C. with a 0.1% aqueous solution of citric acid in an amount of 1.5% of the weight of the oil.

The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by centrifugation, treated in a variable electromagnetic field with an intensity of 40000 A/m at 65°C and then dried at 65°C.

Example 5 Acid value 1.92II! gKOH, phospholipid content 2.15%
of crude soybean oil was treated at 70° C. with a 0.5% aqueous solution of sodium hydride at 2.5% of the weight of the oil. The phospholipid precipitate was separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation and
C. in a variable electromagnetic field with an intensity of 240,000 A/m and then dried at 50.degree.

Example 6 Crude soybean oil with an acid number of 2.45 KOH and a phospholipid content of 1.58% is treated at 70° C. with a 1% aqueous solution of citric acid in hl of 1% of the weight of the oil. The phospholipid precipitate was separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by centrifugation and incubated at 55 °C for 16,000 min.
Treated in a variable electromagnetic field of 0 A/m and then dried at 65°C.

Takumi-U acid value 3.40qKO1l, phospholipid content ff10.85%
of crude sunflower is treated with water at 65° C. at a concentration of 1.0% of the mass of oil. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation and treated in an electromagnetic field of intensity/1 OOOOA/m rotating at a speed of 3000 rp- at 50°C and then dried at 60°C.

Example 8 Acid value 3.50114FKOH, phospholipid content 2.75%
Crude soybean oil is treated at 60° C. with a 0.1% aqueous solution of 3.0% citric acid of oil quality M.

The phospholipid precipitate was separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation at 65° C. with an intensity of 240,000 A/m and a rotational speed of 500.
Processed in J3 rotating electromagnetic field of rill, then heated to 70°C.
Dry with.

Example 9 Crude soybean oil with an acid number of 2.50*KOH and a phospholipid content of 2.75% is treated at 65° C. with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium chloride between 2.5% of the weight of the oil.

The phospholipid precipitate was separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by centrifugation, rotating at a speed of 1500 rpm at 50 °C with an intensity of 1
treated in an electromagnetic field of 60000 A/m, then 65
Dry at °C.

Example 10 (comparison) This example 10 is "Production and processing of 1IIII fats and oils"
Handbook, Leninkrad, VNllZll, 1913, p.
Achieved according to the conditions described on page 13-44.

Crude sunflower oil with an acid value of 2.48 RgKOH and a phospholipid content of 0.58% is treated at 70° C. with 2.0% of the weight of the oil taken up with stone water. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by sedimentation and dried at 70°C.

Example 11 (comparison) This example 11 is published in the "Production and Processing of Vegetable Oils and Fats" Handbook, Leningrad, VNllZll, 1913, pp 13
This is accomplished in accordance with Article f1 as stated in Article 44.

Acid 1 & 1.92 phrase K ON, 2.15% phospholipid content at 50℃? It is treated with a 0.5% aqueous solution of sodium chloride taken at 3.0% of the mass of lb. The phospholipid precipitate is separated from the hydrated vegetable oil by centrifugation and dried at 80°C.

The data collected by the method achieved according to the conditions described in Examples 1-11 are summarized in the table.

Examples of quality characteristics of phosphatide concentrates Color inde Water content Acid value of oil separated from phosphatide concentrates NO.
KOHay) 1 12.0 0.58
10.572 10.0 0.5
0 10.053 11.0 0
．． 45 11.594 9.0 0
．． 70 10.485 8.0
0.60 9.856 8.5
0.59 10.177 11
．． 5 0.65 12.008
11.0 0.40 9.859
10.5 0.45 10.5210(
Comparison) 15.5 0.98 1/1.
8711 (comparison) 15.5 0.98
15.49 EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The results contained in the table show that the phosphatide concentrates produced according to the method of the invention (Examples 1 to 9) were compared to the phosphatide concentrates produced according to the prior art method (Examples 10 and 11). This shows the fact that it is characterized by higher quality than other phosphatide concentrates. Thus, the water content ω of the phosphatide concentrates produced in Examples 1 to 9, the acid value of the oil separated from the phosphatide concentrates and the color index of the phosphatide concentrates are the same as those of the phosphatide concentrates produced in Examples 10 and 11. It is lower than each of the four indexes.

Apart from the above, the method of the invention allows the drying temperature of phospholipid precipitates to be lowered (Examples 5 and 7).
), as a result, the power consumption for drying process can be reduced.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Producing phosphatide concentrates from vegetable oils by treating crude vegetable oils with water or an aqueous solution of electrolytes, separating phospholipid precipitates from hydrated vegetable oils, and drying said precipitates. A process for producing a phosphatide concentrate, characterized in that, before drying, the phospholipid precipitate is treated in an electromagnetic field with an intensity of 40,000-240,000 A/m at 50-65°C. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid precipitate is treated in a constant electromagnetic field. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid precipitate is treated in a variable electromagnetic field. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid precipitate is treated in an electromagnetic field rotating at a speed of 500 to 3000 rpm.