JPS6331595A - Treatment of activated sludge - Google Patents
Treatment of activated sludgeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6331595A JPS6331595A JP61173722A JP17372286A JPS6331595A JP S6331595 A JPS6331595 A JP S6331595A JP 61173722 A JP61173722 A JP 61173722A JP 17372286 A JP17372286 A JP 17372286A JP S6331595 A JPS6331595 A JP S6331595A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- activated sludge
- polymer flocculant
- treatment
- sewage treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 fossilized shells Chemical compound 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001312219 Amorphophallus konjac Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001206 Amorphophallus rivieri Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGMRCMMOCQYHAD-UHFFFAOYSA-J dicalcium hydroxide phosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CGMRCMMOCQYHAD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010485 konjac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は活性汚泥の処理方法に関するものであり、更に
詳細には、カチオンに帯電させた担体を用いてこれに活
性汚泥を固定化し、もって、有利に下水処理を実施する
ための方法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for treating activated sludge, and more particularly, activated sludge is immobilized on the carrier using a cationically charged carrier. , advantageously relates to a method for carrying out sewage treatment.
したがって本発明は、下水処理技術、公害防止技術の産
業分野において重要な役割を果すものである。Therefore, the present invention plays an important role in the industrial fields of sewage treatment technology and pollution prevention technology.
（従来の技術）
活性汚泥を用いる下水処理は非常に有用な方法であって
、地方自治体の下水処理場において多用されており、ま
た、嫌気条件下での消化槽処理と併用すると、特に呆尿
処理が有効に実施することができ、下水処理、廃水処理
技術として非常にすぐれている。(Prior Art) Sewage treatment using activated sludge is a very useful method and is widely used in municipal sewage treatment plants. Treatment can be carried out effectively, making it an excellent sewage treatment and wastewater treatment technology.
このような下水処理において、活性汚泥を担体に固定す
ることができれば、活性汚泥濃度を高めることができる
ので高負荷処理が可能となるし、粒子の沈降速度を高め
ることができるので固液分離が容易となり、非常に効率
よく低コストで下水処理を実施することができるはずで
ある。In such sewage treatment, if activated sludge can be fixed on a carrier, the activated sludge concentration can be increased, allowing high-load treatment, and the sedimentation rate of particles can be increased, making solid-liquid separation possible. It should be possible to carry out sewage treatment very efficiently and at low cost.
ただこの場合、下水処理においては、エアレーションの
ほか混合や撹拌といった機械的な力が及ぼされるので、
担体と活性汚泥との結合はその力に抗して強固なもので
なければならないし、しかも、活性汚泥の力価、や活性
が低下してはならない。However, in this case, in addition to aeration, mechanical forces such as mixing and stirring are applied in sewage treatment.
The bond between the carrier and the activated sludge must be strong enough to withstand the force, and the titer and activity of the activated sludge must not decrease.
しかしながら、このような活性汚泥の固定化において、
撹拌や振動といった機械的力を及ぼしても活性汚泥を遊
離することなく強固に結合し且つ活性汚泥の活性には全
く影響を与えることのない担体は開発されておらず、上
記したような下水処理は行われていないのが技術の現状
である。However, in the immobilization of such activated sludge,
No carrier has been developed that firmly binds activated sludge without releasing it even when mechanical forces such as stirring or vibration are applied, and does not affect the activity of activated sludge at all. The current state of technology is that this is not being done.
（発明の目的）
本発明はこのような技術の現状に鑑みてなされたもので
あって、活性汚泥の活性はいささかも低下せしめること
がなくしかもこれを強固に結合しうる大量処理に適した
まさに理想的な担体を新規に開発し、これを用いて下水
処理する新規な方法を開発する目的でなされたものであ
る。(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the current state of technology, and is a method suitable for large-scale treatment that does not reduce the activity of activated sludge in the slightest and can firmly combine it. The purpose of this work was to develop a new ideal carrier and to develop a new method for treating sewage using this carrier.
（発明の構成）
本発明は上記目的を達成するためになされたものであっ
て、物理化学、生化学、生物学、微生物学、無機化学そ
の他各種の分野から検討した結果、担体の物理性、電気
性といった従来全く検討されていなかった側面に着目す
るに到った。(Structure of the Invention) The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and as a result of studies from various fields such as physical chemistry, biochemistry, biology, microbiology, and inorganic chemistry, the physical properties of the carrier, This led us to focus on aspects that had not been considered at all, such as electrical properties.
そして研究を続けた結果、担体の帯電が活性汚泥の固定
化に直接且つ極めて大きく影響するという新知見を得、
これを基礎として更に鋭意検討の結果、本発明の完成に
到ったものである。As a result of continued research, we obtained new knowledge that the charge of the carrier has a direct and extremely large effect on the immobilization of activated sludge.
As a result of further intensive studies based on this, the present invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明は、カチオンに帯電させた担体を使用す
る点を重要なポイントとするものである。That is, an important point of the present invention is the use of a cationically charged carrier.
固定化用担体としては、無機物、有機物、低分子物質、
高分子物質、天然物、合成物のいずれもが広く使用でき
、その例としては次のものが列挙される：砂、珪砂、貝
化石、クリストバル石、活性炭、ゼオライト、石炭、コ
ークス粒、鉄粉、磁鉄鉱、粘土鉱物（モンモリロナイト
、ベントナイト、酸性白土、カオリナイト等）、多孔性
ガラス。Immobilization carriers include inorganic substances, organic substances, low molecular substances,
A wide range of polymeric substances, both natural and synthetic, can be used, examples of which include: sand, silica sand, fossilized shells, cristobalite, activated carbon, zeolites, coal, coke granules, iron powder. , magnetite, clay minerals (montmorillonite, bentonite, acid clay, kaolinite, etc.), porous glass.
アルミナ、シリカゲル、ヒドロキシルアパタイト、リン
酸カルシウムゲル；ポリスチレン、ナイロン。Alumina, silica gel, hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate gel; polystyrene, nylon.
ポリウレア、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン、ポリアクリ
ルアミドゲル、ポリアクリレート、ケイ素樹脂、ポリビ
ニルアルコールゲル、各種共重合体といった合成樹脂：
デンプン、コンニャク粉、寒天、アガローズゲル、グル
テン、セルロース、ＤＥＡＥ（又はＤ［ＥＡＡ、 ＴＥ
ＡＥ、 ＣＭ）−セルロース、セルロースエステル等の
天然物；担体は、これらに限定されるものではなく、各
種のものが広く使用される。Synthetic resins such as polyurea, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyacrylamide gel, polyacrylate, silicone resin, polyvinyl alcohol gel, and various copolymers:
Starch, konjac flour, agar, agarose gel, gluten, cellulose, DEAE (or D[EAA, TE
AE, CM) - Natural products such as cellulose and cellulose ester; the carrier is not limited to these, and various carriers can be widely used.
担体の大きさ、形状は必要に応じて適宜選択するもので
あり、球状、棒状、角状、中空状、膜状、筒状、ホロー
ファイバー状等に成形できる。その表面は滑面としても
よいし、付着性を向上させるために粗面としたり、また
、多孔質にしたりしてもよい。担体の種類も目的に応じ
て選択するのが良いが、活性汚泥を固定する場合には、
大量に使用するために価格が問題となり且つ撹拌や振動
等の機械的処理にも耐えねばならないので、珪砂、貝化
石、クリストバライト、活性炭、ゼオライトといった無
機系の担体が好都合であるが、これらのものに限定され
るものではなく、その他有機系の担体も適宜使用できる
。The size and shape of the carrier are appropriately selected according to needs, and can be formed into a spherical, rod-like, square, hollow, membrane-like, cylindrical, hollow-fiber shape, and the like. The surface may be smooth, rough or porous to improve adhesion. It is good to select the type of carrier depending on the purpose, but when fixing activated sludge,
Inorganic carriers such as silica sand, fossil shells, cristobalite, activated carbon, and zeolite are convenient because they are used in large quantities, which makes them expensive, and they also have to withstand mechanical treatments such as stirring and vibration. The present invention is not limited to these, and other organic carriers can also be used as appropriate.
本発明においてはこの担体をカチオンに帯電せしめるの
であるが、このためには、担体を高分子凝集剤で処理す
るのである。高分子凝集剤としては、分子量５００〜１
５００万、好適には１０００〜１０００万のカチオン性
高分子凝集剤が使用され、その例としては次のものが挙
げられる。In the present invention, the carrier is cationically charged, and for this purpose the carrier is treated with a polymer flocculant. As a polymer flocculant, the molecular weight is 500 to 1
5,000,000, preferably 10,000,000 to 10,000,000 cationic polymer flocculants are used, examples of which include:
・ポリジアルキルアミノアルキル（メタ）アクリレート
・ポリジアルキルアミノアルキル（メタ）アクリレート
−ポリアクリルアミド共重合物
・ポリエチレンイミン
−ＥＣＨ２ＣＨ，ＮＨ）−１
・キトサン
・ポリビニルピリジン塩酸塩
・ビニルピリジン共重合物塩
上記のように担体をカチオン性高分子凝集剤で処理すれ
ば、担体が直接カチオン化される。しがしながら、カチ
オン処理した担体を乾燥した後アニオン性高分子凝集剤
で処理すると、カチオン化されるだけでなく、両者が反
応して水不溶性の繊維状析出物が担体表面に生成するの
で、このような処理も有利である。このようにして、必
要あれば、カチオン性及びアニオン性高分子凝集剤処理
を多数回くり返して、全体として担体をカチオン性に帯
電させることもでき、しかも生成した繊維状物によって
有機性物質を更に強固に結合固定することもできる。・Polydialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate ・Polydialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate-polyacrylamide copolymer ・Polyethyleneimine-ECH2CH,NH)-1 ・Chitosan ・Polyvinylpyridine hydrochloride ・Vinylpyridine copolymer salt If the carrier is treated with a cationic polymer flocculant as described above, the carrier will be directly cationized. However, if a cation-treated carrier is dried and then treated with an anionic polymer flocculant, not only will it be cationized, but the two will react and water-insoluble fibrous precipitates will be formed on the carrier surface. , such processing is also advantageous. In this way, if necessary, the cationic and anionic polymer flocculant treatment can be repeated many times to cationically charge the carrier as a whole, and furthermore, the generated fibrous material can further collect organic substances. It can also be firmly bonded and fixed.
これらの高分子凝集剤は、上記したように交互に層状に
処理してもよいし、これらで担体を同時に処理して、担
体表面上にカチオンとアニオンとを混在せしめるように
してもよい。ただ、カチオン性高分子凝集剤とアニオン
性高分子凝集剤とを併用する場合には、併用した後、全
体として帯電性がカチオンとなるようにその使用比率を
調整しなければならない。また、その使用比率を変える
ことによって、活性汚泥の性質や下水処理の種類に応じ
て、カチオン帯電性の強度を適正値にもっていくことが
できる。カチオン性高分子凝集剤のみを使用する場合で
あっても、その使用量及び／又はその種類を変えること
によって、同じくカチオン帯電性の強度を適正な範囲に
調節することができる。These polymer flocculants may be treated in alternating layers as described above, or the carrier may be treated with them simultaneously so that cations and anions are mixed on the carrier surface. However, when a cationic polymer flocculant and an anionic polymer flocculant are used together, the ratio of their use must be adjusted so that the chargeability becomes cationic as a whole after they are used together. Furthermore, by changing the usage ratio, the strength of cationic chargeability can be brought to an appropriate value depending on the properties of activated sludge and the type of sewage treatment. Even when only a cationic polymer flocculant is used, the strength of cationic charging can be similarly adjusted to an appropriate range by changing the amount and/or type of the coagulant used.
陰イオン性高分子凝集剤としては、分子量５００〜１５
００万、好適には１０００〜１０００万のアニオン性高
分子凝集剤を使用するのが良く、次のものが例示される
。The anionic polymer flocculant has a molecular weight of 500 to 15
0,000,000, preferably 10,000,000 to 10,000,000, is preferably used, and the following are exemplified.
・ポリアクリル酸塩
・ポリ（アクリルアミド−アクリル酸塩）共重合物
・アルギン酸ナトリウム
・マレイン酸共重合物塩
・その他
カチオン化担体による活性汚泥の固定化処理の具体的態
様を、まとめて示すと、次のとおりである。・Specific aspects of the immobilization treatment of activated sludge using polyacrylate, poly(acrylamide-acrylate) copolymer, sodium alginate, maleic acid copolymer salt, and other cationized carriers are summarized as follows: It is as follows.
方法１−カチオン性高分子処理
砂等の担体に、カチオン性高分子凝集剤の水溶液を添加
して、混合し、３０〜１５０℃で乾燥すると、担体表面
に高分子凝集剤が付着する。冷却後、活性汚泥中に投入
し、撹拌すると、担体粒子表面の高分子凝集剤の作用で
活性汚泥が凝集付着し、担体粒子表面に活性汚泥が固定
化される。Method 1 - When an aqueous solution of a cationic polymer flocculant is added to a carrier such as cationic polymer treated sand, mixed, and dried at 30 to 150°C, the polymer flocculant adheres to the surface of the carrier. After cooling, it is poured into activated sludge and stirred, and the activated sludge coagulates and adheres to the surface of the carrier particles due to the action of the polymer flocculant on the surface of the carrier particles, thereby immobilizing the activated sludge on the surface of the carrier particles.
方法２−カチオン性及びアニオン性高分子処理（１）上
記処理を行なった担体に、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の水
溶液を添加して混合すると、担体表面に付着したカチオ
ン性高分子凝集剤とアニオンが反応して、水不溶性の繊
維状析出物が担体表面に生成する。この場合、アニオン
の量は、カチオンとの反応当量と同じか少ない量とする
。次いで、３０〜１５０℃で乾燥すると、担体粒子表面
には、カチオンとそれを包括する繊維状反応物が付着す
る。Method 2 - Cationic and anionic polymer treatment (1) When an aqueous solution of an anionic polymer flocculant is added to the carrier treated above and mixed, the cationic polymer flocculant and anions attached to the surface of the carrier are mixed. reacts, and a water-insoluble fibrous precipitate is formed on the surface of the carrier. In this case, the amount of anion is the same as or smaller than the reaction equivalent with the cation. Next, when the carrier particles are dried at 30 to 150°C, the cations and the fibrous reactants surrounding them adhere to the surface of the carrier particles.
これを活性汚泥中に投入し撹拌すると、カチオンの作用
により活性汚泥が付着するのは上記方法−１と同じであ
るが、本法では繊維状反応物により、付着汚泥の付着安
定性が増し、撹拌による汚泥の剥離が更に少なくなる。When this is poured into activated sludge and stirred, the activated sludge adheres due to the action of cations, which is the same as method 1 above, but in this method, the fibrous reactant increases the adhesion stability of the adhered sludge, Peeling of sludge due to stirring is further reduced.
方法３−カチオン性及びアニオン性高分子処理（ｎ）固
定化しようとする活性汚泥にあらかじめ、アニオン性高
分子水溶液を添加し充分に混合する。Method 3 - Cationic and anionic polymer treatment (n) Anionic polymer aqueous solution is added in advance to the activated sludge to be immobilized and thoroughly mixed.
これに方法１又は２により処理した担体を投入し撹拌す
ると、担体の表面のカチオンは、活性汚泥を凝集付着さ
せると同時に、アニオンと不溶性の繊維状反応物を作る
ので、活性汚泥はカチオンの凝集作用と、繊維物の包括
安定化の両作用により安定化する。When the carrier treated by method 1 or 2 is added and stirred, the cations on the surface of the carrier coagulate and adhere to the activated sludge, and at the same time create insoluble fibrous reactants with the anions. It is stabilized by both the action and the comprehensive stabilization of the fibers.
担体の粒径は、担体の種類、その形状、固定化すべき活
性汚泥の種類、目的等によっても相違するが、小球状と
した場合は０．００１〜１０ｍｍ程度が好ましく、特に
好ましい範囲は、０．０５〜０．３ｎｎ＋程度であるが
、この範囲に限定されるものではなく、必要に応じて適
宜選択する。The particle size of the carrier varies depending on the type of carrier, its shape, the type of activated sludge to be immobilized, the purpose, etc., but in the case of small spheres, it is preferably about 0.001 to 10 mm, and a particularly preferable range is 0.001 to 10 mm. Although it is approximately .05 to 0.3 nn+, it is not limited to this range and may be appropriately selected as necessary.
これらの高分子凝集剤は、これを水溶液若しくはペース
ト状とした後これに担体を加えて混合撹拌してもよいし
、それとは逆に、担体に該水溶液若しくはペーストを加
えて混合撹拌しても、高分子凝集剤を担体に付着せしめ
、担体をカチオン化することができる。These polymer flocculants may be made into an aqueous solution or paste, and then a carrier may be added thereto and mixed and stirred, or conversely, the aqueous solution or paste may be added to a carrier and mixed and stirred. , a polymer flocculant can be attached to a carrier, and the carrier can be cationized.
これらの高分子凝集剤は、これを水溶液とじて使用する
場合には、０．０５〜５ｗ／ｖ％、好ましくは０．１〜
１．０ν／Ｖ％とするのがよく、高分子を粉末の状態で
担体と混合して、水を添加する場合は、水の量は担体が
わずかに水没する程度とするのが好ましい。必要ある場
合には、高分子凝集剤は、その水溶液を担体に直接スプ
レーしたり、又は粉末をスプレーした後、水をスプレー
したりして、該粉末を担体に付着せしめて担体をカチオ
ン化することも可能である。When these polymer flocculants are used as an aqueous solution, the content of these polymer flocculants is 0.05 to 5 w/v%, preferably 0.1 to 5 w/v%.
The ratio is preferably 1.0 ν/V%, and when the polymer is mixed with a carrier in powder form and water is added, the amount of water is preferably such that the carrier is slightly submerged in water. If necessary, the polymer flocculant can be used by directly spraying an aqueous solution onto the carrier, or by spraying the powder and then spraying water to make the powder adhere to the carrier and cationize the carrier. It is also possible.
担体とカチオン高分子凝集剤の割合は、乾物量換算で １００ ： ０．２〜１００：２ 程度とし。The ratio of carrier and cationic polymer flocculant is calculated in terms of dry weight. 100: About 0.2 to 100:2.
担体とアニオン高分子凝集剤の割合は、乾物量換算で
ｔｏｏ ： ０．２〜ｔｏｏ：２程度とするのが好まし
い。The ratio of the carrier to the anionic polymer flocculant is preferably about 0.2 to 2 on a dry matter basis.
このようにして高分子凝集剤によってカチオンに帯電さ
せた担体は、乾燥させた後又は乾燥させることなく、活
性汚泥の処理に使用し、活性汚泥を付着させる。The carrier thus cationically charged by the polymer flocculant is used in the treatment of activated sludge after or without drying, and the activated sludge is attached thereto.
すなわち、カチオンに帯電した担体を活性汚泥中に投入
したりこれとは逆に該担体に活性汚泥を加えて、両者を
接触させれば活性汚泥の処理が完了し、担体に活性汚泥
が付着する。具体的には。That is, if a cationically charged carrier is thrown into activated sludge, or conversely, activated sludge is added to the carrier and the two are brought into contact, the activated sludge treatment is completed and the activated sludge adheres to the carrier. . in particular.
該担体を活性汚泥中に投入し、両者を静置したり、混合
、撹拌したり、軽く遠心処理したりして、両者を直接々
触せしめればよく、この処理方法が極めてシンプルな点
も、下水の工業的ないし大量処理を目的とする本発明の
重要な特徴の１つである。This treatment method is extremely simple, as it is sufficient to put the carrier into activated sludge and allow the two to come into direct contact with each other by allowing them to stand still, mixing, stirring, or slightly centrifuging them. This is one of the important features of the present invention, which is aimed at industrial or large-scale treatment of sewage.
本発明によれば、このようにして活性汚泥を固定化した
担体は、エアレーションや機械的撹拌又は下水中の化学
成分等による物理的ないし化学的な作用によっても活性
汚泥を剥離することなく強固に固定し、しかも活性汚泥
の活性はいささかも衰えることがないばかりでなく、き
わめて短時日に増殖し、その結果下水処理がきわめて迅
速に行われるのである。According to the present invention, the carrier on which the activated sludge is immobilized in this way can be firmly maintained without peeling off the activated sludge even when subjected to aeration, mechanical stirring, or physical or chemical action of chemical components in sewage. Not only does the activity of activated sludge not deteriorate in the slightest, but it also multiplies in an extremely short period of time, resulting in extremely rapid sewage treatment.
したがって本発明によって得られた活性汚泥固定化担体
は、常法にしたがって通常の活性汚泥と同様に下水処理
場における反応槽において使用することにより、きわめ
て効率よく下水を処理することができる。この担体は、
このように地方自治体における様な大規模な下水処理施
設で有利に使用できるのみでなく、工場の廃水処理設備
はもとより家庭用の浄化槽や深床処理装置においても有
利に使用できる。また、畜舎や鶏舎に併設してこれらか
らの排出物も有利に処理するのに利用できる。Therefore, the activated sludge immobilization carrier obtained according to the present invention can be used in a reaction tank in a sewage treatment plant in the same manner as ordinary activated sludge according to a conventional method to treat sewage very efficiently. This carrier is
In this way, it can be advantageously used not only in large-scale sewage treatment facilities such as those in local governments, but also in wastewater treatment facilities in factories, as well as domestic septic tanks and deep-bed treatment devices. It can also be installed alongside livestock and poultry houses and used to advantageously treat the waste from these.
（発明の効果）
本発明は、担体をカチオンに帯電せしめるという全く新
規なメカニズムを発見し、これを工業的に応用すること
に成功したものである。(Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, a completely new mechanism of charging a carrier with cations has been discovered, and this has been successfully applied industrially.
すなわち具体的には１本発明によれば、担体を高分子凝
集剤で処理するというきわめて簡単な操作により、この
処理された担体と活性汚泥とを単に接触混合するだけで
、直ちに活性汚泥を付着せしめることができる。しかも
このようにして付着固定化された活性汚泥は、反応槽や
大型処理タンク等において激しく撹拌しても、担体から
分離することがなく、そのうえ、その生理活性はいささ
かも劣化することなく安定である。Specifically, according to the present invention, activated sludge can be attached immediately by simply contacting and mixing the treated carrier and activated sludge by a very simple operation of treating the carrier with a polymer flocculant. You can force it. Moreover, the activated sludge that has been adhered and immobilized in this way will not separate from the carrier even if it is vigorously agitated in a reaction tank or large processing tank, and furthermore, its physiological activity will remain stable without any deterioration. be.
換言すれば本発明によれば、両者を単に接触するという
きわめて簡単な処理方法によって担体と活性汚泥を付着
せしめることができ、それでいて、−旦付着固定化した
ら、激しく撹拌しても両者が分離することがなく、しか
も活性汚泥の活性、品質、力価、性能は全く衰えること
がない、という新規にして顕著な効果が奏されるのであ
る。In other words, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the carrier and activated sludge adhere to each other by a very simple treatment method of simply bringing the two into contact, and yet, once they are adhered and immobilized, the two can be separated even by vigorous stirring. This is a novel and remarkable effect in that the activity, quality, potency, and performance of activated sludge do not deteriorate at all.
そのうえ、本発明は各種の活性汚泥を広く固定化するこ
とができ、各種の下水や廃山物の処理に広く応用できる
ことも本発明のすぐれた特徴の１つである。Furthermore, one of the excellent features of the present invention is that it can widely immobilize various types of activated sludge, and can be widely applied to the treatment of various types of sewage and waste materials.
本発明によって処理された活性汚泥を用いると、活性汚
泥濃度を高くする事ができるので、高負荷処理ができ、
また粒子の沈降速度が速いので、固液分離が容易である
などの効果が得られる。そして、この方法によれば、投
入した担体に、活性汚泥が付着し、所定の付着性活性汚
泥濃度となるまでには、少なくとも２ケ月、長くて６ケ
月程の馴養期間を要し、その間の汚水処理方法が問題と
なる事や、投入した担体のうち、活性汚泥の付着する割
合が限られるといった従来からの下水処理技術の欠点が
完全に解決されるという著効も得られる。また本発明に
よれば、上記したように粒子の体積、重量が増大するの
で、担体粒子と液体とを、遠心分離、濾過、凝集剤処理
等によって分離する必要がなく、静置したリゾカンチー
ジョンするだけで迅速且つ容易に分離でき、省エネルギ
ー化、低コスト化が望まれる下水処理において本発明は
非常に有利である。担体として鉄粉等磁性粒子を用いる
と、磁場を作用させることによって上記処理が更に容易
に実施される。When activated sludge treated according to the present invention is used, the activated sludge concentration can be increased, so high-load treatment can be performed.
Furthermore, since the sedimentation speed of the particles is high, effects such as easy solid-liquid separation can be obtained. According to this method, it takes at least 2 months and at most 6 months for the activated sludge to adhere to the loaded carrier and reach the predetermined adhesive activated sludge concentration. It also has the remarkable effect of completely solving the drawbacks of conventional sewage treatment technology, such as problems with sewage treatment methods and a limited proportion of activated sludge adhering to the introduced carrier. Further, according to the present invention, since the volume and weight of the particles increase as described above, there is no need to separate the carrier particles and the liquid by centrifugation, filtration, flocculant treatment, etc. The present invention is very advantageous in sewage treatment where energy saving and cost reduction are desired, as it can be separated quickly and easily by simply washing. When magnetic particles such as iron powder are used as a carrier, the above treatment can be carried out more easily by applying a magnetic field.
以下、本発明の実施例について述べる。Examples of the present invention will be described below.
実施例１
珪砂（０，０７４〜０．１／１９ｎｎ＋） ５０ｇに強
カチオン性高分子凝集剤料 ０．３％水溶液８０ｍ Ｑ
を加え、９０℃で４時間乾燥させ水分を蒸発させる。室
温に冷却する。Example 1 50 g of silica sand (0,074 to 0.1/19nn+) and 80 m of 0.3% aqueous solution of strong cationic polymer flocculant material Q
was added and dried at 90°C for 4 hours to evaporate water. Cool to room temperature.
下水処理場から採取した活性汚泥（ＭＬＳＳ ２５００
ｍｇ／ｕ）ＩＱ中に上記処理した珪砂を添加し、ジャー
テスターにて１５Ｏｒｐｍで数分撹拌すると、珪砂の表
面に活性汚泥が凝集付着する。Activated sludge collected from a sewage treatment plant (MLSS 2500
mg/u) When the treated silica sand is added to IQ and stirred for several minutes at 15 Orpm using a jar tester, activated sludge coagulates and adheres to the surface of the silica sand.
酸素消費速度の測定により、付着前後の活性、゛り泥の
活性を比較して、活性の残存率を測定した。By measuring the oxygen consumption rate, the activity before and after adhesion and the activity of the mud were compared to determine the residual rate of activity.
値はほぼ１００％であった。The value was almost 100%.
実施例２
実施例１と同様に強カチオン性高分子疑集剤の処理を行
ったあと、中アニオン性高分子凝集剤傘２０．２％水溶
液３０ｍ Ｑを加えて混合して、９０°Ｃで４時間乾燥
させて、室温まで冷却する。そのあと実施例１と同じく
活性汚泥と反応させると珪砂の表面に活性汚泥が凝集付
着する。Example 2 After carrying out the treatment with a strong cationic polymer flocculant in the same manner as in Example 1, 30 m of a 20.2% aqueous solution of a medium anionic polymer flocculant was added and mixed, and the mixture was heated at 90°C. Dry for 4 hours and cool to room temperature. Thereafter, when it is reacted with activated sludge in the same manner as in Example 1, the activated sludge coagulates and adheres to the surface of the silica sand.
活性の残存率はほぼ１００％であった。The residual activity rate was approximately 100%.
実施例３
下水処理場より採取した活性汚泥（ＭＬＳＳ ２５００
ｍｇ／ Ｑ ）Ｉ Ｑに実施例２と同じ中アニオン水溶
液２５ｍ Ｑを加えて混合する。この中に実施例１で調
整した担体を投入し実施例１と同じく撹拌処理を行なう
と１粒径５ｍ〜１０ｎｖｎ位のやや大きな凝集体が生成
する。これを更に１５０ｒｐｍで１時間程撹拌すると２
ｍ以下の大きさに均一化できた。Example 3 Activated sludge (MLSS 2500) collected from a sewage treatment plant
mg/Q) 25 mQ of the same medium anion aqueous solution as in Example 2 was added to IQ and mixed. When the carrier prepared in Example 1 is put into this and stirred in the same manner as in Example 1, rather large aggregates with a particle diameter of about 5 m to 10 nvn are formed. When this was further stirred at 150 rpm for about 1 hour, 2
It was possible to uniformize the size to less than m.
この場合の活性残存率は約１００％であった。The residual activity rate in this case was approximately 100%.
＊１ カチオン性高分子凝集剤
Ｘ：Ｙ≠０．１ ： ０．９
＊２ アニオン性高分子凝集剤
ｘ ： ｙ ４ｏ、ａｓ ： ｏ、ｔｓ実施例４
実施例１において、珪砂をポリスチレン小球に代えた以
外は同様に処理して、活性汚泥をその表面に凝集付着せ
しめたポリスチレン担体を得た。*1 Cationic polymer flocculant X: Y≠0.1: 0.9 *2 Anionic polymer flocculant A polystyrene carrier with activated sludge coagulated and adhered to the surface was obtained by the same treatment except that .
この場合の活性残存率を測定したところ、約１００％で
あった。The residual activity rate in this case was measured and was approximately 100%.
Claims (1)
る活性汚泥の処理方法。A method for treating activated sludge, characterized by using a carrier charged with cations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61173722A JPS6331595A (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Treatment of activated sludge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61173722A JPS6331595A (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Treatment of activated sludge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6331595A true JPS6331595A (en) | 1988-02-10 |
Family
ID=15965929
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61173722A Pending JPS6331595A (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Treatment of activated sludge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6331595A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0235997A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-02-06 | Kyoto Suiken Kk | Treatment of sewage |
| CN103796960A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-05-14 | 新加坡国立大学 | Wastewater treatment using natural solid additives in activated sludge process |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5910318A (en) * | 1982-07-07 | 1984-01-19 | Shiraishi Chuo Kenkyusho:Kk | Filter medium for water treatment and filtering method |
-
1986
- 1986-07-25 JP JP61173722A patent/JPS6331595A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5910318A (en) * | 1982-07-07 | 1984-01-19 | Shiraishi Chuo Kenkyusho:Kk | Filter medium for water treatment and filtering method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0235997A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-02-06 | Kyoto Suiken Kk | Treatment of sewage |
| JPH0513000B2 (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1993-02-19 | Kyoto Suiken Kk | |
| CN103796960A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-05-14 | 新加坡国立大学 | Wastewater treatment using natural solid additives in activated sludge process |
| CN103796960B (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2016-11-16 | 新加坡国立大学 | The waste water utilizing natural solid additive in activated sludge process processes |
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