JPS63312046A - Tool life detector - Google Patents
Tool life detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63312046A JPS63312046A JP62145778A JP14577887A JPS63312046A JP S63312046 A JPS63312046 A JP S63312046A JP 62145778 A JP62145778 A JP 62145778A JP 14577887 A JP14577887 A JP 14577887A JP S63312046 A JPS63312046 A JP S63312046A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- tool
- workpiece
- cutting efficiency
- life
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0961—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring power, current or torque of a motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0995—Tool life management
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はζドリル装置もしくは旋盤等の工具の切味を検
出してその寿命を判別する工具寿命検知装置の改良に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement of a tool life detection device that detects the sharpness of a tool such as a zeta drill or a lathe to determine its life.
（従来技術）
従来、例えば特開昭５８−１９６９５４号公報に示され
るように、切削作業時の負荷変動つまり駆動モータの消
費電力の変動量を検出し、この値が同一の切削条件下に
おいて予め設定された許容範囲内であるか否かを判定す
ることにより、工具の切味の低下等に起因する工具異常
の有無を検出することが行なわれている。しかし、この
構成では、上記許容範囲が一定の切削条件に対応した値
として設定されているため、この切削条件と同一の条件
で実際の切削作業を行なわなければ適正な判定を行なう
ことができない。このため、主軸の送り速度およびワー
クの加工形状等が種々変化する場合等においては、この
切削条件に対応した各種の許容範囲を予め設定しておく
必要があるとともに、この許容範囲の中から実際の切削
条件に適合したものを選定しなければならず、装置の構
造が複雑であるという問題があった。(Prior art) Conventionally, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-196954, load fluctuations during cutting work, that is, fluctuations in power consumption of the drive motor, are detected, and this value is determined in advance under the same cutting conditions. The presence or absence of a tool abnormality caused by a decrease in the sharpness of the tool, etc. is detected by determining whether or not it is within a set tolerance range. However, in this configuration, since the above-mentioned allowable range is set as a value corresponding to certain cutting conditions, an appropriate determination cannot be made unless the actual cutting operation is performed under the same conditions as the cutting conditions. Therefore, when the feed rate of the spindle and the machining shape of the workpiece change in various ways, it is necessary to set various tolerance ranges in advance that correspond to the cutting conditions, and from within these tolerance ranges, it is necessary to The problem was that the structure of the device was complicated, and the device had to be selected to suit the cutting conditions.
（発明の目的）
本発明は、上記問題点を解決するためになされたもので
あり、切削条件の如何に拘らず工具の寿命を簡単かつ適
正に検出することができる工具寿命検知装置を提供する
ものである。(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a tool life detection device that can easily and appropriately detect the life of a tool regardless of cutting conditions. It is something.
（発明の構成）
本発明に係る工具寿命検知装置は、主軸の送り速度を検
出する送り速度検出手段と、ワークの加工形状を入力す
る加工形状人力手段と、上記送り速度検出手段および加
工形状人力手段からの出力信号に応じて単位時間当りの
ワークの切削量を算出する切削量演算手段と、工具によ
るワーク切削時の消費電力を検出する消費電力検出手段
と、上記切削量演算手段で求めた単位時間当りのワーク
切削量および消費電力検出手段で求めた上記ワークの切
削に要した消費電力に基づいて工具の切削効率を算出す
る切削効率演算手段と、この切削効率演算手段で求めた
工具の切削効率を予め設定された許容切削効率と比較す
ることにより工具の寿命を判別する工具寿命判別手段と
を設けたものである。(Structure of the Invention) The tool life detection device according to the present invention includes a feed rate detection means for detecting the feed rate of the spindle, a machining shape manual means for inputting the machining shape of the workpiece, the feed rate detection means and the machining shape manual power. A cutting amount calculating means for calculating the cutting amount of the workpiece per unit time according to an output signal from the means, a power consumption detecting means for detecting the power consumption when cutting the workpiece by the tool, and a cutting amount calculating means for calculating the cutting amount of the workpiece per unit time according to the output signal from the means. a cutting efficiency calculation means for calculating the cutting efficiency of the tool based on the workpiece cutting amount per unit time and the power consumption required for cutting the workpiece determined by the power consumption detection means; A tool life determination means is provided for determining the life of the tool by comparing the cutting efficiency with a preset allowable cutting efficiency.
」−記の構成によれば、切削量演算手段において算出し
た単位時間当りのワーク切削量と、消費電力検出手段に
おいて検出した上記ワークの切削に要した消費電力とに
基づいて工具の切削効率が求められ、この切削効率を工
具寿命判別手段において予め設定された許容切削効率と
比較することにより、切削条件の如何に拘らず工具の寿
命が簡単かつ適正に判別されることとなる。According to the configuration described above, the cutting efficiency of the tool is determined based on the workpiece cutting amount per unit time calculated by the cutting amount calculation means and the power consumption required for cutting the workpiece detected by the power consumption detection means. By comparing this cutting efficiency with a preset allowable cutting efficiency in the tool life determining means, the tool life can be easily and appropriately determined regardless of the cutting conditions.
（実施例）
図面に示す工具寿命検知装置は、先端部にドリル等から
なる工具１が装着された主軸２の送り速度を検出する送
り速度検出手段３と、上記工具１によってワークＷに形
成される加工穴の径もしくは面積等のワークＷの加工形
状を入力する加工形状人力手段４と、上記送り速度検出
手段３および加工形状人力手段４からの出力信号に応じ
て単位時間当りのワーク切削量を算出する切削量演算手
段５と、上記主軸２を回転駆動する駆動モータ６の消費
電力を検出する消費電力検出手段７と、上記切削量演算
手段５で求めた単位時間当りのワーク切削量および消費
電力検出手段７で求めた上記ワークの切削に要した消費
電力に基づいて工具１の切削効率つまり切味を算出する
切削効率演算手段８と、この切削効率ｔ′ｆｊＪ算手段
８で求めた切削効率の値を平均化する平均化手段９と、
この平均化手段９から出力された切削効率の平均値を予
め設定された許容切削効率と比較することにより工具１
の寿命を判別する工具寿命判別手段１０とを備えている
。そして上記工具寿命判別手段１０において切削効率の
平均値が許容切削効率よりも小さいと判定され、工具１
の寿命が尽きたことが判別された場合には、制御手段１
１に工具交換指令信号等を出力して工具１を自動的に変
換し、あるいは工Ａ１の寿命が尽きたことを表示する等
の制御を実行するようになっている。(Example) The tool life detection device shown in the drawings includes a feed rate detection means 3 for detecting the feed rate of a spindle 2 having a tool 1 such as a drill attached to its tip, and a tool life detecting means 3 for detecting the feed rate of a spindle 2 having a tool 1 such as a drill attached to the tip thereof, and The machining shape manual means 4 inputs the machining shape of the workpiece W such as the diameter or area of the machining hole, and the workpiece cutting amount per unit time is determined according to the output signals from the feed rate detection means 3 and the machining shape human power means 4. A cutting amount calculation means 5 calculates the amount of workpiece cut per unit time, a power consumption detection means 7 detects the power consumption of the drive motor 6 that rotationally drives the spindle 2, and the amount of workpiece cut per unit time calculated by the cutting amount calculation means 5. The cutting efficiency calculating means 8 calculates the cutting efficiency, that is, the cutting quality of the tool 1 based on the power consumption required for cutting the workpiece determined by the power consumption detecting means 7, and the cutting efficiency t′fjJ calculated by the calculating means 8. averaging means 9 for averaging cutting efficiency values;
By comparing the average value of the cutting efficiency outputted from this averaging means 9 with a preset allowable cutting efficiency, the tool 1
The tool includes tool life determining means 10 for determining the life of the tool. Then, the tool life determining means 10 determines that the average value of the cutting efficiency is smaller than the allowable cutting efficiency, and the tool 1
When it is determined that the life of the control means 1 has expired, the control means 1
A tool change command signal or the like is output to the tool 1 to automatically change the tool 1, or control is executed such as displaying that the life of the tool A1 has expired.
また、上記消費電力検出手段７で検出した駆動モータ６
の消費電力の検出値は、送り速度制御装置１２の比較手
段１３に人力され、この比較手段１３において上記消費
電力の検出値と、許容電力設定手段１４から出力された
許容電力の設定値とが比較される。そして駆動モータ６
の消費電力が許容電力を上回ったことが確認された場合
には、送り速度制御手段１５から速度低下指令信号を出
力し、上記主軸２および駆動モータ６をワークＷに向け
て前進させるねじ送り機構１６の送りモータ１７の回転
速度を低下させるように制御することにより、上記駆動
モータ６が過負荷状態となることを防止するように構成
されている。Further, the drive motor 6 detected by the power consumption detection means 7
The detected power consumption value is manually inputted to the comparison means 13 of the feed rate control device 12, and the comparison means 13 compares the detected power consumption value with the allowable power setting value output from the allowable power setting means 14. be compared. and drive motor 6
If it is confirmed that the power consumption exceeds the allowable power, the screw feed mechanism outputs a speed reduction command signal from the feed speed control means 15 and advances the main shaft 2 and the drive motor 6 toward the workpiece W. The drive motor 6 is configured to prevent the drive motor 6 from being overloaded by controlling the rotational speed of the 16 feed motors 17 to be reduced.
上記工具寿命検知装置により工Ａ１の寿命を判別するに
は、ワークＷの切削時に検出した主軸２の送り速度と、
予め入力されたワークＷの加工形状つまり加工穴の面積
とを積算することにより、単位時間当りに切削されたワ
ークＷの切削量を切削演算手段５において算出するとと
もに、上記ワークＷを切削するのに要した駆動モータ６
の消費電力を消費電力検出手段７において検出した後、
切削効率演算手段８において上記ワークＷの切削量を駆
動モータ６の／ｌ″ｌ費電力で除算することによリ、ワ
ーク切削量と消費電力との比からなる工具１の切削効率
を所定時間毎に求める。そして、上記切削効率の演算値
を適宜平均化することにより検出誤差等を修正した後、
この切削効率の平均値と、予め設定された許容切削効率
とを工具寿命判別手段１０において比較することにより
、工具１の寿命が尽きたか否かを判別する。In order to determine the life of the tool A1 using the tool life detection device, the feed rate of the main spindle 2 detected during cutting of the workpiece W,
By integrating the machining shape of the workpiece W input in advance, that is, the area of the machined hole, the cutting amount of the workpiece W cut per unit time is calculated in the cutting calculation means 5, and the amount of cutting of the workpiece W is calculated. Drive motor 6 required for
After detecting the power consumption in the power consumption detection means 7,
The cutting efficiency calculation means 8 divides the cutting amount of the workpiece W by the /l″l power consumption of the drive motor 6, thereby calculating the cutting efficiency of the tool 1, which is the ratio of the workpiece cutting amount and the power consumption, for a predetermined period of time. Then, after correcting the detection error etc. by appropriately averaging the calculated value of the cutting efficiency,
By comparing this average value of the cutting efficiency and a preset allowable cutting efficiency in the tool life determining means 10, it is determined whether or not the life of the tool 1 has expired.
すなわち、工具１の切味が悪化するとワークＷの切削抵
抗が増大するため、駆動モータ６の消費電力が増加する
とともに、上記送り速度制御装置１２が作動して主軸２
の送り速度が低下し、単位時間当りのワークＷの切削量
が減少することとなる。この結果、切削効率演算手段８
において算出される切削効率の値が低下することとなり
、この切削効率が上記許容切削効率よりも小さくなった
ことを判別することにより、工具１め寿命が尽きたこと
を確認することができる。That is, when the cutting quality of the tool 1 deteriorates, the cutting resistance of the workpiece W increases, so the power consumption of the drive motor 6 increases, and the feed rate control device 12 operates to increase the speed of the main shaft 2.
The feed rate of the workpiece W decreases, and the amount of cutting of the workpiece W per unit time decreases. As a result, the cutting efficiency calculation means 8
The value of the cutting efficiency calculated in is reduced, and by determining that this cutting efficiency has become smaller than the above-mentioned allowable cutting efficiency, it can be confirmed that the first life of the tool has expired.
このように、単位時間当りのワーク切削量と、このワー
クの切削に要した消費電力とに基づいて工具１の切削効
率を求め、その値に応じて工具１の切味が悪化したこと
を検知するように構成したため、主軸２の送り速度およ
びワークＷの加工形状が種々変化した場合においても、
比較基準となる上記許容切削効率の値を変化させること
なく工具１の寿命を正確に判別することができる。した
がって、切削条件の変化に応じて比較基準値が種々変化
する従来装置に比べて構成を簡略化することができる。In this way, the cutting efficiency of the tool 1 is determined based on the amount of workpiece cut per unit time and the power consumption required for cutting this workpiece, and it is detected that the cutting quality of the tool 1 has deteriorated according to that value. Because the structure is configured to
The life of the tool 1 can be accurately determined without changing the value of the allowable cutting efficiency that serves as a comparison standard. Therefore, the configuration can be simplified compared to a conventional device in which the comparison reference value varies in accordance with changes in cutting conditions.
また、上記実施例では平均化手段９を設けて切削効率の
演算値を適宜平均化するように構成したため、加工部に
対する異物のかみ込み等により駆動モータ６の消費電力
が一時的に増大した場合においても誤検出が生じるのを
防止することができるという利点がある。In addition, in the above embodiment, since the averaging means 9 is provided to appropriately average the calculated values of cutting efficiency, even if the power consumption of the drive motor 6 temporarily increases due to foreign matter getting caught in the machining part, etc. There is also an advantage that false detection can be prevented from occurring.
なお、上記切削効率は、工具１の種類およびワークＷの
材質に応じて変化するため、主軸２に装着される工具１
の種類およびワークＷの材質が変化する工作機械等にお
いては、工具１の種類等を入力する入力手段を設けると
ともに、この工具１の種類等に応じて上記許容切削効率
の値を補正する補正手段を設けた構造とすることが望ま
しい。Note that the above-mentioned cutting efficiency varies depending on the type of tool 1 and the material of the workpiece W, so the cutting efficiency
In a machine tool or the like in which the type of the tool 1 and the material of the workpiece W change, an input means for inputting the type of the tool 1, etc. is provided, and a correction means for correcting the value of the allowable cutting efficiency according to the type of the tool 1, etc. It is desirable to have a structure that provides
また、上記切削効率演算手段８において求めた工具１の
切削効率を表示する表示部を設け、この表示部において
表示された切削効率の値を工具１の変換および選定の目
安として用いるように構成してもよい。Further, a display section is provided to display the cutting efficiency of the tool 1 determined by the cutting efficiency calculation means 8, and the cutting efficiency value displayed on the display section is configured to be used as a guideline for conversion and selection of the tool 1. It's okay.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように本発明は、主軸の送り速度とワーク
の加工形状とに基づいてワークの切削量を算出し、この
ワーク切削量を上記ワークの切削に要した消費電力で除
算することにより工具の切削効率を求め、この切削効率
を予め設定された許容切削効率と比較することにより工
具の寿命を判別するように構成したため、ワークの切削
時に主軸の送り速度が変化し、またワークを変換してそ
の加工形状が変化した場合においても上記切削効率を特
定の許容切削効率と比較することにより、工具の寿命を
簡単かつ正確に検出することができるという利点がある
。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention calculates the cutting amount of the workpiece based on the feed rate of the spindle and the machining shape of the workpiece, and calculates the cutting amount of the workpiece based on the power consumption required for cutting the workpiece. The cutting efficiency of the tool is determined by division, and the life of the tool is determined by comparing this cutting efficiency with a preset allowable cutting efficiency, so the feed rate of the spindle changes when cutting the workpiece. Further, even when the workpiece is changed and its machining shape changes, there is an advantage that the life of the tool can be easily and accurately detected by comparing the cutting efficiency with a specific allowable cutting efficiency.
図面は本発明に係る工具寿命検知装置の実施例を示す概
略図である。
１・・・工具、２・・・主軸、３・・・送り速度検出手
段、４・・・加工形状入力手段、５・・・切削量演算手
段、７・・・消費電力検出手段、８・・・切削効率演算
手段、１０・・・工具寿命判別手段。The drawing is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the tool life detection device according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Tool, 2... Spindle, 3... Feed rate detection means, 4... Machining shape input means, 5... Cutting amount calculation means, 7... Power consumption detection means, 8. . . . Cutting efficiency calculation means, 10 . . . Tool life determination means.
Claims (1)
ークの加工形状を入力する加工形状入力手段と、上記送
り速度検出手段および加工形状入力手段からの出力信号
に応じて単位時間当りのワークの切削量を算出する切削
量演算手段と、工具によるワーク切削時の消費電力を検
出する消費電力検出手段と、上記切削量演算手段で求め
た単位時間当りのワーク切削量および消費電力検出手段
で求めた上記ワークの切削に要した消費電力に基づいて
工具の切削効率を算出する切削効率演算手段と、この切
削効率演算手段で求めた工具の切削効率を予め設定され
た許容切削効率と比較することにより工具の寿命を判別
する工具寿命判別手段とを設けたことを特徴とする工具
寿命検知装置。1. A feed rate detection means for detecting the feed rate of the spindle, a machining shape input means for inputting the machining shape of the workpiece, and a workpiece per unit time according to the output signals from the feed rate detection means and the machining shape input means. a cutting amount calculation means for calculating the cutting amount of the tool; a power consumption detection means for detecting the power consumption during cutting of the work by the tool; and a workpiece cutting amount per unit time and power consumption detection means determined by the cutting amount calculation means. A cutting efficiency calculation means that calculates the cutting efficiency of the tool based on the determined power consumption required for cutting the workpiece, and a cutting efficiency calculation means that compares the cutting efficiency of the tool determined by the cutting efficiency calculation means with a preset allowable cutting efficiency. A tool life detection device characterized in that it is provided with a tool life determination means for determining the life of a tool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145778A JPS63312046A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Tool life detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145778A JPS63312046A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Tool life detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63312046A true JPS63312046A (en) | 1988-12-20 |
Family
ID=15392950
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145778A Pending JPS63312046A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Tool life detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63312046A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1083025A2 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-14 | Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. | Abnormality detection apparatus for a tool and numerical control apparatus provided with same |
-
1987
- 1987-06-10 JP JP62145778A patent/JPS63312046A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1083025A2 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-14 | Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. | Abnormality detection apparatus for a tool and numerical control apparatus provided with same |
| EP1083025A3 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2003-01-22 | Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. | Abnormality detection apparatus for a tool and numerical control apparatus provided with same |
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