JPS63308086A - Energy transmitting fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to energy transfer media, and more particularly to water/glycol-based energy transfer media with enhanced lubricity and wear resistance under high pressure conditions.

For many years, water-based fluids have been used commercially as energy transfer media in hydraulic systems. Among such water-based fluids are water-soluble glycol- or glycol ether-containing compositions, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. (Hereinafter, it will be referred to as a "water/glycol"-based fluid.

Compared to petroleum-based fluids, water/glycol-based fluids generally have lower flammability and better temperature stability. Moreover, cleaning and disposal are usually more advantageous when using water/glycol based fluids as opposed to petroleum based compositions. However, water/glycol-based energy transfer fluids, such as those disclosed in the above cited patents, generally have relatively poor lubricity and wear resistance in high pressure applications.

Various lubrication and/or antiwear additives have been proposed in an attempt to improve the performance of water/glycol based energy transfer fluids.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,947,699 (Watson et al.) discloses the use of alkali metal salts of organic aliphatic acids as antiwear agents in water/glycol based hydraulic fluids.

U.S. Patent No. 14493777 (Snyder Jr., etc.)
discloses hydraulic fluids containing organic ionic acids, phosphorous acids, boron and/or carboxylic acid metal salts, or amine salts as anti-wear agents or lubricants.

U.S. Patent No. 3,992,312 (Genjida et al.) Line approx. 30
~60% by weight: about 5 to 30% by weight of a water-soluble polymer containing (1) the residue of a polyamide having an active hydrogen atom and (2) a suboxyl group attached to this residue; and about 15% by weight of a glycol. A water/glycol based hydraulic fluid comprising ˜60% blood content is disclosed, which fluid is disclosed to have good lubricity and anti-wear properties.

US Patent′! J144340 (No. 36 (Levis) salts, polymerized fatty acids, oxycarboxylic acids, and dicarboxylic acids) and about 0.01 to about 10 antiwear agents (i.e., a combination of hydroxy-substituted aromatic acid components and nitroaromatic compound components). Discloses a water/glycol-based fluid composition formulated with %.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,390,439 (Schwartz et al.) discloses the use of neodecanoic acid to improve the wear and corrosion protection of hydraulic fluids containing from about 60 to about 99 weight percent water.

Prior to the present invention, despite the lubricity and abrasive properties of water/glycol-based fluids, prior art disclosures regarding improved lubricity and wear resistance of additive-containing fluids were approximately 3000 ps
The use of such fluids was limited to devices operating at pressures below i.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a water/glycol based energy transfer fluid with enhanced pressure suppression performance.

Component (d) is present in an amount sufficient to provide the fluid with a viscosity of about 10 to about 200 centistokes at 40<0>C.

Further, the present invention relates to a method for hydraulically transmitting mechanical energy in a device operating at pressures of at least about 5000 psi, characterized in that the fluid disclosed herein is utilized as an energy transfer medium.

Certain combinations of water, diethylene glycol, and carboxylic acids disclosed herein enhance the high-pressure performance of water/glycol-based energy transfer fluids, rendering such fluids at least about
000 pst, preferably at least about 7000 pa
Most preferably, the present invention provides energy transfer fluids suitable for use in devices that operate at pressures of at least about 5,000 psi (-) About 30 to about 401 based on the total weight of the fluid! i-1%
, preferably from about 34 to about 371: (b) with diethylene glycol: (c) from about 0.8 to about 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the fluid.
an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 9 to 12 carbon atoms: (d)
a water-bathable polymeric viscosity modifier; 2(e) a corrosion-inhibiting amount of at least one corrosion inhibitor; and υ) a metal deactivator; It was found to be effective.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to the invention, water, diethylene glycol, an aliphatic carboxylic acid having from 9 to 12 carbon atoms, a water-soluble polymeric viscosity modifier, at least one corrosion inhibitor, and a metal deactivator are provided. about 10 to about 200 at 40°C.
A water/glycol composition having a centistoke viscosity is provided.

The aliphatic carboxylic acid component of the composition of the present invention has 9 carbon atoms.
selected from the group consisting of ~12 saturated and unsaturated linear and branched carboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof.

Representative examples of carboxylic acids suitable for use herein include nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, andecanoic acid,
and dodecanoic acid, and mixtures thereof.6 For purposes of the present invention, the C1 to Ctt carboxylic acids are all added to the above composition in an amount of from about 0.8 to about 5.01 [based on the total weight of the composition]. %, preferably about 1.0 to about 2.0% by weight
, is also preferably present in an amount of about 1 to about 1.6 mE mass %. C1-C, carboxylic acid is generally about 0.8 im%
Concentrations below are useful in providing the lubricity required for high pressure applications.

Next to the present invention, linear carboxylic acids having 10-12 carbon atoms constitute a preferred class of carboxylic acids.

Polymer viscosity tl of the compositions of the present invention [agents include poly(alkylene oxide) polymers, alkylene oxide adducts of alkyl phenols, polyalkyl methacrylates, urethane polymers, polyamide esters and polyamide alkoxylates; Oxide) polymers are a preferred type of polymer.

Poly(alkylene oxide) suitable for use here
The polymer contains a random or block distribution of oxyethylene groups, or both oxyethylene groups and polymeric oxyalkylene groups such as oxypropylene and oxybutylene groups, and has from about 400 to about 40,000, and even more. The amount of oxyethylene groups in a molecule with an average molecular weight of 0 is such that the poly(alkylene oxide) polymer is soluble in water at 25°C; alkylene oxide) remains liquid at 25° C. up to an average molecular weight of 40,000 and above.

The oxypropylene/oxyethylene ratio is from zero to about 1
1 can change. These poly(alkylene oxides)
Poly! - by reacting ethylene oxide, or a mixture of ethylene oxide and globin oxide or a polyalkylene oxide of higher molecular weight, with a compound having from at least 1 to up to 6 active hydrogen atoms, by a method well known in the art. It can be manufactured by The active hydrogen-containing compounds mentioned above include, for example, water, monohydric alcohols such as ethanol and propatool, dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, trihydric alcohols such as glycerin and trimethylpropane, and tetrahydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol. , hexahydric alcohols such as norbitol, and mono- or polyfunctional amines such as butylamine and ethylenediamine. The poly(alkylene oxide) products of such reactions have straight or branched oxyethylene or oxyethylene/high molecular weight oxyalkylene chains, which chains terminate in hydroxyl groups. Some or all of these hydroxyl groups are Ft with dialkyl sulfates such as diethyl sulfate.
It may be etherified depending on the reaction.

Alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols suitable for use herein include, for example, U.S. Pat.
No. 2768141 (Langer et al.) and US FIA patent!
There are adducts disclosed in No. 183379644 (Katzenstyrene, etc.).

Polyalkyl methacrylates and polyurethanes that can be used here are disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,352,783 (McHood). These polyalkyl methacrylates are generally obtained by the combination of alkyl methacrylates having an average number of carbon atoms per alkyl group of from about 3 to about 10.

Among the polyamide esters suitable for use herein are those disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,341,573 (Scheib). Suitable polyamide alkoxylates are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,992,312 (Gegida et al.).
has been disclosed.

For purposes of the present invention, the viscosity is up to about 100,000 centistokes at 100°C, preferably from about 5,000 centistokes to about 5oooo centistokes at 100°C;
Random copolymers with ethyne oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide containing from about 65 to about 85 weight percent oxyethylene groups are preferred.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the relative viscosity modifiers and diethylene glycol imparted to the energy transfer compositions of the present invention will vary depending on the desired viscosity of the energy transfer composition and the particular viscosity modifier used herein. Preferably, diethylene glycol and a viscosity modifier are added to the compositions of the invention at 40°C.
is present in an amount sufficient to provide a viscosity of from about 35 to about 80 centistokes. Generally, composition viscosities within the preferred ranges set forth above will include about 10% to about 20% by weight of the composition of the violet poly(alkylene oxide) viscosity modifier and about 4% by weight of the composition.
diethylene glycol in an amount of 0 to about 60% by weight.

The optimum viscosity of the fluid compositions of the present invention is likely to vary and depends, in part, on the type of pump used for a given operation. For example, vane pumps typically have a
It operates at pressures up to 40 psi and can be used as a draining fluid.
while using a composition having a viscosity of about 60 to about 80 centistokes at °C, typically about 5000 ps.
The draining fluid in an axial piston pump operating at a pressure of ~6000 psi is typically 40°C.
and has a viscosity of about 35 to about 50 centistokes.

Among the corrosion inhibitors suitable for use in the compositions of the invention are alkylamines, such as propylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, n-octylamine, cyclohexylamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, etc.; alkanolamines, For example, ethanolamine, jetanolamine, triethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, aryl amines, such as acetic acid, and other amine corrosion inhibitors, such as ethylenediamine, impropyl, etc. Aminoethanol, tripropylamine, morpholine, pyridine,
1.4-bis(2-aminoethyl)piperidine, imidacilline, 2-heptadecyl-1-(2-hydroxyl)
- imidacillin, etc.: and mixtures thereof. In addition to aminic corrosion inhibitors, other corrosion inhibitors suitable for use herein include alkali metal nitrites, nitrates and benzoates, alkoxylated fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.

The amount of corrosion inhibitor present in the compositions of the invention may vary;
It will depend in part on the choice of inhibitor and the severity of the application in which the fluid will be used. Generally, the total amount of inhibitor present in the compositions of the present invention ranges from about 0.4% to about 4.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. As used herein, a "corrosion inhibiting amount" of inhibitor is an amount of inhibitor that is at least 181 or more effective in achieving the degree of corrosion protection required in a particular application.

The metal deactivators used herein function primarily as chelating agents for steel and copper alloys. Representative examples of metal deactivators suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include tolyltriazole. , benzotriazole, mercaptobenzothiazole, sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, disodium 2,5-mercaptothiadiazole, mercaptobenzimidazole, etc., and mixtures thereof. Generally, the total amount of metal deactivator present in the compositions of the present invention ranges from about 0.01 to
It is about 2.0%.

In addition to the nine components previously mentioned, the energy transfer fluid of the present invention may also contain one or more components, such as those conventionally used in water-based fluids.
It may contain one or more additional ingredients. The total amount of all such additional components, if present, typically comprises about 1 to about 2% of the total amount of the fluid composition.

Examples of such additional components include emulsion silicones, antifoam agents such as polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactants; alkaline compatible dyes: ethylene diamino tetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylene triamino pentaacetic acid; Sequestering agents such as sodium or copper salts and oxycarboxylic acids and their derivatives, such as aminocarboxylic acids and their derivatives, including tartaric acid and sodium glyconate; and lubrication of the resulting compositions in interaction with the above components. There are other additives that do not adversely affect performance.

In preparing the water-based compositions of the present invention, each of the ingredients used may be added in any order of addition, or any combination of these ingredients may be incorporated into the composition. In general, each of the components to be used should be in water-soluble form, such as their alkali metal or ammonium salts, or can be solubilized in situ. The compositions of the present invention may be prepared from concentrates which, upon use, are diluted to reduce the moisture content mentioned above.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least about 5000
In an energy transfer fluid suitable for use in devices operating at pressures up to psi, (a) from about 34 to about 37% water, based on the total volume of the 111 body: (b) based on the total volume of the fluid. from about 12 to about 16% by weight of a water-soluble polyalkylene oxide viscosity modifier, preferably 1
Approximately 40,000 centistokes to approximately 60,000 centistokes at 00℃
a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide having a viscosity of centistokes and containing from about 70 to about 80% by weight of ethylene oxide groups; (C) from about 1.0 to about 2% by weight, based on the total amount of fluid; and (d) about 35 to about 41 tt% diethylene glycol, based on the total amount of fluid. and; (e) from about 1.4 to about 3.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the fluid, of at least one aminic corrosion inhibitor, preferably from about 0.6 to about 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the fluid. 5% morpholine and about 0.8 to about 2% OX by weight based on the total amount of fluid.
in combination with isopropylaminoethanol: (f) from about 0.04 to about 0.1% of the total amount of fluid;
An energy transfer fluid is provided which is characterized in that it contains as a main component a metal deactivator, preferably trolyltriazole.

Actual experimental example The following practical example is illustrative of the invention.

However, these experimental examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, unless otherwise specified.
All percentages shown in the experimental examples below are m t , vg
It is.

ASTM D2882, which describes the high-pressure performance of fluids made in V4 to the standards in Table 1, is referred to as "Method for Indicating the Abrasiveness of Petroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in Metering Vane Pumps."
Evaluation was made according to the procedure described in 83. The operating conditions used in this test were as follows.

The procedure described in ASTM D2882-83 was repeated six times for each preparation. Fluid wear rates were obtained following each run of a given test. The R1 rate is expressed as the total loss of the pump's cam ring and vanes over the operating period of the test.

The wear rates shown in Table 1 represent the average values obtained when the test was repeated six times. 11/1 in each of the six combing operations
If a wear rate of 00 hr with no grooves is obtained, the preparation is considered to have passed this test; if/1 in one experiment.
When a wear rate exceeding 00 hr is obtained, the test is stopped and
The preparation was deemed to fail this test.

Pump Bitscars V-104C Vane Pump Pump Speed - 1200 rpm Pump Pressure Car 1900 psig (134] #/
♂) Fluid temperature - 65°C 1 - 2 gallons of fluid Operating period - 100 hours Experimental example 4 The performance of the fluid was prepared at a working pressure of 5000 pat according to the specifications of the preparations in Table 1 and evaluated by the following test procedure. , the above procedure is divided into a 2-hour startup period, a 1-hour break-in period, and a 222-hour test period.

A standard model 22-2132 variable volume '1 type pump with a welded piston was charged with 16 gallons of test fluid. The operating conditions used in the test were as follows.

Input speed 3100±10041. p.m.

Load pressure 5000 psi Variable pressure 200±20 pai Case pressure
40pai (maximum) stroke Temperature of entire reservoir part 120±10 Lower loop temperature 170±10? Flow measurements were taken at various times during the 10 inch Hp (5 pai) test.

According to this test, a drop in flow indicates wear of the device (ie, as the device wears, the gaps between the moving parts of the device increase and the fluid affl decreases).

The fL violet data for this test is shown in Table 2. A review of the flow rate data in the stream indicates that no substantial decrease in flow rate occurred over the course of the test run.

At the end of the 222-hour test period, the device was
It was cooled to a loop temperature of F and stopped. 1% downtime for 24 hours! 3, the pump was disassembled and examined for wear. Examination of the test section revealed no unusual pump wear or damage.

Table 2 Measurement time Flow 1 (Gallo 77 minutes) After break-in 24.8 test 1 hour later
24.9 test 25 hours later
24.9 test 27 hours later 24.9 test 75 hours later 24.9 test 125 hours later 24.9 test 175 hours later
24.8 222 hours after test
24.7 Proceedings Amendment Book February 2, 1937

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the energy transfer fluid: (a) about 30 to about 40% by weight based on the total amount of the fluid;
(b) diethylene glycol; (c) from about 0.8 to about 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the fluid, of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having from 9 to 12 carbon atoms; (d) a water-soluble polymeric viscosity modifier; (e) a corrosion-inhibiting amount of at least one corrosion inhibitor; and (f) a metal deactivator, wherein (b) and (d) are present in the fluid. Approximately 10 at 40℃
An energy transfer fluid characterized in that it is present in an amount sufficient to provide a viscosity of about 200 centistokes. 2. The polymeric viscosity modifier is selected from the group consisting of poly(alkylene oxide) polymers, alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols, polyalkyl methacrylates, urethane polymers, polyamide esters, and polyamide alkoxylates. The fluid according to claim 1. 3. The fluid according to claim 2, wherein the corrosion inhibitor comprises at least one amine-based corrosion inhibitor. 4. The metal deactivator is selected from the group consisting of trolyltriazole, benzotriazole, mercaptobenzothiazole, sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, disodium 2,5-mercaptothiadiazole, mercaptobenzimidazole, and mixtures thereof. The fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: 5. The fluid according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the water-soluble polymer viscosity modifier is a poly(alkylene oxide) polymer. 6. Poly(alkylene oxide) polymer at 100℃
6. The fluid of claim 5, wherein the fluid is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide having a viscosity of up to about 100,000 centistokes. 7. Carboxylic acids include nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, neodecanoic acid,
A fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and mixtures thereof. 8. Component (e) is approximately 0.4 to 0.4 based on the total amount of fluid.
The fluid of claim 1, wherein the fluid is present in an amount of about 4.0% by weight. 9. The fluid according to claim 9, characterized in that it contains a combination of morpholine and isopropylaminoethanol as the amine corrosion inhibitor. 10. The metal deactivator is approximately 0, based on the total amount of fluid.
．． 10. The fluid of claim 9, wherein the fluid is patented to be present in an amount of 0.01 to about 2.0% by weight. 11. In an energy transfer fluid, (a) from about 34 to about 37% by weight water, based on the total amount of the fluid; (b) from about 12 to about 16% by weight, based on the total amount of the fluid; (c) an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 9 to 12 carbon atoms in an amount of about 1.0 to about 2.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the fluid; (d) a viscosity modifier (alkylene oxide); from about 35 to about 50% by weight diethylene glycol, based on the total amount of the fluid; (e) from about 1.4 to about 3.5% by weight, based on the total amount of fluid, of at least one aminic corrosion inhibitor; ) from about 0.04 to about 0.1% by weight, based on the total amount of the fluid, of a metal deactivator. 12. Poly(alkylene oxide) viscosity modifier is 100
It has a viscosity of about 40,000 centistokes to about 60,000 centistokes at °C and contains about 70 ethylene oxide groups.
12. The fluid of claim 11, containing up to about 80% by weight. 13. The fluid according to claim 11, characterized in that it contains a combination of morpholine and isopropylaminoethanol as the amine corrosion inhibitor. 14. The fluid according to claim 13, wherein the metal deactivator is tolyltriazole. 15. The fluid according to claim 14, wherein the aliphatic carboxylic acid is a linear carboxylic acid having 10 to 12 carbon atoms. 16. The fluid according to claim 15, wherein the aliphatic carboxylic acid is decanoic acid and/or dodecanoic acid. 17. A method of hydraulically transmitting mechanical energy in a device operating at pressures up to at least about 5000 psi, as claimed in any one of claims 1, 4, 11, or 14. A method characterized by using a fluid as an energy transfer medium.