JPS6330460B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a base consisting of a base board and a waterproof sheet on the frame of a building or structure, and a waterproof, heat-insulating layer having waterproof, heat-insulating, and humidity control properties is provided between the base and the exterior material. A large number of sheathing insulation boards are laid down to form a staircase shape, the vertical joints between the boards are covered with adhesive tape, and at least one strip of caulking material is planted in the area where the boards overlap. This relates to an exterior structure consisting of a horizontal roofing structure.

Conventionally, the exterior structure of a terraced roof structure, for example, the roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a base plate 2 is laid on a frame 1 (rafters in the figure), fixed with nails 3, and a waterproof sheet 4 is placed on top of it.
(asphalt felt in the figure) is layered one after another to form a base 5, and on top of that, an exterior material 6 (roofing material in the figure) as shown in FIGS. It had a structure in which it was fixed in sequence through the As a result, a wedge-shaped gap A is formed between the asphalt felt 4 and the roofing material 6, and the roofing material 6 may be deformed or the connection may come apart due to the pressure caused by snow accumulation or work on the roof. There were so many things that happened. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Furthermore, deformation of the roofing material 6 causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the skin, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roofing material 6 are significantly reduced. In other words, since the roofing material 6 is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80°C in midsummer) to extremely cold -20°C, it has the disadvantage that even the slightest damage causes rapid deterioration. In addition, the roofing material 6 has both inside and outside air on the back side.
Since they are in contact with each other on their surfaces and become places where condensation occurs, there are drawbacks such as corrosion of the base 5 and roofing material 6. Furthermore, in the conventional structure of this type, no heat insulating material was present between the base 5 and the roof material 6, which was disadvantageous in that it lacked energy saving. others,
It has also been proposed to interpose plastic foam, for example polystyrene foam, in the gap A between the base 5 and the roofing material 6 to improve the heat insulation.
It had the disadvantage of deteriorating and melting due to temperatures of 60 to 80 degrees Celsius in midsummer.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention forms a base consisting of a base plate and a waterproof sheet between the exterior material and the frame, and arranges a large number of sheathing insulation boards in series on this base. , and the joints between the boards are covered with adhesive tape, and the upper and lower ends of each board in each stage are overlapped in a stepwise manner between the boards and the substrate, and at least one strip of caulking material is interposed in the overlapped part. It forms a waterproof and heat-insulating layer to prevent condensation from forming on the surface of the base and the back of the exterior material, and to prevent water leakage by forming a double waterproof structure consisting of a waterproof sheet and a waterproof heat-insulating layer. The present invention proposes an exterior structure that is easy to construct by preventing corrosion of the exterior material and preventing deformation of the exterior material using the board.

An embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIGS. 3a and 3b are a partially cutaway perspective view and a vertical sectional view showing an example of an exterior structure according to the present invention, for example, a roof. Note that parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same symbols and numbers. In the figure, 1 is a frame, 2 is a base plate, 3 is a nail, 4 is a waterproof sheet, and 5 is a base, with a waterproof sheet 4 laid on the base plate 2. Reference numeral 6 denotes an exterior material which has a cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 2a to 2g and has a stepped appearance, and its height (step) h corresponds to the thickness of the waterproof and heat insulating layer 7 described below. 7 is a waterproof heat insulating layer (hereinafter simply referred to as a heat insulating layer), and a sheathing insulation board (hereinafter simply referred to as a board) is used as a constituent member.
The side end surfaces are arranged in series through joints 9 formed with a slight gap or in contact, and the joints 9 are covered with waterproof adhesive tape 10. Step 7-n ₀ ...The roof is constructed by overlapping the upper and lower ends of a plurality of steps up to step 7-n in a stepped manner. Moreover, each stage 7- of the heat insulating layer 7
n ₀ ...The vertical positional relationship of the 7-n stages is such that the lower end of the upper stage overlaps the upper end of the lower stage (the stage near the girder), and
At least one line of caulking material 11 is planted in the overlapped area as shown in FIGS. 4a and b to improve the waterproofness of the overlapped area.
and strengthen cohesion. Further, each stage of the heat insulating layer 7 is provided with a base 5 and a back surface 8a of the board 8 which is a component.
They are fixed with nails 3 so as to have a gap A' having a triangular longitudinal section between them. The board 8 has a rectangular outer shape as shown in Fig. 5, and its dimensions correspond to, or are longer or shorter than, the exterior material 6 (in the figure, the roof material). be. As a specific example, length L=
200~3636mm, width W=150~600mm, thickness t is 3~
It is about 30mm. In addition, in order for the board 8 to function as a waterproofing material, insulation material, reinforcing material, and humidity control material, high-quality wood logs are pulped, further defibrated, and
It is made from refined fibers, water-resistant agents, preservatives, insect repellents, asphalt, etc. as raw materials, and is formed into a plate. Note that the board 8 is a board whose surface is coated with asphalt, or is impregnated with asphalt before being formed into a board. In particular, the amount of asphalt impregnated is set at 10 to 40% (weight ratio) in consideration of humidity control and waterproofing functions. In addition, in order to form the heat insulating layer 7, as shown in FIGS. 6a to 6c, 7-n ₀
From 7-n ₁ of the second stage, third stage, ...7- of the nth stage
The roof is constructed by repeating the construction up to n times. That is, figure a shows a part of the first stage 7-n ₀ of the heat insulating layer 7, and one of the boards 8 which is a constituent member is set as 8-n ₀ -1 in the eave part and is connected through the nail 3. Fix it. Then 7−n ₀ −2,7
_{-n0-3 ,} . After that, an adhesive tape 10 is applied to the joint portion 9 to cover the joint portion 9. Next, as shown in figure b, caulking material 11 is applied to the upper end of the first stage 7- _n0 of the heat insulating layer 7 in parallel to the upper edge, in the so-called eave direction.
It is planted in rows. After that, the second stage 7- _n1 of the heat insulating layer 7 is applied as shown in Figure c. That is, one of the boards 8 is set to 7-n ₁ -1 at the upper end of the first stage 7-n ₀ of the heat insulating layer 7, and
The process of laminating the caulking material 11 in the area where it exists and fixing this laminated part (overlapping part) with nails 3 is performed in 7-n ₁
-2, . . . 7-n ₁ -n (not shown) are constructed in the same manner as the first stage 7-n ₀ of the heat insulating layer 7. Therefore, in order to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the base 5, it is sufficient to perform the steps described above in the order of the 3rd stage, the 4th stage (not shown), ... the nth stage toward the ridge. It is something.

Next, the construction method for the exterior structure will be explained. First, it is assumed that the exterior structure shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b is constructed with a roof in the figure, and a heat insulating layer 7 is placed on the base 5 formed from the base plate 3 and waterproof sheet 4 on the frame 1 as shown in FIG. It is formed in the order shown in a to c. In this case, the nail 3 may be a screw nail or a general nail, but a zinc nail is preferable. Further, the nails 3 are fixed by either a method of fixing the lower ends of the boards 8, the so-called overlapped portions, or a method of fixing all the upper and lower ends of each board (the former in the figure). Next, an exterior material _{6 ,} here a roofing material 6, as shown in FIG. The roof material 6-n ₀ -1 is fixed via the fasteners 12. The right end of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -2 is engaged with or placed on the left end of the roofing material 6-n ₀ -1, and is fixed via the locking tool 12 in the same manner as described above. Therefore, in order to install the roofing material on the first stage 7-n ₀ , the above-mentioned steps must be performed sequentially in the direction of the eaves, in the order of the roofing materials 6-n ₀ -3,...6-n ₀ -n. That's fine. In addition, the second stage of roofing material, so-called roofing material 6-
n ₁ -1, 6-n ₁ -2...The lower end of 6-n ₁ -n (not shown) is connected to the first stage roofing material 6-n ₀ -1,...6-n ₀ -
n, the second stage 7-n ₁ of the heat insulating layer 7
are sequentially placed on boards 8, which are the respective constituent members, and fixed via locking tools 12 to form the second roof. Therefore, to cover the entire roof,
The steps described above may be carried out by sequentially repeating the steps from the third stage to the nth stage (not shown).

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the exterior structure according to the present invention, and it is also possible to form the heat insulating layer 7 on the exterior wall in order starting from the base, and then apply the exterior material in a stepped manner. It is. Furthermore, Fig. 7 a, b
As shown in the figure, moisture-absorbing paper 13 or waterproof sheet 14
(However, it is also possible to use a board with a structure in which a large number of micron-sized holes for ventilation are stuck). Furthermore, the board 8 can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 8a-c.

As described above, according to the exterior structure according to the present invention, insulation between the frame and the exterior material, reliable waterproofness,
Also, since a heat insulating layer having moisture control properties can be formed, corrosion of the base material and exterior material due to dew condensation etc. can be prevented. Since the heat insulating layer is formed in a step-like manner with steps in the thickness of the boards that make up the structure, it functions as a ruler when installing the exterior material, making it easier to install the exterior material. Since the exterior material is placed and fixed on the heat insulating layer, it can sufficiently withstand external forces. Since the exterior material is roofed in a stepped manner, a three-dimensional exterior can be formed with high efficiency and without the need for skill. A caulking material is interposed in the overlapping part, and a waterproof adhesive tape is interposed and coated at the joint between the boards, so a complete waterproof and heat-insulating layer can be formed between the base and the exterior material. Even when the exterior material reaches high temperatures (80 degrees Celsius) in midsummer, its insulation, waterproofing, and humidity control properties do not deteriorate beyond the softening of the asphalt. A double waterproof structure consisting of a heat insulating layer and a waterproof sheet is formed between the exterior material and the frame, so even in the unlikely event of a water leak, rainwater will not reach the base plate or the frame. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional exterior structure, such as a stepped roof; Figs. 2 a to g are explanatory diagrams showing longitudinal sections of commonly used exterior materials, such as roofing materials; Figs. 3 a, b A is a perspective view showing an example of a roof structure covered with the exterior structure according to the present invention;
A cross-sectional view taken along the - line in the figure, Figures 4a and 4b are perspective views showing an extracted overlapping part of the waterproof and heat insulating layer, and Figure 5
The figure is a perspective view showing a sheathing insulation board used in the present invention, FIGS. 6 a to 6 c are perspective views showing a part of the waterproof insulation part formed by the exterior structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 a , b, and FIGS. 8a to 8c are perspective views showing other embodiments of the above board used in the exterior structure according to the present invention. 1...Structure, 2...Baseboard, 3...Nails, 4...
Tarpaulin sheet, 5... Base, 7... Waterproof insulation layer, 1
0...Adhesive tape, 11...Caulking material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A base plate is laid on the frame of the rafters, main pillars, studs, etc. of a building or structure, a waterproof sheet is stretched over it to form a base, and a waterproof insulation layer is formed between the base and the exterior material. The above-mentioned waterproof insulation layer consists of a large number of rectangular sheathing insulation boards arranged in series with their left and right ends in contact with each other, and their top and bottom ends overlapped in a step-like manner. An exterior structure characterized in that the surface of the joint part is covered with adhesive tape, and at least one strip of caulking material is interposed in the overlapped part.