JPS6328154B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a fabric made of ultrafine fibers that has good texture, waterproofness, and moisture permeability.

Traditionally, fabrics that have both waterproofness and moisture permeability have been produced by laminating a porous film of tetrafluoroethylene onto a woven or knitted fabric using an adhesive, or by wet laminating a microporous polyurethane resin onto a woven or knitted fabric. Coated products are known. However, these have the disadvantage that the product has a hard feel, and there is also the problem that the film layer or polyurethane layer and the woven or knitted fabric are likely to peel off due to washing or friction.

The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive research to obtain a waterproof and moisture permeable fabric that improves the shortcomings of the prior art by using split-peelable composite fibers.

That is, the present invention creates a woven fabric using a splitting type composite fiber made of polyester and polyamide that generates ultrafine fibers of 0.001 to 0.8 deniers as the warp and/or weft, and then converts the woven fabric into a fabric made of polyester and nylon. Using an aqueous emulsion of a swelling agent, nylon is treated mainly under conditions that cause it to swell and contract, and then the fabric is scoured and dyed, and then a polyurethane resin and/or a polyurethane resin is applied to the front and/or back of the fabric.
Alternatively, it is a method for manufacturing a textile having waterproofness and moisture permeability, which is characterized by coating with acrylic resin.

Any known splitting type composite fiber that generates ultrafine fibers of 0.001 to 0.8 deniers can be used in the present invention. Examples of these include the one disclosed in JP-A-51-70366, in which at least four constituent parts made of polyester and constituent parts made of polyamide are arranged adjacent to each other in a ring shape, and the fibers are A hollow composite fiber extending in the longitudinal direction and constituting a tubular body as a whole, and also described in U.S. Pat.
There are split-peel type composite fibers disclosed in No. 3117362 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-58578. The denier
If it is less than 0.001, the mechanical performance such as fiber strength is not practical, and if it exceeds 0.8, the water resistance will be insufficient and the object of the present invention will not be achieved, so it is unsuitable.

In the present invention, first, a woven fabric is created using the above-mentioned splitting and peeling type conjugate fibers as the warp and/or weft. Plain weave is preferred as the texture of the fabric, and the weave density is 120 threads/inch or more for the warp and 70 threads/inch for the weft.
Book/inch or more is preferable. Particularly preferred is a warp density of 120 to 180 fibers/inch and a weft density of 70 to 120 fibers/inch, obtained by using split and peelable composite long fibers for the weft and polyester or nylon long fibers for the warp.
It is a plain woven fabric of about 1 inch.

The fabric thus obtained is treated using an aqueous emulsion of a polyester and nylon swelling agent under conditions that primarily cause the nylon to swell and contract. Examples of such swelling agents include phenylphenols, chlorobenzenes, naphthalenes, diphenyls, phenols, cresols, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, and tolyl alcohol, but particularly preferred are the following general formulas [ ] [R represents a phenyl group or a lower alkyl-substituted phenyl group. ] These are phenylphenols represented by Also preferred are chlorobenzenes represented by the following general formula [], naphthalenes represented by [], and diphenyls represented by [].

[m is an integer from 1 to 3. ] [R is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. n is an integer of 1 to 2. ] [R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n' is an integer of 1 to 2. ] In the present invention, the above-mentioned woven fabric is subjected to, for example, the above-mentioned general formula []
0.1 to 5 of phenylphenols represented by
parts by weight of aqueous emulsion at temperatures below 40°C. Specific examples of phenylphenols represented by the general formula [] include O-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol,
Examples include phenylphenol. Phenylphenols can be made into an aqueous emulsion using a suitable surfactant, and these are commercially available, but in the present invention, the pure phenylphenols are 0.1 to 5% by weight, Preferably 0.2
The aqueous emulsion is adjusted to a concentration of ~2.0% by weight. The temperature for treating textiles with such aqueous emulsions is below 40°C, preferably between 10 and 35°C.
It is ℃. The phenylphenols used in the present invention are generally known to have a shrinking effect on polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, but within the above concentration and temperature range, the shrinkage of polyester is very small, but the shrinkage of nylon is very small. This is very large, and therefore the difference in shrinkage rates between the two becomes large.
Therefore, when a splitting and peeling type composite fiber made of polyester and polyamide is processed under such conditions, a large strain is applied between the two components due to the difference in shrinkage rate, and the composite fiber is partially split into ultrafine fibers made of each component. At the same time as it is peeled off, it becomes in a highly strained state where it is easily split and peeled off by mechanical or thermal action in the next scouring and dyeing process. The processing method is
A method of immersing the fabric in an aqueous emulsion of phenylphenols at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, or
There is a method of impregnating a fabric with an aqueous emulsion and treating it at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined period of time. In the former case, it is preferable to use an aqueous emulsion in an amount of 5 times or more the weight of the fabric, and in the latter case, it is preferable to impregnate the fabric with an aqueous emulsion in an amount of 70% or more based on the weight of the fabric. A suitable treatment time is 1 to 60 minutes.

Specific examples of the chlorobenzenes represented by the general formula [] include monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and trichlorobenzene, and naphthalenes represented by the general formula [] include α-
Methylnaphthalene, β-methylnaphthalene, 1,
There are 2-dimethylnaphthalene and 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, and diphenyl represented by the general formula [] includes diphenyl. These compounds are also used under the same conditions as for phenylphenols, except that the treatment temperature is 60°C or lower.
Preferably, a temperature range of 30 to 50°C is adopted.

The fabric of the present invention is then refined and refined according to a conventional method.
dyed. Through this step, the split-release type conjugate fiber is split and peeled to generate ultrafine fibers of 0.001 to 0.8 denier made of polyester or polyamide.

Next, in the present invention, the front and/or back surfaces of the fabric are coated with polyurethane resin and/or acrylic resin. The amount of coating is 1 to 10 g/m ² , preferably 2 to 5 g/m ² solids. The coating method may be any method such as floating knife coating, knife over roll coating, reverse roll coating, roll doctor coating, etc.

In the present invention, the fabric may be calendered with a pressurized heated roll prior to coating.
The temperature of the heat roll is 130~180℃, the pressure is 10~80Kg/
^cm2 is preferred. For calendering, the cloth speed is 5.
~20m/min is appropriate. By such processing, the composite fibers are sufficiently divided and peeled, the fabric is shrunk, and its surface is smoothed.

Furthermore, in the present invention, water-repellent treatment may be performed using a water-repellent agent before or after coating. Examples of the water repellent include fluorine-based water repellents such as perfluoroalkyl acrylate and silicone-based water repellents, with fluorine-based water repellents being particularly preferred.
The appropriate amount to be applied is about 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the fabric.

In the present invention, the woven fabric made of split-release type composite fibers is subjected to split-release treatment, so that the structure of the woven fabric becomes extremely dense. Water pressure resistance is approximately 700mm, moisture permeability is 6000g/ ^m2・24hr
You can get more than that. By coating such a fabric with a small amount of polyurethane resin and/or acrylic resin, that is, about 1 to 10 g/m ² , the structure of the fabric becomes even more dense, and the water pressure resistance is 1500.
A fabric with extremely excellent waterproofness and moisture permeability, with a moisture permeability of 5000 g/m ² ·24 hr or more, can be obtained. In the present invention, since the structure of the fabric itself is dense, only a small amount of resin is needed for coating, and because of the small amount, it has sufficient moisture permeability even if it is not microporous, and has a soft texture. Fabrics are obtained.

Therefore, the fabric of the present invention having such characteristics can be used not only for outer clothing such as windbreakers, coats, sports pants, quilted winter clothing, and down jackets, but also for umbrella fabrics, tent fabrics, bags,
Can also be used for various covers.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples. Parts and percentages in the examples are by weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 (1) Creation of woven fabric According to the method disclosed in JP-A-51-70366,
Intrinsic viscosity 0.62 (in orthochlorophenol, 35
polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.30 (measured in metacresol at 35 °C)
Using poly-ε-caproamide, a hollow composite fiber is produced in which 16 polyester component parts and polyamide component parts are arranged adjacent to each other in a ring shape, and extend in the longitudinal direction of the fiber to form a tubular body as a whole. did. In this hollow conjugate fiber, the weight ratio of all polyamide components to all polyester components was 1:1, the denier of each component was 0.23 denier, and the denier of the hollow conjugate fiber was 3.7 denier. Further, the hollowness ratio - the ratio of the volume of the hollow part to the total volume of all the polyamide constituent parts, all the polyester constituent parts, and the hollow part - was 8%.

The hollow composite fiber multifilament (150 denier/40 filament, non-twisted) is used as the weft, and the polyethylene terephthalate multifilament (75 denier/72 filament, twist number 300T/M) is used as the warp. A plain woven fabric (taffeta) with a density of 105 threads/inch and a weft of 73 threads/inch was created.

(2) Fabric processing The fabric obtained as described above was treated with tetrocine.
It was immersed in a 1% emulsion of OE-N (manufactured by Yamakawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., containing 36% O-phenylphenol) at 30°C for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30). Then the fabric is soda ash 0.5
% and score roll 400 (manufactured by Kao Atlas) 1
scouring bath at 90° C. for 20 minutes.
The fabric was heat set at 170°C for 30 seconds and then
4% Duranol Blue G (CI No. 63305, trademark name of disperse dye manufactured by ICI) and 0.2 ml of acetic acid/
And dyeing was carried out at 130° C. for 60 minutes in an aqueous dyeing bath containing 1 g of a dispersant mainly composed of a condensation product of naphthalene sulfonic acid and formamide. The fabric is then washed at 80°C in a water bath solution of non-ionic detergent.
for 20 minutes and dried at 120°C for 3 minutes. The fabric was soaked in a 6% solution of Asahi Guard AG-730 (manufactured by Asahi Glass, a fluorine-based water and oil repellent), squeezed to 100%, and then heated to 120°C.
for 1 minute and heat set at 160°C for 30 seconds.

The fabric is then heated to 170℃ for 20 minutes using a hot roll.
Calendering was carried out under pressure of Kg/cm ² .

The density of the fabric thus obtained was 145 warps/
inch, latitude 85 lines/inch, and breathability is 0.23cc/inch.
^cm2・sec, water pressure resistance 700mm, moisture permeability 7200g/ ^m2・
It was hot for 24 hours.

(3) Coating process A solution of a polyurethane resin having the composition shown below was coated on the opposite side of the calendered side of the fabric obtained as described above by a floating knife coating method.

Crisbon 2016E (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals)
(1-component polyurethane, purity 30%) 100 parts Crisbon No. 5 (Dainippon Ink & Chemicals) (anti-blocking agent) 5 parts Crisbon NX (Dainippon Ink & Chemicals) (modified polyisocyanate, crosslinking agent) 3 parts methyl ethyl ketone 10 parts After coating, at 80°C for 30 seconds, then at 100°C.
After drying at 160°C for 30 seconds, it was heat set at 160°C for 1 minute.

The properties of the obtained fabric were as follows.

Coating amount 3.5g/ ^m2 Fabric density Warp: 145 lines/inch, Weft 85 lines/inch Breathability 0.28cc/ ^cm2・sec (JIS L 1096) Water resistance 1500mm or more (JIS L 1092A) Moisture permeability 6150g/ ^m2 ．． 24hr (JIS Z 0208) Water repellency 100 points (JIS L 1096) The texture of the resulting fabric was much softer than conventional waterproof/breathable fabrics, and it had excellent drapability. It also had excellent durability.

Example 2 A solution of an acrylic resin having the following composition was coated on the surface opposite to the calendered surface of a fabric obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) and (2) by a floating knife coating method.

Criscoat P1018 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals)
(Polyacrylic acid ester, purity 20%) 100 parts Crisbon NX (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals) (modified polyisocyanate, crosslinking agent) 2 parts ethyl acetate 15 parts Viscosity 18000 cps After coating, the same method as in Example 1 was used. processed by the method.

The properties of the obtained fabric were as follows.

Coating amount 3.3g/m ² Fabric density Warp: 145 threads/inch, Weft 85 threads/inch Breathability 0.33cc/cm ² sec Water resistance Over 1500mm Moisture permeability 6200g/m ² . 24hr Water repellency 100 points The texture of the obtained fabric was very soft.

Moreover, the durability of various performances was also very excellent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Made of polyester and polyamide, 0.001~
A high-density fabric is created using a split-peel type composite fiber that generates 0.8 denier ultrafine fibers for the warp and/or weft, and the fabric is swollen mainly by swelling the nylon using an aqueous emulsion of polyester and nylon swelling agents. The fabric is treated under shrinking conditions, and then the fabric is scoured and dyed, and then the front and/or back sides of the fabric are coated with a polyurethane resin and/or acrylic resin in a coating amount of 1 to 10 g/m ² . Before or after coating
A method for producing a waterproof and moisture permeable fabric, which comprises applying a water-repellent finish to the fabric. 2 As a swelling agent for polyester and nylon, the following general formula [] [R represents a phenyl group or a lower alkyl-substituted phenyl group. ] Using phenylphenols represented by the following, the fabric is treated with an aqueous emulsion of 0.1 to 5% by weight of the phenylphenols at a temperature of 40°C or less, Claim 1 A method for manufacturing the waterproof and breathable fabric as described. 3 As a swelling agent for polyester and nylon, chlorobenzenes represented by the following general formula [],
Using at least one compound selected from naphthalenes represented by [] and diphenyls represented by [], the fabric is treated with an aqueous emulsion containing 0.1 to 5% by weight of the compound at a temperature of 60°C or less. A method for producing a waterproof and moisture permeable fabric according to claim 1. [m is an integer from 1 to 3. ] [R is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. n is an integer of 1 to 2. ] [R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n' is an integer of 1 to 2. ]