JPS63276405A - Seedling transplanting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve operation efficiency by simple constitution without requiring a multi-cutter, by cutting or boring a multifilm at a seedling transplanting position by a fertilizer applying part of a fertilizer distributor. CONSTITUTION:A fertilizer applying part 74 is constituted in such a way that the tip of an injecting nozzle 70 draws a locus of thrusting into soil at a seedling transplanting position by a rotary arm 76 and a shaking arm 78, the tip of the injecting nozzle 70 is vertically moved, breaks a multifilm at the seedling transplanting position and is thrust into the soil. A liquid fertilizer is injected at the lowest position of soil thrusting of the injecting nozzle 79 and thrust into 10-12cm underground from the soil surface. Consequently, fertilizer applying operation and seedling transplanting operation are simultaneously carried out at a field covered with the multifilm. A simple transplanting device having excellent performance is obtained without requiring a specific multifilm cutter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a seedling transplanter having a fertilizing device, and particularly to a seedling transplanter for planting seedlings in a field covered with a mulch film.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, there was no method that simultaneously fertilized a field covered with mulch film and transplanted seedlings; instead, fertilization and transplanting were performed separately. The work efficiency was extremely poor.

(Technical Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a seedling transplanter that advances through a field covered with a mulch film and plants seedlings with a fertilizing device. This seedling transplanting machine is characterized in that the mulch film at the seedling planting position is cut or perforated in the fertilizing section of the fertilizing device.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) With the present invention, fertilization work and transplantation work of seedlings can be performed simultaneously on a field covered with a mulch film, and the work efficiency is very high.

In addition, the mulch film at the seedling planting position can be cut or perforated using the fertilizing section of the fertilizing device.

It is possible to obtain a transplanting device that is simple in structure and has good performance without requiring a separate device such as a special multi-film cutter.

(Example) A vegetable transplanter for mulch, which is an example of the present invention, will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a transmission case, in which wheel transmission cases 12 are rotatably provided on both the left and right sides facing downward, and a transmission case 13 is provided in the middle part from the left side facing rearward and upward.

Reference numeral 14 denotes an engine, which is directly connected to the front side of the transmission case 11.

Reference numerals 15 and 15 indicate drive axles mounted on the wheel transmission cases 12 and 12.

Reference numeral 1 designates a transplanted transmission case, the base of which is fixed to the outer side of the distal end of the transmission case 13, and the distal end thereof extends rearward.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a handle support rod, the base of which is attached to the right side of the transmission case 11, and the tip thereof extends rearward and upward.

A reinforcing rod 18 connects the transplanted transmission case 1 and the handle support rod 17 to each other.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a lead cam shaft, which is inserted into the proximal end or the distal end of the transmission case 13 to receive transmission rotation, and whose distal end is connected to a support rod 20 integrally attached to the reinforcing rod 18 via a metal fitting 21. It is rotatably supported by an attached metal 22.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a seedling supply table, and a seedling transfer belt 24 is stretched in the front-rear direction around the hollow space of the framework formed by the left and right standing frames 23a and 23a and the front and rear bottom holes 23b and 23c.
It has a structure with

25.25 is a belt winding roll.

Note that the rear belt winding roll 25 is connected to the ratchet mechanism 2.
6, and drive levers 27 thereof are provided on the left and right open sides.

A rotor 28 is fixedly attached to shafts 29, which are integrally provided with the lead cam shaft 19 and protrude outward from the left and right.

A lead metal 30 is inserted through the lead cam shaft 19 and is equipped with a lead pawl that engages with a lead groove of the lead cam shaft 19. I'm wearing it.

As the lead cam shaft 19 rotates, the seedling supply table 23 is reciprocated horizontally from side to side via the lead metal 30, and when it reaches the lateral end, the drive lever 27 engages with the rotor 28 and is rotated. Belt winding roll 25
It is designed to rotate.

31 is a seedling receiving frame, which is located at the rear end side of the seedling supply stand 23;
A metal fitting 32 is attached to the transplanted transmission case 1 and the handle support rod 17.
A seedling outlet 16 is provided at the left and right center portions.

33 and 34 indicate support rails of the seedling supply stand 23.

35 is a loop handle whose base is fixed to the rear end of the transplanted transmission case 16 and the handle support rod 17.

Reference numeral 36 denotes a drive shaft, which is rotatably mounted on a bearing inside the distal end side of the transplanted transmission case 1, and this drive shaft 36 has a sprocket 37, a gear 38, and a drive cam that receive power from the engine 14 through a chino. 39 is provided so as to be rotated integrally with the shaft.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer shaft, which is rotatably supported by the transplanted transmission case 1, and a gear 40 having the same number of teeth that meshes with the gear 38 is wedged on the outer shaft 2.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an inner cylindrical shaft inserted into the outer shaft 2, and in this example, it is rotatably supported on the inner wall of one side of the transplanted transmission case 1.
The other end is provided outside the transplanted transmission case 1 so as to protrude beyond the mantle shaft 2.

A driven cam 41 is wedged on the inner cylindrical shaft 4. The driven cam 41 contacts the drive cam 39, rotates temporarily, and returns to its original position. Note that 42 is a spring for restoring the cam 41. Symbol B is a trajectory variation mechanism, which in the illustrated example is a cam mechanism 1, which includes the driving cam 39, driven cam 41, and spring 4.
This is a mechanism that secondly rotates the inner cylinder shaft 4.

Reference numeral 65 denotes a fixed shaft, which is inserted into the inner cylindrical shaft 4, whose base is formed into a square shaft, and which is inserted into a square hole bored in a boss part provided in the transplanted transmission case 1 so as to be integrated with the case. It is configured so that 66 is a sealing cap.

3 is a first rotating case, and a bracket 43 is attached to the mantle shaft 2.
It is fixed with a bolt 44 via.

45 is the fixed sun gear fixed to the shaft 4;
It is located inside the rotating case 3.

Reference numeral 67 denotes a swinging gear, which is integrally provided at the tip of the inner cylindrical shaft 4.

Counter gears 46 and 47 are rotatably attached to the counter shaft 68 in the first rotating case 3, respectively.
The gear 46 is configured such that large and small double gears 46a and 46b are integrally formed and rotated at double speed.

Reference numeral 5 denotes an outer shaft, which is rotatably supported by the first rotating case 3, and a gear 49 that meshes with the gear 46 is mounted next to the outer shaft 5.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a shaft inserted into the mantle shaft 5, and a gear 48 that meshes with the counter gear 47 is fixed to this shaft.
In this example, it is rotatably supported by the inner wall of one side of the first rotating case 3, and the other end is provided outside the first rotating case 3 and protrudes beyond the mantle shaft 5.

7 is a second rotating case, and a bracket 50 is attached to the mantle shaft 5.
It is fixed with a bolt 51 via the.

52 is a gear wedged on the shaft 6, and is located inside the second rotating case 7.

A counter gear 53 meshes with the gear 52. 54 indicates a counter axis.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a transplant attachment shaft, which is rotatably supported by the second rotating case 7 and has a distal end protruding outside the case 7.

A gear 56 is wedged on the graft attachment shaft 55 and meshes with the gear 53.

Reference numeral 10 designates a transplanting device, in which a transplanted nail 8 consisting of a fixed transplanted claw 8a and a movable transplanted claw 8b is attached to a hollow box-shaped transplanted device main body, and the transplanted movable claw 8b is mounted inside the transplanted device main body. An operating mechanism 9 is provided, so that the operation of clamping the seedling A and, conversely, releasing the clamped seedling A is performed.

The main body 10a of the transplant device 10 is fixed to the transplant device attachment shaft 55 via a bracket 57 and a bolt 58.

The movable transplant claw 8b is attached to a vertical shaft 59 that is rotatably attached to the transplant main body 10a, and is attached to the transplant fixation claw 8a that is fixed to the transplant main body 10a with a bolt 60. The left and right distances are provided so that they can be expanded and contracted.

Reference numeral 61 denotes an opening/closing cam, which is provided integrally with a mantle shaft 62 that covers the transplant device attachment shaft 55, and this mantle shaft 62 is connected to a bracket 69 on the second rotating case 7 and
It is attached via a pawl 72 to an engaging element 71 provided with a dog pawl 7o integral with the engaging element 70 so as to be freely rotatable at a certain angle. 7
Reference numeral 3 designates a one-way clutch, which is provided between the graft attachment shaft 55 and the outer mantle 61, and is connected to the claws 70 and 72.
With this one-way clutch 73, the play between the mantle shaft 6 and
The mantle shaft 62 is configured not to be returned to its original position until the pawls 70 and 72 are engaged with each other by rotation of the second rotating case 7 side.

A cam floor 63 is fixed to the shaft 59 and is supported by a spring 6.
4, the shaft 59 is brought into pressure contact with the opening/closing cam 61, and the shaft 59 is rotated by the rotation of the cam 61.

Then, a second
The number of rotations of the rotating case 7 is exactly doubled, and when both rotating cases 3 and 7 are fully extended in a straight line, both of the rotating cases 3 and 7 face downward on the road, and both rotating cases 3 and 7 It is configured so that when it does not extend in a straight line but is bent, it faces in the front-back direction.

Further, the trajectory P drawn by the tip of the transplanted nail 8 of the transplantation device 10 is configured in a closed loop shape that is narrow in the front-rear direction and long in the vertical direction.

Note that the longitudinal distance of the trajectory P varies depending on the length of the second rotating case 7 relative to the length of the first rotating case 3 (more precisely, the distance between the center of the input shaft and the center of the output shaft). If the lengths are the same, a straight line will be drawn up and down.

Furthermore, the movable transplant claw 8b operates by rotating against the spring 64 toward the fixed transplant claw 8a when the transplant claw 8 intervenes from above into the seedling take-out port 16 of the seedling receiving frame 31 to take out the seedling. Thereafter, the cam 61 is shaped so that it reaches the lower end in that state and opens when it plunges into the soil surface.

Furthermore, the entire transplantation device 10 is primarily operated by the drive cam 39 and the driven cam 41 by the transmission mechanisms in the first and second rotation cases 3 and 7, and deforms the transplantation locus P. If the position of this deformation is set so that the transplant tool 10 is rotated rearward at the time when the transplant claw 8 takes out the seedling from the seedling take-out port 16, the seedling can be reliably separated and taken out.

Reference numeral 74 denotes a fertilization section, which is driven and rotated by a rotary arm 76 whose base end is fixed to a rotary shaft 75 that protrudes from the transmission case 13 and is driven and rotated, and which is rotatably attached to a support plate 77 fixed to the transmission case 13. The tip of an injection nozzle 79 fixed to the tip of the swing arm 78, which swings when the seedlings are planted, is provided so as to draw a trajectory that plunges into the soil at the seedling planting position.

A fertilizer tank 80 is fixed to the handle support rod 17 and is capable of containing liquid fertilizer.

Reference numeral 81 denotes a fertilizer injection pump, which is provided to forcefully feed the liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 80 through the fertilizer application pipe 82 to the injection nozzle 79 of the fertilization section 74, and is connected to the injection nozzle via an intermittent drive mechanism as appropriate. 79 is installed so that liquid fertilizer is spouted out at the lowest point where it plunges into the soil. In addition, the position of this lowest point is 10 to 1 points below the multi-film.
It is set to be 2an.

Reference numeral 83 denotes a fertilization clutch lever, which drives the rotary shaft 75 to drive the fertilization section 74 up and down, and also drives the pump 81 to force-feed liquid fertilizer to the injection nozzle 79 for fertilization work. The shaft 75 is stopped to stop the vertical movement of the fertilizing part 74, and the drive of the pump 81 is also stopped to switch to a state in which no fertilizing work is performed in which liquid fertilizer is not forcefully fed to the injection nozzle 79.

A rear wheel device 100 is provided behind the right drive wheel 15 on the rear right side of the fuselage, and is supported by a front support member 101 and a rear support member 101 provided on the handle support rod 17. Support tubes 102 are provided at the lower ends of the front support member 101 and the rear support member 101', respectively.
102' is fixed, and its supporting cylinder 102.102
At ', the front shaft body 103 and the rear shaft body 103' are pivoted in the left-right direction so as to be rotatable only.

The front shaft body 103 has a number of arms 104 facing upward, and the upper end of the arm 104 has a male screw 10 at the rear end.
The front end of the adjustment shaft 105 having a diameter 5' is pivoted. The male screw 105' of the adjustment shaft 105 is provided inside an adjustment rod 108 that is rotatably supported by a bearing body 107 that is rotatably provided on a number of supports 106 on the handle support rod 17. It is screwed into a female screw 108'. An adjustment handle 109 is provided at the rear end of the adjustment rod 108. Then, the middle part of the arm 104 and the front shaft body 103
The other arms 104' each have a connecting rod 11.
0.110' is pivoted and the connecting rod 110.110
The front portions of ' are penetrated into cylinders 12b, 12b, which are located at the upper ends of vertically movable arms 12a, 12a, which extend upward from the bases of the wheel transmission cases 12, 12, respectively. At the front ends of the connecting rods 110 and 110', there are disk-shaped stoppers 111 and 111', respectively, and the stoppers 111 and 111' and the disk bodies 112 and 112' that are formed on the cylinder bodies 12b and 12b. Between them is a compressed bomb 113.
113' is provided.

An arm 114 is attached to the front shaft 103 and the rear shaft 103'.
．． A male screw is provided on the upper part of the shaft body 115 whose lower end is fixed to the arm 114, and the female screw is inserted into the hole 117 of the plate body 116 fixed to the front shaft body 103. The arm 114 is positioned by inserting the bolt 118 therethrough. The arms 114 and 114' are connected to the connecting rod 1.
They are connected at 19.

On the other hand, wheel supports 120 and 120' extending rearward are pivotally connected to the front shaft 103 and the rear shaft 103', and the rear ends of the wheel supports 120 and 120' are respectively Axles 121, 121' are mounted on axles for free rotation.

122, 122' are each a tension spring provided between the arm 114, 114' and the wheel support 120, 120'.

A U-shaped regulating plate 123 is hung between the upper end of the arm 121 pivotally connected to the front shaft body 103 and the upper end of the arm 122 extending upward from the wheel support 120'. The regulation plate 123 and the arm 122 are pivotally connected to each other by a shaft 124, and the regulation plate 123 and the arm 121 are connected to each other by the regulation plate 12.
The shaft 1 attached to the arm 121 is inserted into the elongated hole 125 provided in the arm 121.
26 are slidably engaged with each other.

A long hole 127 is provided in the upper surface of the regulation plate 123, and the wheel 1
An engagement arm 128 is provided on the side of the wheel support 120 at a position where it can engage the elongated hole 127 from below when the wheels 21 and 121' are at the same level.

At the same time, when the adjustment handle 109 is turned, the adjustment shaft 105 moves back and forth, and the connecting rod 110.
The wheel transmission cases 12 and 12 are vertically adjusted by 110', and the drive axle 15.15 is vertically adjusted, and the front shaft body 103 is rotated, and the arm 114 is rotated via the plate body 116 and the shaft body 115. The drive wheels 121.121' are adjusted up and down by the same amount as the drive wheels 15.15. In addition, when there is a convex part in the field and the axle 121 moves upward, the engagement arm 12
8 is engaged in the elongated hole 127, and the longitudinal movement of the regulating plate 123 is locked, so that the axle 121' cannot move upward. Conversely, when both axles 121 and 121' are at the same level, wheel 1
21' moves upward, the elongated hole 127 at the upper end of the engagement arm 12g moves forward, and the regulation plate 123 moves the engagement arm 12
8 is prevented from moving upward, the axle 121 cannot move upward.

Next, to explain the operation of the upper side, the drive axle 15 of the transplanter
．． 15 is set so as to straddle the transplanting ridge in the field, which has been completely mulched, and then the seedlings are placed on the seedling supply stand 23 in the form of a top mat or paper seedlings with pot containers arranged vertically and horizontally at predetermined intervals. After placing and storing the pot-shaped seedlings A grown in the container, the engine 14 transmits and rotates each rotating part, and the machine is propelled by the drive axle 15.150 revolutions.

At this time, if liquid fertilizer is put into the fertilizer tank 86 and the fertilization clutch lever 83 is turned on.

The rotary arm 76 is rotated by the power of the engine 14, and the tip of the injection nozzle 79 of the fertilization device moves up and down, breaking the mulch film at the seedling planting position and plunging into the soil. At that time, when the injection nozzle 79 is located at the lowest point protruding into the soil, the fertilization pump 81 pumps the liquid fertilizer to the injection nozzle 79 through the fertilization pipe 82, so that the liquid fertilizer is applied to the mulch film at the seedling planting position. It is discharged into the soil 10-12 am below.

The seedling supply stand 23 is reciprocated in the left-right direction via the lead metal 30 by rotation of the lead cam shaft 19. Therefore, the seedling A located on the rear end side is moved left and right while being received by the seedling receiving frame 31, and the seedling is fed out to the seedling outlet 16.

On the other hand, when the drive shaft 36 is transmitted and rotated from the engine side via the chino and sprocket 37, the mantle shaft 2 is rotated by the gear 3.
8 and a gear 40, and this outer shaft 2
The first rotating case 3 fixed to is rotated. Further, the inner cylinder shaft 4 is rotated only once while the first rotation case 3 is rotated once by the drive cam 39 and the driven cam 41.

Then, the counter gears 46a and 46b undergo planetary rotation using the gear 45 fixed to the fixed shaft 65 as a sun gear, and furthermore, the gear 49 meshing with the counter gear 46b is transmitted and rotated.

The counter gear 47 is subjected to planetary rotation using the oscillating gear 67 integrated with the one-way cylinder shaft 4 as a sun gear, and the gear 48 meshing with this is further rotated.

Therefore, the second rotating case 7 is connected to the gear 49 and the outer shaft 5.
And, it is transmitted and rotated via the bracket 50.

Further, the gear 52 in the second rotating case 7 is rotated at double speed from the gear 48 via the shaft 6 in the opposite direction to the rotating direction of the rotating case 7.

The main body 10a of the transplant device 10 has a gear 5 wedged on the shaft 6.
2 as a sun gear, a counter gear 53 rotates around the sun gear, and a gear 5 that is transmitted by the gear 53.
The tip of the transplant claw 8 moves in a closed loop-shaped transplant locus P.

However, the transplant device attachment shaft 55 is not connected to the drive cam 39.
It is primarily rotated by a cam mechanism B composed of a driven cam 41 and the like, and the trajectory P of the transplanted nail 8 is deformed as indicated by P' in the figure.

The transplant nail 8 that draws such a transplant trajectory P is attached to the seedling receiving frame 3.
When the seedling is inserted into the seedling extraction port 16 from above and is caught between the fixed transplant claw 8a and the movable transplant claw 8b, the second rotating case 7 is provided with the bracket 69 through the engager 71 and the claw 70, 72. The transplant movable claw 8b is operated by the cam 61 and the cam floor 63, which are integrated with the outer mantle shaft 62, and the seedling A is firmly held. Then, when it moves slightly downward while remaining in this state.

The drive cam 39 and the driven cam 41 work together to pull out the seedling A rearward to ensure that the seedling A is divided and taken out.

At this time, since the swinging motion of the transplant device 10 is performed sequentially, the swinging motion of the implant 10 is caused by the rotation of the cam 61 at the portion between the meshing play between the dog claws 70 and 71. Because of the advance, after this swinging motion, the cam 61 does not rotate until the claws 70 catch up with and engage with the claws 71, and the cam floor 63 receives the cam action in the opposite direction and holds the seedling A. The side effect of trying to release is the one-way clutch 7
This can be reliably prevented by the action in step 3.

That is, since the one-way clutch 73 is located between the shaft 55 and the cam 61, when the implant 10 is swung around the shaft 55, the cam 61 is rotated together with this, and the implant 10 is then stopped. Until the claws 70 and 72 engage with each other, the cam floor 63 will not be moved, and the seedling A held in the grip will not be released as described above.

In this way, the transplant tool 10 descends while holding the seedling A between the transplant claws 8a and 8b. Then, the transplant claw 8 penetrates into the seedling planting position where the mulch film covering the surface of the ridge is torn by the tip of the injection nozzle 79, and the cam 6
1, the lower transplant claws 8b open outward, and the seedling A is released and transplanted.

In the illustrated example, the swinging operation of the transplanting tool 10 is performed only when dividing the seedling A, but the drive cam 39 of the cam mechanism B
The configuration may be such that the driven cam 41 is rotated when the transplanted nail 8 enters the soil surface by changing the shape of the cam.

The transplanting work is carried out in this way, and between the fully mulched ridges, earth clods (earth mounds) are placed at appropriate intervals to prevent the mulch film from peeling off.
Drive wheels 15, 15 and rear wheel device 10 move over this clod.
0 runs, but the drive wheel 15.15 is compressed bullet 1
13.113', it moves freely, so it does not adversely affect the aircraft, and the rear wheel device 100 has an axle 121 located at the front and rear.
When the machine runs on the clod of soil, the rear part of the body is surely supported by wheels 121', and when the wheel 121' runs on the clod of soil, the rear part of the machine body is surely supported by the axle 121, and the planting posture is not adversely affected. In particular, since the rear wheel device 100 supports the sides or rear of the seedling planting position,
If the height of the body supported by the rear axle device 100 changes due to the soil clod, the planting depth of the seedlings will change, but in this embodiment, any one of the axles 12 of the rear axle device [100]
1 (121') holds the machine at a constant height, so that the fertilization depth and planting depth are constant, and appropriate fertilization and seedling planting are performed in a field that is fully mulched.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show a vegetable transplanter which is an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view, Fig. 2 is a plan view, Figs.
5 and 5 are sectional views, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the seedling planting state, FIG. 7 is a side view of the main part, and FIG. 8 is a plan view thereof. Symbols in the figure, l is the transplanted transmission case, 3 is the first rotating case,
7 is a second rotating case, 8 is a transplanted nail, 10 is a transplant tool, 74
is the fertilizer application section, 79 is the injection nozzle, 80 is the fertilizer tank, 81
82 is a pump, 82 is a fertilizing pipe, A is a seedling, and P is a transplant trajectory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A seedling transplanter that advances through a field covered with a mulch film to plant seedlings is provided with a fertilization device, and the fertilization section of the fertilization device cuts or perforates the mulch film at the seedling planting position. A seedling transplanter.