JPS63273799A - Laser initiating detonator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a laser detonator that improves detonation properties by configuring the structure of the chamber for loading explosives, loading specific gravity, and constraint conditions of the chamber in a specific manner. It is something.

(Prior art) Conventionally, detonators used to detonate explosives include industrial detonators that use a fuse and electric detonators that allow current to flow through a conducting wire, but in recent years laser detonators that use laser light have been developed. ing.

The laser oscillation device of such a laser detonator includes a ruby laser, YAG (yttrium aluminum,
garnet) laser etc. are used.

As a detonator that is detonated by a laser beam from the laser oscillation device, a detonator as shown in FIG. 3 is conventionally known (see US Pat. No. 3,528,372). This laser detonator 30 has an air gap 37, a first chamber 33 defined by a plate 40, and a second chamber 34, and has an upper part of the explosive 31 disposed in the first chamber 33. The optical fiber 39 is connected via the lens 36, the side chambers 33 and 34, the plate 40, the cavity 37, the lens 36 and the optical fiber 39 are surrounded by a restraining wall 38, the end of the optical fiber 39 is sealed with an embolus 35, and the side The multi-layered explosives 31 and 32 loaded in the chambers 33 and 34, respectively, are class 2 high-performance explosives, and the loading specific gravity of the explosives in each chamber is set so that the upper part is higher than the lower part. The specific gravity structure is made to be the same.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In such a laser detonator, only a Class 2 class high-performance explosive is loaded in the part of the first chamber that contacts the optical fiber, so the laser beam irradiated through the optical fiber is Most of the light was reflected and could not be efficiently absorbed by the explosive. Further, since the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in each chamber was higher in the upper part than in the lower part, the ignition sensitivity by laser light was low in the first chamber. In addition, since the restraining wall also exists around the second chamber, when the second chamber detonates, the power is concentrated at the bottom, which has the disadvantage that the detonation ability of the explosive in the area in contact with the restraining wall is reduced. Ta.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a laser detonator having a specific configuration so that it can efficiently absorb laser light, easily ignite, and reliably detonate the loaded explosive. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser detonator that can sufficiently detonate.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The laser detonator of the present invention has a first chamber and a second chamber separated by an air gap, and an optical fiber is brought into contact with the upper part of the explosive loaded in the first chamber. In a laser detonator, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and the upper part of each chamber has an explosive with a higher loading density than the lower part.The explosive loaded in the first chamber is a black laser. A class 2 class high-performance explosive containing a light-absorbing substance, or a class 2 class high-performance explosive containing the above-mentioned laser light-absorbing substance in the upper part, a class 2 class high-performance explosive in the lower part, and a second chamber. The present invention is characterized in that the loading specific gravity of the loaded explosive is higher than that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, and only the outside of the first chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall.

(Function) According to the present invention, when the upper part of the first chamber is irradiated with laser light through an optical fiber, the laser light absorbing material contained in the explosive loaded in the first chamber is heated, and the surrounding area is heated. The explosive is ignited, the burning rate of the explosive in the first chamber surrounded by the restraining wall increases, and the pressure of the gas increases. When the combustion progresses to the bottom of the first chamber, the plate at the bottom flies to the second chamber, collides with the top of the second chamber, and the explosive in the second chamber is detonated and detonates. The explosive around the second chamber loaded with the laser detonator of the present invention is detonated.

(Example) The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first example of the laser detonator of the present invention.

A laser detonator 1 according to a first example of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a first chamber 3, a second chamber 4 adjacent thereto, and a first chamber 3
an optical fiber 9 provided on the opposite side of the second chamber 4, the first chamber 3 being defined by a restraining wall 8, an embolus 10 and a plate 11; It is defined by a tube body 2 and a plate 11.

The first chamber 3 is loaded with a class 2 high-performance explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance, and the opening at the end of the optical fiber 9 is brought into direct contact with the explosive 5.

Further, the ends of the explosive 5 and the optical fiber 9 are surrounded by a restraining wall 8. At this time, the end of the optical fiber 9 is fitted into the embolus 10, and the embolus 10 is fitted into one end of the restraining wall 8 so that the loaded explosive 5 can be sealed in the first chamber 3. Make it. Further, the first chamber 3, and thus the end of the restraining wall 8 opposite to the embolus 10, is covered with a play hole 1, so that the explosive 5 can also be sealed within the first chamber 3. A second chamber 4 separated by a bottomed tube body 2 is adjacent to this plate 11 . A second class high-performance explosive 6 is loaded into the tube body 2 in an amount sufficient to form a void 7 in the upper part.

The outer diameter of the tubular body 2 is made to substantially match the outer diameter of the restraining wall 8.

As the explosive loaded in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 used in the laser detonator of the present invention, for example, PETN
(pentaerythritol tetranitrate), tetryl (trinitrophenylmethyl nitramine), R
DX (rimethylenetrinitramine), HMX (cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine), and other class 2 high-performance explosives are used, and especially in the first chamber 3, laser light is emitted with high efficiency. (Black carbon-based substances such as carbon black and graphite for absorption,
Alternatively, 0.5 to 10% by weight of a laser light absorbing substance such as a dye having an absorption band at the laser wavelength, such as black dye (Direct Fast Black B1 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
The added class 2 high-performance explosive 5 is used as an igniter or a detonator.

For example, when PETN is used as the explosive, the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 is usually 0.
．． The range is from 8 to 1.7, but in the first chamber 3,
Improving the ignition sensitivity of the laser, continuing combustion after ignition, easily transitioning from combustion to deflagration, and causing the plate 11 of the first chamber 3 to fly to the second chamber 4 by the gas pressure in the first chamber 3. Explosive 6 as a charge in the second chamber 4 when collided with
In order to achieve a speed that allows sufficient detonation, the loading specific gravity is usually selected from a range of 0.8 to 1.4, preferably 0.8 to 1.4.
Please choose from the range 1.2. Further, in the second chamber 4, the plate 11 that flew from the first chamber 3 is placed in the second chamber 4.
In order to obtain enough power to detonate the explosive loaded by the laser detonator of the present invention when it collides with the explosive 6 in the chamber 4, the loading specific gravity is usually set to 1.0 to 1.0.
It is selected from a range of 1.7, preferably from a range of 1.2 to 1.7.

As described above, the loading specific gravity of the explosives in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 is preferably selected such that the second chamber is higher than the first chamber.

The restraining wall is used to maintain the pressure of the combusted gas when the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3 in FIG. 1 ignites and burns. The length of the restraining wall 8 is such that it covers the side surface of the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3 in FIG. It is also possible to cover even the void 7. In addition, the detonating force of the explosive at the portion in contact with the outer side of the second chamber 4 is weakened;
The side surface of the second chamber 4 may also be covered with the restraining wall 8.

The material of the restraining wall 8 is selected from metals with high tensile strength, such as iron, stainless steel, copper, and aluminum, or reinforced plastics with comparable strength.

The thickness of the restraining wall 8 is determined by the inner diameter of the first chamber 3 and the material used. For example, if the inner diameter is 5 mm and iron is used, it is sufficient if it is 0.1 mm or more, but it is usually 1 to 1 mm.
A range of 2 mm is preferred.

The plate 11 shown in FIG. It is used to detonate the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4, and any material can be used as long as it can be easily blown away by the gas pressure in the first chamber 3. Usually, the material is iron, copper, or aluminum. The thickness is 0.1 to 1 m.
The range is m.

In FIG. 1, the tube body 2 is a container into which explosives 6 are loaded as an additive, and may be made of any material and thickness that will not be deformed by the pressure during loading, such as iron, The material is selected from copper, aluminum, reinforced plastic, etc. For example, in the case of copper, if the loading specific gravity of the explosive is 1.4, the thickness may be about Q, 1 m+'TI. Note that the optical fiber 9 and the class 2 high-performance explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance may be brought into direct contact with each other, or may be brought into contact with each other indirectly through a lens.

Next, a second example of the laser detonator of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. The laser detonator 20 in this example includes a first chamber 3, a second chamber 4 adjacent thereto, and an optical fiber 9 provided on the opposite side of the first chamber 3 from the second chamber 4. The first chamber 3 is defined by a bottomed tube body 21, an inner tube 23, and an embolus 10, and the second chamber 4 is defined by a bottomed tube body 22 and a tube bottom 25 of the tube body 21.
Define it with. In the first chamber 3, a class 2 high explosive 24 is loaded in the lower part, and a class 2 high explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance is loaded in the second part, usually 1 to 15 mm.
, and cover the perforated inner tube 23 over this explosive 5.
An embolus 10 is provided thereon. That is, the optical fiber 9 is inserted through the center of the embolus 10, and its end opening is inserted into the hole of the inner tube 23. Therefore embolization 10
When the optical fiber 9 is fitted into the upper end of the tube body 21 and brought into contact with the inner tube 23, the end opening of the optical fiber 9 comes into direct contact with the explosive 5.

Further, on the lower side of the tube body 21, there is a tube body 22 defining the second chamber 4.
is positioned so that a Class 2 high-performance explosive 6 is loaded into the tube body 22, and a gap 7 is formed above the tube body 22. Further, in this example, the explosives 5 and 24 loaded in the first chamber 3 and the outside of the gap 7 of the second chamber 4 are surrounded by a restraining wall 8.

The laser detonator of this example configured as above has the first chamber 3
The tube bottom 25 of the tube body 21 flies to the second chamber 4 due to the pressure of the burned gas in the first chamber 3, and the tube bottom 25 collides with the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4, causing the second chamber 4 to explode. Since the operation is exactly the same as that described for the first example except that the explosive 6 is detonated, a detailed explanation thereof and explanation of various numerical examples will be omitted.

Specific examples of the present invention will be shown below.

Specific Example 1 A laser detonator shown in FIG. 1 was produced by the following method.

Outer diameter 7.5mm, WL 0.3mm, length 15mm
In a copper tube body 2 having a tube bottom 12 with a thickness of 0.3 mm, as an explosive 6 in a second chamber 4 between 10 mm from the tube bottom 12,
Loaded with PETN, a class 2 high-performance explosive, with a specific gravity of 1
．． At 40, the device was filled with 2 units. Next, the inner diameter is 5.6 mm, the thickness is 1 mm, and the length is 40 mm.
7.5 mm in diameter and 0.3 mm in length to the iron restraining wall 8.
A circular plate 11 with a diameter of 1.5 mm is fixed by adhesive, and between 30 mm from the plate 11, PETN to which 1% by weight of carbon blank, which is a laser light absorbing substance, is added is loaded as the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3, with a specific gravity of 1.15. Loaded with. The central axes of the copper tube 2 of the second chamber 4 and the plate 11 of the first chamber 3 are aligned and fixed by adhesive, and the embolus 1 is attached to the restraining wall 8.
0 was inserted and glued in place.

The laser detonator 1 shown in Fig. 1 has a core diameter of 8 m.
An optical fiber 9 made of quartz material with a length of 30 m and an attenuation rate of 6 dB/km is connected through the embolus 10, and the wavelength is 1.0 m.
When irradiated with a laser beam from a YAG laser that generates a laser beam of 6 μm, pulse width 0.4 ms, and energy 2.5 J, the laser detonator 1 completely detonates, as specified in the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS K4806-1978). It penetrated a lead plate (40 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm) for the lead plate test. In addition, in the same way, explosives (TNT2) for the blunt explosive test specified by JIS (70% J nitrotoluene, 30% talc) were completely detonated, and a lead plate (70 mm cut (1 mm
x 30mm), it was possible to obtain a blast hole of the same size as a No. 6 industrial detonator.

Concrete Example 2 The laser detonator 20 shown in FIG.
1, and the part that contacts the tip fiber 9 has an inner diameter of 5.
An inner tube 23 with a diameter of 6.2 mm, a thickness of 0.35 mm, and a length of 3 mm is provided as a container for the second chamber 4.
Using a 3 mm detonator tube body 22, PETN is loaded as a class 2 high-performance explosive with a loading specific gravity of 1.15 between the tube bottom 25 and 20 mm of the first chamber 3 as the explosive 24 in the first chamber 3. Then, the restraining wall 8 is inserted into the gap 7 between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4.
The same laser detonator 1 as shown in Example 1 was prepared except that the length was 35 mm to cover the 35 mm, and when the same test as in Example 1 was conducted, the same good results were obtained. .

(Effects of the Invention) The laser detonator of the present invention described above has the following features.

(1) Laser oscillation using a Q-switch with a pulse width of several 10 ns, which has high laser light absorption efficiency and a large peak output because the explosive in the first chamber that contacts the optical fiber contains a laser light absorbing substance. Ignition can be reliably achieved using a laser with a small pulse width of several microseconds or a continuous wave laser with a peak output other than the above method.

(2) The explosive in the first chamber uses an explosive containing a laser light-absorbing substance only in the part that absorbs and ignites the laser light, and the other parts do not contain the above-mentioned absorbing substance. When burned, it has no ingredients other than explosives and is very powerful.

(3) Since the loading specific gravity of the explosive is lower in the first chamber than in the second chamber, the explosive in the first chamber deflagrates easily and the explosive in the second chamber can be reliably detonated.

(4) Since only the first chamber is surrounded by the restraining wall, the side of the second chamber also has detonating force, and the explosive around the second chamber can be sufficiently detonated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an example of the laser detonator of the present invention, =15- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of another example of the laser detonator of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a conventional laser detonator. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a detonator. 1... Laser detonator detonator 2... Tube body 3... 1st
Chamber 4...Second chamber 5- Class 2 high explosive containing laser light absorbing substance 6...Class 2 high explosive 7...Gap Death...Restraint wall 9... Optical fiber 10... Embolus 20... Laser detonator 30... Conventional laser detonator G

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first chamber and a second chamber are provided with a gap between them, and an optical fiber is brought into contact with the upper part of the explosive loaded in the first chamber;
In a laser detonator, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and the upper part of each chamber has an explosive with a higher loading density than the lower part. It is a Class 2 class high-performance explosive containing an absorbing substance, and the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the second chamber is higher than that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, and the first explosive is A laser detonator characterized by enclosing only the outside of the chamber. 2. A first chamber and a second chamber are provided with a gap in between, and an optical fiber is brought into contact with the top of the explosive loaded in the first chamber;
In a laser detonator, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and the upper part of each chamber contains explosives with a higher loading density than the lower part. A class 2 high-performance explosive containing a laser light absorbing substance is used, the lower part is a class 2 high-performance explosive, and the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the second chamber is equal to that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber. A laser detonator characterized by having a height higher than that of a conventional explosive, and having a restraining wall surrounding only the outside of the first chamber.