JPS63265779A - Method of assembling automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate automatic assembly of a body by making it possible to join multiple body components which are approximately in planar shape by fastening, clinching, etc., and to paint every component individually. CONSTITUTION:On the upstairs of an automobile assembly plant are arranged an interior assembly line 1, a vehicle front part assembly line 5, a door assembly line 6, and a main shell part assembly line 7 independent of each other, while on the downstairs are arranged a floor assembly line 2, a front suspension assembly line 3, and a rear suspension assembly line independent of each other. Assembly of an automobile on an assembly line consists of joining an underbody B1, a front fender B2, a roof panel B3, etc., by fastening, clinching, bonding or the like excluding welding. Each of the components B1-B8 is prepared in a condition of being painted on a painting line in advance.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A0 Purpose of invention (1) Industrial application fields The present invention relates to a method of assembling a motor vehicle.

(2) Conventional technology Conventionally, as a method for assembling automobiles, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 21871 is known.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, floor panels, side panels, roof panels, bonnets, trunk lids,
The body is constructed by assembling various constituent members such as fenders and doors by welding or the like, and after the body is coated, the parts are divided into a plurality of groups and assembled.

For this reason, in the painting process, a body with a complicated shape is painted, and painting is performed on a vertical surface, which increases the amount of paint dripping and makes it difficult to make the paint film uniform. Moreover, since the workpiece is large, the space used for the pretreatment tank, coating room, drying room, etc. used in the painting process is large, and the equipment cost is also large.

In addition, in the conventional method described above, the assembly process is grouped into an automated zone and a manual zone, but since parts are assembled on a completed body, the manual zone is inevitably placed in the automated zone due to the assembly order. may be incorporated,
Even in the manual zone, the transportation of parts is tact transportation, which is unreasonable. Furthermore, if the assembly machine in the automation zone breaks down, assembly is carried out in the preliminary work zone, but this will affect the automatic assembly process in the subsequent process.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for assembling a vehicle that solves the problems associated with body painting and facilitates automation of assembly.

B0 Arrangement of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems According to the method of the present invention, a plurality of substantially planar body constituent members are joined by a joining structure excluding welding such as tightening, caulking, and adhesion. An indoor unit assembly process in which the interior unit is constructed by assembling the parts to be placed inside the vehicle after each body component is individually painted so that the body can be constructed, and the underbody is a part of the body. a floor assembly process in which parts are assembled to form a floor assembly;
The front suspension assembly process involves assembling the front wheels, front suspension, engine, etc. to form the front suspension assembly, and the rear suspension assembly involves assembling the rear wheels, rear suspension, fuel tank, exhaust system, etc. There is an assembly process for the rear suspension that forms a three-dimensional structure, a vehicle front assembly process that assembles parts to the front body, which is part of the body, to form a vehicle front assembly, and a vehicle front assembly process that assembles parts to the door. The door assembly process for configuring the assembly and the main shell part assembly process for configuring the main shell parts consisting of side panels, roof panels, trunk lids, etc. are carried out independently and in parallel, and furthermore, The process includes assembling the door assembly and the front part of the vehicle to the shell part to form the upper part of the vehicle, and the process of interconnecting the floor assembly, front suspension assembly, rear suspension assembly, and indoor unit to form the lower part of the vehicle. The construction process is carried out in parallel, and finally the upper part of the vehicle and the lower part of the vehicle are connected to each other to assemble the automobile.

(2) Effect By assembling a car using the method described above, the multiple components that make up the body can be individually painted.
Therefore, it is possible to improve coating quality by making flat surface coating possible, and to reduce the cost of coating equipment by downsizing the coating workpiece. Moreover, since each assembly process is performed in parallel and the assembled assemblies are connected, it is easy to automate the assembly.

(3) Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. First, in FIG.
In F, an indoor unit assembly line 1, a vehicle front assembly line 5, a door assembly line 6, and a main shell assembly line 7 are arranged independently from each other, and are located on the first floor IF. In this case, a floor assembly line 2, a front suspension assembly line 3, and a rear suspension assembly line 4 are arranged independently from each other.

During assembly on assembly lines 1 to 7, the automobile body is assembled with a plurality of substantially planar body structural members, such as an underbody Bl, a front fender B2, a roof panel B3, a side panel B4 . It is composed of a bonnet B5, a door B6, a trunk lid B7, a rear panel B8, etc., which are connected by a connection structure excluding welding such as tightening, caulking, and adhesive, and each component B1 to B8
is prepared in advance in a coating line (not shown).

An opening 9 for lowering the indoor unit 8 to the first floor IF is provided on the second floor 2F, and the indoor unit assembly line 1 is set in a straight line toward the opening 9.

This indoor unit assembly line 1 is for assembling and integrating parts arranged inside the vehicle interior, and as shown in FIG. Seat seat 12, rear seat seat 13,
A console box 14 and various pedals (not shown) are sequentially assembled. Here, the support panel 10 is
It is specially prepared for assembling the indoor unit 8, and is formed to have the strength necessary to construct the indoor unit 8.

This indoor unit assembly line I is the floor assembly line 2.
, front suspension assembly line 4, vehicle front assembly line 5,
Similar to the main shell assembly line 7, assembly is carried out sequentially using a floor conveyor. Further, in each of the assembly lines 1 to 5.7, tact conveyance is performed by a train-type floor conveyor or a free flow conveyor depending on the manner of assembly.

The floor assembly line 2 is set in a straight line with the end position below the opening 9, and in this floor assembly line 2, the underbody B1, which is formed by welding the chassis and the floor panel, The floor assembly 16 is assembled by assembling the dash board 15, a power steering oil tank (not shown), an auto cruiser actuator, a heater relay box, a heater vacuum tank, an ignition coil, and the like.

The indoor unit 8 that is lowered to the first floor through the opening 9 is coupled to the floor assembly 16, thereby forming an indoor unit assembly 17.

The front suspension assembly line 3 and the rear suspension assembly line 4 are set and arranged so as to face each other on a straight line parallel to the floor assembly line 2 on the first floor IF.

The front suspension assembly line 3 assembles the front wheel 18, front suspension 19, engine 20, etc. to each other to form the front suspension assembly 21, and the rear suspension assembly line 4 The rear wheel 22, rear suspension 23, fuel tank 24, exhaust system 25, etc. are assembled together to form the rear suspension assembly 26, and both assemblies 21 and 26 are joined together to form the suspension assembly. A solid 27 is constructed.

This suspension assembly 27 is assembled to the indoor unit assembly 17 at a position slightly advanced from the floor assembly line 2, thereby forming a vehicle lower part 28.

On the other hand, main shell assembly line 7 was set up on the second floor.
Then, the side panels B4, the roof panel B5, the rear panel B8, the trunk lid B7, etc. are assembled, the windshield and the rear glass are attached, and the main shell portion 31 is thus constructed.

In addition, the door assembly line 6 uses an overhead conveyor for tact conveyance or continuous conveyance to attach seal rubber, harnesses, door glass, etc. to the door B6 to form the door assembly 32. Main shell part 3
Door assemblies 32 are attached to both left and right sides of 1, respectively.

Further, on the vehicle front assembly line 5, a front fender B2, a bonnet B5, a hull headstock (not shown), a radiator tank, a bumper, etc. are assembled together to form a vehicle front section 33, and this vehicle front section 33 and a main shell are assembled together. The vehicle upper part 34 is constructed by interconnecting the parts 31.

, 3 of the lower part of the vehicle 28 on the 1st floor IF on the 2nd floor 2F,
(2) An opening 35 is provided corresponding to the standing position, and the vehicle 36 is finally assembled by lowering the vehicle upper part 34 through the opening 35 and joining it with the vehicle lower part 28.

For coupling the vehicle lower part 2 and the vehicle upper part 34, for example, a coupling structure as shown in FIG. 3 is used. That is, the underbody B1 that constitutes the vehicle lower part 28 and the side panel B4 that constitutes the vehicle upper part 34 are fitted to each other with the adhesive 37 interposed between them, and the underbody B1 and the side panel B4 are fitted together. The rivet 40 is inserted into the corresponding through holes 38 and 39 with the enlarged diameter portion 40a facing downward and the bet 40 is inserted, and the pin 41 inserted into the rivet 40 is pulled out downward. The upper part of the diameter is expanded. Therefore, the underbody B1 and the side panel B4 are bonded to each other by the rivets 40 and bonded by the adhesive 37, and thereby the vehicle lower part 28 and the vehicle upper part 34 are bonded to each other to assemble the automobile 36.

Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, the body is constructed by connecting a plurality of substantially planar body t1/1 component members Bl to B8 by a joining structure excluding welding such as tightening, caulking, and gluing. , each body component member 81 to B8
After painting each part individually, the body can be assembled. Therefore, in the painting process, it is possible to apply the painting from above while the body constituent members B1 to B8 are arranged substantially horizontally. Therefore, it is possible to improve adhesion efficiency without causing paint dripping, eliminate the need for repair work, reduce paint consumption, and save energy.Moreover, it is possible to equalize the image film and paint. Quality can be improved.

Furthermore, since each of the body constituent members 81 to B8 is relatively small, equipment such as a pretreatment tank, a painting room, and a drying room in the painting process can be small, and equipment costs can be reduced accordingly.

After the painting is completed, each body component B1 to B8 is delivered to each assembly line 2 to 7 except for the indoor unit 71 and assembly line 1, and various parts are assembled on these assembly lines 2 to 7. will be carried out.

Each of the assembly lines 2 to 7 is divided into groups suitable for assembly automation, and automatic assembly work is performed on each of the assembly lines 2 to 7.

The indoor unit assembly line 1 is for integrally assembling parts to be placed inside the vehicle interior, and by using the support panel 11, integral assembly is possible.
The assembled indoor unit 8 is assembled to the floor assembly 16. According to such an assembly procedure, parts are assembled into the body (compared to conventional methods, automatic assembly is much easier).

In addition, since an overhead conveyor is used only on door assembly line 6, and a floor conveyor is used on other assembly lines 1 to 5.7, the accuracy of the stopping position and horizontal level is good for each assembly line 1 to 5.7. This allows for easy automatic assembly.

C1 Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the method of the present invention, a body can be constructed by connecting a plurality of substantially planar body constituent members using a connection structure excluding welding such as tightening, caulking, and adhesion. Since each body component is individually painted, each body component can be painted in a substantially horizontal position, and the quality of the coating can be improved.

In addition, the process is divided into indoor unit installation process, floor assembly process, front suspension assembly process, rear suspension assembly process, vehicle front assembly process, door assembly process, and main shell assembly process. In addition, the process for configuring the upper part of the vehicle and the process for configuring the lower part of the vehicle are performed in parallel, and the lower part of the vehicle and the upper part of the vehicle are assembled to assemble the vehicle, so each assembly process is automated. By dividing the parts into groups suitable for each, automatic assembly as a whole is facilitated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view showing the arrangement of the assembly line, FIG. 2 is a simplified perspective view of the indoor unit, and FIG. 3 is a view of the upper part of the vehicle. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure between the vehicle body and the lower part of the vehicle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A plurality of substantially planar body components can be combined to form a body using a connection structure excluding welding such as tightening, caulking, and adhesive, and after each body component is individually painted, it is installed inside the vehicle interior. The indoor unit assembly process involves assembling the parts to be placed to form the indoor unit, the floor assembly process involves assembling the parts to the underbody, which is a part of the body, to form the floor assembly, and the front wheel, front The front suspension assembly process involves assembling the suspension and engine to form the front suspension assembly, and the rear suspension assembly involves assembling the rear wheels, rear suspension, fuel tank, exhaust system, etc. A rear suspension assembly process, a vehicle front assembly process where parts are assembled to the front body which is part of the body to form the vehicle front assembly, and a vehicle front assembly process where parts are assembled to the door to form the door assembly. The door assembly process for configuring the main shell part consisting of side panels, roof panels, trunk lid, etc. are carried out independently and in parallel, and the door assembly process is carried out independently and in parallel. a step of assembling the assembly and the front section of the vehicle to form the upper part of the vehicle; a step of interconnecting the floor assembly, the front suspension assembly, the rear suspension assembly, and the indoor unit to form the lower part of the vehicle; A method for assembling an automobile, characterized in that the above steps are carried out in parallel, and finally the upper part of the vehicle and the lower part of the vehicle are connected to each other to assemble the automobile.