JPS63263604A - Discoid information storage device and method for writing format of storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent entering of dust into a case and to suppress the reduction of recording capacity due to an bad spot by providing a discoid information recorder with a disk driving means, a head driving means, a positional signal generating means, a delay signal generating means, and the case. CONSTITUTION:Heads 7-10, the head driving means 11 and the disk driving means 11 are arranged against disks 1, 2 in the information recording device and these mechanisms are stored in the case. The device is also provided with the positional signal generating means 60, the delay signal generating means 70, a microcomputer 42, etc., and respective driving means 6, 11 are controlled by the computer 42. A controller is connected to the computer 42 through an interface IC and a head amplifier 25 is also connected to the computer 42 through a head selecting circuit 110. Consequently, data can be written in the disks 1, 2 in accordance with a format without decomposing the case 21 storing the disks 1, 2 so that the influence of bad spots generated on the disks 1, 2 is reduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a disk-shaped information storage device and a formatting method for the storage device, and in particular, it is possible to reduce the influence of bad spots on the disk surface. The present invention relates to an information storage device and a formatting method for the storage device.

[Prior Art] The storage density of disk-shaped information storage devices has been rapidly increasing, and recently disk-shaped information storage devices are about 3.5 inches in diameter and magnetically write and read information.

-Those exceeding 10 megabytes per transaction have been put into practical use.

Of course, it is desirable for all of these bites to be healthy, but even if there are some parts that do not work well with the salmon (hereinafter referred to as bad spots), it is important to avoid those parts and use them. It is put into practical use.

Now, a number of concentric tracks are formatted on the disk, and sectors having identification fields and data fields are formatted on these tracks. Whether or not there is a bad spot in a sector is indicated by setting a flag in a predetermined byte of the identification field, and this flag
I try not to use the existing sectors.

However, if there is a bad spot in the identification field, the flag may not be set, and even if it is set, the flag may not be read correctly.

Therefore, in the past, it was decided to simply format write, and if there was a bad spot in the eye field, not only that sector but also the track containing that sector would not be used. Ta.

In another example, since the position of the identification field on the track is determined by the timing at which the signal from the 1-position signal generating means is output, it is possible to shift the reference position on the disk to prevent a bad spot from entering the identification field. The 6-position signal generating means, which was designed to disappear, outputs positional information of the reference position on the disk relative to the stationary point.

Regarding the homat light, please refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-10
No. 8404 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 86910/1984 have descriptions, but these do not contain any description regarding measures against bad spots.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] If there is a bad spot in the identification field, it is not a good idea to avoid using not only that sector but also the track that has that sector. Sectors will also be sacrificed, which will reduce storage capacity, which is not desirable.

In addition, in order to prevent bad spots from entering the identification field by shifting the reference position on the disk, it is necessary to disassemble the case that houses the disk and head, and then move the You have to rotate the disc.

In the case of high-density storage devices, it is undesirable to open the case and work on it because it is necessary to avoid dust from entering the case.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and
The purpose is to provide a disk-shaped information storage device that can suppress a decrease in storage capacity due to bad spots.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a disk-shaped information storage device that can easily take measures against bad spots.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for format writing a disk-shaped information storage device, which allows easy format writing taking measures against band spots into consideration.

Means for Solving Problem c] That is, the disk-shaped information storage device of the present invention includes a disk,
A disk drive means, a head, and a disk drive means 1
It has a position signal generating means, a delay (g) generating means, and a case.

A disk has tracks.

The disk drive means rotates about an axis perpendicular to the surface of the disk to drive the disk.

The head faces the disk and writes information.

The head driving means scans the head in a direction across the track while keeping the head facing the disk surface.

The position signal generation means outputs position information with respect to a stationary point of a reference position on the disk.The delay signal generation means receives the output of the position signal generation means and outputs a delayed signal with respect to this signal as a signal for determining a formatting start point for the disk. do.

The case has a dustproof structure and houses at least the disk and head.

It is desirable that the delay signal output means be constructed so that the delay time can be adjusted outside the case.

Further, a switching means may be provided to switch the output of the delayed signal output means or the output of the position signal generating means as a position control signal for starting formatting for the disk.

Further, a format write information output means is provided for outputting information for format writing a sector having a data field, an ID field, and an ID field on each track, and the output of the format write information output means is transmitted to a delayed signal output means. The signal can be sent to the head in connection with the output of the signal to control the starting position of format writing on the track.

Further, an address storage means for storing address information of a bad spot on the disk, and a start point determining means for determining a format write start point from a reference position to reduce the influence of the bad spot from the address information,
The output of the format write information output means can be sent to the head based on a command from the start point determining means to start format write on the track.

The starting point determining means may be configured to determine the format light starting point such that the base spot is located outside the identification field.

The formatting method of the present invention includes a storage step in which a head is used to detect a bad spot on a disk, and its address is stored as bad spot information.Based on the bad spot information stored in the storage step, the bad spot is identified as a format write start point determining step for determining a format write start point for the disk surface to be located outside the field;

The format write process includes a format write process in which a head is used to perform format write on the disk based on the write start point obtained in the format write start point process.

[Function] According to the device of the present invention, the output signal of the position signal generating means can be delayed by the delay signal generating means, and this signal can be used as a signal for determining the formatting start point. The format position can be adjusted. In addition, since bad spots can be eliminated or fewer than before in the identification field, it is possible to more accurately set flags indicating sectors where bad spots exist. . Therefore, there is less need to sacrifice even healthy sectors, and a decrease in storage capacity can be suppressed.

According to one method of the present invention, a bad spot on the disc is first detected, its address is stored as bad spot information, and this information is used as the basis.

In order to position the bad spot outside the IDENTIFY field, the format writing start point on the disk surface is determined, and format writing is performed on the disc based on that, making it easy to perform format writing with consideration to bad spot countermeasures. It can be carried out.

[The figure shows a disk-shaped information storage device having two hard disks, as indicated by disk 1.2. These disks 1 and 2 are the output shaft 4 of the disk drive motor 3.
It is fixed by stopping it from rotating. The disk drive motor 3 is configured to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the surfaces of the disks 1 and 2 and drive the disks 1 and 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a control circuit that constitutes a disk drive means 6 together with the disk drive motor 3, and controls the output shaft 4 to rotate at a constant speed.

Tracks to, tl, t2, t3-m- of the disks 1 and 2 face the upper and lower surfaces of the disks 1 and 2, respectively.
- head 7.8.9.1 for magnetically writing information on and reading information from the disk 1.2 (see FIG. 6);
0 is the default. In other words.

The head 7 faces the top surface of the disk 1, the head 8 faces the bottom surface, the head 9 faces the top surface of the disk 2, and the head 10 faces the bottom surface. In FIG. 1, the heads 7 are shown overlapped. These heads 7.8° 9.10 are attached to the end of the head driving means 11.

The head driving means 11 includes a helad arm 12. Gimbal spring 13, flex arm 14. Leaf spring 1, steel belt 16. It consists of a capstan 17° stepping motor 18 and a pin 19. The stepping motor 18 is a two-phase stepping motor, with its output shaft 20 oriented parallel to the output shaft 4 of the disk drive motor 3, and similar to the disk drive motor 3, mounted inside the case 2. Look, the main body part is outside the case 21,
It is fixed to this. The stepping motor 18 is rotated by the capstans 1, 7, the steel belt 16, the flex arm 14. The signal is transmitted to the heads 7, 8, 9, and 10 via the head arm 12 and gimbal spring 13, and the track tQ is maintained while maintaining these heads facing the disk surface.

tl, t2. It is configured to scan in the direction across v3---. The capstan 17 has a pulley shape and is fixed to the output shaft 20 of the stepping motor 18. A steel belt 16 is wound around the capstan 17 in an α shape.

Steel bell 1-16, one end is flex arm 14
The other end is connected to the end of the plate spring 15. One end of the flex arm 14 and the leaf spring 15 are rotatably coupled to the case 21 with a pin 19 together with the base end of the head arm 12. The bin 19 extends in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 4. The gimbal spring 13 is fixed to the tip of the helad arm 12, and the heads 7, 8, 9, and 10 are attached to the tip of the gimbal spring 13. The head driving means 11 is not limited to what is shown in the figure, but may include a stepping motor 18, for example.
Instead, a structure as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 61-93868 that uses a voice coil motor to directly drive the head arm 12, or a structure that uses a linear motor to drive the head in a direction across the track. It's okay.

Now, head 7.8.9. ]0 output is head amplifier 2
5 to an appropriate size, and the automatic gain control amplifier 26
．． and is input to the amplifier 27.

The output of the automatic gain control amplifier 26 is converted into a pulse number 43 by a data recovery circuit 28. 29 is an interface IC called 5T506 manufactured by Seagate Technology. The output of the data recovery circuit 28 is converted by a line driver 30 in the interface IC 29 and sent to a controller 40 via lines 31 and 32. This controller 4
0 is generally built into a host computer and also has a format write information output function.

The output of the amplifier 27 is input to the deviation amount detection means 41.

The deviation amount detection means 41 reads the two servo information A and B shown in FIG. It is configured to output a digital signal corresponding to the difference in magnitude between the analog signals.

The output signal of the deviation detection means 41 is inputted to the microcomputer 42 via a line 43. The deviation amount detection means 41 is configured to take in servo information Δ, B and receive commands from the microcombi or user 42.

Tracks are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of each disk 1 and 2 so as to be concentric with the center of rotation of the disk. This track density is expressed by TPI, which indicates the number of tracks per inch as viewed in the radial direction of the track, and recently, a density of about 10,007 PT has been used. and.

Generally, the outermost track is called the 0 track, and the innermost tracks are called the 1 track, the 2 track, and -111. All the tracks with the same number on all disks are called a cylinder, and the diameters of the tracks with the same number are the same size.

In this embodiment, the servo information A and B are written in specific angular areas 50 called servo sections on the upper surface of the disk l, as shown in detail in FIG. And then, servo information A is next) 2L.

The servo information B is written on every other track boundary between the tracks, and the servo information B is written in the lit world where the servo information A is not written. It is written in the same way. Servo information A and B! -The writing is offset in the longitudinal direction of the rack.

The disk drive motor 3 is provided with a position signal generating means 60 that outputs a pulse signal PI (see FIG. 5) every time the disk drive motor 3 rotates once. The width of the pulse signal is such that it is output synchronously while the disk 1.2 is rotating and the head 7 passes through the angular area 50 where servo information A and B are written. .

The output signal of the position signal generating means 60 is configured to be input to the microcomputer 42 and the user index generator 61. 6 The signal input from the position signal generating means 60 to the microcomputer 42 is the servo information A.
, B is read by the head 7 to determine the timing t3, Lb at which the deviation detecting means 41 receives the signal, and also outputs a ready signal indicating whether or not the disk drive motor 3 is rotating at a predetermined speed. It is also used for making. This ready signal is the interface IC2
9 to the controller 40 via line 65. The ready signal is generated depending on whether the signal Pl of the 1-position signal generating means 60 is output at a predetermined period.

On the other hand, the signal input from the 1-position signal generating means 60 to the user index generator 61 is the signal P2 shown in FIG.
．． Used to make P3. Signal P2 is signal P1
The signal P3 is generated in synchronization with the rising signal of the signal P1, and the signal P3 is generated in synchronization with the falling signal of the signal P1. Signal P
The signal P2 is output from the controller 40 regardless of whether the light gate is opened or closed, but the signal P3 is controlled by the index generator 61 so that it is output only when the light gate is open. ing.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a delayed signal output means, which is configured to receive the output signal of the user index generator 61, delay it, and output signals P2' and P3'' to the interface IC 29.

The interface IC 29 receives signals P2' and P3, and outputs an index signal to the controller 40 via a line 72 only when a drive select signal is output from the controller 40 via a line 71.

The write gate is input to the interface IC 29 via line 73 when information is to be written to disk 1 or 2 using either head 7.8 or 9.10. That is, when the write gate is open, the write gate signal is at the N level (N represents the lower level of the two communication signals).

Therefore, when the write gate is open, the controller 40 can know the starting point of the servo section by receiving P3. This helps prevent destruction of servo information.When the write gate is closed, the controller 40 can know the starting point of gap 1 by receiving P2'.

The drive select signal becomes N level when the controller 40 selects the interface TO 29, that is, when the controller 40 and the interface IC 29 are about to exchange signals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of the delayed signal output means 70, an inverting circuit 5] for inverting the signals P2 and P3, an inverting circuit s4a for further inverting the output thereof, 541), 54C----+,
Resistor 52b, 52C, 52d, -1--, capacitor 5
3b, 53C, 53d ---1-1 and a selector 55.

The delay times of the delay circuits each constituted by a resistor 521) and a capacitor 53b, a resistor 52C and a capacitor 53C, and a resistor 52n and a capacitor 53n are configured to have different delay times.

choice! As shown in FIG. 4, the selection knob 56 of 155 is located outside the case 2, so that the delay time can be selected outside the case 21.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, when the 1 inversion circuit 54d is selected, the output of the user index generator 45 is not delayed and is output as is.

A method for determining the delay time will be explained later.

In addition to this, there is a line 7 from the interface IC29.
A write fault signal is output through line 5, a drive select signal is output through line 76, a track zero signal is output through line 77, and a seek complete signal is output through line 78.

Among these, the write fault signal receives information from the microcomputer 42 when the cycle of the output signal of the 1-position signal generating means 60 is not within a predetermined value range, or when normal operation cannot be performed, and the write fault signal is sent to the interface IC 29. The signal is generated by the fault detect circuit 80 in the N-level signal.

The drive select signal (g) also goes to N level when the drive select signal goes to N level.

The track zero signal becomes N level when the heads 7, 8, 9, and 10 are on the zero track.

The seek complete signal becomes N level when the head 7.8.9.10 is positioned on the intended track.

The ready signal, track, zero signal, and seek complete signal are obtained by logical operation of the signal from the microcomputer 42 and the drive select signal.

On the other hand, from the controller 40, the interfuni required 1c
In addition to the signals hitherto described for line 81
．． M F' M write data via 82, line 84
A step signal is outputted via line 85, a direction signal is outputted via line 85, and a head select signal is outputted via lines 89 and 90.

Among these, MFM write data is head 7.8.9
．． 10 is a data signal to be written on the disks 1 and 2, and is input to the head amplifier 25 via the receiver 87 in the interface device C29.

The head select signals are each inverted by NOT circuits 104 and 105 in the interface IC 29, and enter the head select circuit ]]0. This head select circuit selects the head 7 by the signal applied via the line 111 when reading the servo information, regardless of the state of the spatula 1 to select signal. The number of lines for sending head select signals is determined by the number of heads.

The step signal is a signal that instructs the number of steps of the step motor 18, and is given in the form of a pulse train. In relation to this, the amount of off-track when seeking from which direction and to which track is captured in advance, and the data corrected for off-track at the time of seek is transferred to the stepping motor 1.
The signal is sent to the drive circuit 115 of No. 8.

The direction signal is a signal that determines the rotation direction of the step motor 18. For example, when the direction signal is at the N level, the direction signal is a signal that determines the rotation direction of the step motor 18.
When the second signal is at a high level, the opposite direction is specified.

91 to 98 are NOT circuits, and 99 to 103 are AND circuits.

The drive circuit 115 receives, for each phase, commands for speed and digital quantities according to the optical position from the microcomputer 42 in relation to the step signal, and includes digital/analog converters 116 and 117 that convert the commands into analog quantities. , a phase selector 118 that switches the phase according to a direction signal, and drivers 119 and 120.

As mentioned above, the servo sector 5o is provided on the upper surface of the disk 1. As shown in FIG. 5, there is a gap 1 next to the servo sector 5o, and a gap 4 one position before the servo sector 5o. There are multiple sectors between gap 1 and gap 4. At the beginning of each sector there is a sync byte labeled sync, and at the end there is a gap 3.

After the sync byte, there is an identification field, followed by gap 2, and then a data field. And next to the data field is Gapco 3.

The ID fields include, from the front, the ID address mark area (IDAM), the cylinder number area (C14,), and the head number area (HD
No), sector number area (SEC), cyclic redundancy
area for use in CRC check)
) is there.

Looking further at the head number area, it has 8 bits, and if there is a bad spot in the sector to which this head number area belongs, a pad flag is set in the most significant bit. ing. Also, the head number is written in the lower three bits.

The remaining bits are spares.

As you can see from the above, extremely important information is written in the identification field, and especially if there is a bad spot in the pid where the pad flag is set, the pad flag is located in that sector. There is a worry that you will not be able to write.

Therefore, as shown in No. 8M, servo information A and B are provided at 198.
After writing 1 to the disk 1 and then performing a temporary format write in 199, a search file is first performed, and then a process for determining the delay time is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

When writing the servo information and performing the search sphere, it is preferable to use an error track formatter 150, for example, called ETF, instead of the controller 4o, as shown in FIG. computer 160
It has a built-in test data generation function, bad spot address detection function, and bad spot address storage function.

In addition to optimum delay time calculation function, servo information generation function.

It is desirable to have a format write information generation function.

Among these, the servo information generation function is a function for sending servo information A and B to be written on the disk 1 to the head 7 through lines 81 and 82.

The format write information generation function is a function that, when an index signal is received, immediately sends a signal to the head amplifier 25 to perform a format write on the disk 1 as shown in FIG. 5 through lines 81 and 82. .

The test data generation function is also a function of sending a level signal with an inverted sign to the heads 7, 8, 9 and 10 through the lines 81, 82, as shown in FIG.

The bad spot address detection function reads the data written on the disk 1.2 using the test data generation function using the head 7.8.9.10, and as a result outputs an error track formatter via the line 31.32. 150
The information sent to.

If the bit is too large, as shown in a-b of FIG. 11, or too small, as shown in c and d of FIG. This function recognizes the address on 2.

For address recognition, in addition to the information from lines 31 and 32, the error track formatter 150 needs to be able to recognize which head is being used to read information from which track. . It allows you to see the head select number 48 sent out from lines 89 and 90, the number of step signals sent out from line 84, and the transition of the direction signal on line 85, and also detects the bad spot position from the zero track. It's easy to recognize once you start. Additionally, it is necessary to know the bit address on the track, which can be determined by the time lapse between receiving the index signal on line 72 and receiving the bad spot information.

The bad spot address storage function stores the address of the bad spot detected by the bad spot address detection function in the RAM in the error track formatter 150 (
random access memory).

The optimal delay time calculation function reads out all addresses with bad spots stored in the bad spot address storage function, and based on this information, sets a delay signal to perform format writing so that the bad spots do not have much influence. This function calculates how to set the output means 70 by calculation.

When the error track formatter 150 receives the signal P2 shown in FIG. 5, it immediately sends the format write information (therefore, when the temporary format write is O, the temporary format write is performed on heads 7, 8, 9, 1).
0 to the outer circumference, and as shown at 201, seek to the zero track. This is done by providing a step signal on line 84 until a signal on line 77 is present. If the track zero signal does not appear for a long time, it is possible that there is an error in the direction signal applied to line 85. Therefore, in such a case, line 8
Try inverting the direction signal sent from 5.

When the zero track signal is output, head 7.8.9.10 is positioned at the zero cylinder as shown at 202, and then head 7 is selected. In this state, as shown at 203, it is checked whether there is a bad spot on the top zero trunk of the disk 1. , and if there is a bad spot, the cylinder number, head number and address within the track (or sector number and address within the sector number) are stored in the RAM in the error track formatter 150 as shown at 204. (It may also be the location).

When Bad Spots 1~ are answered, or after writing information about bad spots in 204, 205
Head 8 is selected instead of head 7 as shown in FIG. 2
In step 06, it is determined whether the step 203 has been completed for all heads.

As a result, if it has finished, a step signal is sent from line 84 as shown at 207 to head 7.8.
．． 9. Seek 10 inward by one cylinder 6206
As a result of this determination, if the processing has not been completed for all heads yet, the process returns to 203. In step 208, it is determined whether bad spot inspection has been completed for all cylinders.

As a result, if the process has ended, the process moves to 209 shown in FIG. If the result of the judgment in 208 is negative, the process returns to 203.

Now, in step 209, all the information regarding the bad spot that has been written in the RAM in the error track formatter 150 is read out.6Next, the process moves to step 210. Determine whether or not it is in the identification field. At this time, there may be no problem even if there is a bad spot in the spare part, for example, between the 4th and 7th bits from the bottom of the head number writing area, so in the process shown in 21O, such two cases are avoided. Of course, this may be used as a condition for judgment.

As a result of the judgment in step 210, if the bad spot is not in a position that causes trouble, the process proceeds to step 214, and the format write is ended with the temporary format write performed in step 199 as a result.

If the bad spot is in a position that causes trouble, proceed to 211 and error track formatter 15.
By using 0's optimal delay time calculation function, the influence of bad spots can be reduced compared to the temporary format state.
(or to minimize the impact)
In step 6212, which determines the appropriate delay time of the delay signal output means 70, the optimum delay time of the delay signal output means 70 is set by shaking the knob 56 using the selector 55 based on the result obtained in step 211.

Next, as shown at 213, the format write is performed again, and the process further proceeds to 214, where a flag is set on the sector with the bad spot.

The main format write at step 213 is started immediately when the error track formatter 150 receives the signal (2) shown in FIG. Therefore, gap 1 is the signal P
It starts depending on the falling edge of 2.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.
Various modifications are possible. For example, it is also possible to provide the microcomputer 42 with the function of the delayed signal output means 70. It is also possible to set the selector in a different manner, execute the format write each time, and when a satisfactory format write is performed, the selector settings are fixed in that state.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, format writing can be performed without disassembling the case containing the disc, so that even if there is a bad spot on the disc, the effect of the bad spot is reduced. It has the effect of being able to do the following.

Furthermore, since unusable portions can be excluded on a sector-by-sector basis, utilization efficiency can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the disk-shaped information storage device, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the delay signal output means 70, and FIG. 3 is a disk-shaped information storage device. A plan view of the storage device with the case lid removed, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the outputs of the output means 70, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the storage status of servo information on the disk, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the reading timing of servo information, and FIG. 8 is a temporary format write process. and a flowchart showing the search sphere process. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the optimum delay time nn calculation step and the one formatting step, and FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the temporary formatting write step, the certify step, the optimal delay time calculating step, and the main formatting step for the device used to perform the main formatting step. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the connection state of the information storage device, and is a signal waveform diagram read by the head from the disk in order to find a bad spot. 1.2 is the disk, 6, 7.8.9, 10 is the head, 1
1 is a head driving means, 60 is a position signal generating means 60.7
0 is the delayed signal output means 70. Figure 2 $ 6 Figure 7 tc (tb 11th

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A disk having a track, a disk driving means that rotates around an axis perpendicular to a surface on the disk and drives the disk, and A head for writing information, a head driving means for scanning in a direction across the track while keeping the head facing the disk surface, and a position signal generator for outputting position information with respect to a stationary point of a reference position on the disk. means, a delayed signal output means for receiving an output from the position signal generating means and outputting a delayed signal in response to the signal as a position control signal for starting formatting for the disk, and housing the disk and the head. 1. A disc-shaped information storage device comprising a case. 2. The disk-shaped information storage device according to claim 1, wherein the delay signal output means is configured such that the delay time can be adjusted outside the case. 3. A disk having a track, a disk drive means that rotates around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the disk and drives the disk, and a head that faces the disk and writes information; head driving means for scanning the head in a direction across the track while maintaining the head facing the disk surface; a position signal generating means for outputting position information with respect to a stationary point of a reference position on the disk; and the position signal. Delayed signal output means receives the output of the generation means and outputs a delayed signal in response to the signal, and the output of the delayed signal output means or the output of the position signal generation means is used as a position control signal for starting formatting for the disk. 1. A disk-shaped information storage device characterized by having a switching means for switching. 4. A disk having a track, a disk drive means that rotates around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the disk and drives the disk, and a head that faces the disk and writes information; head driving means for scanning the head in a direction across the track while maintaining the head facing the disk surface; a position signal generating means for outputting position information with respect to a stationary point of a reference position on the disk; and the position signal. delayed signal output means for receiving the output of the generating means and outputting a delayed signal with respect to the signal; and formatting write information for outputting information for formatting a sector having a data field and an identification field on each of the tracks. output means, and sends the output of the format write information output means to the head in connection with the output of the signal from the delayed signal output means, and outputs the format write start position onto the track. 1. A disk-shaped information storage device, characterized in that it is configured to control. 5. a disk having a track; a disk drive means rotating about an axis perpendicular to a surface on the disk and driving the disk; and writing information facing the disk; and/or Alternatively, a head for reading information, a head driving means for scanning the head in a direction across the track while maintaining the head facing the disk surface, and a position signal for outputting position information with respect to a stationary point of a reference position on the disk. generating means, format write information output means for outputting information for format writing a sector having a data field and an identification field on each track, and an address for storing address information of a bad spot on the disk. 1. A disk-shaped information storage device comprising: a storage means; and a start point determining means for determining a format write start point from the reference position to reduce the influence of the bad spot from the address information. 6. The disk-shaped information storage device according to claim 5, wherein the starting point determining means determines the format write starting point so that the bad spot is located outside the identification field. 7. A disk having a track, a disk drive means rotating about an axis perpendicular to a surface on the disk and driving the disk, and facing the disk to write information and/or a head for reading information; a head driving means for scanning the head in a direction across the track while maintaining the head facing the disk surface; and outputting a signal in relation to passing a reference position on the disk. In the method for formatting writing at least an identification field and a data field on the disk, the method includes:
A storage step of detecting a bad spot on the disk using the head and storing the address as bad spot information; A format write start point determination step for determining a format write start point for the disk surface to be located outside of the disk surface; and a format write start point determined using the head on the disk based on the format write start point determined in the format write start point step. 1. A format write method for a disk-shaped information storage device, comprising a format write step for performing writing.