JPS63260715A - Boring-milling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A boring and milling tool for machining of metal workpieces includes an essentially cylindrical, elongated basic milling body, with at least one chip removal groove machined into its circumference, penetrating the face end of the boring and milling tool. A pocket is provided in this chip removal groove for an indexable cutter bit insert (16) retained therein. One cutting edge (24, 26) of the insert operates circumferentially, and another cutting edge (25, 27) operates at the face end with respect to the boring and milling tool. To prevent the production of long chips at the end cutting edge (25, 27) of the insert (16) during boring operations with the boring and milling tool, the insert (16) here has a different cutting edge geometry than at the cutting edge (24, 26) that is effective during milling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A boring or milling tool having a shank-like body in which a chip removal groove is formed and a cut bit insert fixed to this body; and also in particular for removing chips from the chip removal groove during machining. The present invention relates to a cut bit insert shaped for easy removal.

"Background" DE-A-3209821 discloses a boring and milling tool related to the present application. The cylindrical shank of this tool has a spirally extending chip removal groove. Cut bit inserts are installed in multiple pockets of the chip removal groove. One of these inserts is provided radially outwardly at the cut end of the shank. The insert has 29 cut edges, axially extending cut edges and radially extending cut edges. During boring, the insert is machined with an axially oriented cutting edge. During milling, a cutting edge parallel to the axis of rotation acts.

In known boring and milling tools, the cut edges of the cut bit inserts have the same shape, so that long chips are produced that are continuous with the cut edges during boring. This long tip depends on the material being processed.
Form into a spiral or ribbon shape. Both tips are cumbersome and damage the tool and/or workpiece.

In the case of ribbon-shaped chips, there is a further problem that the chips come out of the machining hole at high speed.

On the other hand, long chips are not produced during milling. This length is essentially limited to half the circumference of the milling tool. In addition, the cross section is approximately crescent-shaped, and it is easily crushed.

[Summary of the invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a boring and milling tool particularly for metal processing and a cut bit insert therefor, which is effective for both boring and milling of grooves or holes. It is.

The cut bit insert is generally diamond-shaped and has 29 generally parallel end cut edges and 29 generally parallel milling cut edges. The end cut edge and the milling cut edge are parallel and therefore adjacent to each other. Each approximately parallel cut edge has approximately the same shape. That is, 2
The milling cut edge 9 and the end cut edge 29 are almost the same. However, the shapes of the 29 adjacent cut edges are different. That is, the milling cut edge and the end cut edge are different from each other. This type of boring and milling tool, which fixes a cut bit insert in a pocket, can be applied to both boring and milling operations.

Cut edges of different shapes are arranged in a state most suitable for each different processing.

When an insert of this type is installed in the radially outer pocket of the end of a milling tool, the same quality of boring as can be obtained with a dedicated boring tool is obtained with this boring and milling tool. On the other hand, by milling using this boring and milling tool, it is possible to perform milling processing of the same quality as a known shank-shaped milling tool having a cut edge in the circumferential direction.

In the boring and milling tool of the present invention, chip break portions are provided at each of the 29 end cut edges that are parallel to each other in order to prevent the generation of long chips. The other 29 parallel cut edges, namely the milling cut edges, have no such chip breaks.

Thus, during milling, no crushing is necessary and the generation of chips is undisturbed. This means that during milling,
This is preferable in terms of driving force because it eliminates the need for extra work to crush the chip. The boring cut edge does not work after the hole processing is completed. The convex cone that is sometimes present at the bottom of the hole is immediately removed by the boring cut edge after milling. It is true that during this cone removal extra work has to be done to deform the chips produced by the boring tool during milling. However, this is in the milling direction.
Limited to a length corresponding to the diameter of the milling tool.

As a result, only short, harmless chips occur during bowling.

The chip break portion is formed by providing a plateau surface bordered by the chip removal surface at a location exceeding the height of the 29 mutually parallel end cut edges but not exceeding the height of the 29 milling cut edges. . Also,
29 extending parallel to the end cut edge on the plateau surface
is formed by forming a raised edge, while positioning the plateau surface below the cut edge at the lowest level.

Chip breaking is improved by further providing the bowl-shaped chip removal surface of the foot of the chip break section with a bowl-shaped recess extending away from and parallel to the cut edge.

Improving chip generation and breaking during boring is achieved by providing one or more recesses in the cutting direction in a chip removal surface that has a chip break and intersects the cut edge.

These recesses may not intersect with the cut edge, or may intersect with the cut edge so that a wavy portion is formed at the cut edge.

[Example] A boring and milling tool 1 is shown in FIG. It has a cylindrical body 2 with an axis 3. At the top of the shank-shaped main body 2, there is a flat surface 5 for preventing rotation.
A clamp portion 4 is formed. Around the lower part of the body 2, 29 chip removal grooves 7.8 are formed which open radially and towards the end face 6. Chip removal groove 7.
8 has a V-shaped cross section and is parallel to the axis 3. The radially extending rear surfaces 9.11 extend in the opposite direction to the axis 3, these rear surfaces 9.11 facing the direction of rotation of the boring and milling tool 1.

The chip removal groove 8 is radially deeper than the groove 7 and extends beyond the shaft 3. On the other hand, the chip removal groove 7 is shallow and the shaft 3
It ends radially away from.

A pocket 12 is formed on the back surface 11 to receive a square cut bit insert 13.

In this pocket, the cut edge 14 of the insert 13 projects beyond the lower surface 6, intersects with the shoulder 3, and extends in the radial direction. Also, cut edge 1
4 ends radially inside the milling diameter of the boring and milling tool 1.

A pocket 15 for a second cutting bit insert 16 is likewise formed on the rear surface 9.

Since the insert 13 does not protrude from the circumferential surface of the tool 1,
Valid only for bowling. On the other hand, the insert 16 is effective for both boring and milling because one cut edge protrudes from the circumferential surface of the tool 1 and the other cut edge extends beyond the lower surface 6. insert 1
6 has the shape shown in FIGS. 2-4.

The insert 16 is a parallelogram-shaped plate with a hole, and has a back surface 17, a surface 18 parallel to the back surface and remote from the back surface, and a surface 18 extending between the back surface 17 and the front surface 18, 19% of the 4 sides that form the sides, i.e. the clearance surface
21, 22 and 23. Clearance surface 1
9, 21, 22 and 23 are surfaces which are inclined with respect to the rear surface 17 at a desired angle according to the clearance.

A through hole 20 is drilled in the center of the insert 16, which serves to receive a screw for fixing the insert 16 to the tool 1.

Table 1Ii from each clearance surface 19.21.22.23
A cut edge is formed at the transition to li18.

The insert 16 therefore has four straight cut edges 24, 25, 25 and 27. These extend parallel to each other in pairs and are all located at the same level with respect to the back surface 17. Adjacent cut edge 2
4-27, the insert 16 is chamfered and the second
A cut edge 28 is formed. cut edge 25
and 26 and between cut edges 24 and 27 are 88°.

Each cut edge 24-27 faces the center of the insert 16 and connects to a bowl-shaped chip removal surface. These removal surfaces are attached to the insert 16 for each cut edge 24-27.
When is in the neutral position, they are connected to form a positive tip angle. Chip removal surfaces 29 and 31 (FIGS. 2 and 4) are parallel and identical to each other, and chip removal surfaces 30 and 32 are also identical to each other. However, 29 and 30 and 30 and 31 are different from each other. The chip removal surfaces 29 and 31 are designed to be suitable for cutting during milling, while the chip removal surfaces 30 and 32
And it is perfect for producing good chips while bowling.

Chip removal surfaces 29 - 32 are formed on the front surface 18 and are of approximately equal width toward the center of the insert and connect to a plateau surface 33 parallel to the back surface 17 .

This side has cut edges 24 to 27 when viewed from the back side 17.
It is preferable that it is not higher than the surface containing the surface, but rather that it is slightly lower.

That is, the plateau surface 33 is located on the inside of the insert at the end of each chip removal surface 29-32.

The chip removal surfaces 29 and 31 form a plateau surface 33 at a straight line 34 parallel to the milling cut edges 24 and 26.
It intersects with On the other hand, in the case of effective end cut edges 25 and 27 during boring, the chip break part 3
5 is formed at the transition of the inwardly facing ends of the insert of the chip removal surfaces 30 and 32 to the plateau surface 33.

As shown in FIG. 3, which shows a cross-section of the chip removal surface 32, the chip break portion 35 includes a raised edge 36 that rises from the plateau surface 33. This raised edge extends parallel to and away from the cut edges 27 and 35, respectively, and is higher than the plane defined by the cut edges 24-27. A slope 37 is formed on the side of the raised edge facing the cut edge 25 or 27, which slope
It makes an angle of about 30° with respect to the plane defined by ~27. A recess 38 is formed in the chip removal surface 32 where the slope 37 enters this surface. This type of cut edge configuration provided between the raised edge 36 and the cut edge 27 is known as a "twin tip guide stage".

As a result, the chip cut by the cutting edge 27 during boring initially slides on the chip removal surface 32 until it reaches the vicinity of the recess 38, where the back side of the chip no longer comes into contact with the insert 16. The chip then collides with the insert 16 again near the inclined portion 37, is compressed, is bent perpendicular to the direction of travel, and is broken.

Therefore, the chip by the milling cut edge 24.26 is removed without resistance, and the chip by the end cut edge 27.25
The conical tip hits the raised edge 36 and is broken.

Accordingly, the cut bit insert 16 has two sets of differently shaped cut edges. That is, milling cut edge 24.26 and end cut edge 25.27.
They are parallel to each other and have the same shape.

Therefore, it can be used for each purpose. That is,
When the insert 16 is installed in the boring and milling tool 1, the end cut edge 25, 27 forms an effective edge at the end face during boring. On the other hand, the cut edges 24 and 26 protrude in the radial direction and are therefore cut during milling. In these cases, the chip can of course be cut by half a turn of the tool.

When using the insert 16 shown in FIGS. 2-4, relatively short chips are produced in both boring and milling for the reasons discussed above. And in any case,
No long spiral or ribbon chips are produced.

5 to 7 show cut pit inserts 1 and 16 of different shapes that achieve the same effect. The same parts as in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

In this case, instead of a raised edge 36, a plateau surface 33 and a cut edge 24 at different heights from the back surface 17 are provided.
27 is used.

As shown in FIG.
The plateau surface 33 defined by 2 is at the same height as the milling cut edge 24, 26 or slightly lower. On the other hand, the end cut edges 25, 27 used for boring are located considerably lower than the plateau surface 33, as shown in FIG. A flank 29 is thus formed at the transition of the plateau surface 33 to the chip removal surface 30.32. This flank corresponds to the inclined portion 37 of the above embodiment.
, and slopes towards the end cut edge 25, 27. Flank 39 on chip removal surface 30.32
Subsequently, the bowl-shaped recess 38 described above is formed. By making the plateau surface 33 higher than the end cut edge 25.27, a cut edge shape known as a "twin tip guide stage" is created.

The milling cut edges 24, 26 of 29 are at a first level relative to the back side 17, and this level is on the plateau side 33.
It's on top of. On the other hand, the end cut edge 25.27 used for boring has a plateau surface 33 relative to the back surface 17.
located closer.

The chips from the milling edges 24,26 therefore flow out of the plateau surface 33 unhindered. on the other hand,
Tip with end cut edge 25.27 sloped surface 3
It collides with 9 and breaks.

By forming recesses 40.41 in the chip removal surface 30.32, as shown by broken lines in FIG. 2, chips can be easily broken during boring. multiple recesses 40
．． 41 are lined up along the end cut edge 25.27. In this case, these recesses have a cut edge of 25.27
It may intersect with the cut edge, or it may be separated from the cut edge. In the former case, the cut edges are wavy; in the latter case, the cut edges remain straight. Recess 40
．． 41 bends the cut tip into a wavy shape, so even if the workpiece is under poor conditions such as soft or ductile metal, the three inclined surfaces and 37 work together to bend the cut tip into a wave shape, compared to when it is smooth. Breaks chips quickly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the boring and milling tool of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a cut bit insert attached to the outer circumferential surface, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view taken in the direction of the ■-■ arrow in FIG. 2. Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the IV-IV arrow in Figure 2;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of another embodiment of the cut bit insert, FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the cross section taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5, with a part omitted, and FIG. ■It is an enlarged sectional view in which a part of the arrow view is omitted. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko SuzueFig, 1 Fig, 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shank-shaped body (2) that rotates around a rotation axis (3).
) having a cut end, at least one chip removal groove (7, 8) extending from said cut end along the axis of the shank-like body, and a cut bit formed in said at least one chip removal groove. a pocket for an insert (12, 15); a cutting bit having a substantially parallelogram shape and having two substantially parallel end cut edges (25, 27) and two substantially parallel milling cut edges (24, 26); In the boring and milling tool for metal processing, which is equipped with inserts (13, 16), the shapes of the two almost parallel cut edges (24, 26; 25, 27) are almost the same, and the two adjacent cut edges (24, 26; 25, 27) are Cut edge (24, 25; 25, 26; 26
, 27; 27, 24) boring and milling tools with different shapes. 2, including chip breaks (36, 37, 38; 33, 38, 39) formed in the insert in association with each of the two end cut edges (25, 27); , 26) are independent of the chip break section. 3. includes a chip removal surface (29, 30, 31, 32) extending inwardly from the cut edge (24, 26; 25, 27), the milling cut edge being located inwardly at the intersection with the surface of the insert; forming a plateau surface (33), which plateau surface is parallel to the back surface (17) of the insert (16) and approximately at the same level as the milling cut edges (24, 26), and the end cut edges (25, 27) 3. The tool of claim 2 below said plateau plane. 4. includes a chip removal surface (29, 30, 31, 32) extending inwardly from the cut edge (24, 26; 25, 27), the milling cut edge being located inwardly at its intersection with the surface of the insert; forming a plateau surface, (33);
This plateau surface is parallel to the back surface (17) of the insert (16) and is at the lowest level of the cut edges (24, 26; 25, 27), and the chip break consists of two raised edges projecting from said surface. (36), the raised edges being parallel to the end cut edges (25, 27) and associated chip removal surfaces (30, 32).
). The tool according to claim 2. 5. Includes a chip removal surface extending from the end cut edges (25, 27) to the inner surface of the insert (16), said chip removal surface having a bowl-shaped recess (38) in cross section;
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the tool comprises: 6. At least one of the end cut edges (25, 27)
2. The tool of claim 1, including a chip break associated with the end cut edge, the end cut edge being undulating. 7. At least one of the end cut edges (25, 27)
a chip break associated with the insert, a chip removal surface extending from each end cut edge to a central portion of the insert, and at least one recess (40, 41) is formed in at least one of said chip removal portions. A tool according to claim 1. 8. Tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one recess (41) is located inside the end cut edge (27) without intersecting the end cut edge. 9. Tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one recess (40) intersects the end cut edge (27). 10. The insert (16) is approximately diamond-shaped and has two cut edges (24, 25; 25, 26; 26, 27; 27,
24. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the angle formed by 24) is between 75[deg.] and 90[deg.], preferably about 88[deg.]. 11. The tool of claim 2, wherein all cutting edges lie on a common plane. 12. A cut bit insert (16) having a substantially parallelogram shape and having two substantially parallel end cut edges (25, 27) and two substantially parallel milling cut edges (24, 26), substantially parallel; The shapes of the two cut edges (24, 26; 25, 27) are almost the same, and the two cut edges (24, 25; 25, 26; 26) that are adjacent to each other have almost the same shape.
, 27; 27, 24) cut bit inserts with different shapes. 13, including a chip break portion (36, 37, 38; 33, 38, 39) formed in the insert in association with each of the two end cut edges (25, 27); , 26) are independent of the chip break. 14, including a chip removal surface (29, 30, 31, 32) extending inwardly from the cut edge (24, 26; 25, 27), the milling cut edge being located inwardly at its intersection with the surface of the insert; forming a plateau surface (33), which plateau surface is parallel to the back surface (17) of the insert (16) and approximately at the same level as the milling cut edges (24, 26), and the end cut edges (25, 27) 14. The insert of claim 13 below said plateau plane. 15, including a chip removal surface (29, 30, 31, 32) extending inwardly from the cut edge (24, 26; 25, 27), the milling cut edge being located inwardly at its intersection with the surface of the insert; forming a plateau surface (33) which is parallel to the back surface (17) of the insert (16) and is at the lowest level of the cut edges (24, 26; 25, 27), the chip break being It includes two raised edges (36) projecting from the surface, parallel to the end cut edges (25, 27) and associated with the chip removal surfaces (30, 32).
14. The insert of claim 13, wherein the insert is connected to. 16, including a chip removal surface extending from the end cut edge (25, 27) to the inner surface of the insert (16), said chip removal surface having a bowl-shaped recess (38) in cross section;
13. The insert according to claim 12, comprising: 17. Insert according to claim 12, including a chip break associated with at least one of the end cut edges (25, 27), said end cut edge being undulating. 18, a chip break associated with at least one of the end cut edges (25, 27), a chip removal surface extending from each end cut edge to a central portion of the insert; Insert according to claim 12, characterized in that one recess (40, 41) is formed. 19. Insert according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one recess (41) is located inside the end cut edge (27) without intersecting the end cut edge. 20. Insert according to claim 18, wherein the at least one recess (40) intersects the end cut edge (27). 21, the insert (16) is approximately diamond-shaped and has two cut edges (24, 25; 25, 26; 26, 27; 27,
13. An insert according to claim 12, wherein the angle formed by 24) is between 75[deg.] and 90[deg.], preferably about 88[deg.]. 22. The insert of claim 13, wherein all cut edges lie on a common plane.