JPS63251167A - Fillet rolling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To have good fillet rolling performance by using a numerical control(NC) device having an aux. function, which ensures control of the revolving speed of a work and its pressurized number of revolutions to any desired value and which can emit a signal to control a pressurization device in any rotational position, and thereby controlling a servo motor for driving the spindle. CONSTITUTION:Upon reception of a signal from an NC device 35, a work 1 rotates slowly at the time of starting to lessen the inertia of the moving part of a tool rest 8, and thereby the corner fillet part 1d of a pin part 1a is prevented from application of quick and uneven pressurization force, and thus the surface layer is hardened. In accordance with the number of revolutions of the pin part 1a, i.e. the rotational angle, both the pressurization force of a pressurizing roller 2 and its rolling speed on the pin part 1a are adjusted to provide effective rolling processing for the corner fillet part 1e of the pin 1a, and at the same time, the risk is eliminated that uneven pressure is applied in the initial period of pressurization to a crank arm 1c of the work part 1, which could cause deformation. Thus combination of the spindle revolving speed and the pressurization force is altered by means of the number of revolutions of the spindle, and processing is continued.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] "Industrial Field of Application" This invention applies rolling processing to extend the life of corner fillets of crankshaft journals, pins, etc., mainly against metal fatigue. Regarding fillet rolling machine.

"Conventional technology and its problems" Conventionally, in fillet rolling machines, the workpiece is rotated using a general-purpose electric motor or a direct current It is driven by an electric motor or an AC main shaft variable speed motor.

An example of such a conventional machine is a fillet rolling machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 117849/1983. In this conventional example, a mask crankshaft is arranged in parallel with a crankshaft serving as a workpiece, the mask crankshaft and the workpiece are rotated synchronously, and a tool stand is swung by the mask crankshaft. This conventional example has the problem that the mask crankshaft must be replaced when changing the workpiece, resulting in a considerably long set-up time.

Another conventional example is a fillet rolling machine proposed by Hegenacheidt (West Germany).

This conventional example does not use a mask crankshaft, but instead has a tool stand pivoted on the tip of an arm whose base side is supported so as to be swingable around an axis parallel to the axis of the crankshaft, so it is not necessary to use a mask crankshaft. It is recognized that setup changeover time is shortened because there is no need for changeover.

However, when machining the journal part of the crankshaft as a workpiece, when machining the pin part, the pin part rotates around the journal part, so the tool stand follows the pin part and swings. Therefore, the inertial force of the tool stand acts, and in general-purpose electric motors, the rotational speed of the crankshaft rapidly increases at startup, so when the material is initially pressurized, uneven pressing force acts in the circumferential direction, causing uneven application. As a result, compressive stress may remain uneven in the circumferential direction of the pin portion of the crankshaft. In addition, although variable speed electric motors can smoothly increase the rotation speed, it is not possible to numerically accurately indicate the number of pressurized rotations, so it is not possible to control the appropriate pressurizing force during one rotation of each crankshaft pin. As in the case of electric motors, compressive stresses may remain uneven.

Furthermore, phasing each crank pin requires mechanical or special electrical indexing devices.

This invention solves the above-mentioned problems in a fillet rolling machine in which a tool stand is pivotally supported at the tip of an arm that is swingably supported around an axis parallel to the axis of the crankshaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fillet rolling machine that can easily perform good fillet rolling processing by appropriately combining pressing forces.

[Structure of the invention]

``Means for Solving the Problems'' This invention provides a headstock and a tailstock that support and drive a workpiece having a corner fillet in a cylindrical portion facing each other, and an indexing movement of the headstock parallel to the spindle axis. A tool stand is provided, which is equipped with a fillet machining tool disposed against the corner fillet portion of the workpiece on a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis, and has a pressurizing device for the machining tool. In a fillet rolling machine, the rotating speed of the workpiece and the number of pressurizing rotations can be arbitrarily controlled, and the pressurizing device can be moved at any rotational position. This fillet rolling machine is characterized by having a servo motor for driving the main shaft controlled by a numerical control device having an auxiliary function that can output signals for controlling the fillet rolling machine.

"Function" Machining is performed by combining the spindle rotation speed, number of pressure rotations, and pressure force of the pressure device using a numerical control device, and machining is continued by changing the combination of spindle rotation speed and pressure force depending on the number of spindle rotations. Perform rolling processing.

"Example" Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

6 and 7 show a workpiece 1, for example a crankshaft. 1a is a pin portion, 1b is a journal portion, 10 is a crank arm, and the root of the pin portion 1a with the crank arm 1C is continuous at a corner fillet portion 1d, and the root of the journal portion 1b with the crank arm 1C is a corner fillet portion. 1e
It is continuous. That is, the crankshaft is connected to the pin part 1&
, the journal part 1b is a cylindrical part and the corner fillet part 1
4. It has Ie. The pressure roller 2 for machining the fillet portion 1d or 1e is held so as to rotate on an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the pin portion 1a and the journal portion 1111.

FIG. 4 shows the pressure roller 2 of the fillet processing tool. The pressure rollers 2 are disposed on the workpiece 1, for example, at three equally spaced positions in the circumferential direction of the pin portion 1a or the journal portion 1b, and apply pressure to the pin portion 1a or the journal portion 1b. Alternatively, the pin portion 1a or the journal portion 1b may be disposed so as to press against the circumferential portion of the pin portion 1a or the journal portion 1b, and the pin portion 1a or the journal portion 1b may be supported by a support roller.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the fillet rolling machine, Fig. M2 is a plan view of Fig. #1, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 1.

The headstock 6 and tailstock 4, which support and drive the workpiece 1 in opposition, are on a common machine base 10, the headstock 3 is fixed to the machine base 10, and the tailstock 4 is located between the headstock 3 and the headstock 4. Fixed distance adjustable.

The workpiece 1 is gripped by a chuck 6 fixed to five main spindles supported in a headstock 3, and supported by a rotation center 7 mounted on a tailstock 4.

The pressure roller 2 can be indexed and moved parallel to the axis of the main shaft 5.
A tool stand 8 is provided to carry the tool.

In this embodiment, the tool stand 8 is provided with two groups of three types of pressure rollers. Second. Third tool stand 8-1゜8-2.8-3
are provided in a common tool stand main body 15, but they all have the same purpose, and the first tool stand 8-1 is representative (numeral 8 is used).
It is written as.

The tool stand 8 is supported on a saddle 9 serving as a feed stand. The saddle 9 is guided by a guide strip 11 parallel to the headstock 3. A feeding device for the saddle 9 is constituted by a ball screw 16 screwed into a ball nut 12 fixed to the upper surface of the saddle 9 and supported in parallel with the guide strip 11, and a feeding servo motor 14 connected to the ball screw 16. The tool stand 8 is a bracket l-16 fixed to the lower arm 16 as shown in FIG. Upper arm 1 can be rotated around pin 17 on L.
8 is pivotally attached to the workpiece 1, and the base of the swing arm 19 is pivotally attached to the tool stand body 15 so as to be freely rotatable around a pin 22.

The piston rod end of the clevis-type pressure cylinder 26 is located at a position farther from the pin 21 than the pin 25 with respect to the workpiece 1.
& is rotatably connected to the upper arm 18, and the cylinder end is pivotally connected to the lower arm 16 by a pin 25b, and serves as a pressurizing device for the pressurizing roller 2 provided at the tip side of the upper and lower arms 18.16. .

Roller heads 24 and 25 are detachably fixed to the tips of the upper arm 18 and the lower arm 16 so as to face each other. Fourth
As shown in the figure, there is a retainer 26 on the bottom surface of the roller head 24.
is fixed, and the retainer 26 holds one of the pressure rollers 2 arranged in the circumferential direction. A backup roller 27 in contact with the pressure roller 2 is rotatably fitted into an identification shaft 28 fixed to the roller head 24.

The upper surface of the roller head 25 faces the lower surface of the roller head 24 and forms a V-shaped groove 25a, and a retainer 29 is fixed in contact with this V-shaped groove 25a. Two of the pressure rollers 2 are fitted into the V-shaped portion of the retainer 29. A backup roller 61 opposite to this pressure roller 21 is pivotally connected to a fixed shaft 32 fixed to the lower processing head 25. The pressure rollers 2 are located at three equal positions in the circumferential direction of the workpiece 1, and the backup rollers 27 and 3 are located on a radial line connecting the center of the workpiece 1 and the center of the pressure roller 2.
There is a center of 1.

The tool stand main body 1 includes a positioning cylinder 30 and a stopper 36 that push the side of the swinging arm 19 to keep the tool stand 8 in a fixed position.
It is fixed at 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, the main shaft 5 is connected to a servo motor S5 fixed to the headstock 6 by a transmission gear [34]. Reference numeral 40 denotes an origin positioning switch fixed to the headstock 3, which is operated by a dog 41 fixed to the spindle 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the servo motor 56 is connected to the numerical controller 3.
5, the rotational speed of the main shaft 5 is made variable, and the number of rotations, that is, the rotation angle of the main shaft 5 is controlled. - The numerical control device 35 uses auxiliary functions to control the solenoid valves 35a and 55.
b, 35c is activated. The respective electromagnetic valves 35a, 351) and 55Q are supplied with pressure oil regulated to different oil pressures from a hydraulic source, and can apply this pressure oil to the pressurizing cylinder 23.

The numerical control device 65 also drives the feed servo motor 14 to index each pin portion 1a or journal portion 1b of the crankshaft that straddles the workpiece.

The effect will be explained. When the machine stopped last time, the main shaft 5 was stopped by the dog 41 at the position where the origin positioning switch 40 was activated, and the workpiece 1 is mounted at a constant position with respect to the main shaft 5 in the rotation direction.

The roller heads 24 and 25 of the tool stand 8 are located at a required position, for example, the leftmost first pin portion 1a, with respect to the axial direction i of the workpiece 1, and the pressurizing cylinder 25 is located at a position where the piston rod is retracted into the cylinder. Therefore, the pins 25fL and 2Sb are close to each other, and the upper arm 18 is at its maximum rotational position clockwise around the pin 17 in FIG. At the rotation limit position, the roller heads 24 and 25 are open, and each pressure roller 2 is separated from the pin portion 1a. and the upper arm 18, the lower arm 16, and each of these arms 1
8. The object attached to 16 is freely suspended by the swing arm 19.

When the main shaft 5 is stopped at a certain position by the switch 40 and the workpiece 1 is attached to the chuck 6 at this position, the pin portion 1a is moved by the piston rod of the positioning cylinder SO and the swing arm 19 tilted by the stopper 66. It is arranged between two pairs of pressure rollers in the tool holding portion of the supported tool stand 8.

When started, low-pressure oil is sent to the pressurized cylinder 23 via the solenoid valve 35a according to a command from the numerical control device 35, and the piston rod protrudes from the inside of the cylinder, causing the pins 25a, 23
The rear ends of the upper arm 18 and the lower arm 16 are pushed apart via b.

In FIG. 3, the upper arm 18 rotates counterclockwise around the pin 17, and the lower arm 16 rotates around the pin 17.
As the roller heads 24 and 25 rotate clockwise, the roller heads 24 and 25 approach each other, and each pressure roller 2 lightly presses the pin portion 1a. Subsequently, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 30 retreats, and the swing arm 19 becomes swingable. Upper and lower arms 18.16
Since the roller heads 24, 25 and the pressure cylinder 25 are suspended by the swing arm 19, the two pairs of pressure rollers press the pin portion 1a with equal pressure. Subsequently, while the pressing force of the pressurizing cylinder 23 remains unchanged, the servo motor 63 is energized to a slow speed by a command from the numerical control device [35], rotates the main shaft 5 via the winding transmission device 34, and rotates the chuck 6, Work 1 rotates. As a result, the surface layer of the corner fillet portion 1d of the pin portion 1a is uniformly pressed.

When the rotation speed of the workpiece 1 reaches the number of rotations set by the numerical control device 35, the rotation speed of the main shaft 5 is increased by a command from the numerical control device 35, and the auxiliary function of the numerical control device 35 switches to the solenoid valve ssb, Switch to strong pressure.

This strengthens the corner fillet portion 1d to a deeper layer. When the total number of rotations of the workpiece 1 set in the numerical control device 35 is reached, the solenoid valve 35a is switched to reduce the pressing force, and then the servo motor 33 is deenergized, and the switch 40 holds the workpiece 1 at the fixed position. Stop.

In this way, when starting, the workpiece 1 rotates at a slow speed, and the inertia of the moving part of the tool stand 8 is reduced, and the pin part 1
First, the surface layer can be hardened by preventing sudden uneven pressure from acting on the corner fillet portion 1d of the pin portion 1a, and then the pressure and pressure of the pressure roller 2 are adjusted according to the number of rotations of the pin portion 1a, that is, the rotation angle. By adjusting both the transfer speeds on the pin portion 1a of the pressure roller 2, effective rolling processing is performed on the corner fillet portion 1e of the pin portion 1a, and uneven pressure is applied to the crank arm of the workpiece at the beginning of pressing. This eliminates the fear of deformation.

When the first pin portion 1a is machined, a second pin portion 1a on the right side in FIG. 1 adjacent to the pin portion 1a is machined. It compresses the pressurizing cylinder 23 and pin 23a
, 23b, and open the roller heads 24 and 25. Next, the feeding servo motor 14 is driven to move the ball nut 12 by the distance between the crankshaft pin portions 1a stored in the numerical control device 65. When the ball screw 13 is rotated in such a manner, the pole nut 12 sends the saddle 9. The saddle 9 moves while engaging with the guide strip 11, and stops at a position where the two pairs of pressure rollers coincide with a predetermined second pin portion 1a. Next, the positioning cylinder 30 is energized, swinging the swing arm 19 to set the two pairs of pressure rollers of the tool stand 8 at a fixed position, and the servo motor 33 rotates according to a command from the numerical controller 55 to move the second pin. The part 1a is connected to the first pin part and the second pin part.
Rotate by the phase difference of the pin part and stop. As a result, the second pin portion 1a is positioned at the center surrounded by the two pairs of pressure rollers.

A rolling process is then performed in the same manner as that performed with the first pin portion 1a.

Similarly, each pin portion 1a and journal portion 1b are rolled.

Since the pressure roller indexing device in the workpiece axial direction uses a servo motor driven by numerical control and a screw feed device connected to the servo motor, it is easy to change the setup in the workpiece axial direction when changing the workpiece. Easily applicable to various types of workpieces.

〔Effect of the invention〕

This invention uses a servo motor for driving the main shaft that is controlled by a numerical control device that has an auxiliary function that can arbitrarily control the rotational speed of the workpiece and the number of pressurization rotations, and that can generate signals to control the pressurization device at any rotational position. Since the fillet rolling machine is characterized in that: (1) the number of rotations of the workpiece to which the pressure roller is applied can be controlled;

(2) The rotational speed of the workpiece can be arbitrarily controlled, and the circumferential speed of the pressure roller relative to the workpiece surface can be arbitrarily controlled.

(6) The circumferential speed of the pressure roller relative to the workpiece surface can be controlled in accordance with the number of rotations of the workpiece, that is, the rotation angle of the workpiece.

(4) Since the servo motor is driven by commands from the numerical control device, the auxiliary function I signal can be output at any machining position, making it possible to freely control the pressing force of the pressure roller.

-(5) Since the pressing force of the pressure roller and the rotational speed of the workpiece can be combined with respect to the number of rotations of the workpiece, it is possible to reduce the bending of the workpiece.

(6) Since the rotational direction of the main shaft can be appropriately indexed, indexing and positioning in the rotational direction is easy, and multi-block workpieces can be handled.

(The rotational speed of the workpiece can be controlled at any desired rotational position and the speed in between.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings all show embodiments of this invention, with FIG. 1 being a front view, FIG. 2 being a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 being taken along A-A in FIG.
4 is a partially enlarged view of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece, and Fig. 7 is a side view of Fig. 6. It is. 1...Work 11L--Pin part 1b...Journal part IC...Crank arm 1a. 1e Qin・Corner fillet part 2・e Roller 3・・Headstock 4・・Tailstock 5・・Main shaft 6・・Chuck 7・
・Rotation center 8・・Tool stand 9・Sound saddle 11・-Guide strip 1211@Pole nut 16・・Ball screw
14... Servo motor 15... Tool stand body 16...
Lower arm 16a...Bracket 17@-bin 18
@ Upper arm 19. Swinging arm 21.22. Pin 25-. Pressure cylinder 25a, 25b @ # pin 2
4.25--Roller head 25&...7-shaped groove 26.
- Retainer 27... Backup roller 28... Fixed shaft 29... Retainer 60... Positioning cylinder 61-
Fist back-up roller 32, jar fixing shaft 33, servo motor 34, transmission device 55, control device 35a,
35b, 350- Solenoid valve 66...stopper 40
...Origin positioning switch 41...Dog.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A headstock and a tailstock that support and drive a workpiece having a corner fillet part in a cylindrical part facing each other, and a headstock that indexes and moves parallel to the spindle axis of the headstock on a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis. A tool stand is provided which includes a fillet processing tool disposed against the corner fillet portion of the workpiece and has a pressurizing device for the processing tool, and the tool stand is swingable around an axis parallel to the spindle axis. In a fillet rolling machine that is pivotally supported at the tip of a supported swinging arm, it has an auxiliary function that allows you to arbitrarily control the rotational speed of the workpiece and the number of pressurizing rotations, and output a signal to control the pressurizing device at any rotational position. A fillet rolling machine characterized by having a servo motor for driving a main shaft controlled by a numerical control device.