JPS63251153A - Shaving cutter grinding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the machining accuracy of a work gear by determining a plurality of initial values in accordance with the tooth surface conditions (tooth thickness etc.) within the range in which a shaving cutter is serviceable, and by setting a plurality of tooth grinding data upon correction of each initial value with tooth surface grinding amount taken into considerations. CONSTITUTION:Classified by tooth surface conditions (tooth thickness etc.), a plurality of tooth grinding data are set for a shaving cutter which provides optimum tooth surface shape for the work gear. At the time of re-grinding of the tooth surface of shaving cutter, the tooth grinding data according to the current tooth surface conditions (tooth thickness etc.) given by a three- dimensional measuring instrument 3 is read, and thereupon re-grinding is carried out. As this tooth grinding data is set and stored upon correction of the initial value with the tooth surface grinding amount taken into considerations first after the initial value is determined, error generation with re-grinding will be eliminated, and the tooth surface shape of the work gear can be finished into target shape with high precision.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is a shaving cutter that finishes cutting the tooth surface of an automobile transmission gear, etc., and the present invention is a shaving cutter that grinds the tooth surface when the tooth surface wears out due to repeated cutting. This invention relates to a method for sharpening teeth of a shaving cutter.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when finish cutting the m-plane of a work gear such as a transmission gear for a commuting vehicle, a shaving cutter is used and the A slide base that is movable back and forth with respect to the position of the shaving cutter is provided, a work gear is placed on this slide base, and the work gear is meshed and rotated with the shaving cutter in accordance with the movement of the slide base, so that the tooth surface of the work gear is rotated. Cut. In order to prevent the cutting accuracy of this tooth surface from decreasing due to thermal deformation of the shaving cutter or changes in ambient temperature, the deviation between the actual measured value of the work gear after cutting and its appropriate value is determined, and this deviation A work gear cutting method is known in which the movement amount of the slide base is successively corrected according to the value to maintain high cutting accuracy of the work gear.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, when the tooth surface of the above-mentioned shaving cutter for cutting a work gear becomes worn due to repeated cutting, it is necessary to grind the tooth surface before use. More than once(
It is used repeatedly (for example, several dozen times) and used effectively for a long time from the time it is new until the time it is disposed of.

However, when using a shaving cutter after re-grinding it many times, its tooth thickness gradually decreases each time it is 711'Ta removed. Since the meshing state of the shaving cutter changes, in order to obtain an appropriate tooth surface shape of the work gear, it is necessary to change the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter little by little each time it is reground. For this reason, when the shaving cutter is in good condition (not worn out), it is possible to cut the work gear almost properly, but when the shaving cutter is worn out, the re-shaving work relies on humans, and it requires human intuition and a high degree of skill. The disadvantage is that the re-grinding operation is difficult and takes a long time, and the shaving force and the accuracy of the vine (that is, the cutting accuracy of the work gear) cannot be compensated as expected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and the purpose of the present invention is to grind the shaving cutter several times and use it, so that the shape of the tooth surface of the work gear can be maintained at an appropriate shape. By setting the target grinding data in advance, the re-grinding work for each wear can be appropriately automated.
The purpose is to eliminate the need for human touch or high level of skill, thereby making re-grinding work easier and faster, and maintaining a high precision of the shaving cutter enclosure. At that time, when re-grinding the shaving cutter, an error will occur in the tooth surface shape by the amount of grinding allowance, so it is also possible to further improve the cutting accuracy of the work gear by creating target grinding data that takes this grinding allowance into account. The object of the invention.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the solution method of the present invention is to re-grind the tooth surface of the shaving cutter every time the tooth surface of the shaving cutter is worn out due to cutting of the work gear. This paper assumes a method for sharpening the teeth of a shaving cutter in which the process is repeated multiple times. Then, within the usable range of the shaving cutter, multiple initial values are determined in advance according to the tooth surface condition (tooth thickness, etc.), and these initial values are corrected in anticipation of the amount of tooth surface grinding. Set the device data. Then, before grinding, the tooth surface condition of the shaving cutter is measured, surround data close to this actual measurement value is called, and then the tooth surface of the shaving cutter is ground based on the retrieved surround data. be.

(Function) As described above, in the present invention, a plurality of gear grinding data for the shaving cutter are set in advance for various tooth surface conditions (tooth thickness, etc.) so that the tooth surface shape of the work gear is made into an appropriate shape. When re-grinding the south face of the shaving cutter, the enclosure data corresponding to the tooth surface condition (tooth thickness, etc.) at that time is called up, and when re-grinding is performed based on this enclosure data, the south face shape of the shaving cutter will change to this shape. Easily ground in a short time according to the container data. As a result, when a work gear is cut with the shaving cutter after re-grinding, the tooth flank shape of the work gear is formed into an almost appropriate shape regardless of the tooth thickness of the shaving cutter at that time, and the cutting accuracy is maintained as expected. It will be secured on the street.

Moreover, when re-grinding the shaving cutter, the tooth surface will be ground as much as the amount of grinding, which will cause an error. Since the value corrected in anticipation of the grinding amount of the tooth surface is set and stored, errors caused by re-grinding are eliminated, and the tooth surface shape of the work gear is precisely finished cut to the target tooth surface shape.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall system diagram of a shaving cutter grinding device, in which 1 is a cutter grinder, and the cutter grinder 1, as shown in FIG. 2, cuts work gears such as automobile transmission gears. When the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A is worn, the entire tooth surface is finished by passing through grinding using a relatively small-diameter dish-shaped grindstone 1a, and the tooth surface correction is carried out at each point on the path of the grindstone 1a. This is done by adjusting the axial position of the grindstone 1a by an amount corresponding to the amount of correction at each point.

Further, 2 is a gear cutting machine that experimentally performs finishing cutting on the tooth surface of a work gear using the shaving cutter A ground by the cutter grinding machine 1, and the gear cutting machine 2 is shown in FIG. Just like that, the shaving cutter A is connected to the work gear W.
The shaving cutter A is meshed and rotated with a predetermined bearing difference angle to form a number of cutting grooves A1 as shown in Fig. 4 on the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A. This is for finishing cutting. Furthermore, 3 is a three-dimensional measuring device, which three-dimensionally measures the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A ground by the cutter grinding machine 1 and the work gear W test-cut by the gear cutting machine 2. is.

In addition, 4 is a cutter grinding controller that controls the grinding operation of the shaving cutter A in the cutter grinder 1, and 5 is a cutter grinding controller 4 that provides control information (target value data for the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A). 6 is a measurement control computer that controls the south face measurement operation of the three-dimensional measuring device 3; 7 is a system control computer;
The machine receives measurement data on the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A after test grinding and the tooth surface shape of the work gear W, and uses the cutter grinder 1 to grind the shaving cutter A again according to the measurement data. It outputs a target value signal for the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A to the grinding control computer 5.

Next, the procedure for grinding the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A (enclosure procedure) by the system control computer 7 is carried out in the sixth step.
This will be explained based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

First, to explain the overall flowchart shown in FIG. 6, in step SA, the information necessary for both times of shaving cutter A, such as the specifications of work gear W and the type of shaving cutter A, is created as shown in FIG. 7. Create it based on the flow and store it in a file. Next, in step Ss, preparatory work for tooth grinding, such as reading target value data of the tooth surface shape of shaving cutter A to be ground from a file, is performed based on the Nancho preparatory work flow shown in FIG.

Then, in step Sc, the grinding information including target value data, etc. is transferred to the cutter grinding control computer 5, where the input information to the cutter grinding controller 4 is analyzed, and the information necessary for cutter grinding (target value data etc.) is transferred to this cutter grinding controller 4, and based on the trial grinding flow shown in FIG. Repeat this until the target shape is within the tolerance range. At this time, during this trial grinding, grinding information regarding the next shaving cutter (B-E) to be ground is sequentially transferred to the cutter grinding controller 4 via the cutter grinding control computer 5.

After that, when the south face shape of the shaving cutter A falls within the tolerance range of the target shape, the step So is d3 and the first
0 diagram! ~Based on the plyle shaving flow, the work gear W is trial shaved with the gear cutting machine 2 using the shaving cutter A that has been completely ground, and the tooth surface shape of the work gear W after the completion of the trial shaving is measured with the three-dimensional measuring device 3. , the process of returning to step Se and re-grinding the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A to correct the tooth surface shape is repeated until the target shape falls within the allowable range. At that time, the target value of the tooth surface shape of the shaving cutter A is corrected according to the deviation between the actual measurement value of the work gear W and the target value, and the target value data at the time when it falls within the tolerance range of the target shape is stored in a file. do.

Next, each flow shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 will be explained in detail. First, to explain from the container information creation flow shown in FIG. 7, after entering the scent and specifications of the shaving cutter tool and work gear W in step SAT, step SA2
Calculate and store basic quantities in memory. Then step S
A3 on the left tooth surface and right tooth surface of the work gear W. Fifth
Predetermined grid points ξRW (I), ξL w as shown in the figure
(1), ηRW (J), ηL W (J) and store them in memory, and in step SA4, the work gear W
Standard of tooth surface shape (target south surface shape) CRT W (L
J), CL T W (I, J) and store it in memory.

Thereafter, in step SA5, the formula for decreasing the tooth thickness within the life cycle of the shaving cutter A is divided in advance into a division formula equal to - the average grinding allowance for each re-grinding, and (IT=1.2-) In addition to forming the column, the shaft support angle Σ (IT) between the work gear W and the shaving cutter A, the generation generatrix intersection angle Φ (IT), the actual length of the line of action Wc (1), WT (IT), shaving cutter A
Calculate the outer diameter d K C (IT1 dislocation coefficient XNC (IT), etc., and store these in memory.

Next, in step SAG, the shape of the left and right tooth surfaces of the shaving cutter A is defined as the difference from the theoretical tooth surface (involute helicoid surface) for each tooth thickness Em (IT), and this tooth surface shape is defined as the tooth surface shape of the work gear W. As defined above, the storage areas CRs c (I, J), CL s c (1,
J). Here, the reason why it is defined on the tooth surface of the work gear W is to reduce the memory capacity. In other words, the orthogonal coordinates (XC
, YC), the orthogonal coordinates (Xc, Y
c) is a function of the tooth thickness and needs to be set in large numbers depending on the tooth thickness, whereas the point on the tooth surface of the work gear W is fixed regardless of the tooth thickness of the shaving cutter A. This is because the memory capacity can be reduced accordingly.

Finally, in step SA7, the target tooth flank shape data (incoming data) of the shaving cutter A at each tooth thickness Em (IT) are stored in the storage area CRs c (I, J), C.
A list of development state values Fc s (IT) indicating whether the state is already stored in L s c (1, J) (hereinafter referred to as development state) is created, and initially each development state value Fc s Initialize (IT) to ((OIt value) and exit.

In the envelope preparation work flow shown in FIG. 8, the target tooth flank shape of the shaving cutter A is read out or calculated in advance and determined. That is, in step S81, a work number (for example, a number indicating both completed, in progress, in a waiting state, etc.) is created, and in step SB2, the shaving cutter tool number and the part number of the work gear W are input.

After that, in step 383, the current tooth surface condition (for example, current tooth thickness value) EMCA is input to the shaving cutter.
In step Se4, the tooth thickness number ITc of the nearest m thickness Hmct in the list of tooth thicknesses Em(IT) is determined.

In addition, in step 385, the lattice points ξRW (1),
CL W (I), ηRw (J), ηL W (J)
and the standard tooth surface CR of the work gear W at each grid point =,
w(1, J), CL T W (1, J), and in step SBg, the grid points ξRC(k), CL C(k) (K=1.N+2), of the shaving cutter A are called.
Calculate ηRc (L) and ηL C(L) (L=1.N+2).

Then, from step 387 onward, the tooth surface shape data (incoming data) corresponding to the current tooth thickness of the shaving cutter A is stored in the area ORs c (I, J), CL S
Suppose that it is read from C(1, J). First, step S
In B7, determine the value of the development state value Fcs at the tooth thickness number ■Tc closest to the current tooth thickness, and if Fcs = 1, that is, if the incoming data has already been set and stored, step 3B+2 After writing the tooth thickness number ITc in the storage area ITA, in step 5B13, the cutter target tooth flank shape (incoming data) for the tooth thickness number ITA is recorded.
Storage area CRS C (1, J), CL sc
(1, J), and the shaving cutter A is to be ground based on this incoming data.

Note that if the development state value Fc s =0 (if the enclosing disk has not yet been set and memorized), in order to sequentially memorize the settings for each tooth thickness, first, in step S88, the development is completed in the tooth thickness list. It is determined whether or not there is a tooth thickness with Fc5=1, and if Fc5=O for all tooth thickness numbers, step S [39 selects the tooth thickness number IT closest to the current tooth thickness.
After storing c in the storage area ITA, step Se+o
Then, the target tooth flank shape data (predicted value) of the shaving cutter A at that tooth thickness is calculated using the generation generatrix intersection angle Φ, the actual length of the line of action We, and WT at that tooth thickness. Then, when the cutter target tooth flank shape is calculated S1 using a predetermined tooth thickness number as described above and then modified as appropriate (described later), the development state value Fc s = 1, so that other different tooth thicknesses When creating target tooth surface shape data for
It is generally more accurate to use the cutter target tooth flank shape data (enclosure data) at the tooth thickness number of the above Fc s 1 state than to use the divided value (predicted value) by that tooth thickness. This time, in step 5811, the selected tooth thickness [Fc5 closest to mCt
After determining the tooth thickness Em (I-A) of =1, in step SB +3 above, the cutter target tooth flank shape data (enclosure data) at the tooth thickness number 11-A of that tooth thickness is stored in its storage area CRs c (LJ), CL sc (LJ), and grinding to the shaving cutter is performed based on this envelope data.

After that, since the envelope data of the shaving cutter A is defined on the tooth surface of the work gear W,
In order to capture this envelope data on the working surface of the shaving cutter A, in step 3B+4, grid points ξp, c (k), CL C on the left and right working surfaces of the shaving cutter A are set.
(k), ηRC(L), ηL C(L) as work gear W
is mapped onto the left and right working surfaces of the shaving cutter A, and by interpolation,
=1. N+2, L=1. N+2) is determined.

Then, in step 5B15, input tooth surface (target tooth surface data at each grid point) to the computer 5 for cutter grinding control ξRC(10, CL C(10, ηRC(L
), ηLC(L), CRIV(K,L), CLIV
(K, L) (For the first time, CRIV (N, L) = CRT
V (K, L), CL I V (K, L) = CL
T V (K, L)) is created, and in step 5BI6, input data for calculating the setting factors such as the axial stroke of the grinding wheel 1a of the cutter grinder 1 is created, and the process is performed in step S17. Then, each data is transferred to the cutter grinding control computer 5, and the process ends.

Next, to explain the trial grinding flow in Figure 9,
After the cutter grinder 1 is set to be capable of grinding in step Sc+, the shaving cutter A is ground 1 to 1 with the cutter grinder 1 in step SC2.

Thereafter, the shaving cutter A after grinding is transferred to the three-dimensional measuring device 3, and in step SC3, the shape of the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A is measured at multiple points while avoiding the cutting edge groove A1. The value is transferred to the system control computer 7 in step SC4, and then in step SC4.
At s, each of the above measured values is corrected to the value at each grid point, taking into account the deviation from the set measurement point (lattice point), and the measured value after correction is @square value tnsc (K, L), tL
sc(K,L)(K=2.)(+1,L=2.N+1
).

Then, in step Scs, each measured value tRsc(K,L)
, tLsc (K,L) are the target tooth surfaces CRT V (K,L),C on the working surface of the shaving cutter A set in step S[3+4 in FIG. 8 above.
Compared with LT V (K, L), the error ER3 for both times is
C (K, L), EL s c (K, L) (to=2.
N+1, L=2. N+1) is calculated, and then it is determined whether the error for both times is within the standard (within the allowable range),
If it is not within the specifications, in step Sc8, after calculating the setting amount change value of the differential stroke Fx of the cutter grinding machine 1, the wax guide FβM×, etc.
In step SC9, the target tooth surface CR machining v (K, L), C at each grid point is sent to the cutter grinding control computer 5.
L x v (K, L) (to=1.)! +2, L=1
．． In order to re-grind the shaving cutter A by changing the value to implant 1 (N+2), follow step 8B+ in Figure 8 above.
Return to 6. Further, if the errors for both times are within the standard, step Sc+ is performed.

, and after grinding the gold teeth on the shaving cutter in step 5CIO, if trial shaving of the work gear W is performed using the shaving cutter A after the grinding is completed in step SCU, the trial shaving flow shown in FIG. 10 is performed. move on.

Next, to explain the trial shaving flow shown in FIG. 10, in step So+, the shaving cutter A after grinding is transferred to the gear grinding machine 2, and the work gear W is subjected to trial shaving with the gear grinding machine 2.

After that, in step SD2, the tooth surface shape of the work gear W is
The lattice point ξRw set in step 335 in FIG. 8 above
(1), CL w (I), ηRW (J), ηL W
(J), each measured value is transferred to the system control computer 7 in step SD3, and the measured values are transferred to the system control computer 7 in step SD3.
oa, each measured value is expressed as an axis-perpendicular value t RS l/, I(I, J
), t L S W (I, J).

Then, in step Sos, each measured value tRsw(I, J)
, tLs w (I, J) are compared with the corresponding workpiece standard tooth surfaces CRT w (LJ) and CL W (I, J), and the shape errors ERs w (I, J), E are determined.
L S W (I, J) is calculated and corrected to the tooth surface shape error of the work gear W when the error in the setting amount of the cutter grinder 1 is corrected in the gear cutting machine 2 in step Sos. Thereafter, in step SD7, it is determined whether the tooth surface shape of the work gear W is within the specifications based on this south surface shape error, and if it is not within the specifications, further step S
At D8, it is determined whether or not it is a trial based on the development status value Fcs = 1 km. If Fc s = 1, it is determined that the enclosure data setting itself is incorrect, and an abnormality is displayed, while Fc s = O. In this case, the selected cutter target tooth flank shape data is corrected and the shaving cutter A is ground again, and in step 5C)9, the south face shape error of the work gear W is calculated as ERs w (1, J), EL s w
After correcting the cutter target tooth flank shape data in the memory areas CRsc (I, J) and CL sc (1, J) by the grinding allowance per (I, J) and - grinding, re-grind the shaving cutter A. To do this, step 8B+4 in Figure 8
Return to In addition, if the workpiece tooth surface is necessarily within the specification in step SD7, it is determined in step 5DIG as described above whether or not the trial is based on the development state value "cs=1", and if Fc5=O, In step 30u, the cutter target tooth flank shape data is converted into the tooth flank shape error ERs w (1, J), E of the work gear W in the same manner as in step SD9 above.
L 5y (I, J”+ is corrected and this is determined as the initial value, and the amount of grinding per one time is added and corrected to this initial value, and it is used as tooth grinding data that anticipates the amount of grinding of the tooth surface. This enclosure data is stored in the storage area CRsc (I, J) of the corresponding tooth thickness number ITA in step 5DI2.
Store it in CL s c (I, J) and set the tooth thickness number ITA.
Change the development state value Fcs to 1″ value,
finish.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, when cutting a large number of work gears W..., the shaving cutter A is transferred to the gear cutting machine 2, and the meshing rotation of the shaving cutter A and the work gear W as shown in FIG. As a result, the work gear W is cut into the standard tooth surface shape by the cutting edge groove A+.

Each time the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A wears down as the work gear W is cut, the south surface of the shaving cutter A wears out.

The shaving cutter A is re-grinded several times (approximately 30 times) from when it was new to when it was discarded.

In that case, the tooth thickness of the shaving cutter A becomes thinner each time it is reground, and the target tooth flank shape of the shaving cutter A that can cut the work gear W into the standard tooth flank shape also changes accordingly. However, the tooth thickness Em (lIT=1.2−
) storage area for each CRs c (LJ), CLs c
In (I, J), enclosure data that can cut the work gear W into a standard tooth surface shape is stored in advance.

As a result, prior to re-grinding the shaving cutter A, the tooth surface condition (tooth thickness) of the shaving cutter A is measured, the enclosure data with the tooth thickness number ITC closest to this actual measurement value is called, and then the above-mentioned call is performed. When the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A is ground with the cutter grinding machine 1 based on the enclosure data, the tooth surface of the shaving cutter A is ground to the target tooth surface shape of the cutter corresponding to the enclosure data. When A is moved by the gear cutting machine 2 and the work gear W is automatically cut, the work gear W is well cut into a substantially standard tooth surface shape.

Moreover, the enclosure data that is set and stored in advance for each tooth thickness is based on the tooth flank shape error ERs w (I,
J), EL s w (I, J), the initial value corrected by An error corresponding to the grinding allowance by the grinding wheel 1a of the grinding machine 1 does not occur, and the tooth surface shape of the work gear W can be cut into the target shape with higher precision.

Therefore, when re-grinding the shaving cutter A, the tooth surface shape can be easily and quickly automatically ground without requiring human touch or a high degree of skill, and the standard m-surface shape of the work gear W can be ground. It is possible to ensure high enclosure accuracy of the shaving cutter A obtained regardless of its tooth surface condition (wall thickness)b.In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of errors due to the tooth surface grinding allowance in the cutter grinder 1, and to improve the accuracy of the work gear. The cutting accuracy of W can be further improved.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, when re-grinding the tooth surface of a shaving cutter every time it wears out and reusing it multiple times, the work gear can be cut into a standard tooth surface shape in advance. The enclosure data of the shaving cutter is set for each tooth surface condition such as tooth thickness, the tooth surface condition of the shaving cutter is measured before re-grinding, and the enclosure data recalled corresponding to the tooth surface condition is set. Since the shaving cutter is automatically re-ground based on the shaving cutter, even if the tooth thickness changes each time the shaving cutter is re-ground, the tooth surface shape can be re-ground so that the work gear can always be accurately cut regardless of the tooth thickness. , re-grinding work can be performed easily and in a short time, and high accuracy of the shaving cutter enclosure can be ensured.

Furthermore, since the occurrence of errors due to re-grinding of the shaving cutter A is prevented by taking into account the grinding allowance of - times in the preset and stored shaving cutter enclosure data, it is possible to cut the work gear with even higher precision.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing how the shaving cutter is ground, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the meshing state of the shaving cutter and the work gear. , FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part showing the cutting edge groove of the shaving cutter, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of lattice points on the tooth surface. Figures 6 to 10 show the grinding flow of the shaving cutter.
Figure [,l, Figure 8 is the flow of preparing the container preparation work, Figure 9 is the trial grinding flow, Figure 10 is 1
- It is a diagram showing a real estate saving flow. ]...Cutter grinder, 2...Gear grinder, 3...
Three-dimensional measuring instrument, 7...system control computer,
A...Shaving cutter, W...Work gear. Figure 4 Δ (En-Big Car Tsuta) Figure 2 - Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A shaving cutter tooth grinding method in which the tooth surface of a shaving cutter that cuts a work gear is repeatedly re-ground several times each time the tooth surface of the shaving cutter is worn out due to cutting of the work gear, the method comprising: Determine multiple initial values according to the tooth surface condition within the usable range of the cutter, set multiple tooth grinding data corrected in anticipation of the amount of tooth surface grinding to each initial value, and then A shaving cutter tooth characterized in that the tooth surface condition of the shaving cutter is measured, tooth grinding data close to the measured value is called, and the tooth surface of the shaving cutter is then ground based on the called tooth grinding data. Sharpening method.