JPS63248692A - Cushioning device for container - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a shock absorbing device for alleviating impact force applied to a container.

(Prior Art and its Problems) Containers, which serve as containers for transporting, handling, and storing products, need to protect the cargo and the container body from various vibrations and shocks during the transportation process and cargo handling process.

Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-90952, the present applicant proposes that the vertical cross section is annular, shape resistance due to buckling deformation of both sides during compression due to load, and compression resistance in the flat state after buckling. and a buffer member made of an elastic material that can absorb impact energy in the vertical direction of the container.
We proposed a container shock absorber that is fixed to the corner fittings of the container.

However, in the case of this device, the load including the maximum total weight of the container is applied directly only to the cushioning material, and the load remains on the cushioning material while the container is being transported, causing material fatigue. However, there are still problems that need to be resolved in terms of durability.

In addition, there is an invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-50588, for example, which improves the container itself to reduce impact. In this invention, the legs of a container and a male tightening device for tightening the container to a vehicle are attached so as to be slidable in the vertical direction via an elastic material such as a spring. Because it is fixed to the legs (corner fittings) of the container, this does not pose a problem for rail cargo shipping containers that do not have multiple stacks, but international complex
In a place where, for example, eight stacks are expected, such as a large container for trans-transportation, the same problem as the above-mentioned invention related to the applicant's previous application arises. Moreover, the shock absorbing device disclosed in this publication must be incorporated during the manufacturing process of the container itself, and therefore cannot be attached to an existing container. Furthermore, in the case of international large containers, there is only a free space of, for example, about 1 cm in the corner fittings, so it is technically impossible to incorporate the above-mentioned device.

(Purpose) In view of the problems faced by the prior art, the present invention alleviates the impact force in the vertical direction during container loading and land transportation, and can be used repeatedly for multi-tier stacking in marine transportation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a container shock absorbing device that can be easily attached to an existing container.

(Structure) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention includes an impact-receiving rod on the girder or beam forming the frame edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the container, and the acting force applied to the tip of the impact-receiving rod is buffered by compression resistance. A plurality of shock absorbing members consisting of a shock absorbing body and a shock absorbing body were fixed in such a way that the shock receiving rods were positioned in the vertical direction of the container, and the tips of the shock receiving rods when not compressed protruded from the outer surface of the corner fittings of the container. It is characterized by points.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below based on the illustrated example.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a container equipped with a shock absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 in the figure is the main body of an international large container, the floor surface 2 of which is provided with a lowered part 3a and a lower beam 4a forming a frame edge, and the roof surface thereof is provided with a raised part 3b and an upper beam 4b, respectively. Lower corner fittings 5 and upper corner fittings 6 are fixed to these four corners for cargo handling, stacking, tightening, or securing.

The lower beam 4a located in the transverse direction of the floor surface 2 has a U-shaped cross section in which the lower surface is shorter than the upper surface, and this lower surface is slightly higher than the bottom surface of the lower limit fitting 5. positioned. A total of four shock absorber main bodies 7 shown in FIG.
pcs installed.

This shock absorber main body 7 is composed of a small dashpot 8, and the cylinder part 10 is installed with the tip of the impact receiving rod 9 facing down in the space formed by the lower surface, upper surface, and side surface of the lower beam 4a. It can be mounted by fixing it so that it can slide in the vertical direction using a metal fitting 11.

The impact receiving rod 9 has a hemispherical tip and protrudes approximately 40 mm from the bottom surface of the lower corner fitting 5. When the containers 1 are stacked in two tiers, the impact receiving rod 9 is shaped like a hemisphere as shown in FIG. slides by an effective stroke, and the lower corner fitting 5 of the upper container and the upper corner fitting 6 of the lower container come into contact.

Incidentally, reference numeral 12 in the figure indicates a spacer such as rubber interposed between the base of the cylinder 10 and the upper surface of the lower beam 4a.

When this container 1 is lowered by a lifting device or the like, the impact receiving rod 9 of the shock absorber main body 7 first touches the ground.
Kinetic energy corresponding to the total weight of the container 1 and the descending speed of the lifting device is applied to the shock absorbing device main body 7 via the impact receiving rod 9. This impact energy is absorbed by the compression resistance and throttling effect of the fluid in the closed cylinder that occurs with the effective stroke displacement of the impact receiving rod 9.

This effective stroke is determined as follows. First, the impact load on the shock absorber main body 7 accompanying the descent of the container 1 is absorbed by the energy of the moving container as energy due to the damping effect of the fluid inside the cylinder due to the displacement of the impact receiving rod 9. Therefore, it is theoretically required. Therefore, by ensuring a sufficiently large displacement of the impact receiving rod 9, the impact load applied to the shock absorber main body 7 can be significantly reduced, and thereby an appropriate effective stroke of the impact receiving rod 9 can be determined. However, as will be described later, when the containers 1 are stacked, a gap will be created between the lower beam 4a of the upper container and the upper beam 4b of the lower container, as shown in FIG. Since the above-mentioned gap is generated, it is actually necessary to set this effective stroke to be slightly longer in accordance with the above-mentioned gap.

When the impact receiving rod 9 advances to the position of the bottom surface of the lower corner fitting 5, the lower corner fitting 5 comes into contact with the ground, and the maximum total weight of the container 1 is then supported at this portion. Therefore, in this state, the fluid returns to the shock absorber main body 7, so that no repulsive force acts on the impact receiving rod 9. Therefore, when the container 1 is completely in contact with the ground, the shock absorber main body 7 is not working, and its durability is improved, unlike the conventional shock absorber body 7 which is constantly subjected to acting force.

When the containers 1 are stacked in multiple tiers, as shown in FIG. 3, the impact receiving rod 9 is pressed by the upper beam 4b of the lower container, and the impact is alleviated by the same action as described above. After this, the lower corner fitting 5 of the upper container and the upper corner fitting 6 of the lower container
comes into contact. The load on the shock absorber main body 7 is at its maximum at this time and does not increase any further. Therefore, the impact receiving rod 9 is not displaced by the length that protrudes from the bottom surface of the lower corner fitting 5, but in this case, the impact receiving rod 9 is displaced by the distance between the bottom surface of the lower corner fitting 5 of the upper container and the upper beam 4b of the lower container. It becomes a state where there is no displacement.

4 and 5 show other embodiments of the present invention,
In this embodiment, the structure of the shock absorber main body attached to the lower beam 4a is different.

The shock absorber main body 27 is hollow inside and is made of an elastic material such as rubber, which has enough wall pressure to buckle and deform, and has a sufficient shock absorbing force, and has rigid plates 2 on the upper and lower surfaces.
8 is inside or fixed. An impact receiving rod 29 is vertically provided on the lower plate.

Since this shock absorber main body 27 utilizes the compression resistance of an elastic material rather than the compression resistance of a fluid, in order to compensate for the lack of reaction force per piece, there are There are 3 of them, 12 in total.

When the tip of the impact receiving rod 29 receives a pressing force, the acting force is transmitted to the shock absorber 30, and both sides of the shock absorber 30 undergo buckling deformation, and the accompanying compressive deformation resistance absorbs the impact energy. (See Figure 5). When the lower corner fitting 5 is grounded or in contact with the upper surface of the upper corner fitting 6, the load of the container is supported by the corner fitting, so no load is applied to the shock absorber main body 27, and the shock absorber using an elastic material Even though the body size is 30, it has a long lifespan.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a relatively inexpensive shock absorbing device compared to the above-described embodiments.

In the embodiment described above, the shock absorber main body 27 is attached to the lower beam 4a of the container.
The shock absorber main body may be attached to the lowered 3a, the upper beam 4b, or the raised 3b.

In the embodiments described above, the shock absorber main body is attached to the lower beam of the container, but of course the present invention may also be adapted to attach the shock absorber main body to a lower beam, an upper beam, or an upper beam.

Further, the number of shock absorber bodies can be selected as appropriate depending on the weight of the container and the like.

(Experiment example) By creating a similar model using the same material as the container and conducting a model experiment, the actual value of Contin was determined from the experimental values using the relationship of the law of similarity.

The similar model is the lower part of the container with the structure shown in Figure 6, including the lower part, and its size is 2/15 of the actual size, and other models whose length ratio is double or triple (small, I prepared 3 pieces (medium and large).

Each dimension is as shown in Table 1.

The experimental equipment consists of a lifting device that raises and lowers the lower digit via a rope using a continuously variable speed motor, a bridge box installed on the ground using an accelerometer fixed to the center of the lower digit model;
It consists of a distortion amplifier, a data coder, and a recording device connected and wired in this order.

The model was held horizontally with the above experimental device and lowered at a constant speed, and the impact force and natural frequency were measured from the shock waveform shown in Figure 7 at the time of landing and the values in Table 2 1 and Table 2 2. For, if the model length ratio is 2 times or 3 times, then 1/2,
1/3, and it was confirmed that the similarity law holds for each impact force with a certain degree of width in mind.

Through an experiment in which the above similarity rule was confirmed, dashpots (commercial product name ``Mini Buffer'') were attached to the four corners of the lower digit of the similar model, and each of the four stages (weak, medium-weak, medium-high, strong) When an experiment was conducted at a descending speed of Notch 3 (0.14 m/sec) for the case without a dashpot and the case without a dashpot, the shock waveform was as shown in Fig. 8. In addition, analysis tables for descent speed notches 2.3.4.5 in the same experiment are shown in Part 3 1 and Table 3 2.

From this, it can be seen that the dashpot was able to reduce the impact force by about 1/3.

"dα/v2" and "vσ" when no dashpot is installed and when the four-stage dashpot described above is installed.
/g'', the results of plotting are shown in the ninth section.
Shown in the graph of figure. Using this graph, it is possible to determine and predict the impact force for each descending speed. For example, Vσ/g
is 15, dα/y without dashpot
2 is 13.4X103, whereas in the case of strong dashbot, dα/y2 is 4.4X103.

From this, it can be seen that by setting the hydraulic shock absorber to the strong scale and using it, the impact force can be reduced to about 1/3.

Table 1 Table 2-2 Table 3-1 V-Uplift; East 1f (m/s) σ: Angular frequency (-2π
f) (Effects) As described above, according to the present invention, a buffer member is attached to the girder or beam of the container, and this buffer member reduces the acting force applied to the impact receiving rod and the tip of the rod into a compressive resistance. A plurality of impact receiving rods are fixed in such a manner that the impact receiving rods are located in the vertical direction of the container, and the tips of the impact receiving rods protrude from the outer surface of the corner fittings of the container when not compressed. As a result, the impact force in the vertical direction when loading a container can be reliably buffered by the shock absorber through the impact receiving rod, and when the corner fittings touch the ground or the lower corner fittings, the corner fittings Since the corner fittings are brought into contact with each other and the total weight of the container is supported by these corner fittings, no load is applied to the shock absorbing member at this point, making it possible to extend the life of the shock absorbing device as much as possible.

Further, according to the present invention, the buffer member is attached to the girder or beam of the container, and its structure is simple, so it has the advantage that it can be attached to an existing container as is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a container equipped with a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the shock absorber main body,
Figure 3 is an elevational view of the main body of the shock absorber in multi-tiered stacking.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber main body according to another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the main body. Figure 6 is an overall perspective view of the lower digit used in the model experiment, Figures 7 and 8 are diagrams showing the shock waveforms from the above experiment, and Figure 9 shows the case without a dashpot and the four stages described above. It is a graph showing the results of plotting "dα/■2" and "rVa/g" when a dashpot is attached. 1... Container body, 2... Floor surface, 3a... Lowered, 4a... Lower beam 3b... Raised, 4b... Lower beam, 5... Lower corner fitting, 6 ... Upper corner fitting, 7.27... Shock absorber body, 8. Dashpot, 9.29... Impact receiving rod, 10... Cylinder part, 30... Shock absorber patent applicant
Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Shigeki Ueda Figure 2 1F Figure 3

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A buffer member consisting of an impact receiving rod and a buffer body that buffers the acting force applied to the tip of the impact receiving rod by compressive resistance is installed on the girder or beam forming the frame edge of the upper and lower surfaces of the container. A shock absorbing device for a container, characterized in that a plurality of shock rods are fixed so as to be positioned in the vertical direction of the container, and the tips of the shock receiving rods when not compressed protrude from the outer surface of a corner fitting of the container. (2) The shock absorbing device for a container according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorbing member comprises a dashpot in which a piston rod reciprocates within a cylinder filled with fluid. (3) The shock absorbing member is formed by fixing a shock receiving rod to a buckling-deformable hollow shock absorbing body formed of an elastic material such as rubber. buffer body.