JPS6324806B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6324806B2
JPS6324806B2 JP54105999A JP10599979A JPS6324806B2 JP S6324806 B2 JPS6324806 B2 JP S6324806B2 JP 54105999 A JP54105999 A JP 54105999A JP 10599979 A JP10599979 A JP 10599979A JP S6324806 B2 JPS6324806 B2 JP S6324806B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
plate
biaxially oriented
molding
mold
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP54105999A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5630809A (en
Inventor
Hiroshi Kataoka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP10599979A priority Critical patent/JPS5630809A/en
Publication of JPS5630809A publication Critical patent/JPS5630809A/en
Publication of JPS6324806B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6324806B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は熱可塑性樹脂の2軸配向された板状成
形品の成形法に係る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for molding a biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded product of thermoplastic resin.

(従来の技術とその問題点) 熱可塑性樹脂の2軸配向された板状成形品は、
一般には1mm厚以下のシートとして製造されてい
る。1mm厚以下の2軸配向シートは、押出成形し
た原反シートを連続的に逐次あるいは同時に2軸
に引張ることにより容易に製造できる。しかし、
1mm厚以上の2軸配向シートは容易に製造できな
い。製造方法も米国Re24978等にわずかに示され
ているにすぎないし、その製造方法も複雑であ
り、改良された製造法が要求されている。
(Conventional technology and its problems) A biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded product of thermoplastic resin is
Generally, it is manufactured as a sheet with a thickness of 1 mm or less. A biaxially oriented sheet with a thickness of 1 mm or less can be easily produced by biaxially stretching an extruded raw sheet sequentially or simultaneously. but,
Biaxially oriented sheets with a thickness of 1 mm or more cannot be easily manufactured. The manufacturing method is only slightly described in US Re24978, etc., and the manufacturing method is complicated, so an improved manufacturing method is required.

2軸配向された熱可塑性樹脂シートは、無配向
シートに比べ、物理的性質及び化学的性質の著る
しい向上がある。特に衝撃強度の向上が著るし
い。2軸配向された熱可塑性樹脂の板状型物は従
来、米国Re24978等に示されている様な、2軸に
引張つて製造された2軸配向シートから削り出し
て製造されるのが一般的であり、その製造の煩雑
さ、製造コストの高さ等多くの問題点を含んでい
る。本発明はこれ等の問題点を解決したものであ
る。
Biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin sheets have significantly improved physical and chemical properties compared to non-oriented sheets. In particular, the improvement in impact strength is remarkable. Conventionally, biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin plate-shaped products are generally manufactured by cutting out biaxially oriented sheets produced by stretching them biaxially, as shown in U.S. Re24978, etc. However, there are many problems such as the complexity of manufacturing and the high manufacturing cost. The present invention solves these problems.

(問題点解決の手段) 本発明は、一対の薄い金型で熱可塑性樹脂の板
状素地をはさみ板状素地と薄い金型とを該樹脂の
ガラス転移温度以上に加熱し、冷却された圧縮機
に入れ板状素地と金型の界面には潤滑剤を存在せ
しめた状態で圧縮し該素地を2軸配向しつゝ冷却
することを特徴とする2軸配向された板状成形品
の成形法であり、2軸配向成形品を経済的に製造
する方法を提供する。
(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention involves sandwiching a thermoplastic resin plate-like base material between a pair of thin molds, heating the plate-like base material and the thin mold to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin, and then compressing the resin after cooling. Molding of a biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded product, which is characterized by compressing the plate-shaped substrate in a machine with a lubricant present at the interface between the plate-shaped substrate and the mold, and cooling the substrate while oriented biaxially. This method provides a method for economically producing biaxially oriented molded products.

図面の例を用いて本発明を説明する。 The invention will be explained using the example of the drawings.

第7図はPMMAの未延伸の成形品aと2軸延
伸した成形品bのS−S曲線を示す。(引用、
Kunststoff−Handbuch、Band IX、Carl
Hanser Verlag Munchen′75)2軸延伸するこ
とにより伸びが増大する。成形品のタフネスは張
力と伸びにより形成される面積に比例し、伸びが
増大することはそれだけタフネスが増大すること
を意味する。第8図は同様に延伸倍率と繰返し落
錘衝撃強度の関係を示し、150%延伸することに
より衝撃強度は6倍に増大する。この様に2軸延
伸することにより著るしい物性改良ができる。特
にPMMA、ポリスチレン等の脆い樹脂ではタフ
ネス改良が著るしい。
FIG. 7 shows SS curves of an unstretched PMMA molded product a and a biaxially stretched molded product b. (Quote,
Kunststoff−Handbuch, Band IX, Carl
Hanser Verlag Munchen'75) Biaxial stretching increases elongation. The toughness of a molded article is proportional to the area formed by tension and elongation, and an increase in elongation means an increase in toughness. FIG. 8 similarly shows the relationship between the stretching ratio and the repeated falling weight impact strength, and by stretching 150%, the impact strength increases six times. Biaxial stretching in this manner can significantly improve physical properties. In particular, the toughness improvement is remarkable for brittle resins such as PMMA and polystyrene.

2軸配向された熱可塑性樹脂の厚さが1mm以上
のシートは、従来容易に成形できないとされてき
た。わずかな量の2軸配向PMMAが生産されて
いるが、2軸に引張ることにより製造されてお
り、非常に高価であり、飛行機の防風ガラス用に
わずかに用いられているにすぎない。現在用いら
れている2軸配向された厚手のシートの一般的な
成形法の原理を第9図9A,9Bに示した。図9
Aに於て、あらかじめ成形された厚い素地1aを
クランプ治具2でつかみ、一定の延伸温度で2軸
方向に引張ることにより図9Bに示される2軸延
伸シート1bを成形する。第9図に示す方法で
は、素地の温度調節が重要であり、クランプ治具
2でクランプされる部分の温度は低く、延伸され
る部分は均一に加熱することが必要であり、成形
後に延伸された部分だけを切り出して用いる。こ
のため、成形に時間がかゝり、素地から得られる
延伸された成形品の割合も少ない。
It has been conventionally believed that sheets of biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin with a thickness of 1 mm or more cannot be easily molded. A small amount of biaxially oriented PMMA is produced, but it is produced by biaxial stretching, is very expensive, and is only marginally used for airplane windshields. The principle of a general forming method for biaxially oriented thick sheets currently used is shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. Figure 9
In step A, the preformed thick base material 1a is gripped with the clamp jig 2 and stretched in biaxial directions at a constant stretching temperature to form the biaxially stretched sheet 1b shown in FIG. 9B. In the method shown in Fig. 9, temperature control of the substrate is important, and the temperature of the part clamped by the clamping jig 2 is low, and the part to be stretched needs to be heated uniformly. Cut out and use only the cut part. For this reason, molding takes time and the proportion of stretched molded products obtained from the base material is also small.

第1図は本発明に用いた圧縮成形工程の説明図
である。第1図に於て、厚い素地1を該素地のガ
ラス転位温度以上に加熱した圧縮型3ではさみ、
素地をガラス転位温度以上、溶融点までの一定の
延伸温度まで加熱した後圧縮する。この時、素地
1の表面に、あるいは及び型の素地と接する表面
に潤滑剤を塗布し、素地が圧縮される時に素地の
表面に潤滑剤を存在せしめると矢印4で示すよう
に素地の厚みの各部分がほゞ平行に延伸され、均
一な2軸配向したシート5が得られる。潤滑剤を
用いないで圧縮すると、矢印6で示すように素地
の内核部だけが延伸されることになり、不均一な
2軸配向シート7が得られる。型キヤビテイを有
する圧縮型を用いると圧縮型の形状により、2軸
配向された各種の板状成形品が得られる。第2図
2A〜2Eに本発明に述べる2軸配向された板状
成形品の例を示した。第2図2Aは平板であり一
般のグレージング用等に使用できる。2Bは球面
板であり安全メガネの度なしレンズ等に使用でき
る。2Cはレンズ状板であり、2Dは半球状の型
物で天窓等に使用できる。2Eは平板状の型物で
あり、自動車のグレージング等に使用できる。本
発明に述べる板状成形品とは第2図に示す様に、
平板状のものの他に曲面板状、肉厚の変動のある
もの等も含むものとする。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the compression molding process used in the present invention. In FIG. 1, a thick substrate 1 is sandwiched between compression molds 3 heated to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the substrate,
The substrate is heated to a certain stretching temperature above the glass transition temperature and up to the melting point, and then compressed. At this time, if a lubricant is applied to the surface of the substrate 1 or the surface of the mold that is in contact with the substrate, and the lubricant is present on the surface of the substrate when the substrate is compressed, the thickness of the substrate will decrease as shown by arrow 4. Each portion is stretched substantially parallel to obtain a uniform biaxially oriented sheet 5. When compressed without using a lubricant, only the inner core of the substrate is stretched as shown by arrow 6, resulting in a non-uniform biaxially oriented sheet 7. When a compression mold having a mold cavity is used, various biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded products can be obtained depending on the shape of the compression mold. FIGS. 2A to 2E show examples of biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded products according to the present invention. 2A is a flat plate and can be used for general glazing. 2B is a spherical plate and can be used for non-prescription lenses of safety glasses, etc. 2C is a lens-shaped plate, and 2D is a hemispherical plate that can be used for skylights, etc. 2E is a flat plate type product and can be used for automobile glazing, etc. The plate-shaped molded product described in the present invention is as shown in Figure 2.
In addition to flat plate shapes, it also includes curved plate shapes and those with varying wall thickness.

圧縮成形による2軸配向では素地のガラス転位
温度以上に加熱した圧縮型で素材を圧縮すること
により、2軸配向された板状成形品を得るもので
あるが、2軸配向された板状成形品はガラス転位
温度以上では収縮しようとするため、圧縮型より
該成形品を取り出す時には、圧縮型の中で成形品
を冷却させた後取り出すことが必要である。
In biaxial orientation by compression molding, a biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded product is obtained by compressing the material with a compression mold heated above the glass transition temperature of the base material. Since the product tends to shrink at temperatures above the glass transition temperature, when removing the molded product from the compression mold, it is necessary to cool the molded product in the compression mold before taking it out.

すなわち、一般的には圧縮型の加熱−冷却をく
り返して行うことが必要であり、このため加熱−
冷却に時間がかゝり、成形効率が悪く、更にエネ
ルギーを多量に消費することになる。本発明は、
この成形時間を短縮し、省エネルギー化を行い、
成形効率を改善した成形法である。
In other words, it is generally necessary to repeat heating and cooling of the compression type, and therefore
Cooling takes time, molding efficiency is poor, and a large amount of energy is consumed. The present invention
By shortening this molding time and saving energy,
This is a molding method with improved molding efficiency.

本発明を第3〜6図の例を用いてさらに詳細に
説明する。第3図に於て、一対の薄い型18に樹
脂素地19を入れ、あらかじめ型18及び素地1
9を該樹脂のガラス転位温度以上に加熱してお
き、3Aに示したそれを3Bに示すように冷却さ
れた圧縮機20に設置して直ちに圧縮することに
より成形する。すなわち型18は冷却された圧縮
機に接して直ちに冷却をはじめるが、冷却速度と
圧縮速度を調節することにより成形できる。型の
冷却速度を調節するため型18と圧縮機20の間
に薄い断熱材21を置いたり、あるいは圧縮機2
0の温度を適度に調節することが有効である。
The present invention will be explained in more detail using examples shown in FIGS. 3 to 6. In FIG. 3, a resin base material 19 is placed in a pair of thin molds 18, and the molds 18 and base material 1 are placed in advance.
9 is heated above the glass transition temperature of the resin, and the resin shown in 3A is placed in a cooled compressor 20 as shown in 3B and immediately compressed to form the resin. That is, the mold 18 comes into contact with the cooled compressor and starts cooling immediately, but molding can be performed by adjusting the cooling rate and compression rate. In order to adjust the cooling rate of the mold, a thin heat insulating material 21 is placed between the mold 18 and the compressor 20, or the compressor 2
It is effective to adjust the temperature at 0 appropriately.

第4図は、PMMA樹脂の素材の厚みと延伸倍
率との関係を示す。7.5cm×7.5cmで各種厚みの
PMMA板を120℃で、25トン及び50トンの圧縮力
で圧縮し、その延伸倍率を測定した。圧縮時間が
長い程、圧縮力が大きい程、素材の厚みが厚い程
それぞれ延伸倍率は大きくなる。
FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the thickness of the PMMA resin material and the stretching ratio. 7.5cm x 7.5cm with various thicknesses
PMMA plates were compressed at 120°C with compression forces of 25 tons and 50 tons, and the stretching ratios were measured. The longer the compression time, the greater the compression force, and the thicker the material, the greater the stretching ratio.

第5図及び第6図は、一定の延伸倍率の成形品
を得ようとする場合、素材の厚みと必要な圧縮圧
力との関係を示す。素材の厚みが薄くなると必要
な圧縮力は大きくなる。5mm以下の厚みの素材を
用いると著るしく高い圧縮力を必要とする。2軸
配向成形品の2軸配向の効果を十分に出すには、
第8図に示した例でも明らかな様に、一般に1.5
倍以上、好ましくは2倍以上の延伸が必要であ
る。この様なことから5mm以上の素材を用いるこ
とが本発明では必要であり、2軸配向後の成形品
の厚みが1mm以上の板状成形品の成形に特に適し
た成形法である。
FIGS. 5 and 6 show the relationship between the thickness of the material and the necessary compression pressure when trying to obtain a molded product with a constant stretching ratio. As the thickness of the material decreases, the required compressive force increases. Using materials with a thickness of 5 mm or less requires significantly higher compression forces. To get the full effect of biaxial orientation of biaxially oriented molded products,
As is clear from the example shown in Figure 8, generally 1.5
It is necessary to stretch the film by a factor of at least 2 times, preferably 2 times or more. For this reason, it is necessary in the present invention to use a material with a thickness of 5 mm or more, and this molding method is particularly suitable for molding a plate-shaped molded product having a thickness of 1 mm or more after biaxial orientation.

本発明に述べる潤滑剤とは、樹脂と型の間にあ
つて樹脂の滑りを良くするもので、シリコーン油
や一般の射出成形の型に使用される離型剤等が良
好に使用できる。型表面を加熱するため加熱状態
で安定な潤滑剤が好ましい。潤滑剤は型に塗布し
ても良いし、あるいは及び板状素地表面に塗布し
ても良い。塗布量は潤滑剤のついた布で拭く程度
の量で良い。
The lubricant mentioned in the present invention is a substance that is present between the resin and the mold and improves the slippage of the resin, and silicone oil, a mold release agent used in general injection molding molds, etc. can be used satisfactorily. Since the mold surface is heated, a lubricant that is stable under heating is preferred. The lubricant may be applied to the mold or to the surface of the plate-like substrate. The amount to be applied should be the same as wiping with a lubricated cloth.

本発明では、板状素地をガラス転位温度以上、
溶融点までの温度で圧縮して2軸配向させる。該
温度は、一般に行われている第9図に示す様な引
張延伸の温度で成形できるが、好ましくは引張延
伸の温度より10〜20℃低いところで成形される。
In the present invention, the plate-like base material has a glass transition temperature or higher,
It is compressed at a temperature up to its melting point to achieve biaxial orientation. The molding can be carried out at a commonly used tensile stretching temperature as shown in FIG. 9, but preferably at a temperature 10 to 20° C. lower than the tensile stretching temperature.

本発明に述べる熱可塑性樹脂とは、一般に使用
できる熱可塑性樹脂が全て使用できる。特に、ポ
リメチルメタアクリレート、ポリスチレン、スチ
レン−アクリロニトリル共重合体、ポリカーボネ
ート等の透明な硬質樹脂は良好に使用できる。更
に本発明では熱可塑性樹脂にガラス繊維、アスベ
スト、炭酸カルシウム等の添加剤を加えることが
できる。ガラス繊維が配合された樹脂を用いると
2軸延伸によりガラス繊維も2軸配向し、著るし
く強度の改良された成形品が得られる。
As the thermoplastic resin mentioned in the present invention, all generally usable thermoplastic resins can be used. In particular, transparent hard resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and polycarbonate can be used favorably. Furthermore, in the present invention, additives such as glass fiber, asbestos, calcium carbonate, etc. can be added to the thermoplastic resin. When a resin containing glass fibers is used, the glass fibers are also biaxially oriented by biaxial stretching, resulting in a molded product with significantly improved strength.

本発明に述べる板状素地は、一般に使用されて
いる押出成形法、圧縮成形法、射出成形法等によ
り成形される。
The plate-like base material described in the present invention is molded by commonly used extrusion molding methods, compression molding methods, injection molding methods, and the like.

本発明法で成形される2軸配向板状成形品は各
種の用途に使用できる。例えば車輛のグレージン
グ材として良好に使用できる。自動車では燃料費
節減のため車体の軽量化が強く要求されている。
そのためグレージング材の樹脂化が検討されてお
り、薄くて強度の高い板状型物が要求されてお
り、本発明法で成形される型物は良好にこの様な
用途に使用できる。
The biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded product formed by the method of the present invention can be used for various purposes. For example, it can be used satisfactorily as a glazing material for vehicles. There is a strong demand for lighter vehicle bodies in order to reduce fuel costs.
For this reason, the use of resin as a glazing material is being considered, and there is a demand for thin, high-strength plate-shaped molded products, and the molded products molded by the method of the present invention can be satisfactorily used for such applications.

(発明の効果) 圧縮成形による2軸配向では一般的には前記の
通り圧縮型の加熱−冷却をくり返して行うことが
必要であり、このため加熱−冷却に時間がかゝ
り、成形効率が悪く、更にエネルギーを多量に消
費することになる。本発明は、この成形時間を短
縮し、省エネルギー化を行い、成形効率を改善し
た成形法を提供する。
(Effects of the Invention) Biaxial orientation by compression molding generally requires repeated heating and cooling of the compression mold as described above, and therefore heating and cooling takes time, reducing molding efficiency. This is bad and consumes a lot of energy. The present invention provides a molding method that shortens the molding time, saves energy, and improves molding efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に用いた圧縮成形工程を説明す
る略図、第2図2A,2B,2C,2D,2Eは
本発明の2軸配向の板状成形品5種を示す斜視図
及び断面図である。第3図は本発明の成形法を示
す。第4図、第5図及び第6図は本発明の圧縮成
形に於て熱可塑性樹脂の素材厚さを変えた場合の
延伸倍率の結果を示すグラフである。第7図は
PMMAのS−S曲線図、第8図は同樹脂の延伸
倍率と落錘衝撃強度との関係曲線図、第9図は従
来の2軸配向シートの製造工程略図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram explaining the compression molding process used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a sectional view showing five types of biaxially oriented plate-shaped molded products of the present invention. It is. FIG. 3 shows the molding method of the present invention. FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are graphs showing the results of the stretching ratio when the thickness of the thermoplastic resin material was changed in the compression molding of the present invention. Figure 7 is
An SS curve diagram of PMMA, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the stretching ratio and falling weight impact strength of the same resin, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of a conventional biaxially oriented sheet.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 一対の薄い金型で熱可塑性樹脂の板状素地を
はさみ板状素地と薄い金型とを該樹脂のガラス転
移温度以上に加熱し、冷却された圧縮機に入れ板
状素地と金型の界面に潤滑剤を存在せしめた状態
で圧縮し該素地を2軸配向しつゝ冷却することを
特徴とする2軸配向された板状成形品の成形法。
1. Sandwich a thermoplastic resin plate base between a pair of thin molds, heat the plate base and the thin mold above the glass transition temperature of the resin, and place in a cooled compressor to separate the plate base and the mold. A method for forming a biaxially oriented plate-like molded product, which comprises compressing the material in the presence of a lubricant at the interface and cooling the material while oriented biaxially.
JP10599979A 1979-08-22 1979-08-22 Biaxially oriented platelike molding and molding method thereof Granted JPS5630809A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10599979A JPS5630809A (en) 1979-08-22 1979-08-22 Biaxially oriented platelike molding and molding method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10599979A JPS5630809A (en) 1979-08-22 1979-08-22 Biaxially oriented platelike molding and molding method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5630809A JPS5630809A (en) 1981-03-28
JPS6324806B2 true JPS6324806B2 (en) 1988-05-23

Family

ID=14422396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10599979A Granted JPS5630809A (en) 1979-08-22 1979-08-22 Biaxially oriented platelike molding and molding method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5630809A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3133897A1 (en) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-10 Deutsche Solvay-Werke Gmbh, 5650 Solingen "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PLASTIC PANELS, FILMS, COATINGS, STRIPS, RODS, MOLDED PARTS, OBJECTS OR PROFILES OF HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH FROM THERMOPLASTICS"
JPS58171918A (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-08 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Tough acryl sheet
JPS60190331A (en) * 1984-03-12 1985-09-27 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Acrylic resin film and sheet biaxially oriented to high extent
EP1223023A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-07-17 Zahir Bashir Method of solventless processing PAN homopolymers or high acrylonitrile content PAN copolymers
WO2020100591A1 (en) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-22 住友化学株式会社 Molded article and method for producing same

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55100138A (en) * 1979-01-23 1980-07-30 Ube Nitto Kasei Kk Polyester rolled spread band and its manufacture

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55100138A (en) * 1979-01-23 1980-07-30 Ube Nitto Kasei Kk Polyester rolled spread band and its manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5630809A (en) 1981-03-28

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