JPS6324256B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6324256B2 JPS6324256B2 JP56073970A JP7397081A JPS6324256B2 JP S6324256 B2 JPS6324256 B2 JP S6324256B2 JP 56073970 A JP56073970 A JP 56073970A JP 7397081 A JP7397081 A JP 7397081A JP S6324256 B2 JPS6324256 B2 JP S6324256B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- anode rod
- anode
- corrosion
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/02—Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、温水ボイラ等における缶体に対し流
電アノード方式によるカソード防食を行うべく、
該缶体に挿入される防食用アノード棒の消耗度を
検出するようにした防食用アノード棒の消耗検出
装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides cathodic corrosion protection for can bodies in hot water boilers, etc. using a galvanic anode method.
The present invention relates to an anti-corrosion anode rod wear detection device that detects the degree of wear of the anti-corrosion anode rod inserted into the can body.
一般に、流電アノード方式によるカソード防食
法は、防食電位に保持するのに必要な電流を他の
活性金属の溶解によつて得る方法である。例え
ば、温水ボイラ等における缶体にアノード棒とし
て例えば防食用マグネシウム棒を挿入して該缶体
内の貯溜水に浸漬させ、該マグネシウム棒の溶解
により缶体を構成する鉄等の溶出を防止すること
により、缶体の防食を行うものである。 In general, cathodic corrosion protection using a galvanic anode method is a method in which the current necessary to maintain a corrosion protection potential is obtained by dissolving other active metals. For example, an anti-corrosion magnesium rod, for example, is inserted as an anode rod into the can body of a hot water boiler, etc., and immersed in the water stored in the can body, and the dissolution of the magnesium rod prevents the elution of iron, etc. constituting the can body. This prevents corrosion of the can body.
しかるに、前記防食用アノード棒は缶体に挿入
されるものであるため、該アノード棒の溶解によ
る消耗度（減少度）が外部から判らず、そのた
め、交換時期の判断ができず、アノード棒の消耗
により防食効果が得られない時期が生じる場合が
あり、缶体防食を効果的に行うことができないと
いう問題がある。 However, since the anti-corrosion anode rod is inserted into the can body, the degree of wear (reduction) due to melting of the anode rod cannot be seen from the outside, and therefore it is not possible to determine when it is time to replace the anode rod. There may be a period when the anticorrosion effect cannot be obtained due to wear and tear, and there is a problem that corrosion protection cannot be effectively performed on the can body.
そこで、本発明は斯かる点に鑑みてなされたも
ので、防食用アノード棒の溶解時に通じる電流値
が、該アノード棒の表面積に比例することを利用
し、溶解によりアノード棒の表面積が減少して交
換時期に至つたとき、すなわちアノード棒の溶解
時に通じる電流値が所定電流値以下になつてとき
に、ランプ等の消耗報知手段を作動させるように
することにより、アノード棒の交換時期を容易に
判断し得るようにし、よつて適切な時期での交換
により缶体防食を効果的に行い得るようにした防
食用アノード棒の消耗検出装置を提供せんとする
ものである。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of this point, and utilizes the fact that the current value that flows when melting an anticorrosive anode rod is proportional to the surface area of the anode rod, so that the surface area of the anode rod decreases due to melting. By activating a consumption alarm means such as a lamp when it is time to replace the anode rod, that is, when the current value that flows when the anode rod is melted becomes less than a predetermined current value, it is easy to determine when the anode rod should be replaced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wear-out detection device for an anode rod for corrosion prevention, which can determine whether the anode rod is worn out and can thereby effectively protect the can body from corrosion by replacing the rod at an appropriate time.
すなわち、本発明は、缶体に挿入された防食用
アノード棒の溶解時に通じる電流を検出する電流
検出回路と、該電流検出回路からの出力電圧と設
定電圧値とを比較し設定電圧値以下のときに消耗
信号を出力する比較回路と、該比較回路の消耗信
号により作動する消耗報知手段とを備えてなるこ
とを特徴とするものである。 That is, the present invention includes a current detection circuit that detects the current flowing when the anticorrosion anode rod inserted into the can body is melted, and compares the output voltage from the current detection circuit with a set voltage value to determine whether the voltage is below the set voltage value. The present invention is characterized in that it includes a comparison circuit that sometimes outputs a consumption signal, and a consumption notification means that is activated by the consumption signal of the comparison circuit.
以下、本発明を図面に示す実施例に基づいて詳
細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
第１図において、１は温水ボイラ等における鉄
製の缶体であつて、該缶体１の内面は、例えば溶
融アルミニウムメツキ加工等の防食加工が施され
ているとともに、該缶体１には流電アノード方式
によるカソード防食用アノード棒２が挿入されて
該缶体１内の貯溜水に浸漬されている。該アノー
ド棒２は、第２図に拡大詳示するように、缶体１
に設けた挿入口３に螺合するネジ部４ａを有する
取付本体４に、ネジ部５ａを有する絶縁材５を介
して、缶体１内の貯溜水に浸漬されるマグネシウ
ム棒６が取付けられ、該マグネシウム棒６には絶
縁材５を貫通して導線７が設けられ、この導線７
は第１図に示されるように電流検出回路８を介し
て缶体１に接続されている。よつて、前記マグネ
シウム棒６が溶解して、防食被覆を構成するアル
ミニウム等の溶出を防止し、その防食加工を維持
して缶体１の腐食を防止するようになされてい
る。 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an iron can body for a hot water boiler or the like, and the inner surface of the can body 1 has been subjected to anti-corrosion processing such as molten aluminum plating, and the can body 1 has a non-corrosive finish. An anode rod 2 for cathodic corrosion protection using an electric anode method is inserted and immersed in the water stored in the can body 1. The anode rod 2 is attached to the can body 1, as shown in enlarged detail in FIG.
A magnesium rod 6, which is immersed in the water stored in the can body 1, is attached to the mounting body 4 having a threaded part 4a that is screwed into the insertion port 3 provided in the can body 1 via an insulating material 5 having a threaded part 5a. A conducting wire 7 is provided on the magnesium rod 6 passing through the insulating material 5, and this conducting wire 7
is connected to the can body 1 via a current detection circuit 8 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the magnesium rod 6 melts and prevents the aluminum and the like constituting the anticorrosion coating from leaching out, thereby maintaining the anticorrosion treatment and preventing corrosion of the can body 1.
そして、前記防食用アノード棒２の導線７と缶
体１との間には、本発明に係る消耗検出装置Ａが
接続されている。該消耗検出装置Ａは、第３図に
も示すように、前記電流検出回路８と増幅回路９
と比較回路１０と消耗報知手段１１とを備え、前
記電流検出回路８は、マグネシウム棒６と缶体１
とに接続されてマグネシウム棒６の溶解時に通じ
る電流がマグネシウム棒６から缶体１に到達する
電気回路を構成するとともに、その電流を抵抗
R1により電圧に変換して検出するものである。
また、前記増幅回路９は、前記電流検出回路８の
抵抗R1の端子電圧（出力電圧）をコンパレータ
１２により増幅するものであり、前記比較回路１
０は、該増幅回路９で増幅した電流検出回路８か
らの出力電圧と、可変抵抗R2および抵抗R3によ
り予め設定した前記アノード棒２の消耗時に通じ
る電流値に対応する設定電圧値VTとをコンパレ
ータ１３により比較し、その出力電圧が設定電圧
値VT以下のときに消耗信号を出力するものであ
る。さらに、前記消耗報知手段１１は発光ダイオ
ードにより構成され、前記比較回路１０の消耗信
号によりON作動する報知制御用トランジスタTr
のON作動に伴つて発光作動するものである。
尚、１４は絶縁トランス１５と整流器１６とから
なる直流電源である。 A wear detection device A according to the present invention is connected between the conductive wire 7 of the anticorrosive anode rod 2 and the can body 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the wear detection device A includes the current detection circuit 8 and the amplifier circuit 9.
The current detection circuit 8 includes a comparison circuit 10 and a consumption alarm means 11, and the current detection circuit 8 includes a magnesium rod 6 and a can body 1
The electric current that flows when the magnesium rod 6 is melted reaches the can body 1 from the magnesium rod 6, and the electric current is connected to the resistor.
It is detected by converting it into a voltage using R1 .
Further, the amplification circuit 9 amplifies the terminal voltage (output voltage) of the resistor R 1 of the current detection circuit 8 using a comparator 12 , and the comparison circuit 1
0 is a set voltage value V T corresponding to the output voltage from the current detection circuit 8 amplified by the amplifier circuit 9 and the current value that is set in advance when the anode rod 2 is consumed by the variable resistor R 2 and the resistor R 3 . The comparator 13 compares the output voltage with the set voltage value VT , and outputs a consumption signal when the output voltage is less than the set voltage value VT. Further, the wearout notification means 11 is constituted by a light emitting diode, and has a notification control transistor T r which is turned ON by the wearout signal from the comparison circuit 10 .
The light is emitted when the light is turned on.
Note that 14 is a DC power source consisting of an isolation transformer 15 and a rectifier 16.
次に、前記実施例の作動について説明すると、
マグネシウム棒６の溶解によつて缶体１の腐食が
防止される。その際、マグネシウム棒６の溶解に
より電流が該マグネシウム棒６から消耗検出装置
Ａの電流検出回路８を介して缶体１に通じ、前記
電流検出回路８により検出されて電圧に変換さ
れ、この電圧はさらに増幅回路９で増幅されたの
ち、比較回路１０で設定電圧値VTと比較される。
この場合、当初は、マグネシウム棒６の溶解によ
り通じる電流値がマグネシウム棒６の表面積に比
例して大きいために、設定電圧値VTより大きく、
したがつて比較回路１０から消耗信号は出力され
ず、報知制御用トランジスタTrはOFF作動した
ままであり、発光ダイオード１１は発光しない。
しかし、マグネシウム棒６の防食作用（すなわ
ち、ママグネシウム棒６は、例えば円柱体の場合
には先端側の外周表面ほど大きく消耗されて交換
時期に至ると、円柱体から円錐体へとなつてその
表面積が1/2（体積では1/3）になり、このマグネ
シウム棒６の溶解によつて通じる電流値がほぼ1/
２に小さくなるために、設定電圧値VTと比較され
る電圧は設定電圧値VTより小さくなる。このた
め、比較回路１０から消耗信号が出力されて報知
制御用トランジスタTrがON作動し、それに伴つ
て発光ダイオード１１が発光する。よつて、マグ
ネシウム棒６の交換必要時には発光ダイオード１
１の発光により、マグネシウム棒６が交換時期に
至つていることを容易に認識することができ、ひ
いては、適切な時期での交換により、缶体１の防
食を効果的に行うことができ、缶体１の耐久性の
向上を図ることができる。 Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.
By melting the magnesium rod 6, corrosion of the can body 1 is prevented. At this time, as the magnesium rod 6 is melted, a current flows from the magnesium rod 6 to the can body 1 via the current detection circuit 8 of the consumption detection device A, is detected by the current detection circuit 8, and is converted into a voltage. is further amplified by an amplifier circuit 9, and then compared with a set voltage value V T by a comparator circuit 10.
In this case, since the current value passed by melting the magnesium rod 6 is large in proportion to the surface area of the magnesium rod 6, it is initially larger than the set voltage value V T ;
Therefore, the comparison circuit 10 does not output a consumption signal, the notification control transistor T r remains turned off, and the light emitting diode 11 does not emit light.
However, the anticorrosion effect of the magnesium rod 6 (i.e., in the case of a cylindrical body, for example, the outer circumferential surface of the magnesium rod 6 on the tip side is worn out to a greater extent and when it is time to replace it, the magnesium rod 6 changes from a cylindrical body to a cone. The surface area becomes 1/2 (1/3 in terms of volume), and the current value that flows through the melting of this magnesium rod 6 is approximately 1/2.
2, the voltage compared with the set voltage value VT becomes smaller than the set voltage value VT . Therefore, a consumption signal is output from the comparison circuit 10, the notification control transistor T r is turned on, and the light emitting diode 11 emits light accordingly. Therefore, when the magnesium rod 6 needs to be replaced, the light emitting diode 1
1, it is easy to recognize that it is time to replace the magnesium rod 6, and by replacing it at an appropriate time, the can body 1 can be effectively protected from corrosion. The durability of the body 1 can be improved.
今、具体的に、防食用アノード棒２の消耗度
と、該アノード棒２の溶解時に通じる電流検出値
との関係を示すと、初期形状が直径21mmφ、長さ
400mmの円柱体のマグネシウム棒の場合、溶解に
より消耗して底面直径21mmφ、高さ400mmの円錐
体になると、つまり表面積で1/2に、体積で1/3に
なると、初期の電流検出値が約15mAの場合には
この溶解後の電流検出値は約8mAとなり、初期
の電流検出値が約8mAの場合には溶解後の電流
検出値は約4mAとなる。この電流検出値は、水
質による導電性の差異や機種による缶体１の対ア
ース面積（缶体表面積）の差異によつて変化する
が、同一条件であれば、アノード棒の消耗に応じ
て電流検出値が低下する特性を示し、アノード棒
の消耗度の検出が可能であることが実証される。 Now, specifically, to show the relationship between the degree of wear of the anti-corrosion anode rod 2 and the current detection value that is passed when the anode rod 2 is melted, the initial shape is 21 mmφ in diameter and 21 mm in length.
In the case of a 400mm cylindrical magnesium rod, when it is consumed by melting and becomes a cone with a bottom diameter of 21mmφ and a height of 400mm, that is, the surface area becomes 1/2 and the volume becomes 1/3, the initial current detection value will change. In the case of about 15 mA, the detected current value after dissolution is about 8 mA, and when the initial detected current value is about 8 mA, the detected current value after dissolution is about 4 mA. This current detection value varies depending on the conductivity due to the water quality and the difference in the grounding area (can body surface area) of the can body 1 depending on the model, but under the same conditions, the current value changes depending on the wear of the anode rod. It shows a characteristic that the detected value decreases, demonstrating that it is possible to detect the degree of wear of the anode rod.
尚、前記実施例では、缶体１の内面に防食加工
を施したものに対してマグネシウム棒６を用いて
流電アノード方式によるカソード防食を行うよう
にしたが、その他、マグネシウム棒６に代え、ア
ルミニウム、亜鉛等の鉄より卑なる金属で溶解速
度の大きいアノード棒を使用して、あるいは缶体
１の内面に防食加工を施さないものに対して流電
アノード方式によるカソード防食を行うようにし
たものに対しても適用することができるのは勿論
である。 In the above embodiment, the can body 1 whose inner surface has been anti-corrosion-treated is subjected to cathodic corrosion protection using a galvanic anode method using the magnesium rod 6, but in other cases, instead of the magnesium rod 6, Cathodic corrosion protection is performed using a galvanic anode method using an anode rod that is made of a metal baser than iron such as aluminum or zinc and has a high dissolution rate, or for cases where the inner surface of the can body 1 is not subjected to anti-corrosion treatment. Of course, it can also be applied to things.
また、前記アノード棒２を缶体１の上部に挿入
すると、空焚き時、缶体１の上部には水がないこ
とにより電流検出回路８に電流が通じず、その結
果、電流検出回路８からの出力電圧が設定電圧値
VT以下となつて発光ダイオード１１が発光する
ことにより、あるいは、温水ボイラ等の運転を停
止させることにより、空焚き検知回路として兼用
することが可能である。 In addition, when the anode rod 2 is inserted into the upper part of the can body 1, when the can body 1 is empty, the current does not flow through the current detection circuit 8 because there is no water in the upper part of the can body 1. The output voltage is the set voltage value
By causing the light emitting diode 11 to emit light when the temperature is lower than V T or by stopping the operation of a hot water boiler or the like, it can also be used as a dry heating detection circuit.
さらに、前記実施例では、消耗報知手段として
発光ダイオード１１を用いたが、その他、ランプ
や警報器等を用いることができるのは言うまでも
ない。 Further, in the embodiment described above, the light emitting diode 11 was used as the wear warning means, but it goes without saying that other lamps, alarms, etc. can also be used.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、防食用
アノード棒が交換時期に至つていることを容易に
認識することができるので、適切時期での交換に
より防食用アノード棒による缶体防食を効果的に
行うことができるものである。 As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily recognize that it is time to replace the anticorrosive anode rod, so that by replacing it at an appropriate time, the anticorrosive anode rod can effectively prevent corrosion of the can body. It is something that can be done.
図面は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図は全体概
略構成図、第２図は第１図の防食用アノード棒挿
入部付近の要部拡大断面図、第３図は消耗検出装
置の具体的回路図である。
１……缶体、２……防食用アノード棒、Ａ……
消耗検出装置、８……電流検出回路、１０……比
較回路、１１……消耗報知手段、VT……設定電
圧値。
The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part near the insertion part of the anticorrosion anode rod in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a specific example of the wear detection device. This is a typical circuit diagram. 1...Can body, 2...Anode rod for anticorrosion, A...
Consumption detection device, 8...Current detection circuit, 10...Comparison circuit, 11...Consumption alarm means, V T ...Set voltage value.
Claims (1)
解時に通じる電流を検出する電流検出回路８と、
該電流検出回路８からの出力電圧と設定電圧値
VTとを比較し設定電圧値VT以下のときに消耗信
号を出力する比較回路１０と、該比較回路１０の
消耗信号により作動する消耗報知手段１１とを備
えてなることを特徴とする防食用アノード棒の消
耗検出装置。1. A current detection circuit 8 that detects the current flowing when the anticorrosive anode rod 2 inserted into the can body 1 is melted;
Output voltage and set voltage value from the current detection circuit 8
The present invention is characterized by comprising a comparison circuit 10 that compares the voltage with V T and outputs a consumption signal when the voltage is less than or equal to a set voltage value VT , and a consumption notification means 11 that is activated by the consumption signal of the comparison circuit 10. Edible anode rod wear detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56073970A JPS57189054A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Detector for consumption of anode bar for corrosion prevention |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56073970A JPS57189054A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Detector for consumption of anode bar for corrosion prevention |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57189054A JPS57189054A (en) | 1982-11-20 |
| JPS6324256B2 true JPS6324256B2 (en) | 1988-05-19 |
Family
ID=13533442
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56073970A Granted JPS57189054A (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-05-15 | Detector for consumption of anode bar for corrosion prevention |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57189054A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61174393A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-08-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sacrificial anode material |
| JPS61174394A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-08-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sacrificial anode material |
| JP4589206B2 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2010-12-01 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Pipeline soundness evaluation device, soundness remote evaluation system, soundness evaluation method, soundness evaluation program |
| CN102373476B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2014-05-14 | 宁波帅康热水器有限公司 | Method for detecting consumption of anode bar of water heater and carrying out alarm indication |
| CN104833081A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-12 | 山东新基德电器有限公司 | Water heater having anode bar loss detection prompting function and control method thereof |
| JP2018096767A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-06-21 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Soil corrosiveness evaluation device |
-
1981
- 1981-05-15 JP JP56073970A patent/JPS57189054A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57189054A (en) | 1982-11-20 |
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