JPS63240781A - Thin film coating medium and culture process - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To culture a plant in high efficiency, by using a culture medium composed of a supporting member having a gap to enable the flow of a culture liquid and a thin film coating formed on the upper surface of the supporting member and supplying and discharging a culture component to the medium supporting member. CONSTITUTION:A piece of a young plant is introduced into a sterilized thin film coating medium in aseptic environment. The medium is composed of (A) a fluid medium 1 comprising e.g. synthetic resin particles, inorganic particles, small chips or cut pieces of cotton, pulp, rockwool or urethane and (B) a thin film coating 2 coating the surface of the fluid medium and comprising a gelling agent such as agar, agarose or carrageenan and a filmy material such as filter paper. A medium vessel 6a is provided with a discharging port 5 and a feeding port 4 and the supply, discharge and exchange of a culture liquid and gas, etc., and the washing of the medium, etc., are carried out through the above ports. The grown plant is transplanted to soil or hydroponic medium together with the fluid medium supporting member 1 or in a state separated from the supporting member.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a culture and growth medium using a culture medium and a culture and growth method.

<Conventional method> Plants are grown by culturing extrinsic plant pieces (hereinafter referred to as seedlings) such as plant cells, tissues, or organs, such as conventional plant shoot tip culture, callus culture, embryo culture, or decay culture. As a method for culturing, a fixed medium mainly using agar or the like as a bed material is used as the 5 medium, and this is cultured as a fixed medium in a test tube, petri dish, triangular container, etc. In addition to agar, the medium contains nutrients and hormones necessary for the young plant pieces to grow to a certain plant size. As the culture continues and the differentiation of plant cells and the formation of the plant body progresses, the cultured plants are sequentially transferred to new media, undergo an acclimatization stage, and are finally ready for normal plant cultivation. If grown in soil or hydroponically, they are transplanted to a hydroponic medium.

A fibrous medium such as rock wool is sometimes used as a medium in the latter stage of culture, and some methods have also been attempted in which a culture medium is supplied to a support material such as porous urethane.

Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> The conventional culture method using solid medium culture using agar or the like as described above has the following problems.

As the plant grows, nutrients and nutrients are released from the agar medium.
Moisture, dissolved oxygen, etc. are absorbed, resulting in a lack of culture components necessary for growth, which cannot be replenished. Furthermore, in the case of a solid medium, it is not possible to sequentially change the composition of the culture solution of the medium to the optimum one according to the growth of the plant.

On the other hand, growth-inhibiting substances such as exotoxins released by plants as they grow accumulate in the culture medium, inhibiting plant growth.

Methods to remove this include neutralization with activated carbon, but this causes dilution and adsorption of culture medium components.
The effective medium concentration will decrease.

As a countermeasure to these problems, from the cultivation of young plant fragments to the final transplantation of plants to regular soil or hydroponic cultivation sites, the plants should be successively transplanted to new media with different ingredients during the intermediate stage. There are also methods in place. However, this method not only requires a lot of time and effort, but also causes the problem of so-called transplant stress, which temporarily inhibits plant growth.

When transplanting a plant from a sterile state to a normal environment after it has grown to a certain level, the agar attached to the roots must be completely washed and removed. That is, if this removal is incomplete, the sugar contained in the agar will cause the contamination and proliferation of microorganisms such as mold and bacteria, which may seriously inhibit the growth of plants or cause them to die.

Although there have been attempts to use a medium support made of fibrous or porous material instead of an agar medium, the seedling pieces do not adhere well to the medium support, resulting in insufficient implantation.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional plant culture methods as described above. The purpose is to provide a method.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention focuses on the adhesion of a gel-like medium such as agar with seedling pieces, and compensates for its shortcomings as a fixed medium by supplying and exchanging culture components in a fluid manner. This was achieved by creating the system.

Structure of the present invention> The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

B. Thin film coating medium The medium of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, consists of a fluid culture medium support 1 and a thin film coating 2 coated thereon. Furthermore, if necessary, a device 3 for dispersing the culture solution is included as an accessory equipment.

(1) Fluidized medium support The fluidized medium support 1 of the present invention is made of a material that allows the medium components to flow and diffuse therein. things are available. The shape and size of the material are selected so that when the support is constructed including a medium, plant roots can grow sufficiently therein and the plant body can be supported. For example, synthetic resin particles used in various types of chromatography, inorganic particles such as ceramic beads and glass beads, or fine pieces or pieces processed into fine pieces of cotton, bulb, rock wool, urethane, etc., can be used. In addition,
In order to perform cultivation under sterile conditions, the material must be able to withstand sterilization.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fluid culture medium support 1 has
The above material is placed in a container 6a16b used as a culture medium. The initial culture solution may be impregnated into the material in advance, or may be supplied after being placed in a container.

As the culture solution, a usual basic medium, for example, a known medium such as Murashige-Skoog, White, Knudson, Linsmeyer-Skoog, Umiki-Kano, etc., or a modified medium thereof, etc. can be used.

The thickness of the fluidized medium support 1 is arbitrary depending on the type of growing plants.

(2) Thin film coating The material for the thin film coating 2 used in the present invention is one that can withstand sterilization, has excellent adhesion for placing and embedding seedling pieces, and forms a thin film, and is preferably a material for the fluidized medium support 1. A material that is easy to adhere to and has good workability is used.

Examples include gelling agents such as agar, agarose, and carrageenan, and film-like materials such as filter paper.

Although the thin film coating 2 does not contain culture components as main components, if it is better to include certain components during the initial culture, they are added.

(3) Adhesion between thin film coating and fluidized medium support When the coating material is a gel agent as described above, it has adhesive properties with the fluidized medium support 1, so natural adhesion occurs and no special adhesion process is required. . Only when using a film-like material such as filter paper, adhesion is performed by filling the material with the above-mentioned gel or the like so that it blends in with the support.

(4) Sterilization of medium When the thin film coating medium of the present invention is used in a sterile environment, it is sterilized prior to use.

Sterilization methods such as high-pressure sterilization and gas sterilization are appropriately selected depending on the properties of the coating agent and support material of the culture medium.

〉 Cultivation, starting with implantation of seedling plant pieces and tissue culture of the cultured plants, is usually carried out in a sterile environment, so here we will describe the method under sterile conditions.

For the seedling pieces, callus, somatic embryos, adventitious buds, ladles, and embryos are used as meristem cells and shoot apical cells, which are obtained by conventional methods such as agar culture or liquid shaking culture.

The seedling pieces are introduced into a sterile environment such as a clean room or a clean chamber, and then seeded onto the above-mentioned sterilized thin film coating medium.

Automatic sowing using a machine is preferable.

This is cultured in a sterile environment by adjusting temperature, humidity, illuminance, and other culture conditions. At this time, the composition of the culture solution in the medium is sequentially changed according to the growth of the plants, and light, oxygen, and other gases are supplied as necessary.

The following methods are possible for supplying and discharging culture components from the fluidized medium support 1. That is, in the type shown in FIG. 1, the culture medium container 6a is provided with a discharge port 5 and a supply port 4, through which the culture solution, gas, etc. are supplied, discharged, exchanged, and the culture medium is washed. Adjustment is also performed by computer control.

On the other hand, another embodiment is of the type shown in FIG. That is, the culture medium container 6b is made of a mesh-like material such as metal or fiber, and it is moved as it is to a culture solution tank to be impregnated with culture solution, or it is washed in a cleaning tank to supply and remove culture components. , exchange, etc.

In this way, the cultivation is continued on the same thin film-coated medium until the plants have grown sufficiently to be transplanted to a conventional cultivation area, without transplanting the plants to another medium support.

Furthermore, the medium support is transferred to a normal environment through a simple washing process.
By changing the medium, it is also possible to carry out cultivation until acclimatization.

In addition to supplying the culture solution from the fluidized medium support 1, it is also possible to supplementally use a device 3 for dispersing the culture solution as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. .

(c) Transplanting of a growing plant The grown plant can be transplanted to the soil or to a hydroponic cultivation site along with the fluid medium support 1, or it can be removed from the fluid medium support 1 and placed in soil under a normal environment or for hydroponic cultivation. It can also be transplanted into the ground.

Although the sugar content of the medium at the time of transplantation is sufficiently low due to the acclimatization culture on the thin film coating medium, if necessary, clean water is refluxed and drained through the fluidized medium support 1 prior to transplantation. As a result, contaminating growth of microorganisms under normal conditions after transplantation can be sufficiently suppressed.

<Effects of the Present Invention> (i) Since the surface of the medium is coated with a thin film of a gel such as agar that has adhesive properties with the young plant pieces, it is easy to place and embed the young plant pieces.

〉Below the thin film coating is a support made of particles or pieces, which allows the culture solution to flow and diffuse, so it is possible to use a culture solution containing plant hormones and nutrients that match the growth of the plant. Supply and exchange of dissolved oxygen takes place in a timely manner without transplanting plants.

Therefore, even acclimation culture of plants can be performed.

<C> Furthermore, according to the reflow medium system, it is easy to remove or dilute growth suppression and inhibitory substances caused by plant growth.

2) As mentioned above, since transplantation is not required during plant culture, the problems of transplantation labor and transplant stress on plants can be solved.

<E> In the conventional method, when transplanting a plant to a normal cultivation area, it is essential to wash the attachment medium with high sugar content in order to prevent contamination and proliferation of microorganisms after transplantation. However, in the method of the present invention, when the plants are transplanted, the medium has a low sugar content, so washing is not necessary, or even if it is necessary, removal and washing can be done by spraying sugar-free culture solution or by rapidly flowing clean water into the fluidized medium. This can be done in a simple process.

Kube: Transplanting to soil is easy because the medium support material is a group of discontinuous particles and pieces, so there is little damage to the roots.

<G> If the main cultivation is hydroponic cultivation, cultivation can be continued without transplanting, just by changing the nutritional components to suit the hydroponic cultivation area.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, everything from placing and culturing seedlings to growth culture or acclimatization of the plant body is carried out using a single medium system, and furthermore, during the growth stage, there is no need to use a complicated medium. There is no need for removal and washing (transplanting to cultivation soil is normally performed, and in hydroponic cultivation, transplant cultivation can be performed with the medium support as is), and highly efficient plant culture and cultivation can be expected.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1: Thin film coating medium of the invention Explanatory diagram of Figure 2: Explanatory diagram of another embodiment

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A thin film-coated culture medium consisting of a support made of a group of particles or pieces having gaps through which a culture solution can flow, and a thin film coating formed on the upper surface of this support. (2) In plant culture and growth, a medium consisting of a support made of particles or pieces having gaps that allow the culture solution to flow, and a thin film coating formed on the upper surface of this support is used. A thin film coating culture method that involves supplying and discharging culture components from the body.