JPS6323748B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a rotor constructed of permanent magnets such that a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately located around the rotor, and a plurality of permanent magnets adjacent to the periphery of the rotor. This invention relates to a pulse motor equipped with a stator having main pole teeth and commutating pole teeth, and a stator wound with an excitation coil excited by pulses. By setting the width smaller than the tooth width of the main pole teeth and configuring the commutating pole teeth to be shifted by 2/3 magnetic pole pitch with respect to the main pole teeth, the rotor can be smoothly stepped. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pulse motor that can operate, reduce input power without reducing output torque, and increase maximum response frequency.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the schematic configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Reference numeral 1 denotes a short cylindrical frame with openings on both upper and lower sides, and a mounting collar 2 is provided to protrude outward from the upper opening. Reference numeral 3 denotes a stator, which includes a disc-shaped upper magnetic pole body 4 that is fitted and fixed into the upper opening of the frame 1 so as to close it, and a stator that is fitted into the lower opening of the frame 1 so as to close it. It consists of a disc-shaped lower magnetic pole body 5 that is fitted and fixed, and a two-phase excitation coil 6 held between these magnetic pole bodies 4 and 5. In the magnetic pole body 4, five main pole teeth 4a to 4e are formed by cutting and raising downward at a certain angle, and these main pole teeth 4a to 4
Five commutating pole teeth 4f to 4 at a predetermined angle with e.
j is formed by cutting and raising downward.
Further, the magnetic pole body 5 has five main pole teeth 5a to 5e formed by cutting and raising upward at a certain angle, and these main pole teeth 5a to 5e.
Five commutating pole teeth 5f to 5 at a predetermined angle with e.
j is formed by cutting upward. In this case, main pole teeth 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e
are located between the main pole teeth 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and 4e, respectively, and the commutating pole teeth 5f, 5g, 5h,
The commutating pole teeth 5i and 5j are located between the commutating pole teeth 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i and 4j, respectively, and are arranged in a circular shape as a whole. 7 is a rotor, in which a disc-shaped support 9 is fitted and fixed to a rotating shaft 8, and a plurality of N and S poles are arranged around the outer periphery of the support 9 alternately. For example, a plurality of permanent magnets 10 are supported so that ten magnetic poles are formed. In this case, when the mutual angle between the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet 10, that is, the magnetic pole pitch is P, the main pole teeth 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, . . .
...The mutual pitch of 4e and 5e is also set to P,
Commutating pole teeth 4f, 5f, 4g, 5g,...4j, 5
The mutual pitch of j is also set to P, and the main pole teeth 4a, 4b, ......4e and 5a, 5
b, 5e, and commutating pole teeth 4f, 4g, .
...4j, 5f, 5g, ...5j are each set to have a pitch shift of 2/3P, and
The main pole teeth 4a to 4e and 5a to 5e are set to have the same face width dimension, and the commutating pole teeth 4f to 4j
and 5f to 5j are set to have the same face width dimension, and the face width dimensions of the commutating pole teeth 4f to 4j and 5f to 5j are set to be larger than the face width dimensions of the main pole teeth 4a to 4e and 5a to 5e. It is set to be small. The rotor 7 is disposed within the stator 3 with the upper and lower ends of its rotating shaft 8 supported by bearings 11 and 12 mounted approximately at the center of the magnetic pole bodies 4 and 5. main pole tooth 4a
4e to 5a to 5e and commutating pole teeth 4f to 4j and 5f to 5j are arranged close to the outer periphery of the rotor 7.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 5 shows the stator 3 and rotor 7 expanded for the convenience of explanation, and their rotation is shown in FIG. The magnetic poles of child 7 are N ₁ , S ₁ , N ₂ , S ₂ , N ₃
......, and the excitation coil 6 is shown as the first
The phase coil 6a and the second phase coil 6b are shown separately, and in FIG. 5, the pulse P ₁ given to the first phase coil 6a is shown in FIG. It shows the applied pulse P ₂ .

Thus, the first phase coil 6a and the second phase coil 6
When the rotor 7 is stopped with no pulses being applied to any of them, for example, the main pole tooth 4a and the commutative pole tooth 4f are connected to the rotor 7, as shown in FIG. 4a.
The main pole teeth _5a and the commutative pole teeth 5f correspond to the magnetic poles _N2 and _S2 of the rotor ₇ , and the main pole teeth 5e and the commutative pole teeth 5j correspond to the magnetic poles of the rotor 7. It corresponds to N ₁ and S ₁ and is in a state of magnetic equilibrium. In the state shown in FIG. 4a, for example, if the first phase coil 6a is excited with the pulse P ₁ shown in FIG. 5a,
A current I ₁ flows through the first phase coil 6a, and a magnetic flux Φ ₁ is generated in the magnetic pole bodies 4 and 5, whereby the main pole tooth 4a and the commutating pole tooth 4f of the magnetic pole body 4 are magnetized to the S pole. At the same time, the main pole teeth 5a, 5e and commutating pole teeth 5f, 5j of the magnetic pole body 5 are magnetized to N poles. Therefore, a magnetic repulsive force acts between the main pole tooth 4a and the magnetic pole _S1 ,
At the same time, a magnetic attractive force acts between the commutating pole teeth 4f and the magnetic pole _N2 , and at the same time, the magnetic attractive force acts between the main pole teeth 5a, 5e and the magnetic pole _N2 ,
A magnetic repulsive force acts between N ₁ and the commutating pole tooth 5
A magnetic attractive force acts between f, 5j and the magnetic poles S ₂ , S _1, and the rotor 7 rotates clockwise in the direction of arrow 13 by 2/3P from the state shown in FIG. 4a. It operates and becomes the state shown in Fig. 4b. In the state shown in FIG. 4b, when the first phase coil 16a is no longer excited by the pulse P ₁ and the current I ₁ stops flowing, the magnetic poles S ₁ , N ₂ , S ₂ and N ₃ of the rotor 7 and the main pole The rotor 7 is further stepped by 1/3P in the direction of the arrow 13 so that the magnetic action between the teeth 4a, 5a, 5e and the commutating pole teeth 4f, 5f, and 5j is in a magnetic equilibrium state, as shown in FIG. 4c. As a result, the rotor 7 changes from the state shown in FIG. 4a to the state shown in FIG. 4c.
It will work step by step. After that, the same thing happens when the pulse _P2 shown in FIG. 5b is applied to the second phase coil 6b, and the rotor 7 performs one more step operation.

By the way, conventionally, the tooth width of the main pole tooth and the tooth width of the commutator tooth are generally set to be the same dimension, so that in the magnetic equilibrium state corresponding to Fig. 4a, the main pole tooth width is set to the same size. The center position between the pole teeth and the commutating pole teeth corresponds to the intermediate position between the N and S poles of the rotor, for example, the intermediate position (boundary position) between the magnetic poles S ₁ and N ₂ in FIG. 4. In this state, when the excitation coil, for example, the first phase coil, is excited by a pulse, a magnetic repulsion force acts between the main pole teeth and one magnetic pole of the rotor, for example, _S1 , and a magnetic repulsion force acts between the main pole teeth and one magnetic pole of the rotor, for example, S The magnetic poles of the rotor
A magnetic attractive force acts between S ₁ and the adjacent magnetic pole N ₂ , causing the rotor to step clockwise (in the direction of arrow 13 in FIG. 4). After the rotor has stepped to the position where the center of its magnetic pole _N2 coincides with the center of the commutator tooth, the commutator tooth rotates the rotor counterclockwise (in the direction of arrow 13 in Fig. 4). This acts to cancel the torque generated from the main pole teeth, and therefore the rotor steps clockwise by 1/2P while the output torque is reduced. In this state, when the first phase coil is no longer excited by pulses, the rotor performs a further step operation by 1/2P to maintain a magnetic equilibrium state, resulting in one step operation. In this conventional configuration in which the main pole teeth and the commutating pole teeth have the same width dimension, the stepping motion of the rotor when the first phase coil, that is, the excitation coil is excited, and the subsequent magnetic equilibrium state are Since the step operation for maintaining the step operation is the same 1/2P in one step operation, when the step operation is performed continuously, it becomes a condition that tends to cause disturbance phenomenon, making it impossible to obtain a smooth step operation. There is a problem that the maximum response frequency becomes low, and since the output torque is reduced by the commutating pole teeth when the excitation coil is excited and the rotor is operated in steps, there is a problem that step errors are likely to occur due to disturbances and the like. Moreover, since the rotor performs step motion by overcoming the holding torque,
In the conventional system where the tooth width of the commutating pole teeth is the same as the tooth width of the main pole tooth and the holding torque is large, it is clear that it is necessary to increase the pulse that excites the excitation coil, that is, the input power, especially the input power at the time of starting. be.

On the other hand, according to this embodiment, the main pole tooth 4a
Since the face width dimensions of the commutating pole teeth 4f to 4j and 5f to 5j are set to be smaller than the face width dimensions of the commutating pole teeth 4e to 4e and 5a to 5e, the step of the rotor 7 when the excitation coil 6 is excited is The operation becomes 2/3P, and the step operation of the rotor 7 to reach a magnetic equilibrium state becomes 1/3P, and the two do not perform step operations at the same pitch within one step operation, so the rotation speed decreases. When the child 7 is operated in a continuous step, it is extremely rare that disturbance occurs, smooth step operation can be performed, and the maximum response frequency can be increased. 4j and 5f to 5j
Since the face width dimension is small, the degree to which the output torque is reduced is also reduced, and there is no problem of stepping errors. Moreover, according to this embodiment, as described above, the main pole teeth 4a to 4e and 5a to 5
The commutating pole teeth 4f to 4j and 5f are smaller than the tooth width dimension of e.
Since the face width dimensions of 5j to 5j are made smaller, the holding torque can be made smaller than before, and therefore the input power, especially the input power at the time of starting, can be made smaller.

According to the inventor's experiments, in the same model,
Conventionally, the maximum response frequency was 20 p.ps, but in this embodiment, it is 23 p.ps, which is approximately 15% higher.Also, whereas the conventional input power was 0.59W, in this embodiment, 0.44W is sufficient. The result was that it could be lowered by about 34%.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but can of course be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the gist.

As is clear from the embodiments described above, the present invention allows the rotor to perform smooth step operations, reduces input power without reducing output torque, and increases the maximum response frequency. It is possible to provide a pulse motor that exhibits excellent effects such as being able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the upper magnetic pole piece, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lower magnetic pole piece, and FIGS. 4 a to c. 5A and 5B are developed views of the stator and rotor in different operating states, respectively, and FIGS. 5a and 5b are pulse waveform diagrams. In the drawings, 1 is a frame, 3 is a stator, 4 is a magnetic pole body, 4a to 4e are main pole teeth, 4f to 4j are commutative pole teeth, 5 is a magnetic pole body, 5a to 5e are main pole teeth, and 5f to 5j are Commutating pole teeth, 6 are excitation coils, 6a and 6b
1 represents a first phase and a second phase coil, 7 represents a rotor, and 10 represents a permanent magnet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotor configured with permanent magnets such that a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately located around the circumference;
A stator having a plurality of main pole teeth and commutating pole teeth close to the rotor and having an excitation coil wound thereon that is excited by pulses,
The tooth width of the commutative pole tooth is set smaller than the tooth width of the main pole tooth, and the commutator tooth is set to 2/3 of the main pole tooth.
A pulse motor characterized in that the motors are arranged offset by the pitch of the magnetic poles.