JPS6323378A - Battery-driven emergency light using light emitting diode - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive to obtain a battery-driven emergency light device which can be used for a long time with a little reactive power by using a light emitting diode, which has a region having both electric conduction types and is provided with reflecting mirrors and the interior of a base part which are resin-molded. CONSTITUTION:One cathode wire and two anode wires are led out of a base part 51 of an incandescent miniature lamp and are connected to one cathode and two anodes of a light emitting diode of a structure wherein two P-type regions 53 and 43' are provided on both surfaces of one N-type region 52, the whole is resin-molded with an epoxy resin 54 or the like and reflecting mirrors 55 are provided on the side surface of a conical resin mold 54. Each layer 52, 53 and 53' of the light emitting diode is put on the almost centers or in the vicinities of the almost focal points of these reflecting mirrors, the angle of projection of light is controlled and both the light emission parallel to the junction surface and the light emission vertical to that are effectively utilized. In this case, the red light emitting diode has a P-N-P structure of a structure wherein two pieces of P-N junctions are adhered together in a reversely faced condition and light can be taken out two times more than a light emitting diode having a single P-N junction structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an emergency light, and more particularly to a battery-powered emergency light using a light emitting diode fabricated by vapor pressure controlled TA11 temperature difference liquid phase growth method.

Conventional emergency lighting devices use incandescent light bulbs as light emitters, and use colored filters such as colored glass to extract only the desired wavelength of light. It is a well-known fact that incandescent light bulbs have a low light conversion coefficient (J'P), and the light of one desired wavelength uses only a fraction of the wavelengths that are likely to be emitted by incandescent light bulbs. Therefore, the effective power efficiency of conventional emergency lights was very low.Since incandescent light bulbs are light emitters that use heat radiation, the temperature of the light emitter decreases as the voltage decreases due to the use of dry batteries, etc. However, the luminescence intensity decreases sensitively.

Manganese electric it! ! When using the SUM-12 station array, the duration of continuous use of the bulb is about 10-odd hours at most. Therefore, it was extremely unsuitable for reporting abnormal situations during long-term disasters and distress. In the event of a disaster on the road, in the mountains, or somewhere else, conventional emergency lights, which have a lifespan of only one day, are completely useless.

The purpose of Kii Somei is to produce light with efficiency and high brightness that was unimaginable with the conventional slow cooling liquid phase growth method, which was created using an innovative crystal growth method called vapor pressure controlled 11I temperature difference liquid phase growth method. The present invention provides a battery-powered emergency FR1 device that uses diodes and consumes little reactive power and can be used for a long time. Regarding the vapor pressure controlled temperature difference liquid phase growth method, when the method shown in Patent No. 857545 "Method and manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor devices by continuous liquid phase growth" is used, GaA4As light emitting diodes can be grown in the red region. 6650A, 30000ft-L (20m A
＞, which was completely unimaginable using conventional crystal growth methods, was obtained. By using light emitting diodes made using this growth method, ￥1
The ffi power is less than 1/10, the R life of the light emitter is more than 100 times more, the duration is more than 10 times more, and high brightness can be easily realized.

A light emitting diode has an emission wavelength specific to the semiconductor used, and since light emission is caused by the disappearance of carriers, the emission intensity has a property that it is approximately proportional to the forward current. The power efficiency of light-emitting diodes has improved significantly in recent years, greatly surpassing the luminous efficiency of incandescent light bulbs. Furthermore, since no unnecessary wavelength light is emitted for colored display, the effective efficiency is further increased.

A configuration example will be explained in detail while comparing it with a conventional one.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a commonly used conventional emergency light. It consists of a light bulb (1), a color filter (2) such as colored glass, a reflective &1 (3), a dry battery (4), and a switch (5).The current supplied from the dry battery is supplied to the light bulb via the switch. Emit colored light to the outside through colored glass, etc.

The present invention uses low power consumption and high brightness light emitting diodes instead of conventional light emitter bulbs.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention. It is desirable that the light emitting diode has a light emitting layer as high as possible, is simple in construction, and has a low manufacturing cost. Ordinary incandescent miniature light bulb base (51)
One cathode ray and two anode rays are drawn from , one nf
Both sides of r4 area 52 1. :2) (7) p region 1M (53),
(53) Connect the two anodes and one cathode of a single-digit light emitting diode, mold the whole thing with epoxy resin (54), and wrap it around the side of the conical resin mold (54)! )18! (55) is provided. reflection iff (5
5) uses a concave or parabolic type, and each layer (52), (53), (53) of the light emitting diode is the opposite of this! )'l placed approximately at the center or approximately at the focal point of the mirror,
The projection angle of light is controlled to effectively utilize both light emission parallel to and perpendicular to the joint surface. The projection angle can also be further adjusted by changing the shape of the front surface of the resin mold.

A conventional red light emitting diode is, for example, Gao7△J?
-o, 3As, p-
It forms an n-junction. In this case, since light emission occurs equidirectionally at the p-n junction interface, the light emitted toward the GaAs CJ plate is absorbed by the substrate, making about half of the light emission unusable. Therefore, a structure in which the substrate was completely removed was considered. The present invention has a D-n-f1 structure in which two p-n junctions are bonded in opposite directions, and in simple terms, twice as much light can be extracted as that of a single p-n junction. It has the advantage that light is emitted from both the front and back surfaces, and that light from the concave surface can be used effectively, and the amount of light emitted can be increased compared to the case of a single pn junction.

The structure of the present invention has a screw-in part and a socket part of the same standard as a conventional small light bulb, and can be used in a conventional light bulb. Also, the cap part (51) and the reflection gfl < 55
> can be integrally molded, and production cost 1- can be significantly reduced.

) as a power source, a switch (10), a current limiting circuit (12) to prevent overcurrent, and a light emitting diode (13) as a light emitter.
Use. This light emitting diode (13) has the structure shown in FIG. The dry batteries (11) use two manganese batteries (nominal rating: pressure 1.5V) in series.The current peak limiter circuit (12) uses an electric field resistor (FET), Zener diode, etc. , a bipolar transistor with controlled base-emitter bias, and other conventionally known transistors.

If the bias voltage is made variable by making one bias resistor variable, the light emission intensity can be easily adjusted by operating the current limiting circuit with a single button. Light-emitting diodes have a rise voltage unique to the semiconductor they are used in, and will not emit light below this voltage. G for red light emitting diode lighting
In the case of aASO,7P O,3, it is approximately 1.6■, Ga
o,'y A, f2. ．． For 3AS, approximately 1.7 V or more is required, and for Ga P green light emitting diode, approximately 2.20 V is required.
V or more is required. o, iv when it exceeds the rising voltage
Even a change in the current causes a large change in the current, resulting in an overcurrent. Therefore, a current limiting circuit (12) is required. The light emitting body (13) is a red light emitting diode of GaA So,
7 P o, 3, or G a O, 7A l o3△
It is S. While conventional white light bulbs require a current of several hundred milliamperes to flow when turned on, products have been commercialized that provide usable light emission even with a few hundred microamperes. When driving a light emitting diode with a dry battery, consideration must be given to compatibility between the rise voltage of the semiconductor used and the power supply voltage due to a fault on the user side. In other words, the voltage supplied to the light emitting diode must be higher than the effective rise voltage of the light emitting diode used. When using two dry cell batteries connected in a row, the power supply voltage is 3 V. The minimum voltage is 0.5
~i, ov For example, a light emitting diode (Ga07Ago
,, As ) is required to emit light, approximately 1.7V is required, so the required power supply voltage is approximately 2.2V or more. Therefore, if dry batteries are used in two arrays, approximately 0.8V will be used extra, but since light-emitting diodes have low power consumption, the terminal voltage of the dry batteries will be approximately 2.2V (1.1V per diode). This means that it can be used for a long time until it degrades, making it possible to have a very long life.

An example of increasing the number of dry batteries used is shown below. The case with three dry batteries is shown in FIG. 4, and the case with four dry batteries is shown in FIG. 5, respectively. In Figures 4 and 5, the battery (21)
, (31) and light emitting diodes (23), (33), but the circuit is basically the same as that in FIG. 3(a). When using three SUM-1 manganese batteries with a nominal voltage of 1.5V connected in series, the light emitting diode
If four dry batteries are connected in series, it is better to use three light emitting diodes connected in series. Similar to FIG. 3(C), the current value can be made variable. As mentioned above, light emitting diodes (or light emitting diodes connected in series) can also be connected in parallel. In this case, it is preferable that the current limit circuit 11 is provided in each light emitting diode circuit connected in parallel. Also in the case of FIGS. 4 and 5, current limiting circuits as shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 3(C) can be used. The breakdown voltage of normal transistors and FETs is approximately 2
Since the voltage is 0V or more, there is almost no need to consider the withstand voltage, so almost the same current limiting circuit can be used.

When limiting current with a resistor, it is necessary to select a resistor that matches each voltage and current value. It is obvious that if voltage utilization efficiency is not an issue (J: it is not possible even if the number of light emitting diodes is reduced).

Regarding red light emission, the following advantages arise. That is, the fourth
When using 3tj dry batteries connected in series as shown in the figure, the power supply voltage is:
4.5v, and the voltage required for the current limiting circuit is approximately 0.5v.
Since the voltage required to emit light is approximately 3.4 V due to the connection of two light emitting diodes in a row, the voltage efficiency is (3
゜4+0.5>/4.5=0.87 or more.The platform shown in Figure 5 uses four dry cell batteries connected in a row, and the voltage of 8 is 6, and when three light emitting diodes are connected in a row, it emits light. In order to do so, the current, including the voltage required for the 11th limit circuit, is required to be about 5.6 µm, so the voltage efficiency becomes even higher at 5.6/6-0.93.

Through the embodiments shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, we have explained that the red light emitting diode is Qa, A△L03△S, but if the light emitting diode is made of GaASo, 7PO, 3, the rise voltage will be per 1W of the light emitting diode. It can be reduced by about 0.1V. However, it is not possible to increase the number of light emitting diodes by doing so, so GaQ is currently 7△dan. 3AS
When you consider that the luminous efficiency of this product is very superior compared to other products, it makes sense. Preferably, 3ΔS is used. The current limiting circuit is not limited to the source-gate directly connected FET as described above, but in the current value fixed type, the source-gate directly connected type FET is preferable in terms of voltage consumption and simple structure.

As described above, the battery-powered emergency reactor device using light emitting diodes according to the present invention 1. t) Compared to conventional emergency lights, they have a significantly longer lifespan and higher efficiency, so they have great safety effects and are of high industrial and social value. The term "emergency light" is used to mean a light source capable of emitting red light.
This does not exclude those used for official purposes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flashlight, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting diode, and Fig. 3 (a) to (C) are a cross-sectional view of a conventional flashlight.
Embodiment Circuit Diagrams FIGS. 4 and 5 show circuit diagrams of other embodiments. Figure 7 3 Figure Moromi+ Figure Songo Figure w'2- Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] On both sides of a region with one electrical conductivity type, a pair of light emitting diodes fabricated by vapor pressure controlled temperature difference liquid phase epitaxy is formed, with regions having the opposite electrical conductivity type, to focus light emitted in a certain direction. , having a concave or parabolic reflecting mirror, disposing the light emitting diode pair at approximately the center or almost the focal point of the reflecting mirror, with the cross section of the light emitting diode pair facing the emission direction, and having both electrical conductivity types. A battery-operated emergency light using a light emitting diode, which has an electrode on the base part through an insulating material, and has the reflecting mirror and the inside of the base part molded with resin.